Nuclear power 2002 power and energy. Medical search. Frequent questions

However, in mid 2006, the Government of Belarus approved a plan for the construction of an initial 2000 MWe nuclear power plant in the Mahilyow Voblast using pressurized water reactors technology. (wikipedia.org)

On 2 May 2002, Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko stated that Belarus would not construct a nuclear power plant on its territory, but was interested in purchasing nuclear power from Russia, and in the possibility of constructing a Belarus-owned reactor at the Smolensk nuclear power plant in Russia. (wikipedia.org)
Electricity generated by the use of the thermal energy released from the fission of nuclear fuel in a reactor. (indexmundi.com)
To provide just a rough estimate of how much equivalent carbon dioxide nuclear plants emit over the course of their lifecycle, a 1,000 MW reactor operating at a 90 percent capacity factor will emit the equivalent of 1,427 tons of carbon dioxide every day, or 522,323 metric tons of carbon dioxide every year. (scitizen.com)
That's the Borssele Nuclear Power Station, the only full-scale commercial reactor the Dutch ever built. (huffpost.com)
Opened in 1973, the complex machine for capturing the energy from split uranium atoms was the second reactor built in the country, and it provides about 3% of the Netherlands' electricity. (huffpost.com)
The successful restart of Alabama's first nuclear reactor capped a five-year project that included engineering and technical services provided by Bechtel Power. (bechtel.com)
Browns Ferry Unit 1 in Athens, Alabama, is the first nuclear reactor to come into service since 1996, when Watts Bar Unit 1 came on line in Spring City, Tennessee. (bechtel.com)
Following the Japanese earthquake and tsunami disaster of March 11, the meltdown of the nuclear reactor in Fukushima continues to alarm people all around the world. (wsws.org)
solvers also performed better than an Arnoldi eigenvalue solver for a reactor benchmark problem when energy decomposition is needed. (osti.gov)
Units 1 and 2 of the Qinshan Phase III plant - majority owned by China National Nuclear Power - use the Candu 6 pressurised heavy water reactor technology, with Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL) being the main contractor of the project on a turnkey basis. (world-nuclear-news.org)
Cost estimates have risen six-fold since 2002 - now $7 to 12 billion dollars per reactor - and would go higher if one is ever completed. (ncwarn.org)
Nuclear reactor instrumentation. (en-standard.eu)
The 35-nation International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) project, advertised as " the way to new energy ," has hit another snag. (masterresource.org)
As the nuclear power plant operator, the Finnish energy company TVO, announced that the reactor will initially only operate at 30 percent. (bioprepwatch.com)
A commercial nuclear power plant will not be the first nuclear reactor to operate in fault-line riddled Indonesia. (cnas.org)
3 Nuclear submarines and aircraft carriers: The Japanese are not the only ones who must account for sizable shock waves in their reactor designs. (cnas.org)
Received in revised form flux than high flux reactor sources, advantage for different instrumental techniques can be derived from 9 March 2009 the pulsed time structure of the available flux, which can be translated into energy, respectively, Accepted 12 March 2009 wavelength resolution. (lu.se)
The min-function in spallation targets (for a given amount of energy deposition), is the smaller of 1 and the product of the duty cycle c and the the available time-integrated flux reaches a maximum of only required wavelength resolution in terms of (l/dl) fractions of the above-mentioned reactor sources in state-of-the- required. (lu.se)

In general, rural areas also made progress, as rural households living in poverty declined from 66 percent of the total in 1993 to 36 percent in 2002. (mywikibiz.com)
Nuclear power net generation was 20.8 percent in 2002 and 21.1 percent in 2003. (webharvest.gov)
Hydroelectric net generation was 6.8 percent in 2002 and 7.1 percent in 2003. (webharvest.gov)
Natural gas net generation was 16.4 percent in 2002 and 15.0 percent in 2003. (webharvest.gov)
Petroleum and other sources, including solar, wind, and biomass, net generation was 4.0 percent in 2002 and 4.5 percent in 2003. (webharvest.gov)
Coal based net generation was 51.7 percent in 2002 and 52.6 percent in 2003. (webharvest.gov)

On 22 December 1992, Belarus announced its intention to build nuclear power plants and started a program to examine 15 possible sites. (wikipedia.org)
It screened 103 lifecycle studies of greenhouse gas equivalent emissions for nuclear power plants to identify a subset of the most current, original, and methodologically rigorous studies. (scitizen.com)
Decommissioning and plant operation, including the use of fossil-fueled generators to backup nuclear plants when they offline for servicing, account for 35 percent. (scitizen.com)
Researchers in the United Kingdom conducted lifecycle analyses for 15 separate distributed generation and renewable energy technologies found that all but one, solar photovoltaics (PV), emitted much less gCO2e/kWh than the mean reported for nuclear plants. (scitizen.com)
First, nuclear power plants would not benefit directly from a global carbon tax or a carbon cap-and-trade system. (scitizen.com)
The Dutch government's proposal, which names this site as one of three potential locations for the nation's next reactors, represents a rare bet on traditional nuclear power at a time when more countries are closing existing plants than opening new ones. (huffpost.com)
Flight crews on high-altitude airline routes are on average exposed to about five times more radiation than workers at nuclear plants. (huffpost.com)
This Safety Guide provides recommendations on the recruitment, selection, qualification, training and authorization of personnel working in all safety related functions and at all levels of nuclear power plants. (iaea.org)
It supplements Safety Standards Series No. NS-R-2, Safety of Nuclear Power Plants: Operation and is related to Safety Standards Series No. NS-G-2.4, The Operating Organization for Nuclear Power Plants. (iaea.org)
Gwozdecky noted, however, that the IAEA does not monitor safety at nuclear plants on a day-to-day basis, and therefore takes no definitive stand on the safety issue at Kozloduy. (rferl.org)
Bechtel Power has worked on the majority of nuclear power plants in the United States and has completed or reactivated other facilities in California, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Texas. (bechtel.com)
SNC-Lavalin is currently working on life extension projects at the Bruce and Darlington nuclear power plants in Canada. (world-nuclear-news.org)
Companies like US-based GE and Westinghouse and the Canadian company CANDU are using all of their political influence to force new nuclear power plants down the throats of citizens around the world. (counterpunch.org)
The nuclear fuel chain that must exist to feed nuclear power plants is a significant source of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide. (counterpunch.org)
Furthermore, nuclear power plants and their waste emit radiation. (counterpunch.org)
The waste from nuclear power plants is one of the deadliest toxic pollutants on earth. (counterpunch.org)
And think of the magnitude of the problem-438 nuclear plants in 30 countries with 33 new reactors under construction. (counterpunch.org)
The nuclear industry insists taxpayers pay billions in subsidies for new plants, and Wall Street won't finance them without 100% taxpayer backing, due to risk of cancellation. (ncwarn.org)
New projects could fail in midstream for numerous reasons, as happened with scores of U.S. plants in the 1980s - including nine by Progress Energy and Duke Energy. (ncwarn.org)
A legal framework for funding the construction, known as Lex Dukovany, brought in in September 2021, will allow ČEZ as a state-owned company to purchase electricity from new nuclear plants at a fixed rate for at least 30 years, with the possibility of extension. (world-nuclear-news.org)
The Czech Republic gets about 34% of its electricity from its nuclear power plants. (world-nuclear-news.org)
27.120.20 Nuclear power plants. (en-standard.eu)
One of the key points in the energy concept is the debate over extending the running-life of Germany's nuclear power plants. (dw.com)
However, this seems unlikely as the current government favors using nuclear plants as a "bridging technology" until renewable sources of energy can cover the country's power needs. (dw.com)
German energy companies have stirred up more controversy in the debate over extending the life of nuclear power plants after threatening to close facilities if the government introduces a fuel rod tax. (dw.com)
Germany's nuclear power plants operators have threatened to pull out of nuclear power generation in protest of a proposed tax. (dw.com)
A key, nearly unique, characteristic of nuclear energy is that used fuel may be reprocessed to recover fissile and fertile materials in order to provide fresh fuel for existing and future nuclear power plants. (world-nuclear.org)
These are all considerations based on current power reactors, but moving to fourth-generation fast neutron reactors will change the outlook dramatically, and means that not only used fuel from today's reactors but also the large stockpiles of depleted uranium (from enrichment plants, about 1.2 million tonnes end 2018) become a fuel source. (world-nuclear.org)
The mainstream response to the situation is to propose some technical fixes: capturing carbon dioxide from the coal power plants, building nuclear power stations, planting trees, increasing renewable energy, raising the efficiency of energy use etc. (tammilehto.info)
UK communities could be paid millions of pounds to host nuclear power plants , the government announced on Wednesday . (cleartheair.org.hk)
The government said any new nuclear plants will provide a significant boost to council funding through this scheme for the first 10 years of operation, after which they will receive additional funding from central government. (cleartheair.org.hk)
The government regards nuclear as an essential component of the UK's future low-carbon energy mix and has identified Hinkley Point, Sizewell, Wylfa , Oldbury , Sellafield , Bradwell , Heysham , and Hartlepool as appropriate potential sites for new nuclear plants. (cleartheair.org.hk)

Meanwhile, the US, under the leadership of the two energy Czars George Bush and Dick Cheney, who are lapdogs for the energy industries, is pushing a plan for expanding nuclear energy within its borders, which proposes constructing 50 new reactors by 2020, using taxpayer dollars - of course. (counterpunch.org)
Under a previous government agreement from 2002, Germany was supposed to be free of all nuclear power by 2020. (dw.com)

The plant was to comprise two VVER-1000 nuclear reactors, designed to provide both electricity and heat for the city of Minsk. (wikipedia.org)
Nuclear power burdens future generations with a potential human and environmental disaster that is not compensated for by the expensive electricity produced. (cnduk.org)
The UK has nine nuclear reactors currently producing 13% of the country's electricity. (cnduk.org)
Wylfa finally ended electricity generation in 2015, but it took until 2019 for the last of the used (nuclear waste) fuel to be removed from the reactors and transported to Sellafield. (cnduk.org)
This article is the fourth in a six-part series that explores how we get our electricity and what we need to know about how renewable - and non-renewable - electric power is generated. (earth911.com)
France gets around 69% of its electricity from nuclear energy. (earth911.com)
This energy, which is expressed as heat , is used to produce steam, which turns turbines to power a generator, creating electricity in much the same fashion as hydropower . (earth911.com)
The Nuclear Energy Institute reports that nuclear power is a carbon-free electricity source. (scitizen.com)
Nuclear power is by far the most efficient source of electricity. (huffpost.com)
Alameda County's own public electricity agency, East Bay Community Energy (EBCE) is considering accepting PG&E's dangerous nuclear energy into its power mix. (actionnetwork.org)
Community Choice programs in California were created to give the public the power to choose where their electricity comes from and what kind of energy it is (under California Assembly Bill 117 in 2002). (actionnetwork.org)
After considering all the pros and cons of nuclear power, Indonesia may opt to get its electricity from another source - but let's not assume seismic activity is a deal breaker for nuclear power. (cnas.org)

The Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSCs) Class I Nuclear Facilities Regulations (SOR/2000-204) and Uranium Mines and Mills Regulations (SOR/2000-206) requires licensees to test the implementation of the measures concerning an accidental release of nuclear substances and hazardous substances. (gc.ca)
To hold atmospheric carbon dioxide at Year 2000 levels, up to 3,000 new nuclear reactors would be needed by 2050 (Council on Foreign Relations, April 2007 ), far exceeding global construction and financial capacity. (ncwarn.org)
Two VVER-1000 units are in operation at Temelín, which came into operation in 2000 and 2002. (world-nuclear-news.org)

The Astravets Nuclear Power Plant (also called the Belarusian Nuclear Power Plant or Ostrovets Nuclear Power Plant) is a nuclear power plant located in the Astravyets District, Grodno Region in north-western Belarus. (wikipedia.org)
The power plant is built close to the Belarus-Lithuania border, being 40 kilometres (25 mi) east of the Lithuanian capital of Vilnius. (wikipedia.org)
The plant is powered by two 1194-MW VVER-1200 units supplied by Atomstroyexport, the nuclear equipment exporter branch of the Russian nuclear corporation Rosatom. (wikipedia.org)
The power plant was controversial due to its location being in close proximity with Lithuania and the Lithuanian government has boycotted the power plant and established anti-radiation safety measures with its citizens. (wikipedia.org)
In the 1980s there were plans to build a nuclear heating and power plant in Rudensk, about 50 kilometres (31 mi) south of Minsk. (wikipedia.org)
In 1999, the Government of Belarus adopted a nuclear moratorium, but preparations for the construction of a nuclear power plant were carried on. (wikipedia.org)
After the Russia-Belarus energy dispute in 2007, Lukashenko re-declared that to ensure national energy security, Belarus needed to build its own nuclear power plant. (wikipedia.org)
On 12 November 2007, a decree defining the organizations responsible for preparing the construction of the nuclear power plant was signed. (wikipedia.org)
The Belarusian Security Council made the decision to construct a nuclear power plant on 15 January 2008. (wikipedia.org)
In January 2009, it was decided that the nuclear power plant will be built by Atomstroyexport, the nuclear equipment exporter branch of the Russian nuclear corporation Rosatom and the Russian loan was agreed in February 2009. (wikipedia.org)
In June 2012 the construction of the foundation pit for the nuclear power plant started near the small village of Shulniki in Astravets District, Hrodna Region, some 16 km (10 mi) from the Lithuanian border. (wikipedia.org)
In March 2013 Radio Svaboda's correspondent Mikhail Karnevich received official permission to make a report about the construction of the power plant. (wikipedia.org)
In 1979, a partial meltdown at the Three Mile Island Nuclear Power Plant in Pennsylvania led to new safety regulations for the industry, but also to nationwide protests and a general slowing of growth for the industry. (earth911.com)
The study found that while the range of emissions for nuclear energy over the lifetime of a plant reported was from 1.4 grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per kWh (gCO2e/kWh) to 288 gCO2e/kWh, the mean value was 66 gCO2e/kWh. (scitizen.com)
Assuming a carbon tax of $24 per ton nothing too extreme and that 1,000 MW nuclear plant would have to pay almost $12.6 million per year for its carbon-equivalent emissions. (scitizen.com)
While the nuclear industry would be penalized less than fossil-fueled generators, the carbon equivalent emissions from uranium mining operations, enrichment facilities, plant construction, decommissioning, and spent fuel storage are significant. (scitizen.com)
The long-standing tension between the European Union and candidate country Bulgaria over the Kozloduy nuclear-power plant has flared up again. (rferl.org)
At the center of the row is, once again, the Kozloduy nuclear-power plant. (rferl.org)
This plant, which features Soviet-era nuclear reactors, has long been a bone of contention between successive Bulgarian governments and the European Commission. (rferl.org)
The Zaporizhzhya nuclear power plant near Enerhodar has been under Russian supervision since Moscow's troops seized it early in the war. (rferl.org)
The head of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) expressed grave concerns about the shelling of the massive Zaporizhzhya nuclear power plant in Ukraine, saying it heightens the risk of "nuclear disaster. (rferl.org)
Director-General Rafael Grossi's comments on August 6 came as Kyiv and Moscow traded blame for the shelling of the Zaporizhzhya site, the largest nuclear power plant in Europe. (rferl.org)
I'm extremely concerned by the shelling yesterday at Europe's largest nuclear power plant, which underlines the very real risk of a nuclear disaster that could threaten public health and the environment in Ukraine and beyond,' Grossi said in a statement. (rferl.org)
The IAEA chief added that it was 'of paramount importance' that the agency be given access to the plant 'to provide technical support for nuclear safety and security. (rferl.org)
On August 5, Ukrainian officials said a high-voltage power line at Zaporizhzhya had been hit by Russian shelling, but they added that the plant was still operating and no radioactive discharges had been detected. (rferl.org)
Today, the occupiers have created another extremely risky situation for all of Europe: they struck the Zaporizhzhya nuclear power plant twice. (rferl.org)
Russia must take responsibility for the very fact of creating a threat to a nuclear plant,' he said. (rferl.org)
Canada's Candu Energy said it is conducting pre-project design and engineering work to facilitate a 30-year life extension of the two Candu reactors at the Qinshan Phase III nuclear power plant near Shanghai in China's Zhejiang province. (world-nuclear-news.org)
Refurbishment to prolong the life of the power plant requires all this as well as thousands of auxiliary components to be dismantled. (world-nuclear-news.org)
Each nuclear power plant produces from 22 to 30 tons of nuclear waste each year. (counterpunch.org)
Much has been learnt in the ten years since the Great Eastern Japan Earthquake and the subsequent accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, but significant challenges still remain. (oecd-nea.org)
This is why California is phasing out nuclear power, with San Onofre (San Diego) now in decommissioning and a closure date for Diablo Canyon (San Luis Obispo) Nuclear Power Plant currently set for 2025, with urgent efforts to move for closure sooner than that date. (actionnetwork.org)
We also urge you to support the motion by the Alliance for Nuclear Responsibility for an earlier closure of Diablo Canyon Nuclear Power Plant, recognizing the huge safety, as well as economic benefits that closure will bring to East Bay residents and all California ratepayers. (actionnetwork.org)
Due to industry cost-cutting pressure, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission in January 2007 decided not to require plant owners to defend against various air attacks or more than a handful of attackers by ground. (ncwarn.org)
The Czech company ČEZ has pushed back the deadline to the end of October for final bids to be submitted to construct a new nuclear unit at the Dukovany nuclear power plant. (world-nuclear-news.org)
On 30 October, the Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited, or NPCIL, confirmed that a cyber attack had taken place on the Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant in Tamil Nadu's Tirunelveli district. (caravanmagazine.in)
Since construction began on the Kudankulam nuclear power plant in 2002, it has faced sustained protests by local villagers, most of whom belong to the fishing community. (caravanmagazine.in)
SP Udayakumar founded the People's Movement Against Nuclear Energy, a community-based civil-rights group, that has spearheaded the protests against the plant and demanded its unconditional shutdown. (caravanmagazine.in)
Focusing on nuclear power generation, it also provides data on nuclear power plant operators, industry costs, and an outlook chapter. (statista.com)
On Thursday, Merkel is scheduled to visit the European Energy Exchange in Leipzig, followed by trips over the next few days to energy sites all over the country, including a nuclear power plant, renewable energy sites, and a house designed to minimize energy use. (dw.com)
Nuclear critics are likely to take the most recent earthquake in Indonesia as a new opportunity to protest the construction of a nuclear power plant on Java . (cnas.org)
Protesters claim that the country's geography and geology - causing earthquakes, tsunamis, and the like -- would lead to nuclear disaster, despite a 2002 study conducted under the auspices of the International Atomic Energy Agency which concluded that a commercial nuclear power plant was technically feasible . (cnas.org)
Examples of people who suffered from ARS are the survivors of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombs, the firefighters that first responded after the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant event in 1986, and some unintentional exposures to sterilization irradiators. (cdc.gov)

Following the Chernobyl nuclear disaster, these plans were halted. (wikipedia.org)
As Fukushima, Chernobyl and Three Mile Island have shown us, nuclear energy is dangerous and dirty, not only from deadly nuclear meltdowns, but from the mining of uranium to the huge amounts of radioactive waste created with no safe storage for the long life of this waste. (actionnetwork.org)
In 2002, Finland was the first country in Europe to set the course for building new nuclear reactors after the Chernobyl disaster, thus ushering in a nuclear energy renaissance in Europe. (bioprepwatch.com)

To fill the anticipated gap, the government wants to build a new generation of nuclear power stations, with a new Energy Security Strategy published by the government in April 2022 aiming to make nuclear power the cornerstone of the country's energy policy. (cnduk.org)
The tender for the new nuclear unit was launched in March 2022, when a security qualification of potential vendors was completed, with preliminary bids received in November from the US company Westinghouse, France's EDF and South Korea's Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power (KHNP). (world-nuclear-news.org)

Nuclear power is generated by a technology called nuclear fission , or atom-splitting, in which the nucleus of a uranium atom is struck by a neutron. (earth911.com)
Fission reactions are complex molecular events: A neutron slams into a larger atom, splitting its nucleus into two smaller nuclei and releasing tremendous amounts of energy in the form of heat and radiation. (huffpost.com)

More people are concerned about the immediate type of nuclear disaster. (earth911.com)
This is the first of a two-part article on the historical antecedents of the Fukushima nuclear disaster. (wsws.org)

Nuclear energy's dependence on uranium is its biggest flaw. (earth911.com)
By some estimates, there is only enough uranium to continue producing current levels of nuclear power for another 90 years . (earth911.com)
The frontend component of the nuclear fuel cycle (uranium mining, milling, and enrichment) is responsible for 38 percent of equivalent emissions. (scitizen.com)
Even after combining the two infamous disasters in Ukraine and Japan with every worker known to have died mining or milling uranium, the total deaths linked to nuclear power over the past 80 years rank just above wind and solar when compared to the volume of energy produced. (huffpost.com)
This regulatory document provides guidance with respect to the adequacy of emergency exercises at Class I nuclear facilities and uranium mines and mills. (gc.ca)
This document addresses suggested emergency exercise objectives that licensees of Class I nuclear facilities and uranium mines and mills should consider when testing the implementation of emergency measures to prevent, mitigate, or control the adverse effects of an accidental release. (gc.ca)
Subparagraph 3( c )(x)(E) of the Uranium Mines and Mills Regulations states that, "An application for a licence in respect of a uranium mine or mill, other than a licence to abandon, shall contain the following information in addition to the information required by section 3 of the General Nuclear Safety and Control Regulations . (gc.ca)
Over the last 50 years or so the principal reason for reprocessing used fuel has been to recover unused plutonium, along with less immediately useful unused uranium, in the used fuel elements and thereby close the fuel cycle, gaining some 25-30% more energy from the original uranium in the process. (world-nuclear.org)
But by 2002, U.S. intelligence discovered evidence that North Korea was producing enriched uranium - a technological milestone that can yield explosive material to power nuclear weapons. (usc.edu)
Plutonium-based nuclear weapons are more energy-dense than uranium-based designs, so they can be smaller and more mobile without sacrificing yield. (usc.edu)

TVA's achievements at Browns Ferry point toward the beginning of a nuclear renaissance that can meet the growing demand for energy in a safe and environmentally friendly manner. (bechtel.com)
Bechtel Power previously worked on the restart of Units 2 and 3 at Browns Ferry in the early 1990s. (bechtel.com)

With the mountain of nuclear waste growing, the UN's International Atomic Energy Agency, along with US agencies-the Department of Energy and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission - are proposing a scheme to lower the cost of disposing of waste for the nuclear power industry and the nuclear weapons complex. (counterpunch.org)

Any type of extra cost for carbon-equivalent would increase, absolutely, the price of these elements of the nuclear fuel cycle, and would thus make nuclear power more expensive. (scitizen.com)
I'm not arguing that nuclear power is the best solution for Indonesia's energy needs, but the seismic activity in the area does not make nuclear power impossible. (cnas.org)

The International Atomic Energy Agency, or IAEA, sent a team to the site this past summer, and it reported that units 3 and 4 now meet the IAEA's own safety norms. (rferl.org)
Information System on Occupational Exposure (ISOE) is jointly sponsored by the Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). (oecd-nea.org)

From the very start, Magnox reactors were intimately connected to the UK's nuclear weapons programme. (cnduk.org)

However, its primary purpose was in fact to produce plutonium for the UK's nuclear weapons. (cnduk.org)
From 1959, Chapelcross in Dumfriesshire also produced plutonium for nuclear weapons and later produced tritium for them. (cnduk.org)
basically, it uses the heat from radioactive decay of plutonium-238 to run a piston-powered generator, converting 20-something percent of the energy from the plutonium into electrical power. (planetary.org)

Since 1898, we have helped customers complete more than 25,000 projects in 160 countries on all seven continents that have created jobs, grown economies, improved the resiliency of the world's infrastructure, increased access to energy, resources, and vital services, and made the world a safer, cleaner place. (bechtel.com)
Following the media reports from Japan, many people ask themselves why governments chose to gamble on nuclear power in such an earthquake-prone country-after the US and France, Japan is the world's third largest nuclear power nation-and why the people of this land appeared to be so indifferent to the dangers of nuclear energy. (wsws.org)
The local and global dimensions of the economics and politics surrounding the world's energy resources will be recurring concerns in this course. (masterresource.org)

All 15 of British Energy's reactors were eventually sold to the French, mostly government-owned nuclear company, EDF, for the knock-down price of £12.5 billion. (cnduk.org)

So far, about 400,000 tonnes of used fuel has been discharged from commercial power reactors, of which about 30% has been reprocessed 1 . (world-nuclear.org)
The country has been operating research reactors successfully (much, much smaller than commercial power reactors but similar technology) since the '60s. (cnas.org)

But along the coast, industrial spires rise vertically, defying nature and creating a skyline of steeples to the rival faiths in this country's energy future. (huffpost.com)

Harris has the largest nuclear waste pools in the U.S. (ncwarn.org)

Knowing the impacts of your own energy source can help you decide where to focus your own actions to make the biggest difference. (earth911.com)

The freed neutrons strike other nuclei, creating a chain reaction that releases energy in the form of heat and radiation. (earth911.com)
Considering this, the differences in level energies of mirror nuclei should only depend on the Coulomb force. (lu.se)

Nuclear reactors do not produce air pollution or greenhouse gases like coal or other fossil fuel energy sources. (earth911.com)
It also shows, conclusively, that nuclear energy is in no way carbon free or emissions free, and that nuclear power is worse than the equivalent carbon emissions over the lifecycle of renewable and small scale distributed generators (although it is an improvement over oil-, coal-, and natural gas-fired generators). (scitizen.com)
But unlike its two closest neighbors, which have rapidly decommissioned their own nuclear stations while squeamishly burning more gas and coal, the Netherlands plans to build at least two new reactors in the coming years. (huffpost.com)
2010. " Wood to Coal to Oil to Natural Gas and Nuclear: The Slow Pace of Energy Transitions . (masterresource.org)

For decades, visions of mushroom clouds, scenes of Homer Simpson in the nuclear control room and images of radiation-blistered skin have made the improbable seem inevitable. (huffpost.com)
Ionizing radiation is the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum with sufficient energy to pass through matter and physically dislodge orbital electrons to form ions. (medscape.com)
Since then the study and applications of it has lead to such opposing uses as radiation therapy, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, and weapons of mass destruction. (lu.se)

Opponents of nuclear power have responded in kind. (scitizen.com)

Nuclear is the least effective way to reduce greenhouse gases. (ncwarn.org)

The Oxford Research Group projects that if percentage of world nuclear capacity remains what it is today, by 2050 nuclear power would generate as much carbon dioxide per kilowatt-hour (kWh) as comparable gas-fired power stations. (scitizen.com)

Radioactive waste is generated by every step of the energy-generating process: mining, enrichment, and the reactors themselves. (earth911.com)

Construction began in 1997 and unit 1 started up in September 2002 and unit 2 in April 2003. (world-nuclear-news.org)

Anyway, a rapid replacement program would suck so much energy that positive net energy to replace fossil fuels could be acquired only after many decades. (tammilehto.info)

The Nuclear Power Act, covering the design and construction of nuclear facilities, the security, safety, and physical protection of such facilities, and their regulation (and also prohibiting the production of nuclear weapons and other nuclear explosives), was adopted by the House of Representatives of the National Assembly of Belarus on 25 June 2008. (wikipedia.org)
CND calls for an end to the production of nuclear energy - a technology that is dirty, dangerous and economically unsustainable. (cnduk.org)

The availability of superior renewable energy technologies rapidly being developed across the world is meanwhile ignored. (cnduk.org)

The majority of the UK's nuclear power stations were built in the 1970s and 1980s, with all apart from Sizewell B due to be shut down in the next eleven years, as their reactors reach the end of their lifetimes. (cnduk.org)
Calder Hall, at Sellafield, which was opened in 1956, is often described as the UK's first civil nuclear power station. (cnduk.org)

In their calculation, Australian researchers at the ISA have estimated that wind turbines have one-third the carbon equivalent emissions of nuclear power over their lifecycle and hydroelectric one-fourth the equivalent emissions. (scitizen.com)

The privatised nuclear company, British Energy, collapsed only six years later in 2002. (cnduk.org)
During years of research in the United States National Archives and Records Administration, Arima discovered 474 pages of CIA files, documenting in detail the progress of the introduction of nuclear technology to Japan. (wsws.org)
The refurbishment will allow the Candu units to continue generating power for a further 30 years. (world-nuclear-news.org)
Beginning in the '70s, nuclear power is mentioned every few years as a partial solution to Indonesia's energy needs. (cnas.org)
It has been calculated, for instance, that a program starting one nuclear power station construction every month would begin to produce net energy only after 33 years 8 . (tammilehto.info)

For the global nuclear power industry, this equates to approximately $4.4 billion in carbon taxes per year. (scitizen.com)

Companies planning new power stations at Oldbury, Wylfa and Moorside have pulled out. (cnduk.org)
It's proportionate to the scale and lifespan of new nuclear power stations and it builds on the major economic benefits they will bring in terms of jobs, investment and use of local services. (cleartheair.org.hk)

Vienna, Austria : Division of Conference and Document Services, International Atomic Energy Agency. (psu.edu)

Weeks before unveiling a new energy concept in Germany, Chancellor Merkel has kicked off a tour of the nation's energy facilities to gain a better perspective on the state of renewable and traditional sources of energy. (dw.com)
The chancellor hopes to use her visit to the nation's power facilities to gain personal insight into all aspects of the energy industry in Germany as her government moves forward with the widely debated energy concept. (dw.com)
Nor has anyone at the U.S. Department of Energy, which is in charge of the nation's contributions to ITER, been able to do so. (masterresource.org)

Hinkley Point C is the only nuclear power station where construction has actually started, with work beginning in 2017. (cnduk.org)
It has the added benefit that the construction of nuclear reactors does not require the massive habitat destruction that hydropower does. (earth911.com)
Most deaths involving nuclear energy stem from construction accidents. (huffpost.com)

The privatisation of nuclear power was shelved in 1989 and only pushed through in 1996. (cnduk.org)

North Korea has been developing nuclear weapons since the mid-1980s. (usc.edu)

SNC-Lavalin's nuclear business is globally competitive, meaning we're well positioned to execute work across the nuclear lifecycle in our core markets of Canada, the US, and the UK, and beyond,' said SNC-Lavalin President and CEO Ian Edwards. (world-nuclear-news.org)

k ) the proposed measures to prevent or mitigate the effects of accidental releases of nuclear substances and hazardous substances on the environment, the health and safety of persons and the maintenance of national security, including measures to. (gc.ca)

The United States has stockpiled over 85,000 metric tons of nuclear waste that requires permanent disposal. (earth911.com)
Nuclear facilities were responsible for emitting the equivalent of some 183 million metric tons of carbon dioxide in 2005. (scitizen.com)

My research focuses on improving techniques for estimating the yield, or size, of underground nuclear explosions by using physics-based simulations. (usc.edu)
This gave rise to a new field in physics, nuclear physics. (lu.se)
No other field in physics has the potential for so much good or evil as nuclear physics. (lu.se)

Nuclear energy was never expected to be part of EBCE's energy mix and we reject the idea that it represents clean, sustainable, carbon-free energy. (actionnetwork.org)

Additionally, Merkel has proposed a tax on nuclear fuel rods, much to the chagrin of nuclear companies. (dw.com)
Used nuclear fuel has long been reprocessed to extract fissile materials for recycling and to reduce the volume of high-level wastes. (world-nuclear.org)
Several European countries, Russia, China and Japan have policies to reprocess used nuclear fuel, although government policies in many other countries have not yet come round to seeing used fuel as a resource rather than a waste. (world-nuclear.org)
Lacking the fossil fuel resources of other developed countries, Japan invested early in nuclear power. (cnas.org)
It provides the reader with a comprehensive but easy-to-access overview on the status of and trends in the nuclear power and fuel cycle sector. (oecd-nea.org)

Military experts quoted in U.S. media reports say they believe Russia is shelling the area intentionally, knowing that Ukrainian forces cannot risk returning fire because it could damage the reactors or disturb nuclear waste sites. (rferl.org)
Nuclear waste is a permanent risk. (ncwarn.org)
Municipal waste-to-energy project. (mn.gov)
Campaigners have argued that using such agreements vastly inflate the cost of nuclear power, while adding to the nuclear fleet will only create further problems around the disposal of nuclear waste, which already takes up over half of the Department of Energy and Climate Change ( Decc ) budget. (cleartheair.org.hk)

Nuclear power is the production of energy through a controlled nuclear reaction. (cnduk.org)

Having lost the monopoly on nuclear weapons, it became necessary for the US to make Japan receptive to nuclear power. (wsws.org)
In the wake of two historic yet unproductive summits with President Trump, Kim made a state visit in April to Moscow, where he made clear that his country will not give up its nuclear weapons without international security guarantees . (usc.edu)
This reclusive nation is a high-priority U.S. intelligence target, but there are still large uncertainties about the power of its nuclear weapons. (usc.edu)
For an isolated nation like North Korea, developing a functional nuclear weapons program is a historic feat. Just eight other sovereign states have accomplished this goal - the five declared nuclear weapons states (the United States, Russia, Britain, France and China) plus Israel, India and Pakistan. (usc.edu)
Paradoxically, in 1985 it also joined the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, or NPT , under which it pledged not to develop or acquire nuclear weapons. (usc.edu)
I firmly believe we need to mobilize this perspective as we now need to strive to take concrete steps towards our goal of a world free of nuclear weapons. (who.int)

Podam" was the code name for the member of parliament and CIA asset, Matsutaro Shoriki, who would later become president of the atomic energy authority he founded, as well as minister for science and technology. (wsws.org)
At that time, the Japanese people were still traumatised by the destruction of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, reacting with horror to any mention of atomic power, whether for peaceful use or employed as a weapon. (wsws.org)
Atomic Energy of Canada. (cdc.gov)
Chalk River, Ontario: Chalk River Nuclear Labs, Atomic Energy of Canada. (cdc.gov)
Atomic Energy Control Board. (cdc.gov)
International Atomic Energy Agency publications. (psu.edu)

Unbelievable as this sounds, they want to dilute nuclear pollution by "recycling" it into household products and into regular municipal dumps. (counterpunch.org)

Manpreet Sethi (Indian Express) argues that India needs to seriously consider nuclear power as a "viable alternative source of energy. (nautilus.org)

The Bulgarian side is threatening to reject the Energy Chapter in the negotiations with Brussels -- tantamount to stopping the whole accession process -- unless the EU agrees to key demands. (rferl.org)
Indonesia has a growing population ( currently 230 million people ) and growing energy demands (estimated 10% annual growth). (cnas.org)

Steel pylons tower over the salt-sprayed landscape, fringing the two-lane road with a garland of high-voltage power lines. (huffpost.com)

The World Nuclear Association claims that nuclear energy today represents nothing less than an indispensable asset if our world is to meet challenges of climate change. (scitizen.com)

Dr. Benjamin K. Sovacool is currently a Visiting Associate Professor at Vermont Law School, where he directs the Energy Security and Justice Program at their Institute for Energy & the Environment. (scitizen.com)
and Nuclear, Security & Environmental markets. (bechtel.com)
Free markets and private investors are proving that clean power creates energy security and 1000's of jobs. (ncwarn.org)
a cyber-security website, released data which showed that a virus known as DTrack had breached the nuclear plant's network. (caravanmagazine.in)
This contributes to national energy security. (world-nuclear.org)
This question is important, because it reveals how advanced the North Korean nuclear program is, which has implications for global security. (usc.edu)
The Legal Framework Order 2002 also allows for a permanent political role for the military through the establishment of a National Security Council (NSC). (nautilus.org)

But U.S. reliance on nuclear power is still higher than the global average of 10%, and, at roughly 771.6 terawatt-hours, the U.S. is the largest consumer of nuclear energy in the world. (earth911.com)
For these reasons, the number of nuclear reactors in the world reached 438 in 2002. (earth911.com)
The propagation of nuclear technology in Japan was a direct consequence of the US military's endeavours to wield influence over the country's development immediately after the Second World War. (wsws.org)
The same newspaper article quoted Tetsuo Arima, media researcher and professor of social science at the University of Waseda, concerning the Japanese pro-nuclear politician and media magnate, Matsutaro Shoriki: "After the world war, the CIA worked closely with Mr. Shoriki to advance the campaign for nuclear energy in Japan. (wsws.org)
In association with the Summit, they adopted the Communication on Energy Cooperation with Developing Countries, which includes a highly controversial chapter suggesting that the EU may support nuclear programs in the developing world. (counterpunch.org)
In Geneva, the two major world leaders agreed to cooperate on fusion R&D, issuing a statement that said that "the potential importance of the work aimed at utilizing controlled thermonuclear fusion for peaceful purposes and, in this connection, advocated the widest practicable development of international cooperation in obtaining this source of energy, which is essentially inexhaustible, for the benefit of all mankind. (masterresource.org)
This is happening while the world is warming rapidly, against the backdrop of continued steep population growth, a rapid process of urbanization and increasing competition for limited resources, in particular for water and energy. (who.int)

The project was revived by the Belarusian government to have the country become energy-independent due to the Russia-Belarus energy dispute in 2007. (wikipedia.org)
But this could mean the country is running into a supply conflict with nuclear power. (dw.com)
2 Japan: Japan, another country sitting on the ring of fire, has safely used nuclear power for decades. (cnas.org)

It recognizes Governor Richardson's accomplishments as a United States Congressman, Ambassador to the United Nations, United States Secretary of Energy, and now Governor of New Mexico. (ucsb.edu)

Nuclear energy is no solution to the climate crisis. (actionnetwork.org)

Of that, as of May 2006, the U.S. Department of Energy had a contract to allow it to purchase 5 kilos, with an option to extend the contract to purchase the remaining 10. (planetary.org)

Organisms1

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs10

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment7

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes8

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture3

Humanities2

Named Groups1

Health Care16

Geographicals3

Pressurized water re1

Reactor18

Percent in 20026

Plants32

20202

Electricity12

20003

Plant43

Chernobyl3

20222

Fission2

Disaster2

Uranium10

Browns Ferry2

Regulatory Commission1

Make nuclear power2

IAEA2

Magnox1

Plutonium3

World's3

Energy's1

Commercial power reactors2

Country's energy1

Largest nuclear1

Impacts1

Nuclei2

Coal4

Radiation3

Opponents1

Greenhouse gases1

20501

Radioactive1

19971

Fuels1

Production of nuclear2

Renewable energy technologies1

UK's2

Hydroelectric1

Years5

Global nuclear1

Stations2

Vienna1

Nation's3

Construction3

19891

1980s1

Lifecycle1

Safety1

Metric tons2

PHYSICS3

Carbon free1

Fuel5

Waste4

Reaction1

Weapons6

Atomic6

Pollution1

India1

Demands2

High-voltage power1

Represents1

Security7

World7

Country3

Governor1

Climate Crisis1

Department of Ene1