Optic nerve neuritis. Medical search. Frequent questions

In MS, the immune system cells that normally protect us from viruses, bacteria, and unhealthy cells mistakenly attack myelin in the central nervous system (brain, optic nerves, and spinal cord). (nih.gov)
MS also damages the nerve cell bodies, which are found in the brain's gray matter, as well as the axons themselves in the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves that transmit visual information from the eye to the brain. (nih.gov)
The symptoms of MS depend on the severity of the inflammatory reaction as well as the location and extent of the plaques, which primarily appear in the brain stem, cerebellum (involved with balance and coordination of movement, among other functions), spinal cord, optic nerves, and the white matter around the brain ventricles (fluid-filled cavaties). (nih.gov)
A demyelinating disease is any condition that causes damage to the protective covering (myelin sheath) that surrounds nerve fibers in your brain, the nerves leading to the eyes (optic nerves) and spinal cord. (mayoclinic.org)
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) - inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system, predominantly of the optic nerve and spinal cord. (mayoclinic.org)
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a disorder of the central nervous system that majorly affects the nerves of eyes (optic neuritis) and the spinal cord (myelitis). (selfgrowth.com)
Mainly it occurs when the immune system begins to function abnormally and react against its own cells in the central nervous system, majorly in the spinal cord and optic nerves and sometimes in the brain also. (selfgrowth.com)
This is the most common type of NMOSD in which initial attack of inflammation in the spinal cord and optic nerve takes place which is further followed by several attacks over a period of some years. (selfgrowth.com)
In MRI, powerful magnets and radio waves are used to create a detailed view of brain, spinal cord and optic nerves. (selfgrowth.com)
This imaging test makes the doctor able to detect lesions or any damaged area in the brain, spinal cord or optic nerves. (selfgrowth.com)
Attached equipment to the electrodes record the brain's response to stimuli and helpful for doctor to find lesions or damaged area in brain, optic nerve, spinal cord and nerves. (selfgrowth.com)
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a neurological disorder characterized by destruction of the myelin, an oily substance that helps protect nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, also known as central nervous system (CNS) white matter. (howstuffworks.com)
Paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes (PNS) are a group of conditions that affect the nervous system (brain, spinal cord, nerves and/or muscles) in patients with cancer. (howstuffworks.com)
Although blindness and paralysis may seem quite different, many types of these two conditions share the same underlying cause: nerves whose axons, the long fibers that connect the nerve to the brain or spinal cord, are severed and never grow back. (uconn.edu)
Similarly, if the axons in the optic nerve cannot reach the brain, or the axons from your toe cannot connect to the spinal cord, you will not be able to see from that eye or move your toe. (uconn.edu)
Typical symptoms of relapses may be referable to demyelinating pathology involving the optic nerves (e.g. optic neuritis), brainstem (e.g. internuclear ophthalmoplegia) or spinal cord (e.g. partial myelitis), although non-specific symptoms referable to the cerebral hemispheres or other brain regions can also occur (Katz Sand and Lublin, 2013). (medscape.com)

Her research interests include optic neuropathies (specifically non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and optic neuritis), medical education research, and quality improvement / high value care research. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Dr. Shindler treats patients with neuro-ophthalmologic conditions, including optic neuropathies, papilledema, and binocular double vision. (upenn.edu)

Cranial nerve palsies and optic neuritis are uncommon. (wikipedia.org)
Examples of these functions include vision (cranial nerve #2), pupil restriction and eyelid elevation (cranial nerve #3), and ocular mobility (cranial nerve #4). (allaboutvision.com)
Attention should be paid to cranial nerve deficits, change in mental status and abnormal gait and body posture. (vin.com)

A case of acute optic neuritis. (medscape.com)

Historically, clinical research on optic neuritis has been carried out in Europe and North America and has therefore reports on diagnosis and management have been dominated by the disease profile of this demographic. (edu.au)
Initial studies in the diagnosis of optic neuritis related to MS have also been promising, but these studies, such as one in which machine learning was employed to identify MS on the basis of optic nerve fiber thickness, 4 have been small. (medpagetoday.com)
For diagnosis of MS-related optic neuritis, calculations for sensitivity and specificity were made for the individual measures, such as pRNFL and GCIPL thinning, as well as composite scores from multiple variables. (medpagetoday.com)
Optic neuritis can be one of the earliest signs of MS, emerging before a patient even receives an MS diagnosis. (stanford.edu)

Not all patients with MS develop optic neuritis, and some of those who have visual disturbances do not show the same clinical signs of optic neuritis as others. (stanford.edu)
Optic neuritis can occur as an isolated disease or can be associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) . Not everyone with MS will develop optic neuritis. (chop.edu)

Tests for optic nerve disorders may include eye exams, ophthalmoscopy (an examination of the back of your eye), and imaging tests . (medlineplus.gov)
With some optic nerve disorders, you may get your vision back. (medlineplus.gov)
The Neuro-Ophthalmology division of the Wilmer Eye Institute specializes in treating patients with blurred vision caused by optic disorders, double vision caused by strokes and brain tumors, defects in the visual fields, and involuntary spasms of the face and eyelids. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Optic neuritis is an inflammatory injury of the optic nerve that causes vision loss, which is common in MS and other CNS inflammatory disorders. (medscape.com)
In the study, the researchers achieved a 95% expert consensus through a Delphi process to categorise the links between optic neuritis and other antibody mediated disorders including syndromes such as Neuromyelitis Optica, or Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-associated Disease, which are more common in patients of African and Asian origin. (edu.au)
AbstractEarly detection of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), especially after optic neuritis, a presenting manifestation commonly observed also in multiple sclerosis (MS), is crucial for timely treatment and prognosis. (ox.ac.uk)
Optic neuritis can occur at the onset or be one of the syndromes within multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody disease (MOGAD). (bvsalud.org)

In contrast to the cornea, conjunctiva and iris, the retina and optic nerve have no pain sensation. (petplace.com)
Therefore, diseases such as retinal degeneration, retinitis (inflammation of the retina), and optic neuritis (inflammation of the optic nerve) do not cause outward signs of pain. (petplace.com)
The acuity of central vision (at the optic disc) was explained by the concentration of visual spirit where the optic nerve met the retina. (nature.com)
The retina converts the light into nerve impulses, which travel to the brain through the optic nerve. (vin.com)
The retina is a 10-layered structure that converts light signals into nerve impulses that are sent to the brain for interpretation into an image. (vin.com)
The optic nerve is the only pathway of information from the nerve cells in the retina of the eye to the nerve cells of the brain. (chop.edu)

2 The second encompassed the period 1791 to the 1840s when the nature of galvanism and its role in nerve conduction was studied. (nature.com)
After an episode of demyelinating optic neuritis, a relative conduction delay within the affected optic nerve may lead to an altered perception of motion. (aao.org)
conduction slowing with relatively preserved nerve fibre layer suggests MS, while severe neuroaxonal loss after optic neuritis, often hindering VEP response, characterizes NMOSD. (ox.ac.uk)

The first disease I'm going to mention is Glaucoma, according to Web MD last updated in 2015, Glaucoma is a condition that causes damage to your eye's optic nerve and gets worse over time. (bartleby.com)

Glaucoma usually happens when the fluid pressure inside the eyes slowly rises and damages the optic nerve. (medlineplus.gov)
Common causes of blindness in this category include glaucoma, retinal detachment and optic neuritis involving the proximal optic nerve. (vin.com)
Loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is a hallmark of many ophthalmic diseases including glaucoma, retinal ischemia due to central artery occlusion, anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and may be significant in optic neuritis, optic nerve trauma, and AIDS. (nih.gov)
Thus, a reliable, The exclusion criteria were: significant quick and inexpensive test for detection of ocular diseases beside diabetic retinopathy, early dysfunction is of vital importance to including cataract, glaucoma, and optic primary and shared care programmes. (who.int)
Afterwards, the best corrected ocular diseases, including optic neuritis and visual acuity was determined on a subjec- glaucoma, where contrast sensitivity can be tive basis. (who.int)

You should not take quinine if you have a heart rhythm disorder called Long QT syndrome , a genetic enzyme deficiency called glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G-6-PD), myasthenia gravis , optic neuritis (inflammation of the nerves in your eyes), if you have taken quinine in the past and it caused a blood cell disorder or severe bleeding. (drugs.com)

Idiopathic ON, the most common form of ON, is an inflammatory optic neuropathy in the absence of evidence of a systemic inflammatory disease. (bmj.com)
Optic neuritis is an inflammatory disease of the optic nerve that often occurs as part of the neurodegenerative disease multiple sclerosis. (upenn.edu)
Women with this debilitating inflammatory condition can go from feeling fairly healthy one day to struggling to walk the next, as a person's immune system attacks the myelin sheaths that insulate nerve cells in the brain. (stanford.edu)
Optic neuritis (ON) is an acute demyelinating inflammatory disease of the optic nerve and primarily influences young females [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)

Pharmacologic therapy in optic neuritis (ON) is directed at ameliorating the acute symptoms of pain and decreased vision caused by demyelinating inflammation of the nerve. (medscape.com)

The process can include bilateral granulomatous anterior uveitis, variable degree of vitritis, thickening of the posterior choroid with elevation of the peripapillary retinal choroidal layer, optic nerve hyperemia and papillitis, and multiple exudative bullous serous retinal detachments. (wikipedia.org)
Monteiro ML, Borges WI, do Val Ferreira Ramos C, Lucato LT, Leite CC. Bilateral optic neuritis in wegener granulomatosis. (medscape.com)
Bilateral optic neuritis in leprosy. (medscape.com)
Siddiqui J, Rouleau J, Lee AG, Sato Y, Voigt MD. Bilateral optic neuritis in acute hepatitis C. J Neuroophthalmol . (medscape.com)
Optic neuritis can be unilateral (affecting only one eye) or bilateral (affecting both eyes). (chop.edu)
Demyelinating optic neuritis and hereditary optic neuropathy (HON) take a leading place among the diseases, the leading clinical syndrome of which is bilateral optic neuropathy with a simultaneous or sequential significant decrease in visual acuity. (bvsalud.org)
ABSTRACT: A 64-year-old man presented with painless sequential bilateral vision loss, consistent with optic neuropathy, over the span of months. (bvsalud.org)

To demonstrate the relation between optic neuritis (ON) and systemic inflammation markers as neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (N/L ratio), platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), and red cell distribution width (RDW) and furthermore to evaluate the utilization of these markers to predict the frequency of the ON episodes. (hindawi.com)
Causes of optic neuritis include such infections as distemper in dogs and cryptococcosis, a systemic fungal infection, in cats. (vin.com)
The development of new immunosuppressant drugs and monoclonal antibodies has reduced the relapses and improved the prognosis of optic neuritis as well as an associated systemic disease. (lww.com)

The optic nerve is a bundle of more than 1 million nerve fibers that carry visual messages. (medlineplus.gov)
Myelin is a substance that makes up the protective sheath (myelin sheath) that coats nerve fibers (axons). (nih.gov)
This attack causes inflammation and injury to the nerve sheath and ultimately to the nerve fibers that it surrounds. (mayoclinic.org)
The cornea and conjunctiva have a rich concentration of pain fibers (nerves), with the highest proportion located near their surfaces. (petplace.com)

It has Been Longly Believed That Ocular Nerve Cells Are Either Dead or Alive - New Science Is Proving This Isn't The Whole Picture. (eyehealthinstitute.com)
Just as when a patient suffers a heart attack they use a defibrillator to get the heart moving again in the proper rhythm we can also do that with ocular nerve cells. (eyehealthinstitute.com)
Over the past 25 years of study and clinical trials we have determined the latest most effective way to activate and re-activate the ocular nerve cells to bring them back to a state of performance. (eyehealthinstitute.com)
Casuistry: During the examination of a 5-year-old patient after an alleged head injury at a bouncy castle, an optic nerve papilla with unclear boundaries was described on the ocular background of both eyes. (bvsalud.org)

We hope our classification will lead to the identification of yet more immunological causes of optic neuritis and ensure uniformity in identifying sub-types of optic neuritis. (edu.au)
On the developments, Dr Fraser said, 'This is an important international collaboration, which expands our understanding and classification of all types of optic neuritis across the world. (edu.au)

The main symptom of optic neuritis is vision loss, frequently maximal within several days and varying from a small central or paracentral scotoma to complete blindness. (msdmanuals.com)
Greek and Roman humoral physiology needed a hollow optic nerve, the obstruction of which prevented the flow of visual spirit to and from the brain and resulted in blindness. (nature.com)
All of these conditions can irreversibly damage the optic nerve, leading to blindness. (uconn.edu)

Dr. Amanda Henderson and Dr. Neil Miller are involved in translational research investigating potential treatment options for non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy in animal models of this condition. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Other conditions can also lead to nerve damage: Carpal tunnel syndrome affects your wrist, while diabetic neuropathy can trigger numbness, tingling, or pain in your feet or hands. (webmd.com)
Although there are multiple reports of optic neuropathy caused by amiodarone, a major challenge is discerning whether the optic neuropathy has a direct causal relationship with amiodarone use or is due to other factors that increase ones risk in developing NAION. (bartleby.com)
Progressive outer retinal necrosis presenting with isolated optic neuropathy. (medscape.com)
Deficiency can cause optic neuropathy. (colorwithleo.com)
HON are a group of neurodegenerative diseases, among which the most common variants are Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), associated with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations, and autosomal recessive optic neuropathy (ARON), caused by nuclear DNA (nDNA) mutations in DNAJC30. (bvsalud.org)
The aim of this study was to describe the phenotype of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy occurring in pediatric females. (bvsalud.org)
We searched PubMed through February 2021 and identified 226 pediatric females with genetically confirmed Leber hereditary optic neuropathy and added a new case of a 3-year-old female. (bvsalud.org)
A mutation in mitochondrial MT-ND4 gene, consistent with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy. (bvsalud.org)

A. 1.5 Tesla, contrast-enhanced spin echo T1-weighted, fat-suppressed coronal MRI through the orbits shows enlargement and contrast enhancement of the left optic nerve in the retrobulbar portion (arrow). (medscape.com)
Optic neuritis (ON) may involve the retrobulbar (retrobulbar neuritis) or the intrabulbar (papillitis) portion of the optic nerve, or both. (bmj.com)
In about two thirds of patients, inflammation is entirely retrobulbar, causing no visible changes to the optic nerve head. (msdmanuals.com)

Dr. Shindler's studies are helping to identify new therapies to prevent nerve damage in this disease, and such therapies will also likely have benefits for other neurodegenerative diseases as well. (upenn.edu)
Heather Moss, MD, PhD, aims to better identify and understand neurologic diseases such as multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis to provide better treatments for patients. (stanford.edu)
We will trace the history of ideas about optic nerve anatomy and function in the Western world from the ancient Greeks to the early 20th century and show how these influenced causal theories of optic nerve diseases. (nature.com)
2 3 4 5 6 ] However, a more recent population-based survey conducted in urban Mangalore has shown a prevalence of 8.3/100,000 for MS and 2.6/100,000 for neuromyelitis optic spectrum diseases (NMOSD). (lww.com)

Neuroimaging revealed only mild T2 signal abnormality and faint enhancement in the left optic nerve. (bvsalud.org)

Differential diagnoses are pseudotumor cerebri, optic nerve drusen and optic neuritis. (bvsalud.org)

Optic neuritis is often the presenting manifestation of multiple sclerosis. (msdmanuals.com)
Optic neuritis as onset manifestation of multiple sclerosis: a nationwide, long-term survey. (medscape.com)

TNF-alpha inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors can cause optic neuritis. (msdmanuals.com)
Multiple sclerosis - This autoimmune disease can cause optic neuritis, inflammation of the optic nerve that carries signals from the eye to the brain. (colorwithleo.com)

Medieval physicians understood that the presence of a fixed dilated pupil indicated optic nerve obstruction, preventing the passage of visual spirit, and that cataract surgery in such cases would not restore sight. (nature.com)
In persons with optic neuritis, the optic disc appears pale and pupil response may be decreased in comparison to the unaffected eye. (chop.edu)
The performed eye examination revealed a deterioration of the vision of the right eye on counting fingers to 50 cm, vision of the left eye to 0.4 naturally, a slowed photoreaction of the right pupil, prominent optic nerve papilla with unclear boundaries on both eyes, dilated and more coiled vessels with a crossing phenomenon, the retinal periphery shows no focal changes. (bvsalud.org)

Trauma or stroke of the optic nerve. (uconn.edu)

Damage to nerve cells can lead to permanent vision loss in these patients. (upenn.edu)
What is optic neuritis and how does it affect patients with MS? (umms.org)
Most patients will visit their eye doctor first but should see a neurologist if it looks like you have optic neuritis. (umms.org)
The results of a new study found that machine learning models may one day be instrumental in evaluating patients with suspected optic neuritis related to multiple sclerosis. (medpagetoday.com)
The ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer inter-eye difference was the single best discriminator of history of optic neuritis in patients with MS. (medpagetoday.com)
In North America and Northern Europe, MS is the most common cause of optic neuritis (inflammation of the optic nerve), and MS patients often experience visual disturbances since our eyes are connected to the brain via the optic nerve. (stanford.edu)
Moss, Dubra and their team used adaptive optics imaging, which employs a highly-focused light and detector system Dubra helped invent, to get the highest-resolution, most detailed images of the backs of the eyes of people with MS. Even though MS is thought to affect the optic nerve behind the eye, they were surprised to find characteristic changes in the patients' retinas. (stanford.edu)
In the Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial (ONTT), which followed a group of patients with acute unilateral optic neuritis, 28 percent of patients experienced a recurrence of optic neuritis within five years and 35 percent within 10 years. (chop.edu)

Optic nerve atrophy is damage to the optic nerve. (medlineplus.gov)

Optic neuritis (ON) is a demyelinating inflammation of the optic nerve that often occurs in association with multiple sclerosis (MS) and, much less commonly, neuromyelitis optica (NMO). (medscape.com)
We searched PubMed and Medline for studies published during the last 10 years with the general term "optic neuritis" and specific terms like "typical optic neuritis," "atypical optic neuritis," "multiple sclerosis," "neuromyelitis optic neuritis," and "myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody. (lww.com)

The peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and the ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) were evaluated with SD-OCT. In addition, visual function tests, such as low-contrast letter acuity (LCLA), were evaluated for their ability to provide greater diagnostic specificity when compared to SD-OCT measurements alone. (medpagetoday.com)

This test is useful in diagnosing early stages of PRA, and in differentiating between optic neuritis and sudden acquired retinal degeneration (SARD). (vin.com)

Reoccurrence of optic neuritis is not uncommon. (chop.edu)

Dr. Henderson is also involved in multiple projects pertaining to medical education, diversity among medical professionals and trainees, "big data" evaluations of neuro-ophthalmic conditions, visual effects of traumatic brain injury, international collaborations on optic neuritis, quality improvement and high value care, and thyroid eye disease. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis. (bmj.com)
Sometimes optic neuritis is caused by Multiple Sclerosis but can also be triggered by many other conditions. (edu.au)
If the optic nerve becomes inflamed due to multiple sclerosis, we refer to that as optic neuritis. (umms.org)
If you have optic neuritis, you could have multiple sclerosis. (umms.org)
Optic neuritis: Clinical considerations and the relationship to multiple sclerosis. (medscape.com)

Both the microscope and the ophthalmoscope allowed visualisation of the optic nerve, but problems of interpretation persisted until conceptual transformations in medical science were made. (nature.com)
Optic neuritis is diagnosed by clinical presentation as well as visualization of the optic disc using an ophthalmoscope. (chop.edu)

When the myelin sheath is damaged, nerve impulses slow or even stop, causing neurological problems. (mayoclinic.org)

The brain has twelve pairs of cranial nerves that make different functions possible. (allaboutvision.com)
Neuro-ophthalmological exams will test other cranial nerves to determine if an issue is present in the brain and, if so, where it's located. (allaboutvision.com)
Cranial nerves are located in different regions of the brain, so if the function of one or more cranial nerves is affected, it can help neuro-ophthalmologists map where the problem may be. (allaboutvision.com)
It happens when your immune system mistakenly tells your body to attack myelin, the protective sheath over nerve cells in your brain and spine. (webmd.com)
This condition damages the nerve that connects your eye to your brain . (webmd.com)
Optic neuritis is an inflammation affecting the optic nerve that sends signals from the back of the eye to the brain. (allaboutvision.com)
The optic nerve is like a cable that connects the eyes, which take in visual information, to the brain, which processes it. (umms.org)
In his physiology of the nervous system, psychic pneuma was collected in the ventricles of the brain and distributed through the nerves to all parts of the body to provide them with sensation and motion. (nature.com)
Optic neuritis is the inflammation of the optic nerve, which transmits visual information from the eye to the brain. (tangorm.com)
Optic neuritis is inflammation of the optic nerve, which carries impulses from the eye to the brain to be interpreted as images. (vin.com)
Trakhtenberg believes that similar immature nerve cells exist in regions of the brain outside the visual system too, and might also heal some features of paralysis under the right circumstances. (uconn.edu)
Optic neuritis is caused by inflammation of the optic nerve, which is located between the back of the eye and the brain. (chop.edu)

The significant decline in his visual function was out of proportion to the appearance of the optic nerves (which were not pale) or changes in his retinal nerve fiber layer thickness on optical coherence tomography. (bvsalud.org)

Visual evoked potentials may be abnormal even when visual acuity is normal and when MRI of the optic nerve reveals no abnormalities. (medscape.com)

Damage to an optic nerve can cause vision loss . (medlineplus.gov)
Optic neuritis, inflammation in the optic nerve, is a common cause of vision loss affecting people of any age. (edu.au)

A study led by Dr Axel Petzold (UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London), Prof Gordon Plant (National Hospital for Neurology, London) and A/Prof Clare Fraser (Save Sight Institute, Sydney) has developed diagnostic criteria for an eye condition known as optic neuritis that will help inform treatment options. (edu.au)

They express a similar subset of genes, and can be experimentally stimulated to regrow long-distance axons that, under the right circumstances, could lead to healing some vision problems caused by nerve damage. (uconn.edu)
Once stimulated by a treatment, these embryonic-like nerve cells' axons start to regrow in injured areas, but tend to stall before they reach their original targets. (uconn.edu)

Antiaquaporin4 antibodies and antimyelin oligodendrocytes antibodies are now considered as distinct entities of optic neuritis with their specific clinical presentation, neuroimaging characteristics, treatment options, and course of the disease. (lww.com)

The present study suggests that GCIPL thinning in both eyes, a large inter-eye difference in GCIPL, and abnormal LCLA are all associated with an increased likelihood of MS-related optic neuritis, but none of these factors individually appear to offer sufficient specificity or sensitivity to be clinically valuable by themselves. (medpagetoday.com)

In this, the patient may not be capable of recovering from damage of nerves caused by these attacks and the damage occurred is usually permanent. (selfgrowth.com)

In optic neuritis (ON), transient thickening of the macular retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) can be observed. (lu.se)

The growth of anatomy and influence of mechanical philosophy from the 17th century led to visual spirit being replaced with the concept of nerve force, which later became associated with electricity travelling along nerve fibres. (nature.com)
When this nerve is inflamed, the transmission of information is disturbed and visual impairment results. (chop.edu)

Anatomy65

Organisms7

Diseases53

Chemicals and Drugs16

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment36

Psychiatry and Psychology7

Phenomena and Processes17

Disciplines and Occupations5

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Health Care2

Spinal cord16

Neuropathies2

Cranial nerve3

Acute optic neuritis1

Diagnosis4

Develop optic neuritis2

Disorders7

Retina6

Conduction3

Eye's optic nerve1

Glaucoma5

Inflammation of the nerves1

Inflammatory4

Symptoms1

Bilateral7

Systemic3

Fibers4

Ocular4

Types of optic2

Blindness3

Neuropathy9

Retrobulbar3

Diseases4

Left optic nerve1

Drusen1

Manifestation2

Cause optic2

Pupil3

Trauma1

Patients8

Atrophy1

Neuromyelitis2

Peripapillary retinal1

Degeneration1

Uncommon1

Multiple6

Ophthalmoscope2

Myelin sheath1

Brain12

Thickness1

Abnormalities1

Vision loss2

Neurology1

Axons2

Clinical presentation1

Eyes1

Attacks1

Macular1

Visual2