• A ventricular outflow tract obstruction is a heart condition in which either the right or left ventricular outflow tract is blocked or obstructed. (wikipedia.org)
  • A right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO) may be due to a defect in the pulmonic valve, the supravalvar region, the infundibulum, or the pulmonary artery. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pulmonary atresia Pulmonary valve stenosis Hypoplastic right heart syndrome Tetralogy of Fallot A left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) may be due to a defect in the aortic valve, or a defect located at the subvalvar or supravalvar level. (wikipedia.org)
  • Aortic valve stenosis Supravalvar aortic stenosis Coarctation of the aorta Hypoplastic left heart syndrome Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy A ventricular outflow tract obstruction means there is a limitation in the blood flow out of either the right or left ventricles of the heart, depending on where the obstruction is. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thus, both of these contribute to the left ventricular outflow tract obstruction seen in some cases of this disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • According to Kaski, there have several innovations in HCM since the previous guidelines, such as when to consider cardiac myosin inhibitors for symptomatic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. (medscape.com)
  • Over time, cardiomegaly with LV thickening occurs, eventually leading to outflow tract obstruction. (medscape.com)
  • In approximately 25% of patients there is a narrowing (obstruction) of the left ventricular outflow tract. (uni-saarland.de)
  • Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction is frequent in patients with takotsubo. (mhmedical.com)
  • 2015. Extracavitary cardiac carcinoid presenting with right ventricular outflow tract obstruction. (uc.edu)
  • Objective -To determine aortic ejection velocity in healthy adult Boxers with soft ejection murmurs without overt structural evidence of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and in healthy Boxers without cardiac murmurs. (avma.org)
  • 1 Doppler echocardiographic effects of medetomidine on dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction in cats. (vasg.org)
  • Fig. 3) The pulmonary outflow tract and inferior vena cava were dilated and tricuspid regurgitation was noted with an estimated RVSP of 70.6 mmHg. (ispub.com)
  • There was a late-peaking LV outflow tract gradient of 77 mm Hg consistent with severe, dynamic left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction. (jefferson.edu)
  • In cases of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM), the systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve apparatus results in an obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT), which is known as the SAM [systolic anterior motion] phenomenon. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Dynamic obstruction of the left-ventricular outflow tract is a rare condition. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The known common causes of left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction include hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM), dehydration, sepsis, cardiac surgical treatment after valve repair, and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this condition, the anterior leaflet (cusp) moves towards the LVOT and obstructs the outflow tract. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using the literature-based approach, associations were observed for: any solvent exposure with aortic stenosis (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.1 to 4.1) and Stoddard solvent exposure with d-transposition of the great arteries (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.0 to 4.2), right ventricular outflow tract obstruction defects (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1 to 3.3) and pulmonary valve stenosis (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.1 to 3.8). (cdc.gov)
  • Pulmonic Stenosis Pulmonic stenosis (PS) is narrowing of the pulmonary outflow tract causing obstruction of blood flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery during systole. (merckmanuals.com)
  • The purpose of this study was to describe the safety and tolerability of pimobendan administered to cats with cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure (CHF), and specifically to investigate for a difference in cats with and without outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO). (vin.com)
  • Echocardiographic morphology of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction. (academix.com.eg)
  • Tetralogy of Fallot Tetralogy of Fallot consists of 4 features: a large ventricular septal defect, right ventricular outflow tract obstruction and pulmonic valve stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy, and over-riding. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The surgeon measures a right ventricular (RV)-to-aortic pressure ratio of 0.5, and right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) gradient of 30 mmHg. (ccasociety.org)
  • It was first comprehensively described by Etienne Fallot in 1888 as a group of four characteristic features: ventricular septal defect (VSD), overriding aorta, right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO) and right ventricular hypertrophy. (ccasociety.org)
  • One patient required surgery due to significant left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. (ogu.edu.tr)
  • Everolimus treatment was administered to 1 patient with right ventricular outflow tract obstruction. (ogu.edu.tr)
  • After 2 years of increasing shortness of breath, I was finally diagnosed with a sub-aortic membrane which was causing a left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. (heart-valve-surgery.com)
  • It has been reported that left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) is observed in 70% patients with HCM. (techscience.com)
  • Systolic anterior motion (SAM) of the mitral valve (MV) is the dominant cause of dynamic outflow tract obstruction in most patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). (techscience.com)
  • As PPVI is limited by the size of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT), accurate sizing is needed to plan the intervention. (bvsalud.org)
  • Hypoplastic left heart syndrome(HLHS) refers to the abnormal development of the left-sided cardiac structures, resulting in obstruction to blood flow from the left ventricular outflow tract. (gerboni.net)
  • leaflets of mitral valve = dragged into outflow tract obstructing flow from left ventricle. (fdocuments.us)
  • Particularly, the data allowed the authors to emphasize further the relevant contribution of the concomitant occurrence of congenital cardiac defects (CHDs) and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) to the worse outcome of these patients. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 1 Clinical hallmarks include left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO), arrhythmias, and heart failure. (vanast.info)
  • In patients with symptomatic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction refractory to medical therapy a surgical myectomy should be considered. (czytelniamedyczna.pl)
  • In the infantile form, clinically significant storage occurs in the heart, resulting in progressive cardiomegaly with left ventricular (LV) thickening that eventually leads to outflow tract obstruction. (medscape.com)
  • Occlusion of the outflow tract in either the LEFT VENTRICLE or the RIGHT VENTRICLE of the heart. (bvsalud.org)
  • This adaptation is beneficial to pump blood past the obstruction, but eventually this hypertrophy can lead to other problems including arrhythmias, ischemia, and heart failure. (wikipedia.org)
  • MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Improvement in right ventricular outflow assessed by ventriculography and change in right ventricular/ left ventricular pressure ratio, change in systemic oxygen saturation, freedom from arrhythmias, and sustained improvement in echocardiographic indices of obstruction. (bmj.com)
  • This may lead to a dynamic compression of the left vessel wall during increased heart activity - myocardial ischemia may occur and trigger ventricular arrhythmias. (uni-saarland.de)
  • Exercise-dependent cardiac arrhythmias can lead to sudden death. (uni-saarland.de)
  • This affects the electrical functioning of the heart and may lead to malignant arrhythmias, syncope and cardiac arrest. (uni-saarland.de)
  • Following on last week's article reviewing the general approach to screening for inherited cardiac diseases, see here the disorder-specific approach to screening from detecting conduction and structural disorders through to arrhythmias and channelopathies. (escardio.org)
  • In hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, there is disorganized production of cardiac myocytes leading to increased septal wall thickness and a pathologic motion of the mitral valve. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common heritable cardiovascular disorder and is characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), which is unexplained by abnormal loading conditions. (mdpi.com)
  • The exception is the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy cat with left ventricular outflow track obstruction. (vasg.org)
  • Whilst most have a structurally normal heart it can also be associated with congenital heart disease, rare cardiac tumours or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and hence echocardiography should be performed ( 7 ). (escardio.org)
  • The concomitant occurrence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and congenital heart defect in patients with RASopathies has previously been reported as associated to a worse clinical outcome, particularly closed to cardiac surgery. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The L-type calcium channel inhibitor diltiazem prevents cardiomyopathy in a mouse model Dominant mutations in sarcomere protein genes cause hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, an inherited human disorder with increased ventricular wall thickness, myocyte hypertrophy, and disarray. (vanast.info)
  • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a cardiac contractile-muscle disorder most often caused by genetic mutations. (vanast.info)
  • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a relatively common genetic cardiac disease (0.47 cases per 100.000 children per year) that is heterogeneous with respect to disease-causing mutations, clinical presentation, prognosis, and treatment strategies. (czytelniamedyczna.pl)
  • Edith was transferred to a tertiary hospital where a echocardiogram confirmed an akinetic left ventricular apex with preserved basal systolic function. (racgp.org.au)
  • The transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) is now showing hyperdynamic right ventricular systolic function with subvalvar obstruction. (ccasociety.org)
  • The diagnosis of cardiac myxoma typically involves a combination of imaging tests and a thorough physical examination. (alliedacademies.org)
  • The history solicits information intended to: 1) distinguish between cardiac and pulmonary disease, 2) establish a diagnosis, 3) determine the frequency and extent of clinical impairment, 4) assess response (or lack of response) to therapy, 5) detect other medical conditions, and 6) establish a doctor-client relationship. (vin.com)
  • Supporting information ECG - CTH 5 Guidance to examiners To pass (score 2) the candidate must reach HCM in a differential diagnosis, be aware of the resulting problems (especially LVOT obstruction) and principles of anaesthetic management. (fdocuments.us)
  • After relief of RVOTO , dynamic outflow obstruction associated with a hypertrophied RV is not uncommon, especially in the setting of relative hypovolemia and a hypercontractile right ventricle. (ccasociety.org)
  • But the first true description of takotsubo cardiomyopathy was published 3 from Hiroshima City Hospital delineating a mysterious stunned myocardium consisting of reversible, left ventricular (LV) apical wall-motion abnormalities without coronary artery disease (CAD), often associated with emotional or physical stress. (mhmedical.com)
  • Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC), also known as stress cardiomyopathy, and broken heart syndrome is characterized by transient left ventricular (LV) apical akinesis with symptoms mimicking acute coronary syndrome. (jefferson.edu)
  • Hot topics included quantification of low-attenuation coronary plaque as the next big cardiac risk assessment, coronary artery shear stress as a marker for heart attacks, CT for the assessment of non-STEMI patients, the role of CT in COVID-19, CT's role in structural heart assessments, as well as new CT technologies. (itnonline.com)
  • A patient presenting with uncontrolled heart failure should be treated supportively with oxygen, cardiac and oximetry monitoring, intravenous access, loop diuretics, nitrates (remembering the potential nitrate sensitivity of patients with aortic stenosis), morphine (as needed and tolerated), and noninvasive or invasive ventilatory support (as indicated). (medscape.com)
  • Right ventricular outflow stent implantation: an alternative to palliative surgical relief of infundibular pulmonary stenosis. (bmj.com)
  • OBJECTIVE: Preliminary assessment of the use of stents for palliative relief of right ventricular infundibular stenosis as an alternative to palliative surgical ventricular outflow enlargement. (bmj.com)
  • Associated anomalies are common and include atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, pulmonic valve stenosis, and transposition of the great arteries. (merckmanuals.com)
  • This study evaluated the clinical and echocardiographic data of patients followed up in our Pediatric Cardiology Clinic for cardiac rhabdomyoma. (ogu.edu.tr)
  • While the classical form is an isolated thin membrane within the left atrium, the atypical form is associated with other cardiac anomalies. (ispub.com)
  • RESULTS: Mean right to left ventricular pressure ratio fell from 0.95 to 0.35 in the three patients with intact ventricular septum. (bmj.com)
  • Hypothetically, a pathological obstruction of the LVOT of a different etiology would result in a comparable hemodynamic instability, which would be refractory to inotrope therapy, and may be detectable through echocardiography. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We observed a severely impaired left ventricular function due to a combination of a thrombotic LVOT obstruction and distinctive mitral regurgitation in a 56-year-old Caucasian, female patient after massive transfusion with aggressive procoagulant therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) showed a massive, dynamic LVOT obstruction. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Massive transfusion with aggressive procoagulant therapy resulted in mitral valve leaflet thrombosis with dynamic, predominantly systolic LVOT obstruction, comparable to the SAM phenomenon. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the case reported here, the LVOT obstruction was caused by thrombotic formations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The thrombotic structures situated at the mitral valve caused a severe systolic obstruction of the LVOT comparable to the so-called SAM [systolic anterior motion] phenomenon [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We present the case of a rare thrombus formation attached to the mitral valve under procoagulant therapy, massive transfusion and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy despite continued anticoagulation, which resulted in a unique dynamic obstruction of the LVOT similar to a SAM phenomenon. (biomedcentral.com)
  • problems (especially LVOT obstruction) and principles of anaesthetic management. (fdocuments.us)
  • The normal right and left aortic leaflets form at the junction of the ventricular and arterial ends of the conotruncal channel. (medscape.com)
  • For assessing adequacy of surgical repair, the panel recommends direct pressure measurements to objectively evaluate for residual obstruction and guide any need for reintervention, and recommends to aim for RV-to-aortic pressure ratio of 0.5 or less with an RVOT gradient less than 30 to 40 mm Hg. (ccasociety.org)
  • CONCLUSION: Stent implantation provides an effective alternative to palliative surgical enlargement of the right ventricular infundibulum. (bmj.com)
  • The delivery system catheter outer diameter must be 9Fr or smaller and should be suitable for fully transcatheter repair without requiring surgical cardiac exposure. (sbir.gov)
  • A separate 6-bed cardiac surgical ICU admits approximately 700 patients each year after elective or emergency cardiac surgery or thoracic aneurysm repair. (ubccriticalcaremedicine.ca)
  • St. Paul's Hospital (SPH) is a 400 bed tertiary care teaching hospital with a 19 bed multidisciplinary ICU and an 11 bed critical care recovery (CCR) for cardiac surgical patients (again managed by anaesthetists), and 11 bed CCU (that accepts ventilated patients). (ubccriticalcaremedicine.ca)
  • In the setting of adequate surgical results which in this case is supported by the initial RVOT gradient and RV-to-aorta pressure ratio, the hemodynamic decline in this patient is most likely due to hyperdynamic obstruction from the pre-existing hypertrophied RV. (ccasociety.org)
  • 1. After surgical relief of RVOT obstruction with a conduit or prosthetic valve , patients should be followed up on a 1- to 2-year basis with echocardiography Doppler assessment of RV systolic pressure and function, as well as a measurement of the gradient across the RVOT . (wikidoc.org)
  • At the Cleveland Clinic, I was the surgical director of Heart Failure, Heart Transplantation, and Mechanical Cardiac Assist. (heart-valve-surgery.com)
  • 120ms) is commonly found in trained athletes but care is needed not to miss underlying pathology such as an atrial septal defect, brugada syndrome or arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (see below) ( 1 ). (escardio.org)
  • Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) can mimic VDs and is characterized by functional and wall motion abnormalities (akinesia, dyskinesia) of the RV and ventricular tachyarrhythmias. (dirjournal.org)
  • Fig. 1) Her electrocardiogram showed sinus tachycardia, right axis deviation, right atrial enlargement, right bundle branch block and right ventricular hypertrophy. (ispub.com)
  • This can present with palpitations or syncope from an atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia or rarely sudden death secondary to ventricular fibrillation from rapid conduction of atrial fibrillation across the accessory pathway. (escardio.org)
  • Two thrombi were attached to the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve, resulting in a predominantly systolic obstruction. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Pimobendan is a positive inotrope that increases cardiac contractility, and is used as a mainstay of therapy in dogs with mitral valve disease or dilated cardiomyopathy (both conditions of systolic dysfunction). (vin.com)
  • 1.9 m/s, with or without systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve, as well as the presence of midventricular obstruction. (vin.com)
  • We have considered cardiomyopathies across the life course from pediatric to adult," explained Elena Arbelo, MD, PhD, coordinator of the Cardiac Genetic Diseases and Sudden Arrhythmic Death Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Spain. (medscape.com)
  • Pediatric cardiac emergency. (academix.com.eg)
  • Aim: Cardiac rhabdomyomas are the most frequently seen pediatric cardiac tumors and are predominantly associated with tuberous sclerosis complex. (ogu.edu.tr)
  • If you look at the text you can see across all these associate editors real thought leadership from the MR, nuclear and echo community, there was still in the text a clear emphasis that cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA) might have distinct advantages in the deceleration phase of the coronavirus pandemic for increased efficiency, safety and resource utilization," Leipsic said. (itnonline.com)
  • While a big proponent of cardiac CT angiography (CCTA), Leipsic said we still need to follow the guidelines, which includes not using CCTA in the setting of known disease, extremes in calcium scores or in patients with poorly controlled heart rate. (itnonline.com)
  • Membranous-type ventricular septal defect (pmVSD) accounts for over two thirds of ventricular septal defects, and approximately half require repair. (sbir.gov)
  • A design specifically to achieve occlusion of membranous-type ventricular septal defects in children and newborn infants. (sbir.gov)
  • Using the consensus-based approach, associations were observed for exposure to any solvent and any chlorinated solvent with perimembranous ventricular septal defects (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.0 to 2.6 and OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.0 to 2.8, respectively). (cdc.gov)
  • Tetralogy of Fallot was the cardiac anomaly for which the first Blalock-Taussig-Thomas shunt (BTTs) was performed to augment pulmonary blood flow in 1945. (ccasociety.org)
  • are associated with right ventricular fibrotic load in repaired tetralogy of Fallot patients: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance study. (cdc.gov)
  • A loss-of-function mutation p.T256M in NDRG4 is implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect (PA/VSD) and tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). (cdc.gov)
  • Background: Ebstein anomaly (EA) is a heterogeneous congenital heart defect (CHD), frequently accompanied by diverse cardiac and extracardiac comorbidities, resulting in a wide range of clinical outcomes. (urosario.edu.co)
  • Short Answer - Example Questions 1 Question 1 Short Title You are phoned by the pre-assessment nurse Section Clinical - short case Topic Cardiac/Thoracic Author Mike Tremlett / Jonathan Purday Opening question A pre-assessment nurse asks you to see a 36 year old male listed for a nasal polypectomy. (fdocuments.us)
  • The aim of study was retrospective analysis of clinical profile, current therapeutic options and sudden cardiac death risk assessment in children with HCM. (czytelniamedyczna.pl)
  • The juvenile (intermediate) form includes infants and children older than 6 months who present with weakness but generally have no cardiac disease, and the clinical features overlap those of the other forms. (medscape.com)
  • From my point of view, the key innovations include a diagnostic workup that starts with a detailed phenotypic description, including the new phenotype of nondilated left ventricular cardiomyopathy, that then triggers a multiparametric, systematic evaluation," said Kaski, co-chair of the task force. (medscape.com)
  • Etiologic prediction models have been incorporated into the guidelines, including genotyping for dilated cardiomyopathies and nondilated left ventricular cardiomyopathy, said both Arbelo and Kaski, interviewed separately. (medscape.com)
  • Unlike in acute myocardial infarction, most patients with takotsubo cardiomyopathy have a small but rapid increase in cardiac enzyme and biomarker levels. (racgp.org.au)
  • No dilated or restrictive cardiomyopathy cases had evidence of obstruction. (vin.com)
  • Tell them echocardiogram shows Concentric left ventricular hyperthrophy. (fdocuments.us)
  • History of heart disease: People with a history of heart disease, such as valvular heart disease, may have an increased risk of developing cardiac myxomas [ 3 ]. (alliedacademies.org)
  • If they are cardiac patients I leave the (dex)medetomidine out and add the 1 to 3 mg/kg ketamine to the opioid and midazolam. (vasg.org)
  • There are a few reported cases of Takotsubo in family members, one case of two sisters and another mother-daughter pair.3,4 Recurrence of the syndrome in the same patient, although rare, can occur and suggests a genetic predisposition.5 Majority of patients regain normal ventricular function within one to four weeks if they survive the acute episode. (jefferson.edu)
  • I believe my greatest strength is my years of experience as a cardiac surgeon and the quality results that my team and I obtain for our patients. (heart-valve-surgery.com)
  • In this study, we developed 12 active and corresponding passive models based on 6 patients' pre- and post-operative ECG-gated cardiac CT images of patients' LV at the pre-SAM time point (5% RR interval). (techscience.com)
  • Indeed, these patients may show a rapid progression of HCM and this can lead to early cardiac failure. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Severe cardiac failure and cardiogenic shock are the main causes of ICU hospitalization. (mhmedical.com)
  • Ventricular septal defect is the most common congenital heart defect. (sbir.gov)
  • This Unit is managed by a team of cardiac anaesthetists with relevant experience in critical care issues. (ubccriticalcaremedicine.ca)
  • Our outstanding team of cardiac surgeons, cardiologists, and cardiac anesthesiologists, nurses and administrators at Northwestern Medicine have attained stellar outcomes , a low mortality and morbidity rate, and therefore short hospital length of stay. (heart-valve-surgery.com)
  • A 56-year-old woman (Caucasian, married, two children) without preexisting conditions, who had previously performed moderate endurance runs about 2-3 times per week according to her relatives, suffered from acute cardiac arrest at home. (biomedcentral.com)
  • LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), peak negative and positive rate of change of LV pressure, arterial blood pressure, and cardiac output. (avma.org)
  • Cardiomegaly (220 g) and symmetric left ventricular hypertrophy from the autopsy of a 6-year-old boy who suddenly collapsed while on a walk with his family. (medscape.com)
  • Cardiac myxoma is a relatively rare tumor that arises from the heart's lining, called the endocardium. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Conclusion: Although it is a rare tumor, cardiac rhabdomyoma may lead to life-threatening symptoms. (ogu.edu.tr)
  • Other autopsy findings included pulmonary edema and ascites, as well as hypertensive changes in the lungs and early cardiac cirrhosis. (medscape.com)
  • These include: Genetic predisposition: A small percentage of cardiac myxomas have a genetic basis, and they tend to occur in families. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Carney complex: This is a rare genetic disorder that increases the risk of developing cardiac myxomas and other tumors. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Congenital ion channel diseases (long QT or short QT syndromes, Brugada syndrome, catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia) are a group of rare cardiac arrhythmia syndromes caused by genetic changes in certain ion channels in the heart muscle. (uni-saarland.de)
  • If the patient is in cardiopulmonary arrest, perform resuscitation according to the recommendations of the AHA in their Advanced Cardiac Life Support guidelines. (medscape.com)
  • The hospital cardiac arrest team is drawn from ICU staff, including the critical care residents. (ubccriticalcaremedicine.ca)
  • The cardiac arrest team is managed and staffed by the ICU. (ubccriticalcaremedicine.ca)
  • Initially, the patient had to be resuscitated due to cardiac arrest after a long-distance flight. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Prior to cardiac arrest she had complained of pain in her calf after a long-distance flight. (biomedcentral.com)
  • First responders who observe a patient dying from pulmonary embolism usually observe PEA as the initial cardiac arrest rhythm. (nursenacole.com)
  • This can lead to cardiac hypertrophy, dilatation of the heart, and ultimately heart failure in some cases. (wikipedia.org)
  • expiratory dyspnea suggests lower airway obstruction, parenchymal lung disease, heart failure, chronic obstructive lung disease, and other conditions. (vin.com)
  • A history indicating that dyspnea diminished or resolved following cardiac drugs suggests heart failure. (vin.com)
  • The term "takotsubo-like left ventricular dysfunction" was proposed, referring to Japanese ceramic containers used by the Japanese to catch octopus, 4 which have a bulbous bottom and narrow neck. (mhmedical.com)