• Clearance of small intestinal crypts involves goblet cell mucus secretion by intracellular granule rupture and enterocyte ion transport. (gu.se)
  • A number of processes are essential to maintain effective MCC including regulation of ion channel activity, ciliary beat frequency (CBF), mucin expression and secretion and mucus viscosity [ 8 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • exocytosis mast cell mucin mucus Munc18 secretion Peritoneal MCs were isolated. (silverchair.com)
  • There, mucin 2, along with small amounts of related-mucin proteins, polymerizes into a gel of which 80% by weight is oligosaccharide side-chains that are added as post-translational modifications to the mucin proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • 4 The proteins that occur in the mucus, including lactoferrin, lysozyme, and secretory IgA, are part of this defence system. (bmj.com)
  • Mucus is a hydrogel composed of water, salts, large mucin polymers, non-mucin proteins, lipids, and cellular debris [ 9 ] [ 10 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Purified CysD-IgG and CysD(2TR)-IgG fusion proteins were cleaved with EKMax™ for 15 h at 37°C in EKMax™ Reaction Buffer [50 mM Tris/HCl (pH 8.0), 1 mM CaCl 2 and 0.1% Tween 20 (Invitrogen)] at 1:100 (enzyme/substrate ratio. (silverchair.com)
  • The four core proteins of the ESX-5 complex (EccB5, EccC5, EccD5 and EccE5) assemble with equimolar stoichiometry into an oligomeric assembly that displays six-fold symmetry. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • Mucin 2, oligomeric mucus gel-forming, also known as MUC2, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MUC2 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • IPF mucus cells expressed MUC5B but low levels of MUC5AC and MUC2, a profile typical of submucosal glands. (bmj.com)
  • Methods Pathways governing airway mucus cell differentiation include SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 (SOX2), Notch, forkhead box A3(FOXA3)/SAM pointed domain containing ETS transcription factor (SPDEF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and the EGF-related neuregulins NRG1α and NRG1β. (bmj.com)
  • In many CLDs, the most obvious clinical symptoms are related to airway mucus, its excessive production, and an inability to clear it. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Mucus cells lining abnormal airways from patients with IPF expressed MUC5B and SOX2 but lacked SAM pointed domain containing ETS transcription factor (SPDEF) and forkhead box A3(FOXA3). (bmj.com)
  • MUC5B mucin, its reduced subunit. (silverchair.com)
  • N -acetylcysteine ​​(NAC) is a potent mucolytic agent that reduces mucus viscosity and elasticity. (ijrc.in)
  • In this work, pathways governing mucus cell differentiation were investigated in lung tissues from patients with IPF and other chronic pulmonary disorders. (bmj.com)
  • Neuregulin1α, which drives mucus cell differentiation in vitro, was expressed in normal airway submucosal glands and in lungs from patients with IPF. (bmj.com)
  • In addition, COPD is associated with oxidative stress, which causes inactivation of antiproteases, airspace epithelial damage, mucus hypersecretion, neutrophil influx into the lungs, activation of transcription factors, and increased gene expression of proinflammatory mediators. (ijrc.in)
  • Mucinases are enzymes capable of degrading mucins (the complex high molecular weight molecules that are the major non-aqueous components of mucous gels). (bmj.com)
  • Mucus hypersecretion is an important phenotype in COPD. (ijrc.in)
  • Mucin 2 is particularly prominent in the gut where it is secreted from goblet cells in the epithelial lining into the lumen of the large intestine. (wikipedia.org)
  • The mucosal surface of the airway is composed of epithelial cells, many of which are ciliated, and is coated with a thin apical layer of mucus, resident and recruited immune cells, and the inhaled contents of the airway lumen. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • This leads to mucostasis and the build-up of mucus plaques and plugs in the airway lumen, producing muco-obstructive lung disease. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • This combination of NAC 600 + lactoferrin 50 mg offers synergistic effects and reduces mucus hypersecretion (as a mucolytic agent). (ijrc.in)
  • Under normal conditions, water makes up 97-98% of mucus, producing a loose and mobile gel that ably protects the airway surface from inhaled pathogens and toxins, which are removed from the airways by ciliary beat and cough. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • The inciting causes of these original changes in the airways, mucus composition and MCC, vary between the different muco-obstructive lung diseases (environmental factors, recurrent infection, genetic mutations to ion channels etc.), but they share pathological mechanisms, many of which are mediated or modulated by proteases. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Partial or complete degradation of mucin molecules by microbial enzymes is often a fundamental step in disruption of defensive mucosal barriers, as these constitute direct interfaces between internal and external environments. (bmj.com)
  • This gene encodes a member of the mucin protein family. (wikipedia.org)
  • The protein encoded by this gene, also called mucin 2, is secreted onto mucosal surfaces. (wikipedia.org)
  • Proteases and Mucus" Encyclopedia , https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/10485 (accessed December 09, 2023). (encyclopedia.pub)
  • John K. SHEEHAN We have developed a new approach to study the molecular organization of salivary mucus and salivary mucins using confocal fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (confocal-FRAP). (silverchair.com)
  • 1, 2 This review approaches the role of mucin degrading enzymes from the potential interaction of micro-organisms with the cervical mucus barrier, and discusses the contribution that mucin degrading enzymes may make to microbial colonisation of the reproductive tract. (bmj.com)
  • The mucin 2 protein features a central domain containing tandem repeats rich in threonine and proline that varies between 50 and 115 copies in different individuals. (wikipedia.org)
  • extracellular matrix protein 2 [Source. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • Immunostaining for components of those pathways and mucins were performed on lung tissue obtained from patients with IPF (n=20), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n=13), idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension (n=5) and from organ donors (n=6). (bmj.com)
  • Within the lung, serine, cysteine and metalloproteases have received the most attention to date [ 1 ] [ 2 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • The possible contribution of mucin degrading enzymes to the pathogenesis of infection is, therefore, not to be underestimated. (bmj.com)
  • The osmotic pressure of this hyper-concentrated mucus layer can exceed that of the subjacent periciliary layer, causing compression and flattening of the cilia, resulting in impaired ciliary beating and reduced mucus clearance. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • The role of hydrolytic enzymes in the pathogenesis of sexually transmitted diseases and their effect on cervical mucus are discussed in this review. (bmj.com)
  • The authors sought to identify mechanisms driving the differentiation of mucus cells during the bronchiolisation process. (bmj.com)
  • The Notch target, HES1, was present in mucus cells from all groups. (bmj.com)
  • 3 In the female reproductive tract a primary function of the cervical mucus is the defence of the upper reproductive tract from microbial invasion. (bmj.com)
  • A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is anthracene-9,10-dione in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 1 and 2. (mcw.edu)
  • Actually the suggested location is only 1-2 km from our department. (lu.se)
  • Despite substantial improvements in diagnosis and treatment, the prognosis of GC patients is still poor [ 2 ]. (portlandpress.com)