Proto-oncogeneSerineSubunitTyrosine kinasesHomologCaseinViralPathwayIntracellularPyruvate kinaseEncodesReceptorsCytoplasmicInhibitorNucleotideRELAGTPaseGenesMotifsProliferationMRNA and protein levelsSubfamilyCyclinFamilySuperfamilyBreast cancerDifferent isoformsIsoformsRHOAActivatePathwaysActivationDownstreamNeuronalMULTIPLE MYELOMABoundAKT2TranscriptActivitySubunitsPancreaticTumor proteinSecreted frizzled-related
Proto-oncogene4
- Association of the proto-oncogene product dbl with G protein betagamma subunits. (embl-heidelberg.de)
- JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 trans. (gsea-msigdb.org)
- By interacting with its membrane receptor (CSF1R or M-CSF-R encoded by the c-fms proto-oncogene), M-CSF also modulates the proliferation of earlier hematopoietic progenitors and influence numerous physiological processes involved in immunology, metabolism, fertility and pregnancy. (meddic.jp)
- Cbl proto-oncogene [Source:HGNC Sym. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Serine3
- The protein encoded by the casein kinase 1 epsilon gene is a serine/threonine protein kinase and a member of the casein kinase I protein family, whose members have been implicated in the control of cytoplasmic and nuclear processes, including DNA replication and repair. (wikipedia.org)
- This gene is a putative oncogene encoding a protein belonging to a subfamily of serine/threonine kinases containing SH2-like (Src homology 2-like) domains. (origene.com)
- Shortly before birth, BDNF activates NF-κB by an atypical mechanism that involves tyrosine phosphorylation of IκBα by Src family kinases, and dephosphorylates p65 at serine 536. (silverchair.com)
Subunit3
- The protein associates with the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and interacts with the fyn-binding protein. (cancerindex.org)
- hemoglobin subunit epsilon 1 [Sourc. (gsea-msigdb.org)
- Gα13 (GNA13) is the α subunit of a heterotrimeric G protein that mediates signaling through specific G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). (biomedcentral.com)
Tyrosine kinases2
- Phosphorylated ITAM motifs on CD3 recruit and activate SH2 domain-containing protein tyrosine kinases (PTK) such as Zap70 to further mediate downstream signalling through tyrosine phosphorylation, leading to transcription factor activation including NF-κB and consequent T cell activation. (wikidoc.org)
- How receptor tyrosine kinases activate Ras. (wikidata.org)
Homolog1
- NF-kB P65 is also known as RelA (v-rel avian reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A) and belongs to the Rel family of proteins. (thermofisher.com)
Casein6
- Casein kinase I isoform epsilon or CK1ε, is an enzyme that is encoded by the CSNK1E gene in humans. (wikipedia.org)
- therefore, this kinase is very similar to other members of the casein kinase 1 family, of which there are seven mammalian isoforms (α, β, γ1, γ2, γ3, δ and ε). (wikipedia.org)
- It was officially identified as an isoform of the casein kinase 1 family. (wikipedia.org)
- Like other casein kinase 1 protein family members, casein kinase 1 epsilon recognizes the Ser(p)XXSer/Thr motif for phosphorylation. (wikipedia.org)
- The Casein kinase 1 epsilon protein is part of the mammalian oscillator, a group of proteins that keep cells on a roughly 24-hour schedule. (wikipedia.org)
- Here we identify CSNK1E , the gene encoding casein kinase 1 epsilon (CK1ε) as required specifically for the proliferation of breast cancer cells with activated β-catenin and confirm its role as a positive regulator of β-catenin-driven transcription. (plos.org)
Viral2
- HIV-1 uses CD4 to gain entry into host T-cells and achieves this through its viral envelope protein known as gp120 . (wikidoc.org)
- Following a structural change in another viral protein ( gp41 ), HIV inserts a fusion peptide into the host cell that allows the outer membrane of the virus to fuse with the cell membrane . (wikidoc.org)
Pathway5
- To exhaustively evaluate differentially expressed proteins, we used a number of proteomic tools including gene ontology classification, pathway and network analysis, Novoseek data mining, and chromosome gene mapping. (nih.gov)
- In a conventional activation pathway, I-kappa-B is phosphorylated by I-kappa-B kinases (IKKs) in response to different activators, subsequently degraded thus liberating the active NF-kappa-B complex which translocates to the nucleus. (hmdb.ca)
- Closer study of an R-Ras regulated pathway containing the signaling protein ROCK1 showed that inhibition of either R-Ras, R-Ras2 or ROCK1 similarly impaired cellular migration and invasion and altered cellular morphology. (biomedcentral.com)
- Plays a role in the insulin receptor signaling pathway and in activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. (wuxibiortus.com)
- Its molecular interactions were determined through KEGG analysis, and real-time PCR-based expression analysis was performed to assess its co-expression with another oncogenic cellular pathway (miR-223, KLF9, and PKCε) proteins in ovarian cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
Intracellular4
- Inhibition of R-Ras/R-Ras2 and ROCK1 signaling also triggered the accumulation of abnormal intracellular vesicles, indicating that these signaling molecules regulate the movement of proteins and other molecules in the cellular interior. (biomedcentral.com)
- Its activity is directed by intracellular signals mediated by various types of receptors such as G protein-coupled receptors. (embl-heidelberg.de)
- The short cytoplasmic / intracellular tail (C) of CD4 contains a special sequence of amino acids that allow it to recruit and interact with the tyrosine kinase Lck . (wikidoc.org)
- The resulting close proximity between the TCR complex and CD4 (extracellular and intracellular) allows the tyrosine kinase Lck bound to the cytoplasmic tail of CD4 to tyrosine-phosphorylate the Immunoreceptor tyrosine activation motifs (ITAM) on the cytoplasmic domains of CD3 to amplify the signal generated by the TCR. (wikidoc.org)
Pyruvate kinase1
- Utilization of complementary proteomic tools revealed that several of the proteins such as mucin 6 (MUC6), bile salt-activated lipase (CEL), and pyruvate kinase lysozyme M1/M2 with significant differential expression have strong association with pancreatic cancer. (nih.gov)
Encodes2
- It encodes a membrane-associated tyrosine kinase that has been implicated in the control of cell growth. (cancerindex.org)
- The Omicron variant is the most divergent, displaying more mutations than previous SARS-CoV-2 variants, particularly in the gene that encodes the spike protein. (bvsalud.org)
Receptors2
- Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts downstream of cell surface receptors for growth factors and plays a role in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, microtubule assembly, lamellipodia formation, cell adhesion, cell migration and chemotaxis. (wuxibiortus.com)
- Efforts to understand the genes and signaling pathways that promote tumor invasion and metastasis have revealed that several G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and their respective ligands function as metastatic drivers in breast as well other cancer types [ 2 - 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Cytoplasmic3
- NFKB1 appears to have dual functions such as cytoplasmic retention of attached NF-kappa-B proteins by p105 and generation of p50 by a cotranslational processing. (hmdb.ca)
- We examined the activation of cytoplasmic signaling pathways in the presence and absence of R-Ras signaling and found that R-Ras proteins regulated 13 signaling pathways distinct from those regulated by classic Ras proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
- They have also been shown to migrate to the cytoplasm to modulate cytoplasmic proteins and RNA function [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Inhibitor1
- Cells were transfected with doxycycline-inducible vectors expressing either a pan-inhibitor of the R-Ras subfamily [dominant negative (DN) R-Ras] or enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP). (biomedcentral.com)
Nucleotide4
- Small G-proteins, monomeric GTPases, or the RAS (Rat sarcoma) superfamily are a large family of small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins with molecular weights ranging from 20 to 30 kDa [ 1 , 2 ]. (oncotarget.com)
- Activation of Rho proteins through release of bound GDP and subsequent binding of GTP, is catalysed by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) in the Dbl family. (embl-heidelberg.de)
- The guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) Dbl targets Rho family proteins thereby stimulating their GDP/GTP exchange, and thus is believed to be involved in receptor-mediated regulation of the proteins. (embl-heidelberg.de)
- A Drosophila SH2-SH3 adaptor protein implicated in coupling the sevenless tyrosine kinase to an activator of Ras guanine nucleotide exchange, Sos. (wikidata.org)
RELA1
- NF- kappa-B is a homo- or heterodimeric complex formed by the Rel-like domain-containing proteins RELA/p65, RELB, NFKB1/p105, NFKB1/p50, REL and NFKB2/p52 and the heterodimeric p65-p50 complex appears to be most abundant one. (hmdb.ca)
GTPase2
- Loss of the Ras GTPase-activating protein neurofibromin promotes nervous system tumor pathogenesis in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). (biomedcentral.com)
- Rho GTPase activating protein 35 [S. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Genes3
- Genes selected in supervised analyses to discriminate cells expressing activated HRAS [GeneID=3265] oncogene from control cells expressing GFP. (gsea-msigdb.org)
- Briefly, miRNAs are expected to account for 1-5% of the human genome and to interfere with at least 30% of the protein-coding genes ( 4 , 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
- They are important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression in plants, metazoans, and mammals, and are predicted to control the activity of 30% of all protein-coding genes [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Motifs2
- Certain kinase-related structural motifs were subsequently confirmed, such as a β-strand-turn-β-strand motif that anchors ATP, a DFG motif that orients ATP's phosphates, a catalytic loop that resembles that of PKA, and major substrate recognition sites in the C-terminal domain. (wikipedia.org)
- It does not share significant sequence homology with other subtypes of small G-protein GEF motifs such as the Cdc25 domain and the Sec7 domain, which specifically interact with Ras and ARF family small GTPases, respectively, nor with other Rho protein interactive motifs, indicating that the Dbl family proteins are evolutionarily unique. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Proliferation4
- We have shown that classic Ras proteins promote proliferation and survival, but not migration, in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) cells. (biomedcentral.com)
- We assessed the expression and activation of these proteins in MPNST cells and inhibited them to determine the effect this had on proliferation, migration, invasion, survival and the phosphoproteome. (biomedcentral.com)
- We have previously shown that three related Ras proteins (the classic Ras proteins) are highly activated in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) cells with neurofibromin loss and that they drive cancer cell proliferation and survival by activating multiple cellular signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
- Bae KM, Wang H, Jiang G, Chen MG, Lu L, Xiao L. Protein kinase C epsilon is overexpressed in primary human non-small cell lung cancers and functionally required for proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer cells in a p21/Cip1-dependent manner. (famri.org)
MRNA and protein levels2
- This oscillator, or "circadian clock," is made up of a transcription-translation feedback loop (TTFL) in which several proteins work in tandem, each regulating the others' expression to generate a roughly 24-hour cycle of both mRNA and protein levels. (wikipedia.org)
- Ectopic expression of miR-31 in MDA-MB-231 cells significantly reduced GNA13 mRNA and protein levels, as well as GNA13-3′-UTR-reporter activity. (biomedcentral.com)
Subfamily1
- Neurofibromin loss potentially hyperactivates classic Ras (H-Ras, N-Ras, K-Ras), M-Ras, and R-Ras (R-Ras, R-Ras2/TC21) subfamily proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Cyclin1
- cyclin dependent kinase 2 interacti. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Family9
- This gene is a member of the protein-tyrosine kinase oncogene family. (cancerindex.org)
- The proteins encoded by members of the Dbl family share a common domain, presented in this entry, of about 200 residues (designated the Dbl homology or DH domain) that has been shown to encode a GEF activity specific for a number of Rho family members. (embl-heidelberg.de)
- The Rho family of GTP-binding proteins has been implicated in the regulation of various cellular functions including actin cytoskeleton-dependent morphological change. (embl-heidelberg.de)
- An amino-terminal portion conserved among a subset of Dbl family proteins is sufficient for the binding of Gbetagamma. (embl-heidelberg.de)
- Proteins from this family, due to their multidirectional activity, participate both in the processes regulating tissues homeostasis, but also play a role in various states of pathology, also in neoplasmic process.The data available do not allow an unequivocal assessment of the role of IL-17 family proteins in the course of neoplasmic disease. (czytelniamedyczna.pl)
- Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a member of the neurotrophin family of secreted signalling proteins that plays a crucial role in regulating both neuronal survival and the growth of neural processes in the developing nervous system ( Bibel and Barde,2001 ). (silverchair.com)
- This is held in a latent form in the cytoplasm by interaction with a member of the IκB inhibitory family of proteins, of which IκBα is the most prevalent. (silverchair.com)
- A family of LIC vectors for high-throughput cloning and purification of proteins. (dnasu.org)
- A common feature of all three GPCRs is that they can couple to the G12 family of heterotrimeric G proteins [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Superfamily1
- Like all members of the Ras superfamily, the Rho proteins cycle between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound conformational states. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Breast cancer2
- Expression analysis of miRNAs predicted to bind the 3′-UTR of GNA13 revealed that miR-31 exhibited an inverse correlation to GNA13 protein expression in breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
- Buoso E, Masi M, Long A, Chiappini C, Travelli C, Govoni S, Racchi M., Ribosomes as a nexus between translation and cancer progression: Focus on ribosomal Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1 (RACK1) in breast cancer. (tcd.ie)
Different isoforms1
- Four transcript variants encoding three different isoforms (a proteoglycan, glycoprotein and cell surface protein) [2] have been found for this gene. (meddic.jp)
Isoforms1
- Only the delta and epsilon isoforms have been shown to play an important role in circadian rhythm regulation. (wikipedia.org)
RHOA1
- Chemical genetics reveals the requirement for Polo-like kinase 1 activity in positioning RhoA and triggering cytokinesis in human cells. (famri.org)
Activate1
- SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins fail to activate human dendritic cells or "" T cells. (tcd.ie)
Pathways3
- What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
- R-Ras proteins function distinctly from classic Ras proteins by regulating distinct signaling pathways that promote MPNST tumorigenesis by mediating migration and invasion. (biomedcentral.com)
- Fault tolerance in protein interaction networks: stable bipartite subgraphs and redundant pathways. (leibniz-fli.de)
Activation2
- Mutations of the NF1 gene potentially results in the activation of multiple Ras proteins, which are key regulators of many biologic effects. (biomedcentral.com)
- Here, we examined the expression, activation and action of R-Ras proteins in MPNST cells that have lost neurofibromin. (biomedcentral.com)
Downstream1
- Acts downstream of the activated FCER1 receptor and plays a role in FCER1 (high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor)-mediated signaling in mast cells. (wuxibiortus.com)
Neuronal1
- Our previous study has shown that CCAAT-enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) is an important regulator in METH-induced neuronal autophagy and apoptosis. (cancerindex.org)
MULTIPLE MYELOMA1
- An abnormal protein with unusual thermosolubility characteristics that is found in the urine of patients with MULTIPLE MYELOMA. (lookformedical.com)
Bound1
- The active form of the protein is found extracellularly as a disulfide-linked homodimer, and is thought to be produced by proteolytic cleavage of membrane-bound precursors. (meddic.jp)
AKT21
- Full length human recombinant protein of human AKT2 (NP_001617) produced in HEK293T cell. (origene.com)
Transcript2
- Previous studies have demonstrated that DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 (DDIT4), Trib3 (tribbles pseudo kinase 3), alpha-synuclein (α-syn) are involved in METH-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity. (cancerindex.org)
- Our former study using gene expression microarray revealed the non-protein coding RNAs (ncRNAs) - nuclear-enriched Abundant Transcript 1 (NEAT1) elevated in peripheral blood from patients with CRC compared with healthy participants [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Activity2
- This autophosphorylation occurs in the protein's C-Terminal domain, a region believed to behave as a pseudosubstrate, and inhibits kinase activity. (wikipedia.org)
- Conversely, blocking miR-31 activity in MCF-10a cells induced GNA13 mRNA, protein and 3′-UTR reporter activity. (biomedcentral.com)
Subunits2
- Here, we show the association of Dbl with G protein betagamma subunits (Gbetagamma) in transient co-expression and cell-free systems. (embl-heidelberg.de)
- Heterotrimeric G-proteins, consisting of Gα, Gβ and Gγ subunits are the major effector molecules of GPCR signaling. (biomedcentral.com)
Pancreatic1
- In this study, we characterized glycoproteins and nonglycoproteins on pooled mucinous (n = 10) and nonmucinous (n = 10) pancreatic cyst fluid to identify "proteins of interest" to differentiate between mucinous cyst from nonmucinous cyst and investigate these proteins as potential biomarker targets. (nih.gov)
Tumor protein1
- Discovery and optimization of chromenotriazolopyrimidines as potent inhibitors of the mouse double minute 2-tumor protein 53 protein-protein interaction. (leibniz-fli.de)
Secreted frizzled-related1
- In addition to ligand-regulated degradation of β-catenin, Wnt signaling is antagonized by extracellular factors that inhibit the ability of Wnt ligands to bind to Fzd and initiate signaling, such as the secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRP1, WNT inhibitory factor (WIF) and dickkopf (DKK) [3] . (plos.org)