• In genetics and developmental biology, somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a laboratory strategy for creating a viable embryo from a body cell and an egg cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • Controversy surrounds human ESC work due to the destruction of viable human embryos, leading scientists to seek alternative methods of obtaining pluripotent stem cells, SCNT is one such method. (wikipedia.org)
  • For example, if a person with Parkinson's disease donated their somatic cells, the stem cells resulting from SCNT would have genes that contribute to Parkinson's disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Another application of SCNT stem cell research is using the patient specific stem cell lines to generate tissues or even organs for transplant into the specific patient. (wikipedia.org)
  • Only a handful of the labs in the world are currently using SCNT techniques in human stem cell research. (wikipedia.org)
  • Analysis of the effectiveness of caffeine and MG132 for improving somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) technology using cryopreserved eggs showed that supplementation did not improve the blastocyst formation rate of cloned mouse eggs. (molcells.org)
  • Here, we report the recovery of cell nuclei from 14,000-15,000 years old mammoth tissues and the injection of those nuclei into mouse enucleated matured oocytes by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). (go.jp)
  • For the most part, cloning is achieved through a process known as somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). (syfy.com)
  • The technique consists of taking an denucleated oocyte (egg cell) and implanting a donor nucleus from a somatic (body) cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • Somatic cell nuclear transfer is a technique for cloning in which the nucleus of a somatic cell is transferred to the cytoplasm of an enucleated egg. (wikipedia.org)
  • After the somatic cell transfers, the cytoplasmic factors affect the nucleus to become a zygote. (wikipedia.org)
  • After being inserted into the egg, the somatic cell nucleus is reprogrammed by its host egg cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • The ovum, now containing the somatic cell's nucleus, is stimulated with a shock and will begin to divide. (wikipedia.org)
  • Somatic cell cloning (cloning or nuclear transfer) is a technique in which the nucleus (DNA) of a somatic cell is transferred into an enucleated metaphase-II oocyte for the generation of a new individual, genetically identical to the somatic cell donor (Figure 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • It demonstrated that genes inactivated during tissue differentiation can be completely re-activated by a process called nuclear reprogramming: the reversion of a differentiated nucleus back to a totipotent status. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The success of somatic cell nuclear transfer depends critically on the cell cycle stage of the donor nucleus and the recipient cytoplast. (bvsalud.org)
  • The technique involves removing the nucleus of an egg cell and replacing it with a somatic (body) cell from the animal you want to clone. (syfy.com)
  • 3. What does the nucleus of a somatic cell contain that is necessary for this process? (scienceteacherprogram.org)
  • These cells were then used as donor cells in a process called somatic cell nuclear transfer, where the nucleus of a donor cell carrying the new gene is inserted into an egg cell, known as an ovum, from a female cow. (siasat.com)
  • They pioneered a new technique of starving embryo cells before transferring their nucleus to fertilized egg cells. (shawprize.org)
  • One of the live-born lambs, Dolly, was derived from the transplantation of the nucleus of an adult mammary cell. (shawprize.org)
  • The birth and adult development of 'Dolly' the sheep, the first mammal produced by the transfer of a terminally differentiated cell nucleus into an egg, provided unequivocal evidence of nuclear equivalence among somatic cells. (bioscientifica.com)
  • Each cell (except for red blood cells) contains a nucleus that houses these chromosomes. (cdc.gov)
  • this approach has been championed as an answer to the many issues concerning embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and the destruction of viable embryos for medical use, though questions remain on how homologous the two cell types truly are. (wikipedia.org)
  • The blastocyst stage is developed by the egg to help create embryonic stem cells from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst. (wikipedia.org)
  • Embryonic stem cells are undifferentiated cells of an embryo. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the United States, scientists at the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, the University of California San Francisco, the Oregon Health & Science University, Stemagen (La Jolla, CA) and possibly Advanced Cell Technology are currently researching a technique to use somatic cell nuclear transfer to produce embryonic stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • CD140b is expressed by embryonic tissues and mesenchymal-derived cells of the adult mouse tissues. (thermofisher.com)
  • In 1995, they produced a pair of lambs called Megan and Morag from embryonic cells. (shawprize.org)
  • They performed nuclear transfer experiments in which nuclei from embryonic, foetal and adult cells of the sheep were transplanted into fertilized eggs derived from ewes. (shawprize.org)
  • Following germinal vesicle break down (GVBD) the oocyte is transcriptionally quiescent until fertilization and activation of the embryonic genome, occurring at the four-cell stage of development in the pig [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Embryonic stem cells, which must be extracted from embryos three to five days old (known as blastocysts, which contain only about 150 cells at this point of development). (articlecity.com)
  • Adult stem cells, which are present in small amounts in adult tissue but less adaptable than embryonic stem cells, making their use in medical treatments more challenging. (articlecity.com)
  • They have many of the positive characteristics of embryonic stem cells while sourcing material is far less challenging, since postpartum tissue can be used. (articlecity.com)
  • In particular, the invention relates to methods of inducing differentiation of embryonic stem cells into muscle cells or vascular endothelial cells. (justia.com)
  • Embryonic stem (ES) cells are derived from the embryo and are pluripotent, thus possessing the capability of developing into any organ, cell type or tissue type. (justia.com)
  • However, the molecular pathways that lead to specification and terminal differentiation of specific cell types, such as myocytes, from embryonic stem cells during development are not entirely clear. (justia.com)
  • culturing a stem cell in the presence of an embryonic cell and/or extracellular medium of an embryonic cell, under conditions that induce differentiation of the stem cell. (justia.com)
  • Although the genome-wide DNA demethylation is believed to be a hallmark of mammalian embryogenesis, previous study also indicated that the somatic form of dnmt1 ( dnmt1s ) is actually expressed at each stage of pre-implantation embryos and plays a role in the maintenance of DNA imprinting 8 . (nature.com)
  • Cloning by nuclear transfer using mammalian somatic cells has enormous potential application. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Following two postdoctoral positions he joined the Roslin Institute in Scotland in 1991, where he applied his previous experience to the production of mammalian embryos by nuclear transfer. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • Attempts were then made to show that mammalian cells - and human cells in particular - could also be reprogrammed back to a pluripotent state, because it is believed that such knowledge may advance our understanding of developmental mechanisms, and yield new approaches for disease treatment. (shawprize.org)
  • Maturation of the mammalian oocyte is a complex process involving internal checkpoints and bidirectional communication with the surrounding cumulus cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These developmental defects have been attributed to incomplete reprogramming of the somatic nuclei by the cloning process. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These observations suggest that further studies on nuclear reprogramming are needed in order to understand the underlying mechanisms of reprogramming and significantly improve the ability of the differentiated somatic nuclei to be reprogrammed. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Transplantation of living nuclei from blastula cells into enucleated frogs' eggs. (chinagene.cn)
  • Somatic cell nuclear transplantation has become a focus of study in stem cell research. (wikipedia.org)
  • For example, because hematopoietic stem cells can reconstitute the entire blood system, bone marrow transplantation has long been used in the clinic to treat various diseases. (articlecity.com)
  • Similarly, the transplantation of other tissue-specific stem cells, such as stem cells isolated from epithelial and neural tissues, can treat mouse disease models and human patients in which epithelial and neural cells are damaged. (articlecity.com)
  • The induction of a specific differentiated cell type can be useful for transplantation or drug screening and drug discovery in vitro. (justia.com)
  • In particular, the induction of stem cells to differentiate into muscle cells (myocytes) is useful for muscle transplantation and therapeutic purposes, as well as providing potential human disease models in culture (e.g. for testing pharmaceuticals). (justia.com)
  • Second-line chemotherapy regimens vary, depending on whether hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is being considered. (medscape.com)
  • Development will ensue normally and after many mitotic divisions, the single cell forms a blastocyst (an early stage embryo with about 100 cells) with an identical genome to the original organism (i.e. a clone). (wikipedia.org)
  • Stem cells can then be obtained by the destruction of this clone embryo for use in therapeutic cloning or in the case of reproductive cloning the clone embryo is implanted into a host mother for further development and brought to term. (wikipedia.org)
  • The aim of carrying out this procedure is to obtain pluripotent cells from a cloned embryo. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 1-cell and 2-cell embryos Dnmt1s is derived from the oocyte, whereas from the 2-cell stage onward the embryo starts to synthesize its own Dnmt1s 8 . (nature.com)
  • Although the efficiency of nuclear transfer has been dramatically improved from the initial success rate of one live clone born from 277 embryo transfers [ 1 ], none of the aforementioned efforts abolished the common problems associated with nuclear transfer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 3. How is the embryo transfer conducted? (scienceteacherprogram.org)
  • Much of this research was presented and discussed at the annual meeting of the International Embryo Transfer Society where he will be remembered as an enthusiastic participant in discussions on current topics. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • During the development of vertebrates, including humans, the fertilized egg develops into the embryo, and the cells in the embryo then proceed to differentiate to form somatic cells of different tissues and organs. (shawprize.org)
  • The fertilized egg is considered totipotent, as it can develop into a whole organism, while the cells in the embryo are pluripotent because they are capable of differentiating into somatic cells that make up all the organs. (shawprize.org)
  • The somatic cell and the oocyte is then fused (f) and the embryos is allowed to develop to a blastocyst in vitro (g). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Currently, the efficiency for nuclear transfer is between 0-10%, i.e., 0-10 live births after transfer of 100 cloned embryos. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This article summarizes the history and current situation in fish nuclear transfer tech-nology and discusses the factors that may influence the development of the cloned embryos. (chinagene.cn)
  • These ovum were then nurtured in the lab into embryos before being transferred into mother cows for a normal pregnancy cycle, in which cows were produced with no off target effects on the animals' genetics - a common problem when creating transgenic animals using CRISPR. (siasat.com)
  • Stem cells exist both in embryos and adult cells. (articlecity.com)
  • Starting from the zygotic genome, stage- and cell-type-specific transcription factors initiate regulatory cascades that induce cell differentiation. (nature.com)
  • Altered epigenomes can lead to changes in programmed cell differentiation or, when accidental, to disease (bottom right). (nature.com)
  • Professor Campbell was a cell biologist/embryologist with a research career spanning more than 30 years, the majority of which was in the field of cell growth and differentiation. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • His pioneering studies into cell-cycle control and cellular differentiation led to the programme of work at Roslin that gave birth to the first mammal to be cloned from adult cells - ie. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • This ground-breaking experiment challenged a long-standing dogma of irreversible cellular differentiation that prevailed for over a century and enabled the development of methodologies for reversal of differentiation of somatic cells, also known as nuclear reprogramming. (bioscientifica.com)
  • Stem cells are defined by their capacity for self-renewal and multilineage differentiation, making them uniquely situated to treat a broad spectrum of human diseases. (articlecity.com)
  • The present invention relates to methods of inducing differentiation of stem cells. (justia.com)
  • The process of differentiation in stem cells involves selective development of immature cells to committed and fully mature cells of various lineages. (justia.com)
  • Differentiation of stem cells is known be triggered by various growth factors and regulatory molecules. (justia.com)
  • During differentiation the expression of stem cell specific genes and markers are often lost and cells acquire gene expression profiles of somatic cells or their precursors. (justia.com)
  • Whilst differentiation of some lineage specific stem cells can be induced with a degree of certainty, a differentiation outcome of a population of pluripotent stem cells is less predictable. (justia.com)
  • Placing the cells under conditions which induce specific cell types has been one form of an attempt to regulate the differentiation outcome. (justia.com)
  • These conditions include growing the cells to high or low density, changing media, introducing or removing cytokines, hormones and growth factors, creating an environment which suits differentiation toward a specific cell type, such as providing a suitable substrate. (justia.com)
  • Methods of inducing differentiation in stem cells and muscle cells produced therefrom may be used for the study of cellular and molecular biology of tissue development, for the discovery of genes and proteins such as differentiation factors that play a role in tissue development and regeneration. (justia.com)
  • The induction of cardiomyocyte differentiation in stem cells is especially useful in developing therapeutic methods and products for heart disease and abnormal heart conditions. (justia.com)
  • Therefore there remains a need for providing effective methods of inducing differentiation of stem cells into specific cell types, such as myocytes or endothelial cells. (justia.com)
  • However, robust and large-scale genome-wide reprogramming of DNA methylome occurs during two critical developmental processes: (1) development of primordial germ cells and (2) pre-implantation embryogenesis. (nature.com)
  • Developmental defects, including abnormalities in cloned fetuses and placentas, in addition to high rates of pregnancy loss and neonatal death have been encountered by every research team studying somatic cloning. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Half a century ago, it was found by John Gurdon that this developmental clock can be reversed, and that differentiated somatic cells in a frog model could regain their pluripotency or totipotency. (shawprize.org)
  • New research describes a new mechanism through which B cells ensure that they rest up between intensive developmental events. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Researchers at the Institute took a deeper look into how B cells, the immune cells that make antibodies, progress through important developmental stages. (sciencedaily.com)
  • A matured oocyte (c) is then enucleated (d) and a donor cell is transferred into the enucleated oocyte (e). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Dolly the Sheep, the first mammal to be cloned from an adult derived somatic cell, was born in 1996. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • They are able to differentiate into any cell of an organism and have the ability of self-renewal. (articlecity.com)
  • Generally, when a stem cell culture is induced to differentiate, the differentiated population is analysed for particular cell types by expression of genes, markers or phenotypic analysis. (justia.com)
  • Combined with the incorporation of new tools for genetic modification, these novel techniques promise to (i) transform and accelerate our understanding of genetic diseases and the development of targeted therapies through creation of tailored animal models, (ii) provide safe animal cells, tissues and organs for xenotransplantation, (iii) contribute to the preservation of endangered species, and (iv) improve global food security whilst reducing the environmental impact of animal production. (bioscientifica.com)
  • The process of somatic cell nuclear transfer involves two different cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • The maintenance phase often involves a plethora of non-DNA sequence specific chromatin cofactors that set up and maintain chromatin states through cell division and for extended periods of time-sometimes in the absence of the initial transcription factors 3 . (nature.com)
  • Just as our daily routine involves periods of activity, nourishment and rest, the cell cycle describes states that the cell progresses through leading to its division into two daughter cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The total chromosomal content of a cell involves approximately 105 genes in a specialized macromolecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). (cdc.gov)
  • Direct macromolecule damage by radiation involves partial or complete energy transfer to one or more electrons on the molecule. (cdc.gov)
  • The scientists honoured by the 2008 Shaw Prize in Life Science and Medicine used different approaches to reprogramme an adult cell into the totipotent or pluripotent state, and in doing so made important contributions to potential new approaches to improve agriculture practices and to treat human diseases. (shawprize.org)
  • A potential use of stem cells genetically matched to a patient would be to create cell lines that have genes linked to a patient's particular disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Promoters of genes associated with oxidative phosphorylation are preferentially remethylated at the 8-cell stage, suggesting that this mode of energy metabolism may not be favored. (nature.com)
  • Biologists have long sought to understand how a fertilized egg can form an organism composed of hundreds of specialized cell types, each expressing a defined set of genes. (nature.com)
  • The pluripotency of the initial cell and the establishment of cell types depend to a large extent on the coordinated deployment of hundreds of transcription factors that bind to specific DNA sequences to activate or repress the transcription of cell lineage genes 1 . (nature.com)
  • Epigenetic components (for example, Polycomb PRC1/2 and Trithorax group proteins) maintain the 'off' states of certain genes and the 'on' states of others, in a cell-type- and time-specific manner (the bottom panels show three genes, depicted schematically as chromatinized templates, in which transcription is triggered by specific transcription factors and silent or active states are maintained by PRC1/2 or Trithorax proteins, respectively). (nature.com)
  • 4. How are genes transferred from a sperm to an egg cell? (scienceteacherprogram.org)
  • 8. Draw a diagram of how genomic imprinting theoretically works to turn on a cell s ability to read genes. (scienceteacherprogram.org)
  • Found within Wharton's jelly - which is easily harvested from what would otherwise be post-natal medical waste - are several distinct stem cell genes. (articlecity.com)
  • However, somatic cloning has been inefficient in all species in which live clones have been produced. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Because cattle are a species widely used for nuclear transfer studies, and more laboratories have succeeded in cloning cattle than any other specie, this review will be focused on somatic cell cloning of cattle. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Schematic diagram of the somatic cloning process. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As an important sub-field in the study of animal cloning, fish nuclear transfer was first established in the early 1960s by Chinese embryologists. (chinagene.cn)
  • A comprehensive understand-ing of the mechanism for epigenetic modification following nuclear transfer, such as genomic DNA methylation and histone acetylation and/or methylation, will likely increase the success rate and eventually lead to the future freedom of cloning technique. (chinagene.cn)
  • The advent of techniques to propagate animals by nuclear transfer, also known as cloning, potentially offers many important applications to animal agriculture, including reproducing highly desired elite sires and dams. (nationalacademies.org)
  • DNA CpG methylation on the cytosine is among the most stable forms of epigenetic mechanisms in the life cycle of mammals. (nature.com)
  • Fig. 1: Epigenetic mechanisms that maintain cell identities during development and throughout life. (nature.com)
  • These are then fused by inserting the somatic cell into the 'empty' ovum. (wikipedia.org)
  • These cells genetically matched the donor organism from which they came. (wikipedia.org)
  • The resulting cells would be genetically identical to the somatic cell donor, thus avoiding any complications from immune system rejection. (wikipedia.org)
  • Inevitably most people will remember him for Dolly the sheep although his recent work was focused on fundamental and applied stem cell research as a tool for the study of human disease. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • Thus, Dolly was the first example of the reprogramming of the adult cell back to totipotency in a mammal. (shawprize.org)
  • Quantitative RT-PCR and in situ hybridization detected the expression of PRL not only in Leydig cells but also in germ cells, in particular in spermatogonia. (go.jp)
  • The researchers from Northwest A&F University in China used a modified version of the CRISPR system called CRISPR/Cas9n to insert a new TB resistance gene - NRAMP1 - into the genome of bovine foetal fibroblasts - a cell derived from female dairy cows. (siasat.com)
  • It can thus be concluded that beta-ME, cysteine and DMSO at certain concentrations can synchronize the cell cycle effectively, which could have a positive impact on somatic cell nuclear transfer in the goral. (druglib.com)
  • In the present study, we used a reversible cell cycle inhibitor, mimosine, to synchronize porcine granulosa cells (GCs) in G1 phase of the cell cycle. (bvsalud.org)
  • The technique synchronized the cell cycles of both cells and the results led Wilmut and Campbell to believe that any type of cell could be used to produce a clone. (shawprize.org)
  • Although more than a million IVF cycles have been performed in the United States over the past 20 years, and although there are registries that keep track of the various reproductive outcomes, such as the number of eggs retrieved and the number of children born, there are no registries that track the health of the people who have taken part. (nationalacademies.org)
  • This pioneering study has helped pave the way for others to develop gene and stem-cell based strategies for therapeutic purposes. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • The present invention also provides methods of using the differentiated cells of the present invention for therapeutic purposes. (justia.com)
  • Inhibition of nuclear meiotic maturation via IBMX significantly increased MIR21 and decreased its target, PDCD4. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Since the initial discovery of the self-renewing properties of stem cells in the early 1960s - pioneered by a small team of researchers at the Ontario Cancer Institute [3] - the understanding of the power and diversity of stem cells has increased rapidly. (articlecity.com)
  • In particular they looked at the role of two proteins and how these are able to impose rest periods (quiescence) on cells to ensure that developing B cells 'grow up' properly. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In mice, a 98% reduction of mature B cells was seen when the cells lacked these proteins. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Dr Alison Galloway, first author on the paper and postdoctoral researcher at the Babraham Institute, explained: "We found that the two proteins, RNA binding proteins ZFP36L1 and ZFP36L2, promote cell quiescence by blocking the RNA messages telling the cells to start dividing again. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Our findings shed light on the intricate control and coordination of the cell cycle and show that these binding proteins probably form part of a common mechanism to regulate quiescence, not just one specific to developing B cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Cells depend on their DNA for coding information to make various classes of proteins that include enzymes, certain hormones, transport proteins, and structural proteins that support life. (cdc.gov)
  • Specialized cell structures called ribosomes are the cellular organelles that actually synthesize the proteins (RNA transcription). (cdc.gov)
  • The blastocyst can then be transferred to a recipient (h) and cloned animals are born after completion of gestation (i). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The present study was undertaken to examine cell cycle characteristics of endangered Goral (CITES Appendix I) adult skin fibroblasts. (druglib.com)
  • This study aimed to determine whether maternal cell contamination exists in cells derived from equine umbilical cord tissue, a perspective material for cell-based therapies in veterinary medicine. (bvsalud.org)
  • Due to its advantages, zebrafish has become a unique animal model to study the mystery of reprogramming in nuclear transfer. (chinagene.cn)
  • This piece will focus on the medical technology being developed using Wharton's jelly as a source material for stem cells, but will also delve into broader aspects of stem cell research, one of the most fascinating current areas of scientific study. (articlecity.com)
  • 99:209 -215.doi:10.1007/s11060 - 010 - 0129 -5 cell carcinoma-a population-based study in with and without cervical cancer in Tbilisi, Georgia. (who.int)
  • These growth factors are mitogens for cells of mesenchymal origin. (thermofisher.com)
  • Advanced mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-based therapies are currently of interest for the repair of damaged cartilage. (bvsalud.org)
  • Various strategies have been employed to modify donor cells and the nuclear transfer procedure in attempts to improve the efficiency of nuclear transfer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The disease specific stem cell lines could then be studied in order to better understand the condition. (wikipedia.org)
  • With this raw material, biomedical firms can create stem cell lines that, among other things, aid recuperation via the regeneration of tissue that has been lost or damaged. (articlecity.com)
  • In this review, we outline recent findings on the function of lipid droplets in the HCV replication cycle and describe the relationship between the development of liver diseases and virus replication. (go.jp)
  • and altering cell and tissue characteristics for biomedical research and manufacturing. (nationalacademies.org)
  • Researchers discovered the three types of estrogen over a period of seven years, contributing to more detailed descriptions of the menstrual cycle. (asu.edu)
  • Continuous and prolonged internal exposure to hotspot ionizing radiation from radium and its daughter nuclides could cause strong and frequent DNA damage in lung tissue, initiate different types of tumour cells, including malignant mesothelioma cells, and may cause cancers. (go.jp)
  • In any case, the respective cell types may then be selectively cultured to enrich their percentage population to eventually obtain a single cell type and culture. (justia.com)
  • By the 8-cell stage, remethylation becomes more pronounced than demethylation, resulting in an increase in global DNA methylation. (nature.com)
  • However, this technology also may have several limitations, such as the risk of contamination by external pathogens because of direct contact with liquid nitrogen and increased cell toxicity due to high CPA concentrations. (molcells.org)
  • Among the chemically treated group, beta-ME, cysteine and DMSO showed better results for synchronization of G(0) + G(1) phases than cycling, serum-starved and fully confluent groups. (druglib.com)
  • These results, published in Cell Research , could eventually lead to new techniques of preserving the fertility of cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy or chemotherapy. (asianscientist.com)
  • Although non-human primates (NHP) reflect human biology more closely than other animal models, their long reproductive cycles (typically 4-5 years) present an obstacle to the widespread use of gene-modified monkeys in research. (asianscientist.com)
  • Current research is focused on growing a wide range of new tissue from stem cells, including muscle, blood, brain, and cartilage cells. (articlecity.com)
  • Dec. 17, 2019 Gut cells that normally tell the brain and the rest of the body what's going on after a meal shut down completely for a few hours after a high-fat meal, a team of researchers discovered in zebrafish. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Our results suggest that equine umbilical cord tissue-derived cells are entirely of fetal origin. (bvsalud.org)
  • Viable offspring derived from fetal and adult mam-malian cells. (chinagene.cn)
  • Potential maternal cell contamination was analyzed at DNA level via a set of 16 microsatellite markers in cells originating from the cord tissue of 22 foals. (bvsalud.org)
  • The genetic material of the donor egg cell is removed and discarded, leaving it 'deprogrammed. (wikipedia.org)
  • When the genetic information containing the "blueprint" for these substances is disrupted, cell homeostasis is disrupted, resulting in a wide-range of immediate and/or delayed toxicological effects. (cdc.gov)
  • The invention also includes cells, cell lines, testing models and culture systems used in the methods of the present invention and differentiated cells produced therefrom. (justia.com)