ApoptosisTP53MutationsDegradationCancersDomain of p53Signaling pathwayMdm2InactivationTranscriptional targetsCellularRegulationGuardian of the genomeTumorsInhibitionTumor typesRegulatorTumorigenesisRibosomal proteinsRegulate the expressionEncodesMutantInhibitorRegulatesPrognosisTranscription factorGenomicHundreds of genesMiRNAOxidativeMechanismGeneticActivationMutationTherapiesPathwaysApoptoticOncogeneHumansHuman GenesCellNucleusAntibodyEndogenousMRNA and protein expression
Apoptosis17
- Expression of the p53 target CDIP correlates with sensitivity to TNFα-induced apoptosis in cancer cells. (nih.gov)
- p53 participates in relevant aspects of cell biology, including apoptosis and cell cycle control and must be strictly regulated to maintain normal tissue homeostasis. (molvis.org)
- SPIN1 ablation activates p53, suppresses cell growth, reduces clonogenic ability, and induces apoptosis of human cancer cells. (elifesciences.org)
- Although the conventional activities of p53 such as cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis are well accepted as the major checkpoints in stress responses, accumulating evidence implicates the importance of other tumor suppression mechanisms. (nature.com)
- Is p53-dependent ferroptosis sufficient for tumor suppression in the absence of cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis? (nature.com)
- To date, various mechanisms have been suggested to explain the powerful tumor-suppressive effect of p53, including the induction of cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis. (nature.com)
- The p53 tumor-suppressor protein induces apoptosis through transcriptional activation of several genes including p53R2, p53AIP1, and PUMA. (thermofisher.com)
- Noxa, like PUMA, localized to mitochondria and induces apoptosis in response to p53. (thermofisher.com)
- Noxa and PUMA may represent direct mediators of p53-induced apoptosis. (thermofisher.com)
- Additionally, transfection with 50 nM miR‑125b mimics markedly reduced the mRNA and protein expression levels of TP53 in the cultured lens epithelial cells, and miR‑125b significantly induced apoptosis in the epithelial cells compared with negative control cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
- An aberrant miRNA expression could contribute to cancer development and progression [ 6 , 7 ] and could affect their target genes that are involved in many biological processes, such as cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, and development [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
- p53 is a tumor suppressor that has a central role in regulating cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, and apoptosis. (novusbio.com)
- Kevetrin induces transcription-independent p53 mediated apoptosis. (shu.edu)
- Stable monoubiquitinated form of wild type p53, accumulates in the cytoplasm and interacts with BAK or BAX proteins in mitochondria to induce apoptosis Thus Kevetrin activates both transcription dependent and transcription independent pathways to promote apoptosis. (shu.edu)
- Stabilized wild type p53 induced apoptosis by inducing the expression of PUMA. (shu.edu)
- The TP53 gene is also capable of stimulating apoptosis of cells containing damaged DNA. (medscape.com)
- TP53 activates the expression of genes involved in apoptosis, cell cycle regulation (p21), and MDM2. (medscape.com)
TP5326
- While loss of wild-type p53 causes fatal damages to the genome, it is not surprising that the TP53 gene is mutated in more than 50% human cancers, and the functions of p53 are often impeded through various mechanisms in the remainder ( Levine and Oren, 2009 ). (elifesciences.org)
- The tumor suppressor TP53 (also called p53) has been among the most extensively studied genes since its discovery in 1979 [ 1 , 2 ]. (nature.com)
- Luciferase assays and online miRNA databases were used to validate that tumor protein p53 (TP53) is the target gene of miR‑125b. (spandidos-publications.com)
- In conclusion, TP53 was identified as a target of miR‑125b, and the minor allele of the rs78378222 polymorphism promoted the miR-125b/TP53 mRNA interaction. (spandidos-publications.com)
- and cell differentiation ( SOX2 and TGFB3 ) as well as immunohistochemical assay for VEGFA, TP53, Bcl2, TGFB1, and Ki67 protein expression have been performed in 85 FFPE RCC tumor specimens. (hindawi.com)
- The advanced pathological grade was associated with strong TGFB1, VEGFA, and Ki67 protein expression and absent Tp53 staining. (hindawi.com)
- TP63 is a member of the tumour suppressor TP53 gene family, and ΔNp63α, a TP63 splicing variant, is constitutively expressed in the stem cell-containing basal layer of stratified epithelial tissues, including the mammary gland, where it plays a critical role in stemness and tissue development. (researchsquare.com)
- Rare inherited mutations in the body's master regulator of the DNA repair system-the TP53 gene-can leave people at a higher risk of developing multiple types of cancer over the course of their lives. (medicalxpress.com)
- TP53 gene abnormalities represent the most important biomarker in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). (muni.cz)
- We studied p53 phospho-profiles induced by DNA-damaging agents (fludarabine, doxorubicin) in 71 TP53-intact primary CLL samples. (muni.cz)
- Profile II samples were less capable of activating p53 target genes upon doxorubicin exposure, resembling TP53-mutant samples at the transcriptomic level, whereas standard p53 signaling was triggered in profile I. ATM locus defects were more common in profile II. (muni.cz)
- The samples also differed in the basal activity of the hypoxia pathway: the highest level was detected in TP53-mutant samples, followed by profile II and profile I. Our study suggests that wild-type TP53 CLL cells with less phosphorylated p53 show TP53-mutant-like behavior after DNA damage. (muni.cz)
- For example, the TP53 gene, located on chromosome 17, encodes a 53-kd nuclear protein that functions as a cell cycle checkpoint. (medscape.com)
- [ 2 ] Targeted disruption of TP53 in the mouse leads to the development of various tumors (see image below). (medscape.com)
- The p19ARF protein, which is encoded by the same locus as p16, also leads to cell cycle arrest by inhibiting the ability of MDM2 to inactivate TP53. (medscape.com)
- Germline mutation of one TP53 allele is found in patients with Li-Fraumeni syndrome who generally inherit a mutated TP53 gene from an affected parent. (medscape.com)
- A TP53 genetic test usually uses a sample of your blood to look for changes in the tumor protein 53 gene, or TP53 for short. (medlineplus.gov)
- Changes in the TP53 gene are linked to many different types of cancer . (medlineplus.gov)
- TP53 is a type of gene called a "tumor suppressor. (medlineplus.gov)
- TP53 proteins also help stop the growth of abnormal cells. (medlineplus.gov)
- If you have certain changes in a TP53 gene, the gene or the protein it makes may not work well or may stop working completely. (medlineplus.gov)
- Changes in your TP53 gene can be acquired or inherited. (medlineplus.gov)
- Most changes in TP53 genes are acquired changes. (medlineplus.gov)
- Inherited changes in the TP53 gene cause a rare genetic condition called Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS). (medlineplus.gov)
- A TP53 genetic test is used to look for changes in your TP53 genes. (medlineplus.gov)
- The test can check whether an acquired change in your TP53 gene is causing your cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
Mutations7
- p53 mutations in human cancers. (lsbio.com)
- Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
- A research team at the Stanford University School of Medicine tested a variety of p53 mutations on mice that were susceptible to pancreatic cancer . (issels.com)
- More than half of cancer cases worldwide are associated with genetic mutations in p53, the protein responsible for protecting DNA from changes that can lead to cancer. (medicalxpress.com)
- ALL cancers have lots of additional changes, the so-called 'passenger' mutations, that may contribute to the cancer, but are not the main genes. (cancerquest.org)
- A proto-oncogene is a gene that becomes an oncogene, a gene that has the potential to cause cancer, through mutations or an increase in expression. (shu.edu)
- Changes in your genes are also called gene variants or mutations. (medlineplus.gov)
Degradation10
- Cell-fate-determinant molecule NUMB-interacting protein (TBC1D15) is overexpressed and contributes to p53 degradation in TICs. (nature.com)
- This in turn results in aPKCζ-mediated NUMB phosphorylation, NUMB dissociation from p53, and p53 degradation (Fig. 1a ) 12 . (nature.com)
- miRNAs bind to complementary sequences present in the 3′-untranslated regions (3′-UTR) of target gene mRNAs and, thus, regulate translational interference or degradation of mRNAs ( 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
- Inhibition of VCP either by genetic depletion or the pharmacologic inhibitor CB-5083 increased ubiquitination and degradation of p53-R273H, leading to cell death. (aacrjournals.org)
- This study revealed proteins involved in oxidative stress are able to inhibit p53 degradation (4). (novusbio.com)
- p53 is regulated by human double minute 2 (MDM2), an E3 ubiquitin ligase that targets and binds to p53 promoting ubiquitination and degradation of the protein [6,7]. (nanoker-society.org)
- 11. Amsel, A. & Roussel, J. Motivational properties of ences in post-transcriptional processes spark interest in the development of frustration: I. Effect on a running response of the (protein redistribution, degradation), pharmacotherapies that selectively reg- addition of frustration to the motivational com- plex. (lu.se)
- Mdm2 protein has the activity of an ubiquitin ligase, which allows for the targeted degradation of its substrates, including p53. (shu.edu)
- In addition to marking p53 for degradation, Mdm2 also binds to p53 and transports it out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm for degradation. (shu.edu)
- The phosphorylation of p53 affects Mdm2's ability to target p53 for degradation. (shu.edu)
Cancers9
- We also discuss the possibility of targeting p53-mediated ferroptotic responses for the treatment of human cancers and potentially, other diseases. (nature.com)
- Because of these limited therapeutic targets, many cancers, including TNBCs, are typically treated with surgery and a combination of radiation and chemotherapy that induce various types of DNA damage. (sciencedaily.com)
- This gene is located within a chromosomal region that shows loss of heterozygosity in some bladder cancers. (cancerindex.org)
- It contains a 5' CpG island that may be a frequent target of hypermethylation, and it may undergo hypermethylation-based silencing in some bladder cancers. (cancerindex.org)
- p53 is widely studied for its role in cancer and is mutated or altered in more than half of all cancers (1). (novusbio.com)
- Given p53's overexpression in a majority of cancers, p53 antibodies have been widely used as prognostic indicators for many years. (novusbio.com)
- A diagram showing the major cancer genes for some cancers. (cancerquest.org)
- Another important class of tumor suppressor genes involved in cell cycle control and in the generation of human cancers is the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors. (medscape.com)
- More than half of all adult cancers involve a change in this gene. (medlineplus.gov)
Domain of p532
- Mdm2 binds directly to the transcriptional activation domain of p53 and blocks p53-dependent transcription. (molvis.org)
- The activation function-2 (AF-2) domain of ERalpha and the C-terminal regulatory domain of p53 are necessary for the interaction. (nih.gov)
Signaling pathway2
- Acts upstream of or within intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator and tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway. (nih.gov)
- The complexity of the p53-Mdm2 link illustrates the importance of this signaling pathway and indicates it is a viable therapeutic target. (shu.edu)
Mdm226
- The p53 interacting partner protein NUMB (homology of numb protein) preserves this intrinsic cellular asymmetry by preventing ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis of p53 catalyzed by the MDM2 E3 ubiquitin ligase 11 . (nature.com)
- p53 E3 ubiquitin protein ligase homolog (Mdm2) is an important negative regulator of p53. (molvis.org)
- The purpose of this study was to determine if Mdm2 regulates p53 in vivo in the adult lens. (molvis.org)
- We analyzed mice expressing human p53 transgene (Tg p53 ) selectively in the lens in the presence or absence of Mdm2 . (molvis.org)
- Mice with the required genotypes were obtained by crossing transgenic, mdm2 +/− , and p53 −/− mice. (molvis.org)
- In a wild-type genetic background ( mdm2 +/+ ), lens damage and microphthalmia were observed only in mice homozygous for Tg p53 ( t/t ). (molvis.org)
- However, in an mdm2 null background, just one allele of Tg p53 ( mdm2 −/− /Tg p53 t/0 mice) was sufficient to cause lens damage and microphthalmia. (molvis.org)
- Furthermore, Mdm2 in only one allele was sufficient to rescue these deleterious effects, since the mdm2 +/− /Tg p53 t/0 mice had eye size and lens morphology similar to the control mice. (molvis.org)
- Mdm2 regulates p53 in the adult lens in vivo. (molvis.org)
- This information may have relevance for analyzing normal and pathological conditions of the lens, and designing cancer therapies targeting Mdm2-p53 interaction. (molvis.org)
- Mdm2 is a key negative regulator of p53 activity. (molvis.org)
- The lethality of mdm2 −/− mice before implantation makes it impossible to analyze Mdm2 interaction with p53 in vivo at specific times of development, at postnatal/adult stages, or in specific cell types. (molvis.org)
- Ribosomal proteins (RPs) play important roles in modulating the MDM2-p53 pathway. (elifesciences.org)
- Mechanistically, SPIN1 sequesters uL18 in the nucleolus, preventing it from interacting with MDM2, and thereby alleviating uL18-mediated inhibition of MDM2 ubiquitin ligase activity toward p53. (elifesciences.org)
- it still remains to be determined if there are more proteins that can regulate the RPs-MDM2-p53 pathway. (elifesciences.org)
- Ectopic or endogenous VCP stabilized p53-R273H by binding to MDM2 and disrupting its association with mutant p53. (aacrjournals.org)
- The study suggests the possibility of MDM2 protein was downregulated and its suppression subsequently activates the expression of p53 during inhibition of UCK2 enzyme. (nanoker-society.org)
- The expression of p53 is directly linked to a blockage of cell cycle progression at G0/G1 phase and upregulates Bax, cytochrome studies have shown the ability of the bioactive compounds of flavokawain B and alpinetin to target UCK2 enzyme specifically, inducing cell cycle arrest and subsequently leading to cancer cell death, possibly through interfering the MDM2-p53 signalling pathway. (nanoker-society.org)
- Overexpression of MDM2 leads to inactivation of p53 tumour protein, thereby diminishing its tumour suppressor function [8]. (nanoker-society.org)
- Nonetheless, MDM2 is in turn regulated by ribosomal proteins (RPs) that binds and suppress the MDM2 E3 ubiquitin ligase activity resulting in the stabilization and activation of p53 [9]. (nanoker-society.org)
- The elevated expression of p53 leads to greater stability, which also induces the regulatory protein Mdm2. (shu.edu)
- The combination of a p53 mutation with overexpression of Mdm2 results in a worse prognosis for a patient, as compared to a patient with only the mutation or the overexpression. (shu.edu)
- When stress or DNA damage occurs in the body and the phosphorylation of p53 occurs on multiple sites, Mdm2 does not associate with p53. (shu.edu)
- Researchers have recently discovered Mdm2 in human tumors and these scientists hypothesize that Mdm2 plays a role in tumorigenesis, with or without p53. (shu.edu)
- The relationship between p53 and Mdm2 has been shown to be vital to the normal functioning of the human cell, and also has other implications in cancer. (shu.edu)
- Kevetrin induced phosphorylation of p53 at Ser15 leading to a reduced interaction between p53 and MDM2, an ubiquitin ligase for p53 that plays a central role in p53 stability. (shu.edu)
Inactivation4
- Altogether, our findings reveal that the oncogenic property of SPIN1 may be attributed to its negative regulation of uL18, leading to p53 inactivation. (elifesciences.org)
- Inactivation of p53 Is Sufficient to Induce Development of Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats. (lsbio.com)
- We assessed the impact of p53 protein phosphorylations on p53 functions as an alternative inactivation mechanism. (muni.cz)
- Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, whose products normally provide negative control of cell proliferation, contributes to malignant transformation in various cell types. (medscape.com)
Transcriptional targets2
- Noxa and PUMA are both transcriptional targets of p53 and BH3-only proteins. (thermofisher.com)
- JMJD2B induction attenuates the transcription of key p53 transcriptional targets including p21, PIG3 and PUMA, and this modulation is dependent on the catalytic capacity of JMJD2B. (escholarship.org)
Cellular7
- p53 affects the transcription of many target genes and interacts with key cellular proteins. (molvis.org)
- The well-documented tumor suppressor p53, referred as 'the guardian of the genome', is activated upon exposure to a myriad of cellular stresses. (elifesciences.org)
- Here, we review the role of ferroptosis in p53-mediated tumor suppression, with a focus on what cellular factors are critical for p53-dependent ferroptosis during tumor suppression and how p53 modulates both the canonical (GPX4-dependent) and the non-canonical (GPX4-independent) ferroptosis pathways. (nature.com)
- Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness worldwide and are characterized by progressive aggregation and precipitation of lens proteins, and the development of age‑related cataracts is associated with dysregulated cellular activities of lens epithelial cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Normally, p53 allows cells to sense and respond to cellular stress such as DNA damage or hypoxia (2). (novusbio.com)
- p53 can control diverse transcriptional programs to regulate senescence and cell death programs as well as cellular metabolism (2). (novusbio.com)
- p53 integrates a variety of signals and allows cells to respond in a manner that is highly dependent on cellular context (2). (novusbio.com)
Regulation6
- and negative regulation of protein import into nucleus. (nih.gov)
- Eden A, Simchen G, Benvenisty N. Two yeast homologs of ECA39, a target for c-Myc regulation, code for cytosolic and mitochondrial branched-chain amino acid aminotransferases. (bdbiosciences.com)
- Schuldiner O, Eden A, Ben-Yosef T, Yanuka O, Simchen G, Benvenisty N. ECA39, a conserved gene regulated by c-Myc in mice, is involved in G1/S cell cycle regulation in yeast. (bdbiosciences.com)
- Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process. (lsbio.com)
- Additionally, DBC1 knockdown eliminated the up-regulation of MMP7, EMT-related proteins, and cell cycle-related proteins as well as the enhanced proliferation and invasiveness induced by ZNF326. (cancerindex.org)
- Further investigations will help to elucidate the complex mechanisms of p53 regulation (2). (novusbio.com)
Guardian of the genome1
- p53, guardian of the genome. (lsbio.com)
Tumors9
- Most studies in the p53 field have focused on its roles in tumors. (nature.com)
- 3) p53 null mice develop tumors with 100% penetrance. (nature.com)
- When responding to these stresses, p53 may incidentally but efficiently suppress tumors. (nature.com)
- Ben-Yosef T, Yanuka O, Halle D, Benvenisty N. Involvement of Myc targets in c-myc and N-myc induced human tumors. (bdbiosciences.com)
- The biological role and underlying mechanism of action of zinc-finger protein 326 (ZNF326) in malignant tumors, including breast cancer, are still not clear. (cancerindex.org)
- While a protein known as p53 has long been recognized as a potent factor in suppressing tumors, the reasons have been unclear. (issels.com)
- According to Dr. Laura Attardi, senior author of the study, the mutated protein hit a "sweet spot" that allowed embryos to develop without any problems and gave adult mice greater resistance to tumors. (issels.com)
- Proteins that are frequently altered in tumors play a prominent role in cancer research. (medicalxpress.com)
- Although carcinogenic roles for the INK4B, INK4C, INK4D, CIP1, KIP1, and KIP2 genes appear to be limited, INK4A is among the most commonly mutated genes in human tumors. (medscape.com)
Inhibition1
- Functionally, exogenous expression of JMJD2B enhanced subcutaneous tumor growth of colon cancer cells in a p53-dependent manner, and genetic inhibition of JMJD2B impaired tumor growth in vivo. (escholarship.org)
Regulator4
- Thus, this central regulator could serve as a potential therapeutic target for treatment of HCC. (nature.com)
- The protein forms a complex with p53 and negatively regulates p53 transcription, and functions as a tumor suppressor and cell cycle regulator. (thermofisher.com)
- The p53 tumor suppressor protein plays a critical role in orchestrating the genomic response to various stress signals by acting as a master transcriptional regulator. (escholarship.org)
- Here we identify valosin-containing protein (VCP) as a regulator of p53-R273H by conducting immunoprecipitation-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. (aacrjournals.org)
Tumorigenesis3
- These findings indicate miR-34a along with its putative target genes could play a role in RCC tumorigenesis and progression. (hindawi.com)
- This widespread role in tumorigenesis has made p53 one of the most highly studied proteins and a target for anti-cancer therapeutics. (novusbio.com)
- Direct evidence linking the INK4A locus to tumorigenesis was provided by the targeted disruption of exon 2 of INK4A in mice. (medscape.com)
Ribosomal proteins1
- These ribosomal proteins are found in stoichiometric amounts in the.Approximately 10 L of the extracted DNA was run on 1% gel electrophoresis and visualized under Gel Doc (Bio-rad, Hercules, CA, US). (nanoker-society.org)
Regulate the expression3
- Products of myc oncogenes are transcription factors that bind to the DNA sequence, CACGTG, and regulate the expression of multiple target genes. (bdbiosciences.com)
- MicroRNAs (miRNAs) negatively regulate the expression of the target genes by binding to ʻseed sequences' in the 3'‑untranslated region (3'‑UTR) mRNA transcripts, and the variants within or nearby ʻseed sequences' may compromise or enhance miRNA/mRNA interaction leading to either ʻloss‑of‑function' or ʻgain‑of‑function' effects. (spandidos-publications.com)
- This allows p53 to bind DNA and regulate the expression of various genes (2). (novusbio.com)
Encodes5
- A new p53 target gene, Noxa, was recently identified, which encodes a protein belonging to the subfamily of BH3-only proapoptic proteins. (thermofisher.com)
- This gene encodes a protein that binds to matrix attachment regions. (thermofisher.com)
- This gene encodes a protein with protease activity and is expressed in the placenta. (cancerindex.org)
- HER2/neu (also called ERB B2 ) is the gene that encodes the human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2. (cancerquest.org)
- This locus, however, also encodes a protein from an alternative reading frame, designated p19ARF. (medscape.com)
Mutant5
- Identification of PARD3 signature on PARD3 deficient H157 cell line, reconstituting the expression of PARD3 gene, with a wt and a mutant form. (nih.gov)
- The antibody should recognize human wild-type and mutant p53. (abcam.com)
- Through ELISA and flow cytometry this study showed strong correlation between mutant p53 levels and survival rates (3). (novusbio.com)
- Despite the differences in their normal roles, these genes all contribute to unregulated cell division if they are present in a mutant (oncogenic) form. (cancerquest.org)
- The mutant proteins often retain some of their capabilities but are no longer sensitive to the controls that regulate the normal form of the protein. (cancerquest.org)
Inhibitor4
- One of the activated genes is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. (lsbio.com)
- In addition, Kevetrin increased expression of p53 target genes such as p21 (Waf1), an inhibitor of cell cycle progression. (shu.edu)
- The p16INK4A protein is a cell-cycle inhibitor that acts by inhibiting activated cyclin D:CDK4/6 complexes, which play a crucial role in the control of the cell cycle by phosphorylating Rb protein. (medscape.com)
- Based on our identified miRNA-regulated molecular machinery, an inhibitor of PDK1/Akt BX-912, an anthracycline antibiotic daunorubicin, and a multi-targeted protein kinase inhibitor midostaurin were discovered as potential repositioning drugs for treating lung cancer. (cdc.gov)
Regulates1
- p53 directly regulates JMJD2B gene expression by binding to a canonical p53-consensus motif in the JMJD2B promoter. (escholarship.org)
Prognosis4
- Recent studies reported microRNAs as promising biomarkers for early cancer detection, accurate prognosis, and molecular targets for future treatment. (hindawi.com)
- However, for patients with a KMT2A rearrangement (KMT2A-r), the prognosis appears to depend on the fusion partner gene rather than the karyotype structure. (cancerindex.org)
- 1q23.1 homozygous deletion and downregulation of Fc receptor-like family genes confer poor prognosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (cancerindex.org)
- For example, a monoclonal p53 antibody , thought to recognize only an epitope on the mutated p53 protein, has been used to assess prognosis and survival rates for colorectal cancer (3). (novusbio.com)
Transcription factor6
- p53 is a transcription factor that plays an important role in preventing cancer development. (molvis.org)
- To achieve this, p53 mainly functions as a transcription factor (TF) targeting hundreds of genes, but it also has TF-independent roles in the nucleus and cytoplasm [ 6 ]. (nature.com)
- The protein RFX7, a largely unknown transcription factor, has recently been linked to lymph node cancer. (medicalxpress.com)
- In addition to its role as a transcription factor, p53 functions in the cytoplasm to regulate the activity of apoptotic pathway proteins such as BAX, BAK , and BCL-2 (2). (novusbio.com)
- As a transcription factor whose expression is increased by DNA damage, p53 blocks cell division at the G1 phase of the cell cycle to allow DNA repair. (medscape.com)
- The CDK4-cyclinD complex normally phosphorylates the retinoblastoma protein (Rb protein), leading to release of the E2F transcription factor and cell cycle progression. (medscape.com)
Genomic5
- Estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha) promotes proliferation of breast cancer cells, whereas tumor suppressor protein p53 impedes proliferation of cells with genomic damage. (nih.gov)
- Remarkably, ionizing radiation that causes genomic damage disrupts the interaction between ERalpha and p53. (nih.gov)
- Genomic studies of TNBC to crack its tough-to-treat status have mainly focused on protein-coding genes and the function of non-coding genes is still largely unknown. (sciencedaily.com)
- This p53-repressive activity may cause genomic instability in epithelial stem cells exposed to radiation. (researchsquare.com)
- Taken together, these results indicate that ΔNp63α represses p53-related radiation-induced DDR, thereby potentially causing genomic instability in epithelial stem cells. (researchsquare.com)
Hundreds of genes1
- With hundreds of genes impacted by p53 activity, Attardi's team turned to the question of discovering which ones were involved in tumor development . (issels.com)
MiRNA3
- Over the past few years, emerging numerous bioinformatic tools have been developed to identify candidate disease-causing genes [ 4 ], including microRNA (miRNA) genes. (hindawi.com)
- MicroRNA-34a gene (MIR-34A) that is located on chromosome 1p36 belongs to one of evolutionary-conserved miRNA families (MIR-34 family) that consists of three members: MIR-34A, MIR-34B, and MIR-34C [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
- SNPs in 6 miRNA processing genes and in 78 miRNAs which target genes known to be important in breast cancer among 906 African American (AA) and 653 European American (EA) cases and Author Manuscript controls enrolled in the Women's Circle of Health Study (WCHS). (cdc.gov)
Oxidative1
- The DNA guardian protein p53 plays the most important role in DDR: it promotes DNA repair and the elimination of cells that are unable to repair the damage caused by oxidative stresses, including radiation. (researchsquare.com)
Mechanism1
- Our findings reveal a novel mechanism for regulating p53 and suggest that suppressing p53 function is an important component in the pro-proliferative role of ERalpha. (nih.gov)
Genetic1
- Using a clinically guided genetic screening approach, researchers identified a non-coding RNA that is overexpressed in triple-negative breast cancer cells and regulated by the tumor suppressor p53 and the activated cell surface protein, EGFR. (sciencedaily.com)
Activation4
- SPIN1 deficiency increases ribosome-free uL18 and uL5 (human RPL11), which are required for SPIN1 depletion-induced p53 activation. (elifesciences.org)
- These findings indicate that JMJD2B acts in an auto-regulatory loop by which p53, through JMJD2B activation, is able to influence its own transcriptional program. (escholarship.org)
- Researchers at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden have published new findings in the journal Cancer Discovery showing how pharmacological activation of the protein p53 boosts the immune response against tumours. (medicalxpress.com)
- Investigation of p53 activation has revealed protein stability in an important aspect of p53 activity. (novusbio.com)
Mutation1
- The mutation appears to hyperactivate the p53 protein, causing it to affect a number of downstream targets. (issels.com)
Therapies4
- Since hormones are not supporting growth, the cancer is unlikely to respond to hormonal therapies and medications that target HER2. (sciencedaily.com)
- Our personalized immunotherapy programs include gene-targeted therapies that shut down specific molecules required for cancer growth. (issels.com)
- Researchers are studying this signaling relationship in order to design targeted drugs and therapies for cancer, as well as many other diseases. (shu.edu)
- From the list of genes that were targeted by the 73 diagnostic miRNAs, DGKE and WDR47 had significant associations with responses to both systemic therapies and radiotherapy in lung cancer. (cdc.gov)
Pathways4
- TBC1D15 activated three novel oncogenic pathways to promote self-renewal, p53 loss, and Nanog transcription in TICs. (nature.com)
- Once activated, p53 coordinates multiple downstream pathways, thereby maintaining the homeostasis of the host cell or organism (if the stress is mild, transient, and repairable) or eliminating damaged cells (if the stress is acute, prolonged, and difficult to resist). (nature.com)
- It is involved in p53 pathways and is implicated in cell death/survival signaling, the cell cycle, and differentiation, thereby playing a regulatory role in carcinogenesis [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Western blotting or immunofluorescence with p53 antibodies is also widely used to monitor induction of DNA damage pathways (5). (novusbio.com)
Apoptotic1
- Although the mechanisms are still unclear, p53 is thought to regulate these apoptotic proteins through direct interaction (2). (novusbio.com)
Oncogene1
- In the first decade since its discovery, p53 was considered an oncogene. (nature.com)
Humans2
- Ras-related protein Rab-6C is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAB6C gene. (wikipedia.org)
- In this combined immunodeficiency (SCID) cancer is low in these species (as it chapter, some aspects of this issue mice, in which the human target is in humans), which renders cancer are discussed. (who.int)
Human Genes1
- The myc recognition binding site of ECA39 is located 3' to the start site of transcription in the mouse and human genes, but this element is absent in the nematode and yeast. (bdbiosciences.com)
Cell15
- The Novel ALG-2 Target Protein CDIP1 Promotes Cell Death by Interacting with ESCRT-I and VAPA/B. Inukai R, et al . (nih.gov)
- Knocking down p53 and ERalpha by small interfering RNA elicits opposite effects on p53-target gene expression and cell cycle progression. (nih.gov)
- This lncRNA is overexpressed in triple-negative breast cancer cells and regulated by the tumor suppressor p53 and the activated cell surface protein, EGFR. (sciencedaily.com)
- Transcriptomic analysis showed decreased RNA expression of cell cycle-related genes and increased expression of programmed cell death-related genes in sip63 cells compared to scr cells. (researchsquare.com)
- Tumour suppressor protein, p53, prevents cancer development by eliminating cells with mutagenic alterations or potential for neoplastic transformation or blocking their cell cycle permanently or by transient DNA repair [3C5]. (nanoker-society.org)
- Extraction of total protein Total protein was extracted from lysed HT-29 cells in an appropriate volume of ProteoJET mammalian cell lysis reagent (Fermentas, Burlington, ON, Canada). (nanoker-society.org)
- The genes that have been identified to date have been categorized into two broad categories, depending on their normal functions in the cell. (cancerquest.org)
- This first category also includes genes that contribute to tumor growth by inhibiting cell death. (cancerquest.org)
- Genes whose protein products can directly or indirectly prevent cell division or lead to cell death. (cancerquest.org)
- We have two copies of each gene and for oncogenes, a single defective copy is enough to cause a cell to divide. (cancerquest.org)
- Many of these genes are responsible for providing the positive signals that lead to cell division. (cancerquest.org)
- As stated in the introduction to this section, the defective versions of these genes, known as oncogenes, can cause a cell to divide in an unregulated manner. (cancerquest.org)
- This is in contrast with tumor suppressor genes which must BOTH be defective to lead to abnormal cell division. (cancerquest.org)
- Like Rb protein, many of the proteins encoded by tumor suppressor genes act at specific points in the cell cycle. (medscape.com)
- Inoculation with a high dose strains of LMP1 transgenic mice vide a powerful tool in mechanistic of EBV caused a B-cell lymphopro- were established that express LMP1 studies on the role of individual viral liferative disorder in these mice, under the control of the immunoglob- genes in cancer. (who.int)
Nucleus1
- Altered responsiveness to co- oup the nucleus accumbens reflect the behavioral approaches that incorporate caine and increased immobility in the forced swim test associated with elevated cAMP response ele- memory of associations between the extinction-like processes may have effi- ment binding protein in nucleus accumbens. (lu.se)
Antibody2
- Both methods yield antibody in solution that is free of most other soluble proteins, lipids, etc. (bdbiosciences.com)
- In one study western blotting with p53 antibody was used to measure the half-life of p53 protein (4). (novusbio.com)
Endogenous2
- Ionizing radiation together with ERalpha knock down results in additive effect on transcription of endogenous p53-target gene p21 (CDKN1) in human breast cancer cells. (nih.gov)
- MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of endogenous small non-coding RNAs of 20-25 nucleotides, modulate the expression of genes at the post-transcriptional level ( 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)