• Crystal Structure of the Human Ecto-5'-Nucleotidase (CD73): Insights Into the Regulation of Purinergic Signaling. (atomistry.com)
  • To quantify these factors, we utilized reaction-diffusion numerical simulations of 1) adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis into adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and 2) AMP into adenosine (Ado) via two representative nucleotidases, CD39 and CD73. (humanbioscience.org)
  • Altogether, our studies suggest that CD39 and CD73 nucleotidase activity within junctional spaces can exploit their confinement and favorable electrostatic interactions to finely control nucleotide signaling. (humanbioscience.org)
  • Ecto-5'-nucleotidase (NT5E, also known as CD73) hydrolyzes extracellular adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine in nociceptive circuits. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2015). Deficits in Endogenous Adenosine Formation by Ecto-5′-Nucleotidase/CD73 Impair Neuromuscular Transmission and Immune Competence in Experimental Autoimmune Myasthenia Gravis . (up.pt)
  • Extracellular ATP is a danger signal to the brain and contributes to neurodegeneration in animal models of Alzheimer's disease through its extracellular catabolism by CD73 to generate adenosine, bolstering the activation of adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR). (uc.pt)
  • ecto-5′-Nucleotidase (eN, CD73) plays a major role in controlling extracellular adenosine levels. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73) is expressed by T-cell subsets, myeloid derived suppressive cells and endothelial cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Adenosine has previously been shown to suppress the proliferation and cytokine secretion of T-cells and recent evidence suggests that inhibition of CD73 has the potential to enhance T-cell directed therapies. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Wolff G, Truse R, Decking U. Extracellular Adenosine Formation by Ecto-5'-Nucleotidase (CD73) Is No Essential Trigger for Early Phase Ischemic Preconditioning. (medscape.com)
  • Alternative splicing of human NT5E in cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma produces a negative regulator of ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73). (medscape.com)
  • abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Mutations in the 5'-nucleotidase ecto (NT5E) gene that encodes CD73, a nucleotidase that converts AMP to adenosine, are linked to arterial calcification. (shengsci.com)
  • We evaluate these sequentially-coupled reactions in nanodomain geometries representative of extracellular synapses, within which we localize the nucleotidases. (humanbioscience.org)
  • Ecto-5'-nucleotidase (NT5E) is a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored membrane protein that catalyzes the hydrolysis of extracellular AMP to adenosine [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mechanisms whereby extracellular adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate inhibits phosphate transport in cultured opossum kidney cells and in rat kidney. (jci.org)
  • Radioactivity accumulation was decreased by dipyridamole and by inhibitors of phosphodiesterases and ecto-5'-nucleotidase, assessing the existence of stepwise hydrolysis of extracellular cAMP and intracellular processing of taken up adenosine. (jci.org)
  • Purinergic Signaling, Extracellular Nucleotides and Nucleotidases. (uc.edu)
  • For the polymorphism in NT5E, a gene coding for a nucleotidase for extracellular adenosine synthesis, there were differences both regarding genotype distribution between the groups, and in the progression of the disease. (uppsatser.se)
  • Therefore, I investigated the distribution of ecto-50-nucleotidase (50-NT), the key enzyme for the production of extracellular adenosine. (uaeu.ac.ae)
  • Biologically, PAP exhibits both phosphatase activity and ecto-5 0 -nucleotidase activity, generating extracellular phosphate and adenosine as the final products. (mssm.edu)
  • This product is then hydrolysed by 3'(2'),5'-bisphosphate nucleotidase to give adenosine monophosphate, which can then be recycled into adenosine triphosphate. (wikipedia.org)
  • If we perform a series of hydrolysis reactions, we then convert ADP to adenosine monophosphate (AMP). (tigerfitness.com)
  • Adenosine monophosphate, also known as adenylic acid or 5'-AMP, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as purine ribonucleoside monophosphates. (ymdb.ca)
  • Adenosine monophosphate is a strong basic compound (based on its pKa). (ymdb.ca)
  • Adenosine monophosphate exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. (ymdb.ca)
  • Furthermore, studies in genetic models for adenosine receptors implicated the A2B adenosine receptor (Adora2b) in mediating ENTdependent lung protection. (elsevierpure.com)
  • These effects are mediated by the adenosine G portein-coupled receptors. (guidetomalariapharmacology.org)
  • All four adenosine receptors are expressed on the surface of mouse invariant NKT (iNKT) cells. (guidetomalariapharmacology.org)
  • Adenosine receptors are closely associated with dopamine receptors and form heteromer s with them. (adxs.org)
  • At the same time, adenosine modulates striatal DA release by stimulating glutamate release at adenosine receptors in the striatum , which increases dopamine levels. (adxs.org)
  • Part of this adenosine is discharged from the cell and binds to adenosine receptors of neighboring cells, which is supposed to compensate for the disturbed balance between energy consumption and energy supply. (adxs.org)
  • Caffeine is an antagonist at adenosine receptors, which tells us that adenosine is important in the regulation of vigilance. (heresy.is)
  • Adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate is produced as a product of sulfotransferase enzymes from the donation of a sulfate group from the coenzyme 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate. (wikipedia.org)
  • Since adenosine has antinociceptive effects in rodents and humans, we hypothesized that NT5E, an enzyme that generates adenosine, might also have antinociceptive effects in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Considering that both PAP and NT5E generate adenosine, we hypothesized that NT5E protein might also have A 1 R-dependent antinociceptive effects. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These results indicate that luminal degradation of cAMP into adenosine, followed by cellular uptake of the nucleoside by tubular cells, is a key event which accounts for the phosphaturic effect of exogenous cAMP and for the part of the phosphaturic effect of PTH which is mediated by cAMP added to the tubular lumen under the influence of the hormone. (jci.org)
  • Adenosine signaling is terminated by its uptake through equilibrative nucleoside transporters (ENTs). (elsevierpure.com)
  • Nucleotides 1" By Boris (PNG), SVG by Sjef - en:Image:Nucleotides.png (Public Domain) via Commons Wikimedia, Lakna, a graduate in Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, is a Molecular Biologist and has a broad and keen interest in the discovery of nature related things, Difference Between Nucleotide and Nucleoside, 3. (paragonlockandsafe.com)
  • These data suggested that spinal delivery of PAP protein could be used therapeutically to generate adenosine and activate A 1 R over an extended time period. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate is a form of an adenosine nucleotide with two phosphate groups attached to different carbons in the ribose ring. (wikipedia.org)
  • Finally, the activity of the sodium-potassium (Na+/K+) adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) increases with maturation, which affects the sodium-calcium exchange mechanism. (medscape.com)
  • This change has been linked to activation of energy-consuming processes, which leads to decreased levels of adenosine triphosphatase (ATP) and a subsequent lack of energy sources for healthy cardiac function. (medscape.com)
  • Adenosine triphosphatase activity in normal and obese-hyperglycaemic mice. (taljedal.se)
  • 5-Nucleotidase and adenosine triphosphatase activities in normal and cortisone-treated rats. (taljedal.se)
  • It works in conjunction with CD39 to regulate the formation and degradation of adenosine in vivo. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Insufficient hepatic O 2 in animal and human studies has been shown to elicit a hepatorenal reflex in response to increased hepatic adenosine, resulting in the stimulation of renal as well as muscle sympathetic nerve activity and activating the renin angiotensin system. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • 21. Johansson S & T ljedal I-B: Stimulation of 5-nucleotidase activity in the pancreatic islets by glucagon. (taljedal.se)
  • This is then followed by dephosphorylation (removal of a phosphate group) by a nucleotidase to form inosine. (tigerfitness.com)
  • Removing a phosphate group via nucleotidase to form adenosine followed by deamination (removal of a -NH2 amino group) to form inosine. (tigerfitness.com)
  • Cloning of a mouse cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase-I identifies a new gene related to human autoimmune infertility-related protein. (nih.gov)
  • Subsequent studies in gene-targeted mice for Ent1 or Ent2 revealed a selective phenotype in Ent2-/-mice, including attenuated pulmonary edema and improved gas exchange during ALI in conjunction with elevated adenosine levels in the bronchoalveolar fluid. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The results shows that for the polymorphism in A2a, a gene coding for an adenosine receptor, there was no significant difference in genotype distribution between the groups. (uppsatser.se)
  • We hypothesized that ENT-dependent adenosine uptake could be targeted to enhance adenosine-mediated lung protection. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Adenosine phosphosulfate (also known as APS) is the initial compound formed by the action of ATP sulfurylase (or PAPS synthetase) on sulfate ions after sulfate uptake. (ecmdb.ca)
  • In this project, three polymorphisms in different genes, involved in synthesis and signaling of adenosine, were genotyped for 188 patients with RA and 362 controls without RA. (uppsatser.se)
  • The circadian protein Nocturnin (NOCT) belongs to the exonuclease, endonuclease and phosphatase superfamily and is most similar to the CCR4-class of deadenylases that degrade the poly-adenosine tails of mRNAs. (rhea-db.org)
  • eN inhibitors have potential as novel drugs, for example, for the treatment of cancer. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In the present study, we synthesized and investigated a series of 55 anthraquinone derivatives as potential inhibitors of eN, 11 of which are novel compounds and another 11 of which had previously been described but have now been synthesized by an improved method. (elsevierpure.com)
  • We identified several potent inhibitors of rat eN. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In the presence of substrates ATP, ADP, AMP and adenosine, the activities of E-NTPDase, 5´-NT or E-ADA were significantly modulated by V. breviflora. (bvsalud.org)
  • In contrast, mNT5E had no antinociceptive effects when injected intrathecally into adenosine A 1 receptor ( A 1 R, Adora1 ) knockout mice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The role of ecto-5'-nucleotidase in endothelial dysfunction and vascular pathologies. (medscape.com)
  • Contribution of adenosine related genes to the risk of depression with disturbed sleep. (nih.gov)
  • Hepatic fructose metabolism rapidly consumes ATP resulting in increased adenosine production and hyperuricemia as well as elevated renin release and sympathetic activity. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • While the contributions of electrostatic and steric interactions within such nanodomains are known to shape diffusion-limited reaction rates, less is understood about how these factors control the kinetics of nucleotidase activity. (humanbioscience.org)
  • 5′-Nucleotidase (5NT) is an intrinsic membrane glycoprotein that is present as an enzyme in a wide variety of mammalian cells. (medscape.com)
  • Serum levels of 5′-nucleotidase in disease. (medscape.com)
  • Braun, JS 2010, ' Ecto-5′-nucleotidase-positive cells in the choroid and ciliary body of the rat eye ', Anatomical Record , vol. 293, no. 3, pp. 379-382. (uaeu.ac.ae)
  • Adenosine is found in almost all body cells. (adxs.org)
  • Among other things, adenosine is used for autoregulation in the event of an imminent lack of energy in the cell (e.g. when the cell's performance is overloaded or when there is a lack of oxygen): If the ATP content in a cell drops, more adenosine is produced as a hydrolysis product. (adxs.org)
  • The aim of this report was to find out if adenosine can be produced locally in the choroid and ciliary body. (uaeu.ac.ae)