Olfactory receptor neurons. Medical search. Frequent questions (2)

Each olfactory receptor cell expresses only one type of olfactory receptor (OR), but many separate olfactory receptor cells express ORs which bind the same set of odors. (wikipedia.org)
The ability to detect scents or odors , such as the function of OLFACTORY RECEPTOR NEURONS . (lookformedical.com)
Presynaptic terminals of incipient synaptic contacts generate calcium transients in response to odors, triggering long lasting depolarization of olfactory glomeruli. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
The researchers provide evidence that the fruit fly's olfactory system, which Su described as simple yet elegant, is structured to give the insect the ability to make quick assessments of odors in an unusual way that circumvents synaptic communication, which is metabolically expensive. (sciencedaily.com)
In addition to detecting odors, olfactory sensory neurons also serve as mechanical sensors, thus the nose transmits both odor information and nasal breathing signal into the brain. (upenn.edu)
An olfactory cilia pattern in the mammalian nose ensures high sensitivity to odors. (upenn.edu)
The team built an olfactory map that identifies exactly which receptor pairs detect and process specific odors. (icr.org)
Buck was part of the team that won the Nobel Prize for identifying the receptors that allow olfactory neurons to detect odors. (scienceblog.com)
Some odors selectively activate or inhibit a single olfactory neuron, while others can stimulate a group of neurons," Mutlu said. (neurosciencenews.com)
The researchers tested several odors in C. elegans and discovered that only certain scents dynamically regulate fat mobilization by interacting with specific olfactory neurons through specific receptors. (neurosciencenews.com)
Specificity of olfactory perception integrates diverse environmental odors and olfactory neurons expressing different receptors. (neurosciencenews.com)
Here, we report that specific but not all olfactory neurons actively regulate fat metabolism without affecting eating behaviors in Caenorhabditis elegans, and identified specific odors that reduce fat mobilization via inhibiting these neurons. (neurosciencenews.com)
These neurons move (migrate) from the developing nose to a structure in the front of the brain called the olfactory bulb, which is critical for the perception of odors. (medlineplus.gov)
Intranasal swelling or other obstruction prevents odors from gaining access to the olfactory area. (msdmanuals.com)
These signals, which are not detected consciously as odors by the olfactory system, mediate human autonomic, psychological, and endocrine responses. (medscape.com)

The axons of olfactory receptor cells which express the same OR converge to form glomeruli in the olfactory bulb. (wikipedia.org)
Olfactory receptors are supposed to act not only as molecular sensors for odorants but also as cell recognition molecules guiding the axons of olfactory neurons to their appropriate glomerulus in the olfactory bulb. (jneurosci.org)
To scrutinize the hypothesis that olfactory receptor proteins may also be present in the axonal processes and the nerve terminals, serial sections through the olfactory bulb were probed with the antibodies. (jneurosci.org)
On serial sections through the olfactory bulb of mOR37-transgenic mouse lines, double-labeling experiments demonstrated that distinct immunoreactive glomeruli corresponded to glomeruli that were targeted by neurons expressing a particular member of the mOR37 receptor subfamily. (jneurosci.org)
their axonal projections converge onto one medial and one lateral glomerulus in the olfactory bulb. (jneurosci.org)
in the cilia recognizing odorous molecules from the environment and in the axons recognizing molecular cues in the olfactory bulb. (jneurosci.org)
Their unmyelinated AXONS synapse in the OLFACTORY BULB of the BRAIN . (lookformedical.com)
The olfactory bulb contains several types of nerve cells including the mitral cells, on whose DENDRITES the olfactory nerve synapses , forming the olfactory glomeruli. (lookformedical.com)
The accessory olfactory bulb , which receives the projection from the VOMERONASAL ORGAN via the vomeronasal nerve, is also included here. (lookformedical.com)
It is formed by the axons of OLFACTORY RECEPTOR NEURONS which project from the olfactory epithelium (in the nasal epithelium) to the OLFACTORY BULB . (lookformedical.com)
Olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) are chemoreceptors that establish excitatory synapses within glomeruli of the olfactory bulb. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Restoration of olfactory-guided behavior depends on the efficient reinsertion of OSNs to the olfactory bulb. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Odor sensing starts with olfactory sensory neurons in the nose, which carry the information to the olfactory bulb and subsequently to several cortical and subcortical regions. (upenn.edu)
The stem cell marker Lgr5 defines a subset of postmitotic neurons in the olfactory bulb. (upenn.edu)
Project Description: In this proposal, we propose to develop and apply new scalable 3D imaging and analysis methods to determine the location of glomeruli targeted by olfactory sensory neurons expressing specific olfactory receptors, the olfactory bulb connectome. (iu.edu)
If olfactory nerve cells do not extend to the olfactory bulb, a person's sense of smell will be impaired or absent. (medlineplus.gov)
The small, unmyelinated axons of the olfactory receptor cells form the fine fibers of the first cranial nerve and travel centrally toward the ipsilateral olfactory bulb to make contact with the second-order neurons. (medscape.com)
The olfactory bulb lies inferior to the basal frontal lobe. (medscape.com)
The olfactory bulb is a highly organized structure composed of several distinct layers and synaptic specializations. (medscape.com)
Mitral cells are second-order neurons contacted by the olfactory nerve fibers at the glomerular layer of the bulb. (medscape.com)

Humans have between 10 and 20 million olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). (wikipedia.org)
In vertebrates, ORNs are bipolar neurons with dendrites facing the external surface of the cribriform plate with axons that pass through the cribriform foramina with terminal end at olfactory bulbs. (wikipedia.org)
The ORNs are located in the olfactory epithelium in the nasal cavity. (wikipedia.org)
The cell bodies of the ORNs are distributed among all three of the stratified layers of the olfactory epithelium. (wikipedia.org)
Three types of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) are portrayed in three different colors (green, magenta, and blue) and their cell bodies are housed in the antennae and maxillary palps. (elifesciences.org)
Dogma holds that olfactory coding follows a distributive model, whereby odor identities and hedonic values are both determined by the unique combinatorial activation patterns of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs), the majority of which do not individually convey intrinsic valence. (growkudos.com)
Specifically, we reveal that most ORNs exhibit inherent hedonic values which, together with the valence-opponent organization of these neurons, allow countervailing cues to be swiftly processed in the periphery before sensory inputs are relayed to higher brain centers. (growkudos.com)
Rather, the insect's olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) communicate through electrical interactions with nearby ORNs. (sciencedaily.com)
Olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) are specifically tuned to these enantiomeric pheromones. (scienceopen.com)
Male olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) are the primary determinant during peripheral pheromone recognition. (bvsalud.org)

An odorant will dissolve into the mucus of the olfactory epithelium and then bind to an OR. (wikipedia.org)
Neurons in the OLFACTORY EPITHELIUM with proteins ( RECEPTORS, ODORANT ) that bind, and thus detect, odorants. (lookformedical.com)
These neurons send their DENDRITES to the surface of the epithelium with the odorant receptors residing in the apical non-motile cilia . (lookformedical.com)
In addition to the olfactory neurons, the epithelium is composed of supporting cells, Bowman glands and ducts unique to the olfactory epithelium, and basal cells that allow for the regeneration of the epithelium, including the olfactory sensory neurons. (medscape.com)
Research shows that the active components of essential oils can stimulate parts of the brain through the olfactory epithelium. (naturalnews.com)
The most important cells in the olfactory epithelium are the olfactory receptor neurons, which help transmit olfactory information to the brain. (naturalnews.com)
Laser-ablation mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the OSN injury and behavioral dysfunction was associated with significant Cd bioaccumulation within the olfactory sensory epithelium. (cdc.gov)
Within the nasal cavity, the turbinates or nasal conchae serve to direct the inspired air toward the olfactory epithelium in the upper posterior region. (medscape.com)
The olfactory epithelium consists of 3 cell types: basal, supporting, and olfactory receptor cells. (medscape.com)
As previously mentioned, the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V) sends fibers to the olfactory epithelium to detect caustic chemicals, such as ammonia. (medscape.com)

While in her lab, Liberles identified a new type of olfactory receptor, the trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs). (scienceblog.com)
Humans have between 6-10 million of these neurons, each one using a single type of olfactory receptor which detects specific types of chemicals 1 . (helix.com)

The glomerular layer is the most superficial layer, consisting of mitral cell dendritic arborizations (glomeruli), olfactory nerve fibers, and periglomerular cells. (medscape.com)

Many tiny hair-like non-motile cilia protrude from the olfactory receptor cell's dendrites. (wikipedia.org)
The dendrites extend to the olfactory epithelial surface and each ends in a dendritic knob from which around 20 to 35 cilia protrude. (wikipedia.org)
The cilia have a length of up to 100 micrometres and with the cilia from other dendrites form a meshwork in the olfactory mucus. (wikipedia.org)
The surface of the cilia is covered with olfactory receptors, a type of G protein-coupled receptor. (wikipedia.org)
This concept implies that olfactory receptor proteins are located in sensory cilia and in the axons. (jneurosci.org)
Proteins, usually projecting from the cilia of olfactory receptor neurons , that specifically bind odorant molecules and trigger responses in the neurons . (lookformedical.com)
In vertebrates the olfactory receptors are located in the cilia of the olfactory sensory neurons. (answers.com)
Turnock-Jones JJ, Jennings CA, Robbins MJ, Cluderay JE, Cilia J, Reid JL, Taylor A , Jones DN, Emson PC , Southam E. Increased expression of the NR2A NMDA receptor subunit in the prefrontal cortex of rats reared in isolation. (neurotree.org)
The receptor cells are actually bipolar neurons, each possessing a thin dendritic rod that contains specialized cilia extending from the olfactory vesicle and a long central process that forms the fila olfactoria. (medscape.com)

Odorants can also be perceived by entering the nose posteriorly through the nasopharynx to reach the olfactory receptor via retronasal olfaction. (medscape.com)
Odorants diffuse into the mucous and are transported to the olfactory receptor. (medscape.com)

The olfactory neuroepithelium is located at the upper area of each nasal chamber adjacent to the cribriform plate, superior nasal septum, and superior-lateral nasal wall. (medscape.com)
To stimulate the olfactory receptors, airborne molecules must pass through the nasal cavity with relatively turbulent air currents and contact the receptors. (medscape.com)
Nasal sustentacular epithelial cells adjacent to olfactory neurons have high angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor levels and are a key site of virus replication. (cdc.gov)
Located behind the nostrils, this thin tissue is composed of neurons and supporting cells that line about half of your nasal cavity. (naturalnews.com)
There are approximately 400 different types of olfactory receptors located on the tips of specialized neurons in the nasal cavity 2 . (helix.com)

The continuous turnover and new supply of these neurons are unique to the olfactory system. (medscape.com)

There are many scents in the environment that can be detected by specific olfactory neurons through specific receptors. (neurosciencenews.com)

Male moths have an extremely sensitive olfactory system that can detect the sex pheromones emitted by females over a great distance. (bvsalud.org)

The effect of this negative feedback response inhibits the neuron from further activation when another odor molecule is introduced. (wikipedia.org)
2020. Rapid learning of odor-value association in the olfactory striatum. (harvard.edu)
Mice have about 1200 kinds of odor receptors, and 14 kinds of TAARs. (scienceblog.com)
In comparison, humans -who rely more on vision than smell- have about 350 odor receptors and five TAARs. (scienceblog.com)

A ubiquitous, cytoplasmic protein found in mature OLFACTORY RECEPTOR NEURONS of all VERTEBRATES. (lookformedical.com)

This area (only a few centimeters wide) contains more than 100 million olfactory receptor cells. (medscape.com)

Using Xenopus tadpoles as an experimental system to investigate rewiring of glomerular connectivity, we show that novel OSN synapses can transfer information immediately after formation, mediating olfactory-guided behavior. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Projects deal with coding at ribbon synapses and transduction in olfactory receptor neurons. (uni-goettingen.de)

OR2M7 is among many olfactory genes that code for olfactory receptors, which are proteins that detect airborne molecules and initiate a relay of signaling back to the brain. (helix.com)
Similarly, changes in the DNA can also cause the olfactory receptors to recognize different molecules, or to be less sensitive to those molecules 1 . (helix.com)
Activation occurs when odiferous molecules come in contact with specialized processes known as the olfactory vesicles. (medscape.com)

Single-cell transcriptomic profiling of Drosophila olfactory receptor neurons. (elifesciences.org)
A ) Schematic of the Drosophila olfactory system. (elifesciences.org)
Here, we address these long-standing questions by uncovering a valence map in the olfactory periphery of Drosophila. (growkudos.com)

The specialized olfactory epithelial cells characterize the only group of neurons capable of regeneration. (medscape.com)

It is somewhat unclear how genetic variants affect a person's sense of smell, because olfactory systems are very difficult to recreate in the research lab. (helix.com)

Tadpoles recover the ability to detect amino acids 4 days after bilateral olfactory nerve transection. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
The laboratory worm has three pairs of olfactory neurons that detect a variety of airborne scents. (neurosciencenews.com)

These data indicate that olfactory receptor (OR) proteins are indeed present in the axonal processes and nerve terminals of olfactory sensory neurons, thus supporting the notion that ORs may participate in the molecular processes underlying the fasciculation and targeting of olfactory axons. (jneurosci.org)
The question whether OR proteins are indeed present in the axons and nerve terminals of OSNs is thus of fundamental importance toward an understanding of the functional wiring in the olfactory system. (jneurosci.org)
Each ORN type expresses a unique olfactory receptor or a unique combination of receptors and sends its axons to a stereotyped glomerulus. (elifesciences.org)

When you inhale essential oils, their chemical components stimulate olfactory receptor neurons, which then transmit signals to your limbic system and hypothalamus. (naturalnews.com)

It is a specialized pseudostratified neuroepithelium containing the primary olfactory receptors. (medscape.com)

By means of immunohistochemistry and double-labeling studies using transgenic mouse lines as well as Western blot analyses, it was demonstrated that the newly generated antibodies specifically recognized the receptor proteins. (jneurosci.org)
In this study, antibodies were generated against unique epitopes of distinct OR types and used in immunohistochemical experiments to visualize the receptor proteins in whole-mount preparations and tissue sections of the olfactory system. (jneurosci.org)
They should provide good and fast attachment of the neurons without the application of extracellular matrix proteins and should not degrade with the time upon contact with the biological system thus allowing long-term measurements. (uni-kassel.de)
In fact, there are nearly 1,000 genes coding for olfactory proteins-that's more than any other group of genes in the entire genome 1 . (helix.com)
Pheromone-binding proteins present in the male moth antenna play a key role in the pheromone uptake, transport, and release at the dendritic membrane of the olfactory neuron. (bvsalud.org)

Rodents primarily use olfactory cues to guide their behaviors, e.g., locating food, communicating with conspecifics, and avoiding danger. (upenn.edu)
Going from chemicals to receptors to neural circuits to behaviors is a Holy Grail of neuroscience. (scienceblog.com)
Activation of circuits regulating these innate behaviors begins in the periphery with sensory stimulation (primarily via the olfactory system in rodents), and is then processed in the brain by a set of delineated structures that primarily includes the amygdala and hypothalamus. (frontiersin.org)
Cadmium exposure differentially alters odorant-driven behaviors and expression of olfactory receptors in juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). (cdc.gov)

In this study, we identify a valence map in fly antennae and illustrate how lateral inhibition between neighboring olfactory receptor neurons mediates robust behavioral responses to countervailing cues. (growkudos.com)
On the surface of fly antennae, where odorous chemicals are detected, the scientists have discovered how the fly olfactory system is organized, and why. (sciencedaily.com)
In insects olfactory receptors are located on the antennae and other chemo sensory organs. (answers.com)

In neonates, this area is a dense neural sheet, but, in children and adults, the respiratory and olfactory tissues interdigitate. (medscape.com)
respiratory and olfactory epithelial cells use endosomal and cell surface pathways, and cell surface pathways require activation by cell surface proteases (e.g. (cdc.gov)

In olfaction, however, both the existence and nature of such a sensory map remain undetermined, thus raising the central questions of whether and how chemosensory neurons are organized in a specific manner that impacts sensory processing. (growkudos.com)
Olfactory perception in C. elegans is simpler than in larger organisms, such as humans, which helps researchers like Mutlu and her colleagues to study how olfaction regulates bodily processes. (neurosciencenews.com)

Insect olfactory receptor neurons in the same sensory hair antagonistically regulate behavior. (growkudos.com)
They also determined that the neurons act through a selective neural circuit and a neuroendocrine pathway to directly regulate fat metabolism. (neurosciencenews.com)
Furthermore, we discovered that FLP-1 neuropeptide released from this olfactory neural circuit signals through peripheral NPR-4/neuropeptide receptor, SGK-1/serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase, and specific isoforms of DAF-16/FOXO transcription factor to regulate fat storage. (neurosciencenews.com)

Ovoid body resting on the CRIBRIFORM PLATE of the ethmoid bone where the OLFACTORY NERVE terminates. (lookformedical.com)
The cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone, separated at the midline by the crista galli, contains multiple small foramina through which the olfactory nerve fibers, or fila olfactoria, traverse. (medscape.com)
Fracture of the cribriform plate in traumatic settings can disrupt these fine fibers and lead to olfactory dysfunction. (medscape.com)

In summary, low-level Cd exposures associated with polluted waterways can induce differential and persistent olfactory dysfunction in juvenile coho salmon. (cdc.gov)

The olfactory nerve conveys the sense of smell . (lookformedical.com)
The sense of smell is mediated through stimulation of the olfactory receptor cells by volatile chemicals. (medscape.com)
The map details how the fruit fly's olfactory receptor neurons, the components that sense smell, are organized within the insect's sensory hairs. (sciencedaily.com)
The olfactory system is closely connected with other brain regions that are involved in cognition and emotion, which may underlie strong associations between smell deficits and neuropsychiatric disorders. (upenn.edu)
In psychophysical smell and taste tests of persons with acute COVID-19, 72% had an olfactory defect and 19% had a gustatory defect ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
Once the signals reach your olfactory cortex -- the part of your brain concerned with the sense of smell -- they trigger the release of specific brain chemicals, or neurotransmitters, like serotonin. (naturalnews.com)
Although it's an important system, scientists don't yet know exactly how it works, in part because the olfactory system (the collection of cells and organs that allow us to smell) is extremely complex and diverse. (helix.com)

The image shows fat storage tissue - yellow pixels show high fat levels - with the olfactory AWC neuron pseudo-colored in blue. (neurosciencenews.com)

Olfactory neurons relay the information to interneurons that interpret the information to command other neurons and peripheral tissues," Mutlu said. (neurosciencenews.com)
Our results uncover the pheromone recognition mechanism in M. loreyi and provide a novel angle for developing efficient sex attractants of pests on the basis of screening the peripheral olfactory neurons. (bvsalud.org)
Introduction to the Neurologic Examination The purpose of the neurologic examination is to establish whether the patient's brain, special senses, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and muscle and skin receptors are functioning normally. (msdmanuals.com)

A hallmark of complex sensory systems is the organization of neurons into functionally meaningful maps, such as retinotopic or somatotopic organizations, which allow for comparison and contrast of parallel inputs via lateral inhibition. (growkudos.com)
BMP receptor blockade overcomes extrinsic inhibition of remyelination and restores neurovascular homeostasis. (neurotree.org)
Optogenetic activation or inhibition of the responsible olfactory neural circuit promotes the loss or gain of fat storage, respectively. (neurosciencenews.com)

Genetic Basis of Olfactory Cognition: Extremely High Level of DNA Sequence Polymorphism in Promoter Regions of the Human Olfactory Receptor Genes Revealed Using the 1000 Genomes Project Dataset. (helix.com)

These specialized epithelial cells give rise to the olfactory vesicles containing kinocilia, which serve as sites of stimulus transduction. (medscape.com)

Set of nerve fibers conducting impulses from olfactory receptors to the cerebral cortex. (lookformedical.com)
Each mitral cell is contacted by at least 1000 olfactory nerve fibers. (medscape.com)

He wondered, could TAARs (which appear to have originally evolved from neurotransmitter receptors that mediate behavior and emotion) play a role in the social behavior of rodents? (scienceblog.com)
Neurotransmitter Receptors in the Basal Ganglia Handbook of Behavioral Neuroscience . (neurotree.org)

Salmon OR array analysis indicated that Cd preferentially impacted expression of OST and OR markers for ciliated olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) relative to microvillus OSNs, suggesting a differential sensitivity of these two major OSN populations. (cdc.gov)

As humans age, the number of olfactory neurons steadily decreases. (medscape.com)
As a model, we investigate the olfactory and taste systems , which have a simple cellular logic that is conserved from flies to humans. (umu.se)
But trimethylamine, a related organic compound that activates TAAR5, a receptor found in humans, is deeply repugnant to people. (scienceblog.com)
When translating from rodent models to humans, it is important to understand that the sensory inputs of rodents are primarily olfactory, auditory, and somatosensory, with minimal visual inputs. (frontiersin.org)

This effect was associated with decreased activation of pathways linked to neurotrophin and glutamate receptor signaling. (researchgate.net)

Perception of these chemical signals may be olfactory or by contact. (lookformedical.com)
Study links olfactory perception to fat storage. (neurosciencenews.com)
Olfactory perception is complex and highly regulated, explained Mutlu. (neurosciencenews.com)

Finally, we are also interested in understanding how neural circuits in the olfactory system are modified by behavioral state, experience and learning. (harvard.edu)

Olfactory receptor neuron responses of a longhorned beetle, Tetropium fuscum (Fabr. (gc.ca)
In addition we will test responses to disease-associated putative ligands identified in the PIs K23 grant period through study of murine SCCs and human bitter taste receptors in a heterologous expression system. (iu.edu)

2022. Distinct representation of cue-outcome association by D1 and D2 neurons in the ventral striatum's olfactory tubercle. (harvard.edu)
2022). Brain-wide bidirectional neuropeptide modulation of individual neuron classes regulates a developmental decision. (caltech.edu)

Where all the ends of the sensory receptors for the sense of smel located? (answers.com)

Working with the laboratory worm C. elegans, Mutlu and her colleagues conducted a broad screen to investigate whether neurons can actively send signals that, without affecting feeding habits, could alter lipid metabolism. (neurosciencenews.com)
These mutations disrupt the protein's activity, affecting its ability to bind to its receptor to send signals normally. (medlineplus.gov)

My aim is to identify the odorant receptors that are important for the ecology of these insects and which can be targeted for environmentally safe and efficient pest control. (lu.se)

Prokineticin 2 and its receptor are produced in many organs and tissues, including the small intestine, certain regions of the brain, and several hormone-producing (endocrine) tissues. (medlineplus.gov)

An olfactory receptor neuron (ORN), also called an olfactory sensory neuron (OSN), is a sensory neuron within the olfactory system. (wikipedia.org)
Specialized afferent neurons capable of transducing sensory stimuli into NERVE IMPULSES to be transmitted to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. (lookformedical.com)
It has recently been demonstrated that prenatal exposure to the cannabinoid receptor 1 agonist (R)-(+)-[2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-(4-morpholinyl-methyl)pyrrolo[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl]-1-naphthalenylmethanone (WIN 55,212-2) produces memory deficit in adulthood, an effect associated with a reduced functionality of the glutamatergic system. (researchgate.net)
His research focuses on dissecting the cellular mechanisms of sensory processing in the brain using predominantly the mouse olfactory system as a model system. (crick.ac.uk)
The olfactory system represents one of the oldest sensory modalities in the phylogenetic history of mammals. (medscape.com)
As a chemical sensor, the olfactory system detects food and influences social and sexual behavior. (medscape.com)
In no other location in the mature nervous system do less differentiated stem cells replace neurons. (medscape.com)

SARS-CoV-2-induced olfactory dysfunction has been studied at the cellular level and in human trials ( 7 ). (cdc.gov)
Mutations associated with Omicron caused it to be TMPRSS2-resistant ( 8 ) and display enhanced replication in the upper respiratory tract, consistent with less severe lung disease, lower mortality rates ( 9 ), and less frequent self-reported olfactory dysfunction ( 10 ). (cdc.gov)
A hypothetical correlate is that olfactory dysfunction might be a proxy for general risk for infection of lung cells at the population level. (cdc.gov)

2021) Extrasynaptic acetylcholine signaling through a muscarinic receptor regulates cell migration. (caltech.edu)

G Protein-coupled odorant receptors underlie mechanosensitivity in mammalian olfactory sensory neurons. (upenn.edu)
Responsiveness of G protein-coupled odorant receptors is partially attributed to the activation mechanism. (upenn.edu)
Conserved residues control activation of mammalian G Protein-coupled odorant receptors. (upenn.edu)

2 They ran a series of tests on the cells, each called an olfactory receptor neuron (ORN). (icr.org)
Prokineticin 2 and its receptor play a role in the development of a group of nerve cells that are specialized to process smells (olfactory neurons). (medlineplus.gov)
Prokineticin 2 and its receptor are also involved in the migration of nerve cells that produce gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). (medlineplus.gov)
Basal cells are stem cells that give rise to the olfactory receptor cells (seen in the image below). (medscape.com)
Supporting cells are scattered among the receptor cells and have numerous microvilli and secretory granules, which empty their contents onto the mucosal surface. (medscape.com)

The olfactory neuroepithelium is destroyed. (msdmanuals.com)

[ 3 ] A 2002 study showed that the prevalence of objective olfactory impairment in adults older than 53 years is 24.5% and grows more prevalent with age, reaching 62.5 % in those aged 80-97 years. (medscape.com)
Extrapolating from these values, there are currently 14 million older adults with some degree of olfactory impairment. (medscape.com)
Salmon exposed to waterborne metals can experience olfactory impairment leading to disrupted chemosensation. (cdc.gov)

Thus, complex olfactory inputs are filtered for simplification at the first neurons of the sensory circuit. (growkudos.com)

Las hembras de Phyllophaga obsoleta (Blanchard) (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae), una de las especies de mayor importancia agrícola en México, presentan un "llamado sexual" en el cual exponen una estructura en forma de bolsa del ápice abdominal y provocan la atracción de los machos. (scienceopen.com)

The olfactory receptor neuron has a fast working negative feedback response upon depolarization. (wikipedia.org)

Anatomy30

Organisms22

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs40

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment7

Psychiatry and Psychology7

Phenomena and Processes28

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science2

Health Care1

Odors15

Bulb20

ORNs10

Epithelium10

Type of olfactory receptor2

Glomeruli1

Cilia9

Odorants2

Nasal5

Unique to the olfactory1

Specific olfactory1

Pheromones1

Odor4

Vertebrates1

Million olfactory1

Synapses2

Molecules3

Drosophila3

Group of neurons1

Person's sense of sm1

Detect2

Axons3

Stimulate1

Primary olfactory1

Proteins5

Behaviors4

Antennae3

Respiratory and olfactory2

Olfaction2

Regulate3

Cribriform plate3

Persistent olfactory1

Smell7

Tissue1

Peripheral3

Inhibition3

Genes1

Epithelial cells1

Nerve fibers2

Neurotransmitter receptors2

OSNs1

Humans4

Pathways1

Perception3

Behavioral1

Responses2

20222

Sensory receptors1

Signals2

Insects1

Tissues1

System7

Dysfunction3

20211

Protein-coupled3

Cells5

Neuroepithelium1

Impairment3

Inputs1

Coleoptera1

Depolarization1