Appetitive behaviorNucleus accumbensConsumptionReinforcementIncreasesRewardMechanismsDecreaseIntakeRoleBrainStudiesFoundTypesAspectsDrugHypothalamic- pitDopamineInstrumental behaviorOperant2019NeuroimmuneMicePharmacologyAddictionArousalEscalationSuppressionEthanolBehavioralDisorderEngageSubstanceIdentifyAffectStudyRewardsReduceYearAnimalMajor
Appetitive behavior1
- Localized neuropharmacological glutamate blockade at sites in the medial shell of nucleus accumbens (NAc), by microinjections of the glutamate AMPA antagonist, DNQX, produce either intense appetitive behavior or fearful behavior. (jneurosci.org)
Nucleus accumbens2
- Probing the effects of opioids on consummatory behavior, Barson injected opioids into brain regions involved in feeding and reward and found increases in alcohol consumption and increases in dopaminergic release in the nucleus accumbens, typically involved in reward behavior. (wikipedia.org)
- Mu-opioid receptor (µ-OR) signaling in forebrain sites including nucleus accumbens (Acb) and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) modulates reward-driven feeding and may play a role in the pathophysiology of disordered eating. (bvsalud.org)
Consumption2
- Barson worked under the mentorship of Sarah Fryer Leibowitz continuing to study the role of opioids and orexin in ethanol consumption and feeding. (wikipedia.org)
- There exists a positive behavioral feedback loop with fat consumption such that fat intake leads to increased consummatory behavior due to orexin and opioid release in the brain. (wikipedia.org)
Reinforcement7
- In reinforcement theory , it is argued that human behavior is a result of "contingent consequences" to human actions. (wikipedia.org)
- There are four types of behavior management: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment, negative punishment. (wikipedia.org)
- In behavioral terms, positive means addition, negative means removal, reinforcement is anything that increases a behavior, and punishment is anything that decreases a behavior. (wikipedia.org)
- Positive reinforcement is the addition of a stimulus which increases the behavior (like a paycheck). (wikipedia.org)
- Negative reinforcement is the removal of an aversive stimulus that increases the behavior (like Tylenol removes a headache). (wikipedia.org)
- If a behavior is no longer contacting reinforcement, it should extinguish. (wikipedia.org)
- [4] Thus, reinforcement occurs only if there is an observable strengthening in behavior. (wikipedia.org)
Increases1
- Barson found that ethanol increases the same fat-stimulated neuropeptides, orexin and opioids, in the brain and the more ethanol they voluntarily consume, the higher the expression level of these neuropeptides. (wikipedia.org)
Reward1
- The brain includes several distinct dopamine pathways, one of which plays a major role in reward-motivated behavior . (alchetron.com)
Mechanisms2
- To narratively review the available neurobiological data on the mechanisms of central regulation of eating behavior as a rationale to summarize pharmacological strategies for appetite modulation in eating disorders. (consortium-psy.com)
- The progress in neurobiological understanding of the mechanisms of central regulation of appetite opens opportunities for new pharmacotherapeutic approaches aimed at changing the patterns of eating behavior. (consortium-psy.com)
Decrease1
- Positive punishment is an imposition of an aversive stimulus to decrease a behavior. (wikipedia.org)
Intake1
- This brain region, more classically involved in learning and memory, responds to a multitude of interoceptive signals (endocrine, neuropeptidergic) to regulate learned and inhibitory aspects of food intake and other motivated behaviors 13 . (nature.com)
Role1
- The MOR system plays a significant role with regard to hedonic eating behavior and reinforces our emotional responses to appetizing foods. (breakthroughwmt.com)
Brain2
- As with the locomotor cross-sensitization described above, underlying this behavior are presumably neurochemical alterations in the brain, such as adaptations in DA and perhaps opioid functions. (addictiontalkclub.com)
- In different ways, they stimulate the (feel good) mu-opioid receptors (MOR) in the brain. (breakthroughwmt.com)
Studies2
- Since previous studies showed that, just like the opioid enkephalin, galanin and orexin are also stimulated by dietary fats. (wikipedia.org)
- This behavior is seen in studies as an inability to lose weight. (foodaddictionresources.com)
Found1
- This behavior is found in the overweight research. (foodaddictionresources.com)
Types1
- [2] This means that behavior, when given the right types of reinforcers, can be changed for the better and negative behavior can be reinforced away. (wikipedia.org)
Aspects1
- The model of self-regulation has three main aspects of human behavior, which are self-awareness, self-reflection, and self-regulation. (wikipedia.org)
Drug1
- Anhedonia in Mouse Models of Methamphetamine-Induced Drug Seeking Behavior -- 13. (nshealth.ca)
Hypothalamic- pit3
- Other areas with the potential for further investigation include the hypothalamic- pituitary-adrenal axis, opioid peptides, and the renin-angiotensin system. (nih.gov)
- Although not exclusive, several areas have potential for further investigation including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, opioid peptides, the renin-angiotensin system, plus the group of peptides regulating food intake and energy balance, exemplified by leptin and neuropeptide Y. Evidence indicates that hormones regulating food intake (such as leptin and neuropeptide Y) may act upon the same neural circuitry in the brain that controls alcohol consumption. (nih.gov)
- The actions of neuropeptide SF on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and behavior in rats. (harvard.edu)
Dopamine3
- Assessing the contribution of opioid- and dopamine-related genetic polymorphisms to the abuse liability of oxycodone. (cdc.gov)
- When we experience pleasure, it is our own opioid system, rather than our dopamine system, that is being stimulated. (dericbownds.net)
- The functional roles of various systems implicated in stress and reward including opioids dopamine corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) glucocorticoids neuropeptide Y (NPY) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) norepinephrine and cannabinoids have been investigated in the context of alcohol dependence. (conferencedequebec.org)
Instrumental behavior2
- In Experiment 1, using a two-chamber box, a downshift from deionized water (which supports maximal rehydration) to 250-mM sodium chloride solution (which supports a lower rehydration), also yielded a gradual adjustment of instrumental behavior. (bvsalud.org)
- The acquisition of responding with conditioned reinforcement (CR) provides a powerful means of investigating the contribution of Pavlovian conditioning to reinforcement-related instrumental behavior. (jneurosci.org)
Operant3
- In this procedure, animals are trained to self-administer alcohol in an operant task, that behavior is then extinguished (by omitting alcohol as reinforcement for lever pressing), after which exposure to a stressor (e.g., footshock) reinstates lever pressing for alcohol (i.e., alcohol-seeking). (nih.gov)
- Keywords: alcoholism addiction alcohol dependence alcohol (ethanol) vapor operant self-administration compulsive behavior rat review WP1130 Introduction Increased operant alcohol (ethanol) self-administration in rats associated with alcohol dependence WP1130 and withdrawal produced by alcohol vapor exposure was first demonstrated in 1996 (Roberts et al. (conferencedequebec.org)
- Free-choice bottle drinking models capture consummatory aspects whereas operant self-administration is more versatile in modeling different behavioral aspects of alcohol drinking. (conferencedequebec.org)
20191
- Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior 2019 Sep 172778. (cdc.gov)
Neuroimmune1
- applications that focus predominantly on the neuroendocrine or neuroimmune basis of behaviors (including sleep, ingestive behavior, reproductive and affiliative behavior), sleep, and biological rhythms in animal models are reviewed in BNRS. (nih.gov)
Mice3
- We characterized several opioid-related behaviors in mice using a model of vaporized fentanyl self-administration. (nih.gov)
- Repetitive Blast Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Increases Ethanol Sensitivity in Male Mice and Risky Drinking Behavior in Male Combat Veterans. (academic-accelerator.com)
- For example, rats 15 and mice 16 exposed to chronic high-dose alcohol, followed by restraint stress during withdrawal, show higher levels of stress-induced anxiety-like behavior (in the elevated plus maze test) and suppression of social interaction, respectively, compared to their alcohol-naïve counterparts. (nih.gov)
Pharmacology1
- applications focusing on the molecular biology or behavioral pharmacology of opioids and similar compounds in the context of pain are reviewed in NPI. (nih.gov)
Addiction1
- Overall, the results suggest that extended access to opioids leads to addiction-like behavior, and some constructs that are associated with addiction-like behavior may be associated with levels of the proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines IL-17, TNF-, and CCL-4 in blood. (nih.gov)
Arousal1
- When we get the object of our desire (be it a Twinkie or a sexual partner), we engage in consummatory acts that Panksepp says reduce arousal in the brain and temporarily, at least, inhibit our urge to seek. (dericbownds.net)
Escalation1
- 12 However, it is noteworthy that many stress procedures do not produce escalated alcohol drinking in rodents, and there is a paucity of animal models for studying stress-induced escalation of alcohol drinking and related behaviors (e.g., anxiety). (nih.gov)
Suppression3
- NAc inhibition did not disrupt consummatory suppression during a 32-to-2% (Experiment 1) or 8-to-2% sucrose downshift (Experiment 2). (bvsalud.org)
- However, NAc excitation enhanced consummatory suppression during a 32-to-2% sucrose downshift (Experiment 1). (bvsalud.org)
- GPe inhibition caused a trend toward increased consummatory suppression after a 32-to-2% sucrose downshift, whereas GPe excitation eliminated consummatory suppression after an 8-to-2% sucrose downshift (Experiment 3). (bvsalud.org)
Ethanol3
- Barson worked under the mentorship of Sarah Fryer Leibowitz continuing to study the role of opioids and orexin in ethanol consumption and feeding. (wikipedia.org)
- Barson explored this fascinating interconnectivity between fat and ethanol metabolism and their impacts on behavior. (wikipedia.org)
- Barson found that ethanol increases the same fat-stimulated neuropeptides, orexin and opioids, in the brain and the more ethanol they voluntarily consume, the higher the expression level of these neuropeptides. (wikipedia.org)
Behavioral3
- There exists a positive behavioral feedback loop with fat consumption such that fat intake leads to increased consummatory behavior due to orexin and opioid release in the brain. (wikipedia.org)
- Intervention programs with coping skills to handle emotional and behavioral problems is essential to help reduce the probability of an increased risk factors and subsequently lessen the threat for developing cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking behaviors among teenagers. (academic-accelerator.com)
- The Biobehavioral Regulation, Learning, and Ethology Study Section reviews applications on normal and disordered basic biobehavioral processes across the lifespan (prenatal through old age), including learning, homeostatic processes with behavioral outputs, consummatory behavior, social behavior, and substance abuse, primarily in animal models, although relevant work with humans can be reviewed in BRLE. (nih.gov)
Disorder2
- BACKGROUND Interpersonal stressors (ISs) are major factors in relapse in alcohol use disorder (AUD) and are theorized to play a role in drinking behaviors. (academic-accelerator.com)
- This study analyzed the feasibility of ESM via smartphones for monitoring positive affect and behavior in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. (lifedatacorp.com)
Engage1
- BACKGROUND The period of college represents a particularly risky developmental stage with regards to alcohol use, as college students engage in more risky drinking behaviors than their non-college peers, and such problematic alcohol use is associated with far-reaching negative consequences. (academic-accelerator.com)
Substance1
- These include the loss of control over the use of a substance, preoccupation with an abused substance, the use of a substance to cope with stress and negative feelings, and the secrecy and denial surrounding the behavior. (medscape.com)
Identify1
- To investigate potential translational relevance, we also examined self-report responses to the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption Questions (AUDIT-C), a widely used measure to identify potential hazardous drinking and AUD, and used a novel unsupervised machine learning approach to investigate whether a history of blast-mTBI affected drinking behaviors in Iraq/Afghanistan Veterans. (academic-accelerator.com)
Affect1
- The mediating effect of prefrontal asymmetry on the relationship between the COMT Val(158)Met SNP and trait consummatory positive affect. (cdc.gov)
Study3
- This study investigated the relationship between prior experience with TCG and problematic drinking behaviors in emerging adulthood. (academic-accelerator.com)
- PURPOSE This study examined the impact of a drinking reduction program on drinking motivation, drinking refusal self-efficacy, and problematic drinking behaviors in college students with problematic drinking habits. (academic-accelerator.com)
- This EMA study monitored 170 teens aged 14-16 for one month as the researchers studied the relationship between environmental indicators and teen alcohol use/problem behavior. (lifedatacorp.com)
Rewards3
- We then manipulated the discount factor of an MDP agent, which affects the value of immediate versus future rewards, to model impulsive and non-impulsive behavior. (nih.gov)
- Intrinsic rewards are unconditioned rewards that are attractive and motivate behavior because they are inherently pleasurable. (slife.org)
- Extrinsic rewards (e.g., money or seeing one's favorite sports team winning a game) are conditioned rewards that are attractive and motivate behavior, but are not inherently pleasurable. (slife.org)
Reduce1
- Alcohol prevention campaigns targeting youth at early ages can reduce risky drinking behaviors. (academic-accelerator.com)
Year1
- This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Eliminative Behavior, Animal" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by year, and whether "Eliminative Behavior, Animal" was a major or minor topic of these publication. (harvard.edu)
Animal2
- Eliminative Behavior, Animal" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)
- Below are the most recent publications written about "Eliminative Behavior, Animal" by people in Profiles. (harvard.edu)
Major1
- History of major depressive symptoms and alcohol drinking behaviors were assessed via audio-computer-assisted self-interviews. (academic-accelerator.com)