This study was conducted to evaluate in vivo and in vitro development of in vitro-matured equine oocytes fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection. (bioone.org)
Removal of sperm tail using trypsin and pre-activation of oocyte facilitates intracytoplasmic sperm injection in mice and rats. (stanford.edu)
Vitro fertilization2
BACKGROUND: Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) is widely used as an embryo selection technique in in vitro fertilization (IVF), but its effectiveness and potential beneficiary populations are unclear. (bvsalud.org)
For example, pre-implantation genetic diagnosis ("PGD") has grown to be a common service at fertility clinics, allowing couples undergoing in vitro fertilization to test multiple embryos for genetic disorders before deciding which one to implant. (nyu.edu)
Extra-embryonic2
In mice, PGCs originate from the proximal epiblast, close to the extra-embryonic ectoderm (ExE), of the post-implantation embryo as early as embryonic day 6.5. (wikipedia.org)
The early mammalian embryo consists of the extra-embryonic cell layers-the trophoblast and a body of cells called the inner cell mass (ICM), which eventually become the embryo proper. (thefutureofthings.com)
Germ4
However, robust and large-scale genome-wide reprogramming of DNA methylome occurs during two critical developmental processes: (1) development of primordial germ cells and (2) pre-implantation embryogenesis. (nature.com)
In the mouse, primordial germ cells (PGCs) arise in the posterior primitive streak of the embryo and start to migrate around 6.25 days after conception. (wikipedia.org)
Mammalian PGCs are specified by signalling between cells (induction), rather than by the segregation of germ plasm as the embryo divides. (wikipedia.org)
On the one hand, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are mandatory mediators for essential cellular functions including the function of germ cells (oocytes and spermatozoa) and thereby the fertilization process. (hindawi.com)
Embryonic3
Furthermore, due to ethical and legal concerns, very limited techniques can be applied to human embryos to validate some of significant conclusions drawn from descriptive studies regarding human embryonic development. (nature.com)
Paternal sperm DNA damage has negative effects on the integrity of early embryonic development as the percentage of good quality embryos as well as implantation rates was significantly reduced in patients exhibiting high DNA damage [ 27 ] and it appears that the second and third mitoses are the sensitive periods [ 28 ]. (hindawi.com)
Sperm5
Oocytes were collected from slaughterhouse-derived ovaries, matured in vitro, and injected with frozen-thawed stallion sperm. (bioone.org)
however, the use of activated oocytes resulted in the same fecundity as that of fresh, untreated sperm. (stanford.edu)
The model identified that the presence of motile sperm during mTESE, bigger testes, higher endometrial thickness on the day of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) administration (ET-hCG), and higher quality embryos are associated with higher live birth delivery success rates. (bvsalud.org)
Furthermore, sperm DNA damage appears to be linked to the most important checkpoints of fertility such as reduced fertilization rates, lower embryo quality and pregnancy rates, higher miscarriage rates, malformations, and childhood diseases [ 22 ]. (hindawi.com)
Advances in the biotechnology industry have increased scientists' understanding of the human genome and enhanced their ability to genetically modify eggs, sperm, and human embryos. (nyu.edu)
Blastocyst2
In mouse, a unidirectional demethylation process from the zygote stage to blastocyst stage is observed using either reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) or single-base resolution whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) method. (nature.com)
Collected MII oocytes were vitrified and divided into four groups: untreated, 10 mM caffeine (CA), 10 μM MG132 (MG), and 10 mM caffeine +10 μM MG132 (CA+MG). After warming, the MPF activity of oocytes and their blastocyst formation and implantation rates in the CA, MG, and CA+MG groups were much higher than those in the untreated group. (molcells.org)
Fertilization2
These protease-induced decreases in IGFBP-4 and -5 likely cause increased levels of bioavailable (or free) IGFs that stimulate steroidogenesis and mitogenesis in developing dominant follicles, which ultimately prepare the follicle(s) and oocyte(s) for successful ovulation and fertilization. (bioone.org)
1998. Influence of organochlorine pesticides on maturation and post-fertilization development of bovine oocytes in vitro . (cdc.gov)
Maturation1
Levels of maturation-promoting factor (MPF) in oocytes decline after vitrification, and this decline has been suggested as one of the main causes of low developmental competence resulting from cryoinjury. (molcells.org)
Rhesus3
Here we report genome-wide composition, patterning, and stage-specific dynamics of DNA methylation in pre-implantation rhesus monkey embryos as well as male and female gametes studied using an optimized tagmentation-based whole-genome bisulfite sequencing method. (nature.com)
We therefore decided to investigate comprehensively the global and high-resolution DNA methylation dynamics during early development of a non-human primate (rhesus monkey, Macaca mulatta ). (nature.com)
As a unique functional test of these iPSCs, we injected them into the pre-implantation embryos of another non-human species, rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). (stanford.edu)
Ovaries3
Mammalian ovaries are endowed with a huge number of small oocytes (primordial oocytes) in primordial follicles. (go.jp)
In this review, we summarize the results regarding the activation of primordial oocytes in neonatal and adult ovaries of different species and propose a model in which ovaries of neonatal mammals contain a mixed population of both quiescent and activated primordial oocytes, while almost all primordial oocytes are quiescent in adult females. (go.jp)
FOXO3 is considered one of the molecules responsible for the dormancy of primordial oocytes in adult ovaries. (go.jp)
Primordial5
A small number of primordial oocytes start to grow, while others remain quiescent. (go.jp)
Little is known about the mechanism regulating the activation of primordial oocytes. (go.jp)
The dormancy of primordial oocytes may be required to reserve the non-growing oocyte pool for the long reproductive life in mammals. (go.jp)
These quiescent primordial oocytes are activated, perhaps by certain mechanisms involving the interaction between stimulatory and inhibitory factors, to enter the growth phase. (go.jp)
Physiological1
Most of the current technologies that closely resemble actual genetic selection focus on testing the embryo or fetus to screen for several undesirable physiological genetic characteristics. (nyu.edu)
Development5
Unlike in rodents, X chromosome inactivation is not observed during monkey pre-implantation development. (nature.com)
In vivo development was assessed after transfer of injected oocytes to the oviducts of recipient mares. (bioone.org)
As our closest living relatives, non-human primates uniquely enable explorations of human health, disease, development, and evolution. (stanford.edu)
Influence of organochlorine pesticides on development of mouse embryos in vitro . (cdc.gov)
1999. Methoxychlor given in the pre- implantation period blocks sexual arousal in male mice. (cdc.gov)
Fertility1
The posterior pole of the embryo contains necessary materials for the fertility of the fly. (wikipedia.org)
Somatic1
Although the genome-wide DNA demethylation is believed to be a hallmark of mammalian embryogenesis, previous study also indicated that the somatic form of dnmt1 ( dnmt1s ) is actually expressed at each stage of pre-implantation embryos and plays a role in the maintenance of DNA imprinting 8 . (nature.com)
Eggs1
Cryopreservation of mammalian oocytes has been successfully applied for long-term storage of surplus eggs in mammalian assisted reproductive technology (ART), including in humans. (molcells.org)
Genetically1
If biotech scientists have the ability to manipulate the genes of an embryo or gamete cell for non-therapeutic purposes, it could be argued that these genetically modified cells are in fact patentable "inventions," given that the material was not, in that particular sequence, naturally occurring. (nyu.edu)
Mouse2
By E7.5 a founding population of approximately 40 PGCs are generated in this region of the epiblast in the developing mouse embryo. (wikipedia.org)
Thus, we investigated male mouse (m) PRL protein and mRNA expression in spermatozoa at various differentiation stages in the testes. (go.jp)
Human3
Considerable effort has thus been devoted to generating induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from multiple non-human primate species. (stanford.edu)
In summary, we disclose transcriptomic and proteomic data, cell lines, and cell culture resources that may be broadly enabling for non-human primate iPSCs research. (stanford.edu)
[10] While one can consequently interpret Myriad in a way that limits the scope of the Act, it leaves open the question of the patentability of modified human gametes and embryos and the altered or synthetic gene sequencing which could potentially be encompassed within those gametes and embryos. (nyu.edu)
Cell3
By the 8-cell stage, remethylation becomes more pronounced than demethylation, resulting in an increase in global DNA methylation. (nature.com)
Promoters of genes associated with oxidative phosphorylation are preferentially remethylated at the 8-cell stage, suggesting that this mode of energy metabolism may not be favored. (nature.com)
In 1-cell and 2-cell embryos Dnmt1s is derived from the oocyte, whereas from the 2-cell stage onward the embryo starts to synthesize its own Dnmt1s 8 . (nature.com)
Damage1
Pre-activated oocytes were more resistant to physical damage, showed higher survival rates, and required less time per injection. (stanford.edu)
Quality1
Another drawback of oocyte vitrification is diminished developmental potential because of the decreased quality of embryos after warming. (molcells.org)
Methods1
METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent their first oocyte retrieval cycles at CITIC-Xiangya between January 2016 and November 2019, and the associated fresh and thawed embryo transfer cycles up to November 30, 2020. (bvsalud.org)
Activation1
Testing this method in rats yielded similar results, although the oocyte activation method was different. (stanford.edu)
Thus, intrinsic factors governing the developmental potential that diminish during oocyte cryopreservation should be explored. (molcells.org)
Higher1
Evidence continues to suggest that ART does increase risk of higher order pregnancy (with its inherent pre- and perinatal risks), prematurity and low birth weight, congenital malformations, in particular of the male urogenital system, and imprinting disorders [ 23 - 26 ]. (hindawi.com)
Transfer2
Mares were killed 7.5-8.5 days after transfer and the uterus and oviducts flushed for embryo recovery. (bioone.org)
Purpose: To evaluate the impact of serum LH levels prior to progestin administration on the outcomes of programmed frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles. (bvsalud.org)
Results1
These results strongly suggest the possibility of DNA remethylation during pre-implantation embryogenesis. (nature.com)