Measurement of mRNA for three genes [interferon-stimulated gene 15 kDa protein (Isg15), myxovirus resistance gene 2 (Mx2), and 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (Oas1)] that are up-regulated in response to IFNT was used to diagnose pregnancy in cows and heifers. (umsystem.edu)
ABSTRACT This proposal aims to define a new mechanism of antiviral activity by an Interferon stimulated gene (ISG) Oligoadenylate Synthetase 1 (OAS1). (elsevierpure.com)
This OAS1 isoform (OAS1 P46) enhances translation independent of its enzymatic activity and RNase L. Our preliminary results suggest that OAS1 P46 enhances the translation of specific proteins through binding respective mRNAs. (elsevierpure.com)
OASL1
Moreover, pUL47 significantly inhibited polyriboinosinic:polyribocytidylic acid [poly(I:C)]-induced interferon beta (IFN-β) production and downregulated interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression, such as Mx and oligoadenylate synthetase-like (OASL), by interacting with signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT1). (biomedcentral.com)
Innate2
The understanding of increasing the antigen reactiveness gains insight into mRNA-induced innate immunity and adaptive immunity without antibody-dependent enhancement activity. (biomedcentral.com)
Pseudouridine-5'-triphosphate (Pseudo-UTP) is used to impart desirable mRNA characteristics such as increased nuclease stability, increased translation or altered interaction of innate immune receptors with in vitro transcribed RNA. (trilinkbiotech.com)
Gene1
8. Association of Oligoadenylate Synthetase Gene Cluster and DC-SIGN (CD209) Gene Polymorphisms with Clinical Symptoms in Chikungunya Virus Infection. (nih.gov)
Proteins4
The canonical antiviral mechanism of OAS proteins involves the enzymatic synthesis of 2'-5'-oligoadenylates, causing downstream activation of RNase L and leading to the inhibition of protein synthesis. (elsevierpure.com)
The OAS proteins have a unique ability to produce 2'-5' Oligoadenylates (2-5A), which bind and activate the ribonuclease RNase L. The RNase L degrades cellular RNAs which in turn inhibits protein translation and induces apoptosis. (au.dk)
determined an efficient means of reprogramming multiple human cell types using modified mRNA that can express the four primary reprogramming proteins. (trilinkbiotech.com)
The two non-structural proteins (p150 and p90), then synthesize subgenomic mRNA which is subsequently required for the synthesis of the viral capsid protein (C) and surface glycoproteins (E1 and E2) (Fig. 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
Protein4
oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS)/RNase L. However, it is clear that NS1 also acts directly to modulate other important aspects of the virus replication cycle, including viral RNA replication, viral protein synthesis, and general host-cell physiology. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Nucleocytoplasmic transport: the influenza virus NS1 protein regulates the transport of spliced NS2 mRNA and its precursor NS1 mRNA. (microbiologyresearch.org)
The top five most associated protein-coding genes were Interferon Alpha and Beta Receptor Subunit 2 (IFNAR2), 2'-5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase 3 (OAS3), mucin 1 (MUC1), Interleukin 10 Receptor Subunit Beta (IL10RB), and Napsin A Aspartic Peptidase (NAPSA). (cdc.gov)
PnPP-19 also led to changes in mRNA levels, protein expression and phosphorylation at specific sites of NOS, in cc. (envite.org)
Vaccines8
The lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated, nucleoside-modified mRNA platform has been used to generate safe and effective vaccines in record time against COVID-19. (nih.gov)
mRNA vaccines have tremendous potential to fight against cancer and viral diseases due to superiorities in safety, efficacy and industrial production. (biomedcentral.com)
Based on the immunological study, mRNA vaccines are coupled with immunologic adjuvant and various delivery strategies. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, to address the problem, scientists further exploited carrier-based mRNA vaccines (lipid-based delivery, polymer-based delivery, peptide-based delivery, virus-like replicon particle and cationic nanoemulsion), naked mRNA vaccines and dendritic cells-based mRNA vaccines. (biomedcentral.com)
The article will discuss the molecular biology of mRNA vaccines and underlying anti-virus and anti-tumor mechanisms, with an introduction of their immunological phenomena, delivery strategies, their importance on Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and related clinical trials against cancer and viral diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
Finally, we will discuss the challenge of mRNA vaccines against bacterial and parasitic diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
During these decades, further researches and the improvement of experimental techniques have made progress in the safety, efficacy and industrial production of mRNA vaccines. (biomedcentral.com)
These advantages enable mRNA-based vaccines a priority in the treatment of tumors and viral diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
Influenza1
Regulation of the extent of splicing of influenza virus NS1 mRNA: role of the rates of splicing and of the nucleocytoplasmic transport of NS1 mRNA. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Synthesis1
The level of 2-5A is regulated by synthesis by the 2'-5'Oligoadenylate Synthetases (OAS) and by degradation by 2' phosphodiesterases (2'PDE). (au.dk)
Specifically, we have shown that PDE12 is involved in the degradation of mitochondrial mRNA. (au.dk)
Immune1
Although the degraded mRNA components trigger the immune system's excessive activation, developing an effective and safe delivery system with modified mRNA can enhance the efficacy and eliminate the side effects [ 19 , 20 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Synthesize1
The foreign mRNAs encoding antigens are introduced into somatic cells to synthesize antigens by the expression system [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Expression1
The expression of 2'-5'-Oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) is induced by Type 1 interferons in response to viral infection. (au.dk)
Translation1
This signal differs from oligoadenylates, a known ligand of CARF domains, and instead appears to originate from the translation apparatus: RtcB repairs a tmRNA that rescues stalled ribosomes and increases translation elongation speed. (imperial.ac.uk)
Complex1
Additional, the actual amide o2 of substrate glutamine welcomes the hydrogen connect in the 3′-ribose hydroxyl number of ATP, a silly distal substrate-substrate connection in addition not necessarily affecting any other tRNA synthetase complex. (achrsignals.com)