Oocytes and pre implantation stage mammalian embryos pronuclear stage pre implantation embryo. Medical search. Frequent questions

Furthermore, due to ethical and legal concerns, very limited techniques can be applied to human embryos to validate some of significant conclusions drawn from descriptive studies regarding human embryonic development. (nature.com)
2011. Effect of leptin during in vitro maturation of prepubetal calf oocytes: embryonic development and relative mRNA abudances of genes involved in apoptosis and oocyte competence. (ipb.ac.id)
Paternal sperm DNA damage has negative effects on the integrity of early embryonic development as the percentage of good quality embryos as well as implantation rates was significantly reduced in patients exhibiting high DNA damage [ 27 ] and it appears that the second and third mitoses are the sensitive periods [ 28 ]. (hindawi.com)

We show that this histone modification is first enriched at PCH in the whole embryo and evolves into a diffuse distribution in epiblast during its specification and maturation. (sciencegate.app)
The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of leptin supplementation into maturation medium on nuclear maturation and fertilization rate of sheep oocytes. (ipb.ac.id)
At the end of maturation and fertilization processes, the oocytes were stained with 2% aceto orcein to determine nuclear maturation rate and pronuclear development. (ipb.ac.id)
However, the improved maturation rate of oocytes with leptin supplementation at a dose of 10 ng/mL could not improve the fertilization rate of the oocytes. (ipb.ac.id)
2010. Influence of leptin on in vitro maturation and steroidogenic secretion of cumulus-oocyte complexes through JAK2/STAT3 and MEK 1/2 pathways in the rabbit model. (ipb.ac.id)
2004. Leptin enhances oocyte nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation via the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. (ipb.ac.id)
2017. Insuline-Like groeth factor-I concentration in the follicular fluid of bali cattle and its role in the oocyte nuclear maturation and fertilization rate. (ipb.ac.id)
Oocyte maturation and ovum quality in pigs. (ipb.ac.id)
Driancourt MA and Thuel B: Control of oocyte growth and maturation by follicular cells and molecules present in follicular fluid. (spandidos-publications.com)
Levels of maturation-promoting factor (MPF) in oocytes decline after vitrification, and this decline has been suggested as one of the main causes of low developmental competence resulting from cryoinjury. (molcells.org)

The use of a mesh system allows identification of individual embryos by position, and control of their orientation during culture and preparation for light and electron microscopy. (sciencegate.app)
We showed that the extracted criteria could be used to evaluate the differences between individual embryos. (nature.com)

Differential expression analyses were performed between TBLCs and multi-embryonic cell stages to identify differentially expressed genes. (sciencegate.app)

However, robust and large-scale genome-wide reprogramming of DNA methylome occurs during two critical developmental processes: (1) development of primordial germ cells and (2) pre-implantation embryogenesis. (nature.com)
Although the genome-wide DNA demethylation is believed to be a hallmark of mammalian embryogenesis, previous study also indicated that the somatic form of dnmt1 ( dnmt1s ) is actually expressed at each stage of pre-implantation embryos and plays a role in the maintenance of DNA imprinting 8 . (nature.com)
These results strongly suggest the possibility of DNA remethylation during pre-implantation embryogenesis. (nature.com)
To facilitate a quantitative morphological analysis of early mouse development under controlled conditions, a perfusion culture system capable of supporting embryogenesis to blastocyst stage has been developed. (sciencegate.app)
Using QCANet, we were able to extract several quantitative criteria of embryogenesis from 11 early mouse embryos. (nature.com)

In mouse, a unidirectional demethylation process from the zygote stage to blastocyst stage is observed using either reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) or single-base resolution whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) method. (nature.com)
At blastocyst stage, the segregation of the three primordial lineages is accompanied by establishment of differential patterns of DNA methylation and post-translational modifications of histones, such as H3K27me3. (sciencegate.app)
2- to 4-cell and morula- to blastocyst-stage mouse embryos were cultured for 1 h in tritiated leucine at two specific activities and their subsequent development followed in vitro and in vivo (after transfer to recipients), respectively. (sciencegate.app)

Here we report genome-wide composition, patterning, and stage-specific dynamics of DNA methylation in pre-implantation rhesus monkey embryos as well as male and female gametes studied using an optimized tagmentation-based whole-genome bisulfite sequencing method. (nature.com)
In experiment 3, fertilized oocytes were cultured in 25 μL microdroplets (10 gametes/drop) or 500 μL (100 gametes/well) of culture medium in 4-well plates. (e-jarb.org)
[10] While one can consequently interpret Myriad in a way that limits the scope of the Act, it leaves open the question of the patentability of modified human gametes and embryos and the altered or synthetic gene sequencing which could potentially be encompassed within those gametes and embryos. (nyu.edu)

Fertilization was conducted in the oocytes supplemented with 10 ng/mL and control using 5×106 mL-1 spermatozoa. (ipb.ac.id)
In conclusion, the supplementation of leptin at a dose of 10 ng/mL could increase the number of oocytes that reached MII stage, but could not increase the fertilization rate. (ipb.ac.id)
Hasegawa J, Iwasaki S, Yanaihara A, Negishi M, Tahara R and Okai T: Correlations between steroids concentration in follicular fluid, pronuclear morphology and embryo qualities in vitro fertilization. (spandidos-publications.com)
On the one hand, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are mandatory mediators for essential cellular functions including the function of germ cells (oocytes and spermatozoa) and thereby the fertilization process. (hindawi.com)
Furthermore, sperm DNA damage appears to be linked to the most important checkpoints of fertility such as reduced fertilization rates, lower embryo quality and pregnancy rates, higher miscarriage rates, malformations, and childhood diseases [ 22 ]. (hindawi.com)
For example, pre-implantation genetic diagnosis ("PGD") has grown to be a common service at fertility clinics, allowing couples undergoing in vitro fertilization to test multiple embryos for genetic disorders before deciding which one to implant. (nyu.edu)

Thus, maternal UHRF1 regulates the proper cytoplasmic architecture and function of oocytes and preimplantation embryos, likely through a mechanism unrelated to DNA methylation. (life-science-alliance.org)

Mammalian ovaries are endowed with a huge number of small oocytes (primordial oocytes) in primordial follicles. (go.jp)
A small number of primordial oocytes start to grow, while others remain quiescent. (go.jp)
Little is known about the mechanism regulating the activation of primordial oocytes. (go.jp)
We think that primordial oocytes in adult mammals are different from those in neonatal mammals. (go.jp)
In this review, we summarize the results regarding the activation of primordial oocytes in neonatal and adult ovaries of different species and propose a model in which ovaries of neonatal mammals contain a mixed population of both quiescent and activated primordial oocytes, while almost all primordial oocytes are quiescent in adult females. (go.jp)
The dormancy of primordial oocytes may be required to reserve the non-growing oocyte pool for the long reproductive life in mammals. (go.jp)
FOXO3 is considered one of the molecules responsible for the dormancy of primordial oocytes in adult ovaries. (go.jp)
These quiescent primordial oocytes are activated, perhaps by certain mechanisms involving the interaction between stimulatory and inhibitory factors, to enter the growth phase. (go.jp)

in-vitro -matured oocytes were co-incubated with sperm according to a modified two-step culture system. (e-jarb.org)
In the first experiment, oocytes were briefly co-incubated with sperm, washed in IVF medium, and then moved to fresh IVF medium for 5 or 6 h. (e-jarb.org)
In experiment 2, oocytes were inseminated with sperm separated by Pecroll treatment. (e-jarb.org)
Advances in the biotechnology industry have increased scientists' understanding of the human genome and enhanced their ability to genetically modify eggs, sperm, and human embryos. (nyu.edu)

We herein report that oocyte-specific Uhrf1 KO results in impaired chromosome segregation, abnormal cleavage division, and preimplantation lethality of derived embryos. (life-science-alliance.org)

At the 8-cell stage, the embryo becomes compact, and the cells form a spherical mass called a morula. (nature.com)
The space inside the embryo spreads, and the morula becomes a blastocyst. (nature.com)

Thus, we investigated male mouse (m) PRL protein and mRNA expression in spermatozoa at various differentiation stages in the testes. (go.jp)

Most of the current technologies that closely resemble actual genetic selection focus on testing the embryo or fetus to screen for several undesirable physiological genetic characteristics. (nyu.edu)

Unlike in rodents, X chromosome inactivation is not observed during monkey pre-implantation development. (nature.com)
Through the definition of a coordinate system based on mesh structure and the development of a special sectioning procedure, sections can be localized within the intact embryo and three-dimensional coordinates given to any element of embryo volume. (sciencegate.app)
Thus, embryo development is highly dynamic. (nature.com)
Stewart CL: LIF and the regulation of the preimplantation development of the mammalian embryo. (spandidos-publications.com)
Given the current state of research, comprehensive information on the impact of different conditions on IVF and embryo development would greatly contribute to our understanding of how processing methods influence IVF outcomes. (e-jarb.org)

The large volume of medium significantly reduced the number of dead oocytes and increased the rate of blastocyst formation compared to the small volume. (e-jarb.org)

However, UHRF1 is predominantly localized in the cytoplasm of mouse oocytes and preimplantation embryos, where it may play a role unrelated to the nuclear function. (life-science-alliance.org)

To address this question, single-cell RNA sequencing was applied to TBLCs and cells from early mouse embryonic developmental stages and the data were integrated using canonical correlation analyses. (sciencegate.app)
This study underscores the subtle differences between in vitro derived TBLCs and in vivo mouse early developmental cell stages at the single-cell transcriptomic level. (sciencegate.app)
Thus, intrinsic factors governing the developmental potential that diminish during oocyte cryopreservation should be explored. (molcells.org)
Another drawback of oocyte vitrification is diminished developmental potential because of the decreased quality of embryos after warming. (molcells.org)

By the 8-cell stage, remethylation becomes more pronounced than demethylation, resulting in an increase in global DNA methylation. (nature.com)

Cryopreservation of mammalian oocytes has been successfully applied for long-term storage of surplus eggs in mammalian assisted reproductive technology (ART), including in humans. (molcells.org)

Remarkably, a subpopulation within the TBLCs population expressed a high level of the totipotent-related genes Zscan4s and displayed transcriptomic features similar to mouse two-cell stage embryonic cells. (sciencegate.app)
We showed that QCANet can be applied not only to developing mouse embryos but also to developing embryos of two other model species. (nature.com)

If biotech scientists have the ability to manipulate the genes of an embryo or gamete cell for non-therapeutic purposes, it could be argued that these genetically modified cells are in fact patentable "inventions," given that the material was not, in that particular sequence, naturally occurring. (nyu.edu)

They just prevent the already existing human embryo who is traveling through the woman's or young girl's fallopian tube (uterine tube) from eventually implanting in the uterus. (lifeissues.net)
Mahadevan MM and Fleetham J: Relationship of a human oocyte scoring system to oocyte maturity and fertilizing capacity. (spandidos-publications.com)

Along with polyspermy, the suboptimal quality of IVF-derived pig embryos poses another challenge that needs to be addressed for in vitro production systems. (e-jarb.org)

Moreover, the dynamic of H3K27me3 at PCH during in vitro conversion from naïve to primed pluripotent state and during ESCs derivation suggests that the mechanisms underlying the control of this histone mark at PCH are different in embryo and in vitro. (sciencegate.app)
Percoll treatment increased the rate of oocyte penetration and blastocyst formation compared to the control. (e-jarb.org)

Collected MII oocytes were vitrified and divided into four groups: untreated, 10 mM caffeine (CA), 10 μM MG132 (MG), and 10 mM caffeine +10 μM MG132 (CA+MG). After warming, the MPF activity of oocytes and their blastocyst formation and implantation rates in the CA, MG, and CA+MG groups were much higher than those in the untreated group. (molcells.org)

Currently, the ability to culture in vitro totipotent cells possessing molecular and functional features like those of an early embryo in vivo has been a challenge. (sciencegate.app)
In early embryos, cells are loosely connected to each other. (nature.com)
For time-lapse observation of early-stage D rosophila embryos, Keller et al. (nature.com)

Evidence continues to suggest that ART does increase risk of higher order pregnancy (with its inherent pre- and perinatal risks), prematurity and low birth weight, congenital malformations, in particular of the male urogenital system, and imprinting disorders [ 23 - 26 ]. (hindawi.com)

Promoters of genes associated with oxidative phosphorylation are preferentially remethylated at the 8-cell stage, suggesting that this mode of energy metabolism may not be favored. (nature.com)
In 1-cell and 2-cell embryos Dnmt1s is derived from the oocyte, whereas from the 2-cell stage onward the embryo starts to synthesize its own Dnmt1s 8 . (nature.com)
Quantitative evaluation of tissue-processing procedures has permitted selection of conditions which reduce changes in linear dimensions to −1·6 ± 1·8 % in two-cell embryos. (sciencegate.app)

Browne RW, Bloom MS, Shelly WB, Ocque AJ, Huddleston HG and Fujimoto VY: Follicular fluid high density lipoprotein-associated micronutrient levels are associated with embryo fragmentation during IVF. (spandidos-publications.com)

Indeed, for cryopreservation, oocytes should be exposed to multiple CPAs and allowed extra incubation and recovery time. (molcells.org)

To analyse the time-series 3D microscopic images of developing embryos with fluorescently labelled nuclei, these studies used image segmentation. (nature.com)

Because the cells in embryos are considerably crowded, an algorithm to segment individual cells in detail and accurately is needed. (nature.com)

Anatomy45

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Phenomena and Processes63

Disciplines and Occupations2

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