• The phrase "keratoconjunctivitis sicca" means "dryness of the cornea and conjunctiva" in Latin Typical symptoms of dry eye syndrome are dryness, burning and a sandy-gritty eye irritation that gets worse as the day goes on. (wikipedia.org)
  • Maintenance of the ocular surface is dependent on the complex interplay of the lids, lacrimal gland, tear film, conjunctiva, cornea, and neural network. (touchophthalmology.com)
  • LOTEMAX (loteprednol etabonate ophthalmic suspension) is indicated for the treatment of steroid responsive inflammatory conditions of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, cornea and anterior segment of the globe such as allergic conjunctivitis, acne rosacea, superficial punctate keratitis, herpes zoster keratitis, iritis, cyclitis, selected infective conjunctivitides, when the inherent hazard of steroid use is accepted to obtain an advisable diminution in edema and inflammation. (rxlist.com)
  • Diet (e.g. ad libitum):All animals were provided conventional laboratory rabbit diet (Nutrivet Life Sciences, Pune) ad libitum. (europa.eu)
  • Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Altromin 2023 diet for rabbits, ad libitum. (europa.eu)
  • The rabbit received a commercial diet for rabbits, Provimi Kliba 3418.0 ad libitum and ssniff K snack, as well as fresh community tap water from Makrolon drinking bottles ad libitum. (europa.eu)
  • Conclusions Fluid is not uniformly distributed within the corneal stroma when the cornea swells. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • 1 If the number of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) falls below a certain threshold because of traumatic injury, disease, or normal aging processes, functionality of the CE is decreased, and the cornea swells and becomes milky, leading to eventual vision loss. (lww.com)
  • The patch was removed after 4 hours and rabbits were observed for erythema and oedema at 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours after patch removal, evaluated and graded as per draize method. (europa.eu)
  • Skin irritation: OECD 404, 3 New Zealand White rabbits, well-defined to slight erythema, moderate to very slight oedema, fully reversible. (europa.eu)
  • Except for slight erythema noted at the application site of a single rabbit one hour after termination of exposure, no signs of skin irritation (erythema and/or edema) were evident during 24-, 48-, or 72-hour examinations. (europa.eu)
  • Based on mean values of 0 for both erythema and edema at the 24-, 48-, and 72-hour observations, Gum Rosin was not irritating to rabbit skin. (europa.eu)
  • Examinations at 24.5 and 72 hours post-treatment with the undiluted test substance moistened with saline indicated no signs of erythema or edema on the abraded or intact skin of the six rabbits. (europa.eu)
  • After a single application to the intact dorsal skin of a rabbit, for 4 hours under semiocclusive conditions, erythema (scores 1 to 4) were observed from day 1 up to day 9 and edema (scores 1 to 2) were observed from day 2 up to day 5 of the study. (europa.eu)
  • Histologic analysis showed that the SF artificial endothelial graft was attached and integrated on the surface of the corneal stroma without a significant inflammatory reaction, and rabbit CECs consisted in a monolayer that showed their characteristic markers ZO-1 and Na + /K + ATPase, suggesting proper intercellular junctions and cellular pump function. (arvojournals.org)
  • The long-term ability of quiescent keratocytes to repair MMC induced damage in vivo was evaluated in rabbits treated with MMC 2 months before 100 μm deep lamellar keratectomy (LK) injury. (molvis.org)
  • Rabbit artificial SF endothelial grafts were transplanted in a DMEK surgery into a rabbit in vivo model. (arvojournals.org)
  • and with mechanical properties that allowed its use in a DMEK surgery, proving its in vivo functionality in a rabbit model of endothelial dysfunction. (arvojournals.org)
  • In the in vivo test (OECD Guideline 404), three New Zealand white rabbits were exposed to 0.5 g of Resin acids and rosin acids, hydrogenated, potassium salts for 4 hours under occluded contact with intact skin and observed for 72 hours. (europa.eu)
  • In vivo bacterial elimination and anti-inflammation were confirmed by a postcataract endophthalmitis rabbit model. (thno.org)
  • 1. Orssengo G.J., Pye D.C. Determination of the true intraocular pressure and modulus of elasticity of the human cornea in vivo. (glaucomajournal.ru)
  • A comparison of corneal epithelium regeneration in normal and buphtha" by T M. Harris, L B. Sheppard et al. (jax.org)
  • A comparison of corneal epithelium regeneration in normal and buphthalmic rabbits. (jax.org)
  • ASCs are present in a number of posnatal tissues and are responsible for normal tissue renewal as well as for regeneration and healing after injuries. (bvsalud.org)
  • Acute dermal and eye irritation tests in New Zealand white rabbits indicate that the test item is nonirritant to the skin and eyes. (hindawi.com)
  • Eye irritation: OECD 405, 3 New Zealand White rabbits, corneal opacity, iridial inflammation and severe conjunctival irritation. (europa.eu)
  • In a primary dermal irritation study on Hydrogenated rosin (Rosin, hydrogenated), 12 New Zealand white rabbits were dermally exposed to 0.5 gram of test substance for twenty-four (24) hours on intact (n=6) or abraded (n=6) skin (CIVO-Institutes TNO, 1982a). (europa.eu)
  • In a primary dermal irritation study, three male New Zealand white rabbits were dermally exposed on intact skin to 0.5 gram of Gum Rosin (Rosin)for 4 hours under semi-occlusive contact (Phycher Bio Developpement, 2010c). (europa.eu)
  • In a primary dermal irritation study, six young adult New Zealand white rabbits (2 males, 4 females) were exposed to 0.5 g of UNITAC 70 (Rosin, reaction products with formaldehyde) applied for 24 hours under occluded contact to intact and abraded skin (Food & Drug Research Laboratories, Inc., 1985c). (europa.eu)
  • The aim of this study was to investigate possible irritation or corrosion by the test substance following a single application to the intact skin of New Zealand White rabbits. (europa.eu)
  • In a 20 year study in New Zealand, it was demonstrated that well fed farm cats would travel 3 km to kill rabbits. (creation.com)
  • Rabbits can get watery eyes from being allergic to the dust on hay and dry food. (rabbit.org)
  • Highly organized collagen fibrils interlacing with proteoglycans form the crucial architecture of the cornea and facilitate its transparency. (jefferson.edu)
  • Utilizing a rabbit model with an incisional corneal wound, we analyzed ACA's effects on forming collagen and proteoglycan-rich extracellular matrices in scar neotissue. (jefferson.edu)
  • Moreover, we analyzed the spatial distribution of collagen and proteoglycans in normal and healing corneas. (jefferson.edu)
  • Collagen-free regions ('lakes') exist in corneas swollen in vitroand in Fuch's dystrophy corneas, many of which may be caused by the death of cells. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • The DSF method applied to PTK rabbit stroma with high levels of haze suggests that the newly deposited collagen is not the cause of the increased light scattering. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • In most cases the animal subjects-usually albino rabbits bred for the lab-are put to death after the sometimes maiming and often painful test. (scientificamerican.com)
  • Note I'm basically ignoring astigmatism here, which occurs when flaws in the cornea or lens are asymmetric - e.g., maybe blurring only happens on the horizontal plane. (shutdownhook.com)
  • Concepts of corneal refractive surgery, such as keratectomy, keratotomy, and thermokeratoplasty, were first described in 1898 by Lans who published a set of experiments that focused on treating astigmatism in rabbits. (medscape.com)
  • Anterior segment optical coherence tomography revealed the SF graft as a fully integrated component in the corneal tissue, displaying a similar corneal thickness and endothelial cell count when compared with its healthy contralateral cornea. (arvojournals.org)
  • The cornea is a transparent tissue over the anterior part of the eye that serves several purposes: protection, refraction, and filtration of some ultraviolet light. (medscape.com)
  • Results By swelling sections of stroma cut from different depths in the tissue, we have shown that fluid entering the cornea causes more swelling in the posterior lamellae than in the anterior lamellae. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • Introduction In a previous communication from this laboratory 1 it was demonstrated that the ascorbic acid and lactate concentrations in the anterior aqueous humor of rabbits decrease after onset of hydrochloric acid injury to the cornea. (jamanetwork.com)
  • In the cornea he observed no change, and while he believed that a change took place in the back of the lens, he considered it so slight as to be negligible. (freesmfhosting.com)
  • and then two lights or one doubled by reflection from a mirror so placed behind a diaphragm having two rectangular openings that the rays shone through the openings upon the cornea and lens. (freesmfhosting.com)
  • That from the front of the lens forms an upright image of the flame somewhat larger than that reflected from the cornea but usually so faint that the form of the flame cannot be definitely distinguished. (freesmfhosting.com)
  • Since the introduction of the ophthalmoscope into ophthalmological practice and since the demonstration by Cramer and Helmholtz that accommodation is effected through a change in the form of the lens, not of the eyeball, many different theories as to the origin and development of shortsight in relation to the aforementioned deviations from the normal in the shape of the eyeball have been advanced and defended. (freesmfhosting.com)
  • This happens because the eyeball itself is elongated, or because the cornea or lens is overly-refractive (too strong). (shutdownhook.com)
  • The cornea, the lens, and the axial length of the eye are the main contributors to the eye's refraction capability. (medscape.com)
  • The objective of the study was to assess the irritant and/or corrosive effects of test chemical after dermal application on the intact skin in Rabbits. (europa.eu)
  • Some of the leading non-animal tests are conducted on cell cultures, human and animal corneas from eye banks, corneal tissue cultures, and frozen corneas supplied by hospitals. (scientificamerican.com)
  • Dry eye syndrome can lead to blurred vision, instability of the tear film, increased risk of damage to the ocular surface such as scarring of the cornea, and changes in the eye including the neurosensory system. (wikipedia.org)
  • Human and rabbit artificial corneal endothelial grafts were developed through the culture of human and rabbit corneal endothelial cells (CECs) on SF films. (arvojournals.org)
  • TEM images showed that more autolysosomes were presented in infected corneas and RAW 264.7 cells after flavopiridol treatment than after DMSO treatment. (researchsquare.com)
  • Flavopiridol treatment notably upregulated the protein expression of LC3, Beclin-1 and Atg7 in infected corneas as well as in RAW 264.7 cells. (researchsquare.com)
  • Health Status : Healthy young adult rabbits were used for the study. (europa.eu)
  • NAVS maintains that not only is animal testing of any kind inhumane, but it's also more expensive and less reliable than other methods which do not rely on inflicting pain and suffering on rabbits and other furry friends. (scientificamerican.com)
  • Preventing exposure to problematic allergens is key to managing allergies in rabbits. (rabbitbreeders.us)
  • Identifying specific allergens is key so the rabbit can avoid exposure. (rabbitbreeders.us)
  • The Draize Test was devised back in 1944 by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) toxicologist John H. Draize to evaluate the risks of normal short-term exposure to new cosmetics and other personal care products. (scientificamerican.com)
  • Pallikaris then used the excimer laser ablation on the corneal stromal bed under a hinged flap in rabbit corneas. (medscape.com)
  • Symptoms of corneal ulcerations, which also occur from external trauma in normal eyes, include eye discharge, redness, and inflammation. (rabbit.org)
  • This article explores the types of allergies rabbits experience, distinguishing symptoms, and proven treatment strategies. (rabbitbreeders.us)
  • Corn - Another prevalent grain used in rabbit pellets that may trigger allergic reactions in some bunnies. (rabbitbreeders.us)
  • Preservatives and Artificial Colors - Chemical additives like BHA, BHT, or artificial dyes may provoke allergic reactions in sensitive rabbits. (rabbitbreeders.us)
  • Rabbits can suffer from both irritant and allergic reactions to certain substances in their environment. (rabbitbreeders.us)
  • Acclimation period:Rabbits were acclimatised to the test conditions for a period of 5 days (Animal No.-1) and 10 days (Animal No.-2 and 3) prior to the application of the test item. (europa.eu)
  • The DSF method can be used to account for increased light scattering in oedematous corneas but cannot account for haze following PTK. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • Develop a silk fibroin (SF)-based artificial endothelial graft for its use in a rabbit Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK). (arvojournals.org)
  • In a rabbit model of DMEK surgery, SF artificial endothelial graft restored the corneal transparency and thickness at 6 week of follow-up. (arvojournals.org)
  • If a rabbit is exhibiting signs of a food allergy like chronic soft stools, gastric distress, or skin irritations, an elimination diet trial may be warranted. (rabbitbreeders.us)
  • Recently, we generated R91W;Nrl −/− double-mutant mice, which display a well-ordered all-cone retina with normal retinal vasculature and a strong photopic function that generates useful vision. (nature.com)
  • The Stroma is the thickest part of the cornea (which isn't saying much at about 500 micrometers) and where most refraction occurs. (shutdownhook.com)
  • For rabbits with eye discharge, Dr. David W. Penney, at Irving Street Veterinary Hospital in San Francisco, usually "assumes the worst" and treats for infection by prescribing the antibiotic Baytril for 7-10 days to start. (rabbit.org)
  • Hydrogenated rosin was therefore not irritating to rabbit skin. (europa.eu)
  • Based on these findings, UNITAC 70 was not considered to be a skin irritant to rabbits. (europa.eu)
  • Approximately 0.5 g Guanidine carbonate, moistened with distilled water, was applied via a patch to an area of about 2.5 cm x 2.5 cm of the intact skin of each of 3 rabbits and covered by semi-occlusive dressing. (europa.eu)
  • Housing and dietThe rabbit was housed in an air-conditioned room of about 28 m^2 in the Institute of Toxicology. (europa.eu)
  • The purpose of this study was to determine the acute and long-term effects of mitomycin C (MMC) on quiescent rabbit corneal keratocytes regarding cell proliferation, myofibroblast differentiation and DNA repair. (molvis.org)
  • An individual cage card was affixed to the cage displaying the study number, test material, day of treatment, and animal number.AssignmentOne female rabbit, with the animal number 23, was used for this study. (europa.eu)
  • DNA damage was evaluated in both cultured keratocytes and live rabbit eyes following treatment with MMC. (molvis.org)
  • 0.05) throughout the cornea and corneas receiving 0.2 mg/ml MMC treatment 2 months before LK injury showed complete absence of any corneal scarring. (molvis.org)
  • Christopher N. Ta, MD specializes in the diagnosis and medical treatment of cornea diseases. (stanford.edu)
  • Flavopiridol treatment notably reduced corneal opacity and the clinical scores of infected corneas. (researchsquare.com)
  • Compared with DMSO treatment, flavopiridol treatment greatly downregulated IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-a expression in infected corneas. (researchsquare.com)
  • Rabbits have sensitive systems and are prone to adverse reactions to foods, bedding, litter, and environmental irritants. (rabbitbreeders.us)
  • Food allergies in rabbits often develop in response to ingredients in commercial rabbit pellets or treats. (rabbitbreeders.us)
  • We examined the effects of the anesthetics isoflurane and pentobarbital, or hypothermia (30 degrees C), on the ability of rabbits to acquire an eyeblink conditioned response after 6.5 min of cerebral ischemia. (silverchair.com)
  • The ingredients in commercial rabbit pellets or treats are the most likely culprits when it comes to food allergies in bunnies. (rabbitbreeders.us)
  • Soy - Soybean meal is found in many commercial rabbit foods as a protein source. (rabbitbreeders.us)
  • Sugars and Carbohydrates - Some rabbits may have adverse reactions to high sugar treats or starchy binders used in commercial foods and need low-carb diets. (rabbitbreeders.us)
  • LASIK (Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis) replaces the need for external lenses by reshaping the cornea so that it refracts properly. (shutdownhook.com)
  • For medical emergencies please contact a rabbit veterinarian nearby you. (rabbit.org)
  • Thought you might appreciate this item(s) I saw in Cornea. (lww.com)
  • The first disc was then repositioned and sutured back onto the cornea. (medscape.com)
  • In an almost comic fashion, if you roll it over in the normal position, it immediately rolls back over on its back. (creation.com)