Nucleus glial cell. Medical search. Frequent questions

Viral antigen was present in neurons and glial cells in nuclei and cytoplasm. (cdc.gov)
The main structural feature of the cerebral cortex is the arrangement of cortical neurons and glial cells in layers that run parallel to the surface of the brain. (springer.com)
Whereas infection by dengue virus and African zika virus was associated with increased production of proteins linked to cell domination and replication, the Brazilian strain modulated this highly important part of neural development, influencing the differentiation of neurons and glial cells [ astrocytes, microglia and oligodendrocytes ]," he said. (fapesp.br)

Figure 3) or PSA-NCAM are markers frequently used for intermediate progenitor cells and early immature neurons (PMID: 29625071). (sanbio.nl)
The first part of the thesis (Paper I, II, III) shows the development and improvement of a hESC-based system of for virus-mediated direct reprogramming of human glial progenitor cells into both induced dopaminergic neurons (iDANs) and GABAergic interneurons. (lu.se)
The first part of the thesis (Paper I and II) explores reprogramming of adult human fibroblasts and human glial progenitor cells into GABAergic interneurons in 2D cultures. (lu.se)

We performed an exploratory, neurohistopathological study to investigate the changes in the corpus striatum (caudate nucleus, putamen, and globus pallidus) associated with chronic low-level Mn exposure in South African Mn mine workers. (cdc.gov)
Transplantation of amniotic epithelial cells in various regions of central nervous system such as caudate nucleus (Bankiewicz et al. (scielo.org.ar)
They reported dramatically positive results in 2 patients that received pieces of adrenal medulla placed in At this point the development took an unexpected a premade cavity in the head of the caudate nucleus on 1 and somewhat surprising turn. (lu.se)

The cilium, however, only has the nine pairs of peripheral microtubules while it lacks the axial pair of microtubules, making its structure very similar to the cilia of neurons, Schwann cells, and astrocytes of the CNS. (wikipedia.org)
Co-labeling studies identified the cells as neurons, reactive astrocytes, and, rarely, the multinucleated giant cells of HIV encephalitis. (nih.gov)
Astrocytes are specialized glial cells ubiquitously distributed throughout the spinal cord and brain. (news-medical.net)
Astrocytes are a heterogeneous population of cells with distinguishing functional and morphological characteristics and are specialized to their different brain regions and locations. (news-medical.net)
8 Astrocytes interact with blood vessels, pericytes, and epithelial cells to organize CNS flow and modulate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). (news-medical.net)
Rat primary astrocytes were isolated from different brain regions (cortex, cerebellum, and hippocampus) and grown in vitro to demonstrate the utilization of live-cell analysis for monitoring and comparing the diversity of cultured astroglia phenotypes. (news-medical.net)

Here we profile 65,309 single-nucleus transcriptomes from 30 frontal cortex and choroid plexus samples across 14 control individuals (including 1 patient with terminal influenza) and 8 patients with COVID-19. (nature.com)
b , Uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) of 38,217 nuclei from the medial frontal cortex of 8 control individuals (including 1 patient with influenza) and 8 patients with COVID-19. (nature.com)
In the cerebellar cortex, tenascin-C mRNA in Golgi epithelial cells was down-regulated 3 days after the lesion and returned to control values 80 days after the lesion. (researchgate.net)
After a lesion, the density of cells containing tenascin-R transcripts increased significantly in the inferior olivary nucleus and in the white matter of the cerebellar cortex. (researchgate.net)
The numbers of silver grains were counted in 6 layers of the parietal cortex, 4 layers of Ammon's horn, the corpus callosum and the cortex, medulla end lateral nucleus of the cerebellum. (erowid.org)
Results In brain slices prepared 1 hr after injection of (3H)-Leu, LSD reduced incorporation of isotope into all layers of the parietal cortex, particularly those with high densities of nerve cells and glial cells. (erowid.org)
Human cerebral cortex was left untreated or treated with TrueBlack®, then stained with CF®488A anti-NeuN (neuronal nuclei, green) and DAPI (nuclei, blue). (biotium.com)
Immunocytochemical studies in adult rat brain preparations with a polyclonal antibody that cross-reacts with MT-I and MT-II indicated that immunostaining was always nuclear in glial cells, whereas in neurons it was nuclear in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and the granular layer of the cerebellum, and nuclear plus cytoplasmic in Purkinje cells in the cerebellum, hypothalamic nuclei and gigantocellular reticular nucleus in the brain stem. (nih.gov)
Cortex, Hippocampus, and Cerebellum astroglia were seeded in 96-well plates at 2,000 cells/well. (news-medical.net)
Method: The distribution of the alpha-intenexin-positive neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions (NCI), surviving neurons, swollen achromatic neurons (SN) and glial cell nuclei was studied across the cortex in gyri of the frontal and temporal lobe in 10 cases of NIFID. (aston.ac.uk)

Ependymomas, as their name implies, are glial tumors that exhibit ependymal differentiation. (medscape.com)
At this juncture, through the present study it was found that, chicken neural retinal cells when grown alone failed to survive and contrarily when either co-cultured with chicken amniotic epithelial cells / cultured in amniotic epithelial cell conditioned medium not only survived but also showed extensive differentiation. (scielo.org.ar)
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are undifferentiated neural cells with the capacity for long-term self-renewal and for differentiation into all types of neuronal and glial cells. (sanbio.nl)
First, we utilized single cell sequencing to dissect the differentiation of stem cells to midbrain dopaminergic neurons. (lu.se)

Both satellite glial cells (SGCs) and Schwann cells (the cells that ensheathe some nerve fibers in the PNS) are derived from the neural crest of the embryo during development. (wikipedia.org)
Alpha-synuclein is primarily found in neural tissue, making up as much as one percent of all proteins in the cytosol of brain cells. (standardofcare.com)
Tenascin-R mRNA was expressed by distinct neural cell types in the unlesioned olivocerebellar system. (researchgate.net)
Here we define a 4-color flow cytometry panel using CD133, LeX, CD140a, NG2 to define a neural stem cell (NSC) as well as 4 classes of multipotential progenitors and 3 classes of bipotential progenitors, several of which have not been described previously. (karger.com)
By virtue of expressions of glial and neural surface markers and capability of neurotransmitter metabolism, amniotic epithelial cells are considered as candidate cell type for transplantation strategies to treat neurological disorders. (scielo.org.ar)
Further studies will establish the nature of this novel factor which will enhance the application of this interesting cell type for neural transplantations. (scielo.org.ar)
What are neural stem cells (NSCs), neural progenitors, and neural precursors (NPCs)? (sanbio.nl)
Neural progenitors are precursor cells able to further differentiate into various neuronal and glial cells. (sanbio.nl)
In the proposed model, these alterations interfere with the maturing of particles that act as precursors of oligodendrocytes - neural cells that produce myelin, a lipidic substance of vital importance to the exchange of information between neurons. (fapesp.br)
In the case of the Brazilian strain of zika, we observed more alterations in proteins associated with the metabolism when the virus invaded neural cells, rather than more alterations in the expression of proteins associated with these classic finalities," Martins-de-Souza said. (fapesp.br)
First, they infected human neural stem cells with the Brazilian strain of zika and analyzed the changes in protein expression. (fapesp.br)
The human neural stem cells were obtained from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) - skin cells reprogrammed to develop into neural stem cells. (fapesp.br)
To compare the results, they repeated the experiments on neural stem cells and neurospheres infected by dengue and the African strain of zika, neither of which normally infect brain cells or cause microcephaly. (fapesp.br)
However, they enabled us to analyze and compare their proteomics and also to understand what Brazilian zika triggers in neural cells," Martins-de-Souza said. (fapesp.br)
In the experiments involving neural stem cells, Brazilian zika behaved very differently from the other two viruses. (fapesp.br)
We also analysed two glial cell populations, as they are important for maintaining a healthy neural microenvironment. (nin.nl)

Dystrophin was expressed in all hippocampal pyramidal subfields and in the molecular-, Purkinje-, and granular cell layer of the cerebellum. (frontiersin.org)
In rat hippocampus and cerebellum there were neither differences in dystrophin positive cell types, nor in the regional dystrophin distribution between AK and control animals. (frontiersin.org)

Microglia are glial cells that are the resident macrophages. (cellimagelibrary.org)

Previously, we have reported neurotrophism exhibited by human amniotic epithelial cells when transplanted after spinal cord injury in bonnet monkeys. (scielo.org.ar)
2001). In our previous report, we concluded the usefulness of amniotic epithelial cells transplantation in spinal cord injury repair research. (scielo.org.ar)
Recently, our conclusion of usefulness of amniotic epithelial cells transplantation to treat spinal cord injuries has been confirmed in rodent models of spinal cord injury (Zhi-yuan et al. (scielo.org.ar)
When the fish's spinal cord is severed, something remarkable happens that doesn't occur in humans: supportive cells in the nervous system bridge the gap, allowing new nerve tissue to restore the spinal cord to full function within weeks. (nih.gov)
They've discovered that the zebrafish's damaged cells secrete a molecule known as connective tissue growth factor a (CTGFa) that is essential in regenerating its severed spinal cord. (nih.gov)

Satellite glial cells (SGCs) are among the most abundant non-neuronal cells in dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) and closely envelop sensory neurons that detect painful stimuli. (iasp-pain.org)
MT-I levels in glial cells were about ten times higher than those in neuronal cells (538 +/- 194 vs. 49 +/- 16 pg MT-I/micrograms protein, mean +/- S.D. from three separate cell preparations). (nih.gov)
Neuronal cells (green) soon follow. (nih.gov)
[ 2 ] The arachnoid cells have several proposed functions, including acting as a structural barrier with cellular wrapping/ensheathing, acting as a conduit for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage/absorption into dural sinuses/veins (arachnoid villi), epithelial-like/secretory functions, monocytelike functions, trophic support and byproduct detoxification for glial and neuronal cells, and participation in reactive/reparative processes. (medscape.com)

Evidence from animal experiments has shown that the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) plays a key role in regulating body weight and blood glucose levels. (nin.nl)

Although spontaneous changes of [Ca 2+ ] i have been examined in immature cortical neurons, the calcium dynamics of cortical precursor cells have received less attention. (jneurosci.org)
2001) had found amniotic epithelial cells conditioned medium showed neurotrophic effect on rat embryonic day 18 (E18) cortical neurons. (scielo.org.ar)

Regional and cellular dystrophin distribution was evaluated in both human and rat hippocampi and in rat cerebellar tissue by immunofluorescent colocalization with neuronal (NeuN and calbindin) and glial (GFAP) markers. (frontiersin.org)
the location and absence of cell-specific markers suggested a glial origin for the labeled cells. (nih.gov)
Amniotic epithelial cells were known to express some of neuronal and glial cell markers (Sakuragawa et al. (scielo.org.ar)
Alternatively, NPCs can be isolated from fresh nervous tissues using cell sorting with NPC markers (PMID: 11121071). (sanbio.nl)

Some cell types, particularly those in the central nervous system, expressed high levels of this protein and others had either very low levels or none at all. (sciencedaily.com)
Western Blotting was used to determine the level of expression of CDC2 protein as measure to quantify down regulation of CDC2 expression along with use of flow cytometry to investigate effect of shRNAs on cell cycles and detection of apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
The cytoskeleton is made from protein structures called microtubules-the wispy threads surrounding the purple DNA-containing nucleus-and filaments of a protein called actin, seen here as the fine blue meshwork in the cell periphery. (nih.gov)
According to an article on the study published in Molecular Neurobiology , the researchers conducted a proteomic analysis to detect protein expression alterations in infected cells. (fapesp.br)
Synuclein is a neuronal and glial cell protein that can aggregate into insoluble fibrils and form Lewy bodies. (msdmanuals.com)

[ 10 ] In addition, gene expression profiling studies support the concept that radial glial cells from different neuroanatomic sites may be predisposed to acquiring particular genetic aberrations that result in ependymomas with site-specific genetic signatures and biologic potential. (medscape.com)
We also found AQP4 expression in a subpopulation of glial radial cells with processes that do not progress radially but, rather, curve following white matter tracts (corpus callosum and fornix), which were considered as glial stem cells (GSC). (biomedcentral.com)
This allows for the spread of electrical and chemical signals to cells within a defined radial compartment within the VZ. (jneurosci.org)

The mechanism of cell death in the brains of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome was examined in 15 cases, 8 of whom had human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) encephalitis, and in 8 control cases. (nih.gov)
Six acquired immune deficiency syndrome brains, 5 of which had HIV encephalitis, contained positive nuclei by in situ end labeling. (nih.gov)

The unfolded amyloid CsgA, which is secreted by bacteria and later aggregates extracellularly to create biofilms, mediates adherence to epithelial cells, and aids in bacteriophage defense, forms the curli fibers. (standardofcare.com)
Amniotic epithelial cells were believed to secrete an 'Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) - like' factor and exact identification was not made. (scielo.org.ar)
It is interesting to note that while factor secreted by amniotic epithelial cells resembles EGF and/or FGF-2 in its biological action, known isoforms of them were not detected. (scielo.org.ar)
Considering the biological closeness between EGF and FGF-2, results indicate the possibility of a novel isoform of these growth factors secreted by amniotic epithelial cells. (scielo.org.ar)
Amniotic epithelial cells transplantation in Parkinson model of rats was found to reverse the condition and prevent death in neurons (Kakishita et al. (scielo.org.ar)
We had also outlined various biological and social advantages by which, amniotic epithelial cells transplantation excels its precedent viz. (scielo.org.ar)
Based on the neurotropism exerted by amniotic epithelial cells conditioned medium, a diffusible neurotrophic factor produced by them had been suggested as a possible cause apart from direct cell-to-cell effects (Uchida et al. (scielo.org.ar)
This low magnification view shows the wall of the diseased gallbladder to have a top layer of highly polarized epithelial cells over a large volu. (cellimagelibrary.org)

Combined in situ end labeling and immunohistochemistry identified specific cell types. (nih.gov)
Tenascin-C mRNA was not detectable at any time in the unlesioned or lesioned inferior olivary nucleus by in situ hybridization. (researchgate.net)
Using an intact cortical mantle and confocal laser microscopy, we examined the spatiotemporal patterns of spontaneous [Ca 2+ ] i fluctuations in neocortical ventricular zone (VZ) cells in situ . (jneurosci.org)

The "stem cell" theory of tumorigenesis has it roots in the classic literature of neuropathology, dating back to early perspectives from Bailey and Cushing. (medscape.com)
Stem cells rely on extracellular signals produced by the niche, which dictate their ability to self-renew, expand and differentiate. (karger.com)
It is essential to have sensitive and reproducible methods of either quantifying or isolating these stem cells and progenitors to understand their intrinsic properties and how extrinsic signals regulate their development. (karger.com)
However, stem cells are difficult to distinguish from multipotential progenitors, which may look and act like them. (karger.com)
Placental stem cells. (scielo.org.ar)
Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have been shown to prevent brain damage and improve neurocognition following intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). (biomedcentral.com)
Immunofluorescent staining of PAX6 ( 12323-1-AP , 1:250 dilution) with 4% PFA fixed control human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived NPCs. (sanbio.nl)
NPCs can be differentiated from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) but also from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) (PMID: 11731782). (sanbio.nl)
After the experiment with stem cells, the researchers used infected neurospheres (organoids cultured in the laboratory to simulate the morphology and functioning of part of the brain) to observe what may happen during neurodevelopment. (fapesp.br)
Today, clinical trials using stem cell-derived dopaminergic progenitors have commenced. (lu.se)
These progenitors which are derived from either embryonic stem cells (ESCs) or healthy induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) express wild-type levels of a-syn, thus making them equally susceptible to developing Lewy bodies over time. (lu.se)
The idea to use transplants of dopa- ment of protocols that allow generation of fully functional mine-producing cells to substitute for the lost midbrain and safe midbrain dopamine neurons from stem cells. (lu.se)

Single-Cell Analysis of Dorsal Root Ganglia Reveals Metalloproteinase Signaling in Satellite Glial Cells and Pain. (iasp-pain.org)
However, synuclein can accumulate in many other parts of the nervous system, including the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve, basal nucleus of Meynert, hypothalamus, neocortex, olfactory bulb, sympathetic ganglia, and myenteric plexus of the gastrointestinal tract. (msdmanuals.com)

Human brain sections were stained with rabbit anti-GFAP antibody and CF®640R goat anti-rabbit (glia, magenta) and DAPI (nuclei, blue). (biotium.com)

The region containing the nucleus has the largest volume of cytoplasm, making this region of the SGC sheath thicker. (wikipedia.org)
Modeling of T-cell immunodeficiency during pregnancy in the mother does not lead to a significant change in the levels of activity of SDH, LDH, NADHDH and NADPHDH in the cytoplasm of fetal hepatocytes. (sgma.info)

Schwann cells, the main glial cell in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), ensheath bundles of small unmyelinated axons or form myelin on larger axons. (biorxiv.org)
Early steps in myelination in the central nervous system (CNS) include a specialized and extreme form of cell spreading in which oligodendrocytes extend large lamellae that spiral around axons to form myelin. (rupress.org)
Slender processes of NEURONS, including the AXONS and their glial envelopes (MYELIN SHEATH). (bvsalud.org)

This study investigated the effect of low-intensity blue light on the albino Wistar rat retina, including intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs). (mdpi.com)

Moreover, single-nucleus transcriptomics uncovered the need for simultaneous expression of specific transcription factors able to convert various glial subtypes into neurons, without relying on a specific subtype preference. (lu.se)

Satellite glial cells, formerly called amphicytes, are glial cells that cover the surface of neuron cell bodies in ganglia of the peripheral nervous system. (wikipedia.org)
Satellite glial cells are a type of glia found in the peripheral nervous system, specifically in sensory, sympathetic, and parasympathetic ganglia. (wikipedia.org)
To investigate whether tenascin-C and tenascin-R may play important functional roles in the lesioned central nervous system, we have analysed their expression in the olivocerebellar system of the adult rat after 3-acetylpyridine-induced degeneration of nerve cells in the inferior olivary nucleus. (researchgate.net)
A subset of NSCs is present in the developed nervous system and acts as a reservoir of cells for cell replacement and nervous tissue regeneration (PMID: 20110496). (sanbio.nl)
NPCs are distinct from differentiated cells of the nervous system at the molecular level. (sanbio.nl)
Ependymoblastoma, an aggressive embryonal tumor containing multilayered (ependymoblastic) rosettes in addition to primitive small round blue cells, is now considered a form of primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the central nervous system (CNS) and is discussed elsewhere in that context. (medscape.com)
the donor.4,11 In the case of nerve cells obtained from either delivery of dopamine released from cells the developing central nervous system (CNS), the opti- implanted into the ventricle, adjacent to the stria- mal age was shown to be at, or close to, the cell-cycle tum,6,7 or restoration of synaptic dopamine release exit. (lu.se)

The SN and glial cell nuclei were most abundant in the lower cortical laminae. (aston.ac.uk)

In some SGCs of the sensory ganglia researchers have seen a single cilium that extends outward from the cell surface near the nucleus and into the extracellular space of a deep indentation in the plasma membrane. (wikipedia.org)
Satellite glial cells in sensory ganglia are laminar cells that wrap around sensory neurons. (wikipedia.org)
Some sensory neurons have small projections called microvilli that extend outward from their cell surfaces. (wikipedia.org)
PNS injuries initiate transcriptional reprograming in both Schwann cells and sensory neurons that promotes regeneration. (biorxiv.org)
While the factors that initiate the transcriptional reprograming in Schwann cells are well characterized, the full range of stimuli that initiate this reprograming in sensory neurons remain elusive. (biorxiv.org)
By profiling sensory ganglia at single-cell resolution we show that this demyelination induces transcriptional reprogramming preferably in proprioceptive and Aβ RA-LTMR neurons. (biorxiv.org)
Transcriptional reprograming is assumed to be a cell autonomous response of sensory neurons to mechanical axonal injury. (biorxiv.org)
By identifying similar reprograming in non-injured, demyelinated neurons, our study suggests that this reprograming represents a non-cell autonomous transcriptional response of sensory neurons to the loss of axon-Schwann cell interactions. (biorxiv.org)
Schwann cell loss results in transcriptional reprograming in specific sensory neurons. (biorxiv.org)
It contains both sensory and motor nuclei. (brainscape.com)

Not only do choroid plexus tumors and ependymomas (including the various histologic subtypes) clearly recapitulate specific cell types found at various stages in this ontologic sequence, so too do a variety of other uncommon and/or relatively recently recognized entities. (medscape.com)

Because of this local degeneration of a relatively small population of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain, PD has been considered an especially interesting candidate for cell-replacement therapy. (lu.se)

C ) Cerebellar tissue from Control and Ttbk2 c.mut mice at 3 months after loss of Ttbk2 , immunostained for Calbindin to label Purkinje cells (red) and VGLUT2 to show climbing fiber synapses (green). (elifesciences.org)

Alpha-synuclein can also be found in the non-neuronal glial cells. (standardofcare.com)
Alpha-synuclein is extensively localized in the nucleus of brain neurons. (standardofcare.com)

In male rats, TRAP significantly increased hippocampal neurogenesis, while in females, TRAP increased granule cell layer width. (nature.com)

The discovery of TRF has been intriguing because for perhaps the last fifteen years we thought that the basal transcriptional machinery of the cell was essentially invariant," said Tjian, who is at the University of California, Berkeley. (sciencedaily.com)

Think about clusters of neuron cell bodies outside the CNS. (brainscape.com)
2003). Similarly, when transplanted into ischemic cortical areas, they were found to differentiate into 'neuron-like' cells (Okawa et al. (scielo.org.ar)

Cell Therapy for Parkinson's Disease: What Next? (lu.se)

a little penetrated the cell bodies of glia and neurones, but the neuropile was unstained. (biologists.com)
However, post-mortem analysis of transplanted tissue revealed accumulation of pathological Lewy bodies in a small subset of transplanted cells over time, revealing a host-to-graft disease propagation. (lu.se)

This is in part because the high-quality, fresh-frozen human brain tissue from patients with COVID-19 needed for single-cell transcriptomic studies is largely inaccessible, and methods to isolate human brain barrier cells have only recently emerged 22 , 23 . (nature.com)
Fig. 1: Overview of diverse brain and choroid plexus cell types captured from post-mortem tissue from patients with COVID-19. (nature.com)
In biology , a tissue consists of a group of similar cells and their intercellular material that work together to perform a function. (britannica.com)
Meristematic tissue is an "immature" tissue in that it is the tissue in which cell division and thus growth occurs. (britannica.com)
Meristematic tissue (also known simply as meristem) is the primary site of cell division in vascular plants, such as angiosperms and gymnosperms. (britannica.com)
Collenchyma tissue is similar to parenchyma, but its cells have thick deposits of cellulose in their cell walls. (britannica.com)
Sclerenchyma tissue is composed of hard, woody cells that characteristically provide support and strength to the plant. (britannica.com)
Transplantations of fetal tissue in the 1980s and 1990s provided proof-of-concept for the potential of cell replacement therapy for PD and some patients benefitted greatly from their transplants. (lu.se)

Here we characterized the transcriptomes of 65,309 nuclei isolated from the brains of 14 control individuals and 8 patients with COVID-19 (Fig. 1a , Supplementary Table 1 ). (nature.com)

Each side of the cell body extends outward, forming perineuronal processes. (wikipedia.org)

Specialized ependyma of the circumventricular organs and choroid plexus cells are additional highly specialized ependymal cells that ultimately derive from this developmental pathway. (medscape.com)
Although our systematic analysis yields no molecular traces of SARS-CoV-2 in the brain, we observe broad cellular perturbations indicating that barrier cells of the choroid plexus sense and relay peripheral inflammation into the brain and show that peripheral T cells infiltrate the parenchyma. (nature.com)
The CSF is produced inside the ventricles by the choroid plexus (ChP), and to a lesser extent, ependymal cells, and then flows through the ventricular system, exiting toward the subarachnoid space through the foramina of Lushka and Magendie. (biomedcentral.com)
Intraventricular meningiomas probably arise from the meningothelial cells of the tela choroidea, where there is an arachnoidal invagination into the stromal base of the choroid plexus. (medscape.com)

Despite their flattened shape, satellite glial cells contain all common organelles necessary to make cellular products and to maintain the homeostatic environment of the cell. (wikipedia.org)
After gene manipulation, we further investigated the characteristics of cellular HMGB1 in HEI-OC1 cells. (frontiersin.org)
The higher cell viability observed in the HMGB1 knocked-down group after stimulation with H 2 O 2 indicated the possible negative effect of HMGB1 on cellular lifespan. (frontiersin.org)
The Incucyte ® Live-Cell Analysis System delivers flexible kinetic quantification of biological phenotypes to monitor growth, motility, morphology, and cellular function. (news-medical.net)
Cellular morphology, time-lapse imaging, and nuclear staining demonstrated that this activity occurred in mitotically active cells. (jneurosci.org)
Retroviral vectors expressing short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) against CDC2 caused efficient deletion of CDC2, cellular G2/M arrest concluding in apoptosis and inhibition of proliferation in human glioma cells U251 and SHG-44 cell lines ex vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
The cell cycle is a complex process with myriad genes involved and elaborate and complex signaling mechanisms to allow for this critical cellular process. (biomedcentral.com)
Again, Brazilian zika modulated the cellular metabolism and also controlled the metabolism of the RNA [ expressed in the nuclei of infected cells ]. (fapesp.br)
We measure cellular forces in cells and tissues with high spatial resolution using arrays of vertical nanowires. (lu.se)
Specialized cell structures called ribosomes are the cellular organelles that actually synthesize the proteins (RNA transcription). (cdc.gov)

Immunohistochemical techniques were used to quantify cell density of neuronal and glial components of the corpus striatum in eight South African Mn mine workers without clinical evidence of a movement disorder and eight age-race-gender matched, non-Mn mine workers. (cdc.gov)

We provide evidence that the two cell sources can successfully convert into subtype-specific GABAergic interneurons. (lu.se)
We further explore the contribution of various glial cells in a 3D co-culture setting with interneurons employing both functional and molecular analyses. (lu.se)

Direct neuronal conversion of resident glial cells is advantageous since they are ubiquitously distributed brain cells able to self-renew and replenish their number, making them ideal candidates for endogenous repair. (lu.se)

Homocysteine enhances transmigration of rat monocytes through a brain capillary endothelial cell monolayer via ICAM-1. (uibk.ac.at)
Monocytes deliver bioactive nerve growth factor through a brain capillary endothelial cell-monolayer in vitro and counteract degeneration of cholinergic neurons. (uibk.ac.at)
Rotenone induces cell death of cholinergic neurons in an organotypic co-culture brain slice model. (uibk.ac.at)
Across cell types, perturbations associated with COVID-19 overlap with those found in chronic brain disorders and reside in genetic variants associated with cognition, schizophrenia and depression. (nature.com)
Critically, a comprehensive assessment across specific cell types in the brain affected by severe COVID-19 is missing. (nature.com)
The knowledge of brain metallothionein (MT) regulation and especially of MT presence in specific cell types is scarce. (nih.gov)
Temporal monitoring of brain region astroglia revealed differences in cell growth and morphology. (news-medical.net)
However it remains unknown which endocytic pathways are active in brain endothelial cells. (helsinki.fi)
The characterization of BBB cells would help light on the exact mechanism of nanoparticle delivery into the brain, which would enable the design of targeted nanoparticles to deliver drugs to the CNS. (helsinki.fi)
In present study we characterized human brain endothelial cells, hCMEC/D3, which are widely utilized as BBB in vitro model. (helsinki.fi)
As brain endothelial cells are polarized in vivo, the aim of the study was to demonstrate the cell polarization of hCMEC/D3 cells and to study the activity and functionality of different endocytic pathways as a function of cell polarization. (helsinki.fi)
They discovered that when zika virus invades the fetal brain, it modulates energy production and controls the RNA metabolism expressed in cell nuclei. (fapesp.br)
Direct neuronal reprogramming of a somatic cell into therapeutic neurons, without a transient pluripotent state, provides new promise for the large number of individuals afflicted by neurodegenerative diseases or brain injury. (lu.se)
This approach could be potentially applied directly in the brain by targeting resident cells as a source of new neurons. (lu.se)

These results demonstrate distinct patterns of spontaneous [Ca 2+ ] i change in cortical precursor cells and raise the possibility that these dynamics may contribute to the regulation of neurogenesis. (jneurosci.org)
Glial cell production increases as neurogenesis declines, peaking during the early postnatal period ( Bayer and Altman, 1991 ). (jneurosci.org)

α2β1γ1) stimulates oligodendrocytes to extend elaborate membrane sheets in vitro (cell spreading), mediated by integrin α6β1. (rupress.org)

During this time, precursor cells undergo interkinetic nuclear migration ( Seymour and Berry, 1975 ) in which cells in the DNA synthetic S phase have their nuclei in the upper third of the VZ. (jneurosci.org)

It is essential for cell homeostasis and survival and has been related to various diseases and pathophysiology. (helsinki.fi)
When the genetic information containing the "blueprint" for these substances is disrupted, cell homeostasis is disrupted, resulting in a wide-range of immediate and/or delayed toxicological effects. (cdc.gov)

OPC, oligodendrocyte precursor cell. (nature.com)

Immunohistochemical staining confirmed that these events occurred primarily in precursor cells rather than in postmitotic neurons. (jneurosci.org)
The morphological characteristics of these cells and immunohistochemical staining suggested that the coordinated events occurred in gap junction-coupled precursor cells. (jneurosci.org)
Both intrinsic and extrinsic signals are likely to influence the proliferative potential and eventual fates of precursor cells within the VZ. (jneurosci.org)

To address this, we investigated the neuronal and glial populations in the PVN of 26 T2DM patients and 20 matched controls. (nin.nl)

The advent of iPSCs has opened up the possibility to graft patient-specific cells which most likely would circumvent the need for immunosuppression. (lu.se)

Inflamed and dysfunctional NTS and other key brainstem nuclei may play a pivotal role in triggering memory and cognitive dysfunction in OSA. (hindawi.com)
Following the establishment of successful conversion protocols, we then introduce a 3D model for direct conversion that replicates the cell-cell interactions pivotal for physiological relevance, leading to an accelerated induction of functional neurons (Paper III). (lu.se)

Retroviral vectors expressing short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) targeted against CDC2 were designed and transducted into human glioma cell line ex vivo in order to downregulate the expression of CDC2. (biomedcentral.com)
Downregulation of CDC2 could potentialy inhibit human gliomas cells growth ex vivo and in vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
To reveal the roles of CDC2/Cyclin B1 in human malignant gliomas, CDC2 in glioma cell line, it was down-regulated by retrovirus vectors expressing short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) ex vivo and in vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
Human embryonic kidney cells 293 (HEK-293) and hPREP knockout cell line created from them by using CRISPR/Cas9-silencing were used in the experiments. (helsinki.fi)
In this image, Torsten Wittmann, an NIH-funded cell biologist at the University of California, San Francisco, reveals the usually-invisible cytoskeleton of a normal human skin cell that lends the cell its mobility. (nih.gov)
The human body has nearly 1013 cells. (cdc.gov)

Hemorrhages, hard congestion and infiltration with mononuclear cells in lungs and kidneys. (cdc.gov)
Ubiquitin enzymes, ubiquitin and proteasome activity in blood mononuclear cells of MCI, Alzheimer and Parkinson patients. (uibk.ac.at)

Meninges, choroidal plexus, ependymal and endothelial cells were also MT-immunoreactive. (nih.gov)

In the sympathetic ganglia, satellite glial cells are one of three main types of cells, the other two being the sympathetic ganglion neurons and small intensely fluorescent (SIF) cells. (wikipedia.org)
SIF cells of sympathetic ganglia are separated into groups, each of which is surrounded by an SGC sheath. (wikipedia.org)

Anatomy99

Organisms14

Diseases11

Chemicals and Drugs58

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment27

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes44

Disciplines and Occupations3

Information Science3

Health Care1

Neurons and glial cells3

Progenitor cells3

Caudate nucleus3

Astrocytes6

Cortex10

Differentiation4

Neural16

Cerebellum2

Microglia1

Spinal cord5

Neuronal cells4

Hypothalamic1

Cortical neurons2

Markers4

Protein5

Radial3

Encephalitis2

Epithelial cells8

Situ3

Stem12

Dorsal2

GFAP1

Cytoplasm2

Axons3

Retinal gangl1

Single-nucleus1

Nervous System7

Abundant1

Sensory10

Subtypes1

Midbrain1

Calbindin1

Synuclein2

Hippocampal1

Basal1

Neuron2

Therapy for Parkinson's Disease1

Bodies2

Tissue8

Brains1

Processes1

Choroid plexus4

Cellular10

Corpus1

Interneurons2

Ubiquitously distributed1

Brain14

Neurogenesis2

Oligodendrocytes1

Undergo1

Homeostasis2

Oligodendrocyte prec1

Precursor3

Populations1

IPSCs1

Pivotal2

Human6

Mononuclear cells2

Endothelial cells1

Sympathetic ganglia2