• Injection of a MIR21 mimic increased oocyte maturation rate. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Results: The results indicated that FSH supplementation significantly increased oocyte maturation rate (65.21±7.26 vs. 43.25±6.23%) as indicated by extrusion of PB1 and homologous chromosome pairing and lined in the equator. (sciencegate.app)
  • Poor in vitro embryo development is a major obstacle in porcine assisted reproduction. (mdpi.com)
  • Conclusion: FSH supplementation significantly improves oocyte maturation and yields mature oocytes for future embryo development in vitro. (sciencegate.app)
  • Moreover, the in vitro experiment demonstrated high glucose amounts' deleterious effect on embryo development [ 3 ]. (ejast.org)
  • In conclusion, melatonin could be a promising tool for improving sperm competence for fertilizing oocytes and embryo development in sheep. (vetmedmosul.com)
  • Scientists attempting to discover the basic requirements for successful embryo development have a hurdle when using in vitro embryo manufacturing strategies (2). (vetmedmosul.com)
  • ROS are free radicals that are continuously produced by oxidative metabolic reactions and increase in vitro conditions, causing aging of both the oocyte (7) and sperm (8), as well as perhaps impairing fertilization and embryo development. (vetmedmosul.com)
  • In the current study, we utilized modified Spirulina maxima pectin nanoparticles as a supplement to improve porcine in vitro maturation medium. (mdpi.com)
  • Oocytes were collected from aspirated porcine tertiary follicles. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Melatonin supplementation has been shown to promote bovine and porcine oocytes' maturation rate and increase their blastocyst of IVF embryos (16). (vetmedmosul.com)
  • These protease-induced decreases in IGFBP-4 and -5 likely cause increased levels of bioavailable (or free) IGFs that stimulate steroidogenesis and mitogenesis in developing dominant follicles, which ultimately prepare the follicle(s) and oocyte(s) for successful ovulation and fertilization. (bioone.org)
  • Components and OPTIONS FOR in vivo test: In vitro maturation and fertilization maturation and fertilization had been carried out as described [21] previously. (bioskinrevive.com)
  • Following germinal vesicle break down (GVBD) the oocyte is transcriptionally quiescent until fertilization and activation of the embryonic genome, occurring at the four-cell stage of development in the pig [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro maturation rate of Bligon goat oocytes supplemented with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and their ability for further embryonic development after in vitro fertilization. (sciencegate.app)
  • To prove the ability of mature oocytes to develop into embryos, 900 oocytes were processed for fertilization in vitro. (sciencegate.app)
  • On the one hand, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are mandatory mediators for essential cellular functions including the function of germ cells (oocytes and spermatozoa) and thereby the fertilization process. (hindawi.com)
  • However, these techniques have to be carried out very carefully as they, if applied wrongly, bear risks of generating ROS damaging the germ cells and preventing fertilization. (hindawi.com)
  • This has been shown for intrauterine insemination (IUI), in vitro fertilization (IVF), and ICSI, and increased incidences of chromosomal abnormalities, minor and major birth defects, or early childhood cancers, particularly in the male offspring, have been linked to these procedures [ 8 - 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The oocytes were fertilized by spermatozoa that had been capacitated with two groups of fertilization media, the first group containing melatonin and the second group containing cysteamine. (vetmedmosul.com)
  • In the last decade, in vitro fertilization and sperm capacitation techniques have significantly advanced. (vetmedmosul.com)
  • The number of ovarian follicles and corpora lutea also were not affected by treatment. (ejast.org)
  • After that, we examined the result of cultured conditioned mass media (CM) of IVF embryos on splenic immune system cells and Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells with stably presented ISG15 promoter-reporter constructs. (bioskinrevive.com)
  • The blastocyst stage of oocyte developed embryos was reached by 12.43±2.15% and 22.28±4.86% of the control and treatment groups, respectively. (sciencegate.app)
  • ABSTRACT We aimed to assess the effects of melatonin in the in vitro production of bovine embryos. (sciencegate.app)
  • Our experiment was further divided into two: the first was to assess the effect of different concentrations of melatonin (treatments) on the maturation rate of COCs, and the second was to assess the effects of melatonin treatments on the in vitro production of bovine embryos. (sciencegate.app)
  • oxidative stress is the most prominent one, which will cause damage or alter the genetic material of the sperm and reduce the quality of the oocytes, and has a crucial impact on the possibility of developing embryos even after implantation. (vetmedmosul.com)
  • Oocytes, sperms, and embryos are shielded from oxidative stress in their natural environment by free radical scavengers found in oviductal and follicular fluids. (vetmedmosul.com)
  • Oocytes and embryos are not provided with this level of protection when in vitro production (9). (vetmedmosul.com)
  • Oocytes were collected from slaughterhouse-derived ovaries, matured in vitro, and injected with frozen-thawed stallion sperm. (bioone.org)
  • Since recent clinical studies have indicated that dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) supplementation may reverse the problem of oocyte quality, this review of the literature was undertaken in an attempt to find an explanation of why this is effective? (biomedcentral.com)
  • The problems mostly commonly occur when the ovarian pool of follicles is depleted to a critical level with age but are also found in low follicular reserve of other etiologies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As well as inducing a plethora of deleterious changes in follicular cytoplasmic structure and function, the omega 9 palmitate/oleate ratio is increased by lowered activity of PPARα. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To characterize the effect of artificially increasing MIR21 on oocyte competence without inhibiting GVBD, a MIR21 mimic, scrambled microRNA negative control, or nuclease free water was micro-injected into denuded oocytes at 21 h of IVM. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) of cows derived from follicle aspiration were divided into three groups. (sciencegate.app)
  • In control group (P0), the COCs were matured in vitro in a maturation medium without urea addition, meanwhile in the P1 and P2 groups, the medium was added with urea 20 and 40 mg/dL, respectively. (sciencegate.app)
  • The cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were distributed among treatments at concentrations of 0, 10-1, 10-3 and 10-5 µMol/L melatonin. (sciencegate.app)
  • In short, bovine ovaries extracted from an area slaughterhouse had been transported towards the lab. (bioskinrevive.com)
  • When the inability of male transgenic rats to transmit the transgene is not associated with mosaicism, microinsemination techniques such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and round spermatid injection (ROSI) can be used for passage of the transgenes. (go.jp)
  • Our ICSI procedure includes the use of a piezo-driven small-sized injection pipette (2-4 μm in diameter), isolated sperm heads, and freshly ovulated oocytes. (go.jp)
  • Studies that compared postnatal outcomes between in vitro-conceived (IVF, ICSI or IVM) and in vivo-conceived mammalian animal models were included. (bvsalud.org)
  • The bovine model was the most frequently used in IVM studies (32/40), while the murine model was mostly used in IVF (17/20) and ICSI (6/8) investigations. (bvsalud.org)
  • The mammalian genome comprises nuclear DNA (nDNA) derived from both parents and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that is maternally inherited and encodes essential proteins required for oxidative phosphorylation. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • This study was conducted to evaluate in vivo and in vitro development of in vitro-matured equine oocytes fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection. (bioone.org)
  • Aceto-orcein staining was conducted to evaluate the maturation of oocytes based on the achievement of metaphase II phase that is indicated by the presence of metaphase plate and/or first polar body. (sciencegate.app)
  • In vivo development was assessed after transfer of injected oocytes to the oviducts of recipient mares. (bioone.org)
  • In vivo conception included mating, artificial insemination, or either of these followed by embryo transfer to a recipient animal with or without in vitro culture. (bvsalud.org)
  • WIDER IMPLICATIONS: Conception via in vitro or in vivo means appears to have an influence on measurable outcomes of offspring physiology, manifesting differently across the species studied. (bvsalud.org)
  • Therefore, a potential conflict was observed between low-fat diets, which stimulate follicle growth and ovulation, and high-fat diets (insulin-depressing), which improve the development of the embryo and pregnancy outcome [ 15 ]. (ejast.org)
  • Inhibition of nuclear meiotic maturation via IBMX significantly increased MIR21 and decreased its target, PDCD4. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These microinsemination techniques can be combined with cryopreservation of sperm and spermatid cells, leading to successful transmission of transgenes carried in male gametes. (go.jp)
  • In addition, other corrective measures include sperm separation for assisted reproductive techniques. (hindawi.com)
  • For this purpose, we have incubated ram sperm using four different treatments in terms of antioxidants: melatonin, cysteamine, vitamin C, and vitamin E. They were incubated by the standard methods of maturation and capacitation of sperm. (vetmedmosul.com)
  • To fertilize the oocytes, sperm must undergo a series of physiological and biochemical alterations in vitro (3). (vetmedmosul.com)
  • Oxidative stress is one of the key factors contributing to a decrease in sperm quality during the maturation and capacitation of the sperm (5). (vetmedmosul.com)
  • thereby, oocytes and sperm are highly vulnerable to reactive oxygen species (ROS) attacks, affecting their quality and viability (6). (vetmedmosul.com)
  • In some species (e.g., bovine), evidence indicates that decreases in IGFBP-4 and -5 levels in estrogen-dominant preovulatory follicles are likely due, in part, to increased protease activity, whereas lower levels of IGFBP-2 are not due to increased proteolysis. (bioone.org)
  • OUTCOMES: A total of 61 studies in five different species (bovine, equine, murine, ovine and non-human primate) met the inclusion criteria. (bvsalud.org)
  • It could be concluded that the presence of urea at 40 mg/dL in maturation medium reduced the percentage of bovine oocyte maturation in vitro. (sciencegate.app)
  • Despite considerable heterogeneity, these studies suggest that the use of IVF or maturation results in offspring with higher birthweights and a longer length of gestation, with most of this evidence coming from studies in cattle. (bvsalud.org)
  • Increased IGFBP-4 and -5 protease along with lower amounts of IGFBP-4 binding activity and greater amounts of free IGF-I are some of the earliest developmental changes documented in bovine growing antral follicles. (bioone.org)
  • Germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) occurs during oocyte meiotic maturation, a period when transcriptional processes are virtually inactive. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Next, 600 oocytes were then stained with 1% aceto-orcein to examine maturation based on changes in the configuration of chromosomes and nuclear membrane breakdown. (sciencegate.app)
  • This study aimed to determine the influence of antioxidants on the achievement of In vitro culture (IVC) and sperm's ability to adhere to and penetrate further into In vitro maturated oocytes. (vetmedmosul.com)
  • Reduced quality and accelerated follicle loss with female reproductive aging - does decline in theca dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) underlie the problem? (biomedcentral.com)
  • These techniques may also impair glucose and lipid metabolism in male mice. (bvsalud.org)
  • This study was aimed to determine the effect of urea in maturation medium on in vitro oocyte maturation rate. (sciencegate.app)
  • In vitro maturation allows female goat (does) contributes toward reproduction despite the fact that the animal has been slaughtered. (sciencegate.app)
  • Our results indicate MIR21 is active and important during meiotic maturation of the oocyte. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Each petri dish contained three drops of maturation medium (300 µl/drops) according to the groups. (sciencegate.app)
  • One thousand five hundred cumulus-oocyte complexes were matured for 24 h in tissue culture medium 199 supplemented with 50 IU/L FSH or without FSH (control). (sciencegate.app)
  • As a result, developing a culture medium capable of effectively reducing ROS in vitro embryo production (IVEP) protocols is of tremendous importance (10). (vetmedmosul.com)
  • Relative abundance of mature MIR21 was quantified at 0, 8, 16, 24, 32, and 42 h of in vitro (IVM) with or without treatment with 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Oocytes were considered mature when they reached metaphase II. (sciencegate.app)
  • Oocyte arrest at the diplotene stage is maintained in part through the activity of phosphodiesterase enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) into AMP [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The in vitro embryo production (IVEP) is very stressful for gametes. (vetmedmosul.com)
  • A Feature Paper should be a substantial original Article that involves several techniques or approaches, provides an outlook for future research directions and describes possible research applications. (mdpi.com)
  • We showed previously that cytoplasmic release of mtDNA activates the cGAS STING TBK1 pathway resulting in interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression that promotes antiviral immunity4. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • The oocyte must maintain arrest at the diplotene stage until meiotic resumption occurs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The inability to transcribe mRNA during this stage of development and the probable necessity for post-transcriptional gene regulation (PTGR) suggests an important role for non-coding RNA in the maturing oocyte. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Today, as research techniques become more refined and the evidence generated more complex, silos of knowledge are generated and experts find it difficult to cross between sub-disciplines. (biomedcentral.com)