Normal human intestinal epithelial cells tissue array analysis. Medical search. Frequent questions

Several functional components of the epithelium contribute to this unique role, among them the secretion of a mucus layer and life-long regeneration of the different epithelial cell types from a stem cell compartment, allowing for quick repair of barrier defects 2 . (nature.com)
We isolated four categories of cells from mammary epithelium of female calves: bromodeoxyuridine label retaining epithelial cells (LREC) from basal (LRECb) and embedded layers (LRECe), and epithelial control cells from basal and embedded layers. (frontiersin.org)
There were also substantial differences in the number of small indels and genome rearrangements - a mean of 227 small indels in clones derived from normal colorectal epithelium from patient one, 130 from patient two, and 167 from patient three. (genomeweb.com)
Of note, differentiated goblet cells retained longer telomeres than columnar lined BE epithelium. (oncotarget.com)
In conclusion, our studies suggest that shortened telomeres are functionally important for tumor development in a mouse model of BE and are associated with proliferating columnar epithelium in human BE. (oncotarget.com)
Adhesiveness to intestinal epithelium, beneficial immunomodulating effects and the production of pathogen-inhibitory compounds are generally considered as beneficial characteristics of probiotic organisms. (biomedcentral.com)
In J, Lukyanenko V, Foulke-Abel J, Hubbard AL, Delannoy M, Hansen A-M, Kaper JB, Boisen N, Nataro JP, Zhu C: Serine protease EspP from enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli is sufficient to induce shiga toxin macropinocytosis in intestinal epithelium. (mek-inhibitors.com)
Here, we profile the gut microbiome and chromatin characteristics in colon epithelium from mice fed either an obesogenic or control diet, followed by an analysis of the resultant changes in gene expression. (biomedcentral.com)
The gastrointestinal (GI) epithelium is a highly regenerative tissue with the potential to provide a renewable source of insulin+ cells after undergoing cellular reprogramming. (diabetesresearchconnection.org)
Cells which lack ER expression at diagnosis arise from an ER compart- were harvested at 60 - 80% confluency and used as a reference in all hybrid- ment within the mammary epithelium or represent evolution from an izations. (lu.se)
Lined by stratified squamous epithelium, the tissues of the mouth are often involved when individuals have conditions affecting the GI system. (medscape.com)

Knockdown of CASP5 greatly inhibited GBM proliferation and resulted in G1 cell cycle arrest along with higher apoptosis ratios in vitro and in vivo, while overexpression led to the opposite phenomenon. (cancerindex.org)
Previous molecular characterizations of mammary stem cells (MaSC) have utilized fluorescence-activated cell sorting or in vitro cultivation of cells from enzymatically dissociated tissue to enrich for MaSC. (frontiersin.org)
In a very interesting review, P. MARRACK & J. KAPPLER focus on naïve, activated, and memory T cells survival separately, and discuss experiments done in vitro and in mice lacking or containing normal populations of lymphocytes. (scielo.br)
Further, their RNA-seq analysis found that diversification of methylation and transcriptome state occurred within each cancer and this was apparently heritable, stable, and independent of the tumor microenvironment, as it persisted after the organoids were cultured in vitro . (genomeweb.com)
In vitro studies indicated increased organoid formation capacity in BE tissue from L2-IL1B.mTERC −/− G2 mice. (oncotarget.com)
Since its discovery in 2000, initial in vitro studies have found that the engagement of Siglec-8 with a monoclonal antibody or with selective polyvalent sialoglycan ligands induced the cell death of eosinophils and inhibited mast cell degranulation. (mdpi.com)
Anti-Siglec-8 antibody administration in vivo to humanized and transgenic mice selectively expressing Siglec-8 on mouse eosinophils and mast cells confirmed the in vitro findings, and identified additional anti-inflammatory effects. (mdpi.com)
The subunits are held together and connected to the underlying cell surface by non-covalent interactions, and they spontaneously reassemble in vitro by an entropy-driven process, i.e. the subunit proteins are very poorly water-soluble [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Sääf AM, Halbleib JM, Chen X, Tsan Yuen S, Yi Leung S, Nelson WJ, Brown PO "Parallels between Global Transcriptional Programs of Polarizing Caco-2 Intestinal Epithelial Cells In Vitro and Gene Expression Programs in Normal and Colon Cancer. (openwetware.org)
In this study, we found that DHX32, a novel RNA helicase, was significantly up-regulated in colorectal cancer compared to its adjacent FG-4592 in vitro normal tissue using a combination of DD-PCR and real-time PCR methods. (mek-inhibitors.com)
In COPD patients and in vitro, cigarette smoke has been shown to reduce epithelial integrity and cell-cell contact, which can increase susceptibility to respiratory pathogens or other environmental pollutants [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Reprogramming of antral stomach cells assembled into bioengineered mini-organs in vitro yielded transplantable units that also suppressed hyperglycemia in diabetic mice, highlighting the potential for development of engineered stomach tissues as a renewable source of functional β cells for glycemic control. (diabetesresearchconnection.org)
In addition, NK cells stimulated with lunasin plus cytokines displayed higher tumoricidal activity than those stimulated with cytokines alone using in vitro and in vivo tumor models. (weeksmd.com)

They will take this work one step further and create new model systems to determine the 3-D relationships and functions of different epithelial cell types as the basal cells detect and respond to various drugs, hormones, chemicals and pathogens that appear in the cavity of the organ. (nih.gov)

Results from murine studies ( 2 ) combined with the observation of radiolabelled blood monocytes in the inflamed intestinal mucosa of IBD patients ( 15 ), indicate that increased LP inflammatory mononuclear cells are a result of monocyte recruitment, rather than expansion of a tissue resident macrophage population. (frontiersin.org)
In the intestinal mucosa, several adaptations of TLR signalling have evolved to avoid chronic inflammatory responses to the presence of commensal microbes. (biomedcentral.com)
Persistent infection with H. pylori induces atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia, and subsequently leads to gastric malignancies including gastric carcinoma and extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma). (spandidos-publications.com)
Spatial distribution of LTi-like cells in intestinal mucosa regulates type 3 innate immunity. (stanford.edu)
It is also unique for the presence of exposed hard tissue surrounded by mucosa. (medscape.com)
A section (on the right) of an intestinal carcinoid mass arising from the mucosa (150 X). Image courtesy of Professor Pantaleo Bufo, University of Foggia, Italy. (medscape.com)

Sequential activation of caspases plays a central role in the execution-phase of cell apoptosis. (cancerindex.org)
There are 3 types of tumor suppressor genes: Genes that affect cell growth Genes that limit the cell cycle and induce apoptosis Genes that repair damaged DNA SFRP1 appears to fall in the first category of genes, those that affect cell growth. (wikipedia.org)
The growth-inhibitory effects of SFRP1 were due primarily to decreased cell proliferation rather than an increase in apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
decreased cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest, and induction of apoptosis. (123dok.net)
Homeobox proteins are master regulators of develop-ment and control many cellular processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, cell shape, and cell migration. (123dok.net)
According to the literature, the pathogenesis of HT-related thyroid cancer may be due to the diffuse lymphocyte infiltration, apoptosis of thyroid epithelial cells, fibrous replacement, and follicular destruction in HT. (medsci.org)
Your suppressive exercise had been not related for you to granulocyte apoptosis or produced components and required cell-to-cell get in touch with. (mirnamimic.com)
These abnormalities result in significant alterations in gene expression related to cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and immune signaling pathways. (spandidos-publications.com)
The tumor tissues were analyzed using apoptosis antibody arrays, real time PCR and western blot. (biomedcentral.com)
A colorectal cancer model was used to decipher the molecular mechanism of BF-rTK + GCV (bifidobacterial recombination thymidine kinase/ganciclovir) using a human apoptosis antibody array kit in a murine cancer model in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)

We show that DNMT3A plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and gut barrier function. (nature.com)
These data demonstrate a critical role for DNMT3A in orchestrating intestinal epithelial homeostasis and response to tissue damage and suggest an involvement of impaired epithelial DNMT3A function in the etiology of IBD. (nature.com)
Wnt signaling pathways control a wide range of processes during embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. (nature.com)
Macrophages form the largest component of the intestinal mononuclear phagocyte system and play a pivotal role in mediating immune homeostasis ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
Here, we report that treatment with orally administered ginger-derived nanoparticles (GDNP) prevents insulin resistance by restoring homeostasis in gut epithelial Foxa2 mediated signaling in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). (thno.org)
Proper midst lobe participation had been an independent forecaster associated with in-hospital mortality.Correct midsection lobe effort has been a completely independent forecaster regarding in-hospital fatality.Macrophages participate in essential tasks within swelling as well as protection in opposition to bad bacteria, plus in the come back to cells homeostasis. (mirnamimic.com)

Given the important roles of the gut microbiome in regulating host physiology and gene expression, a better understanding of the relationship between the host and the symbiont microbiota should provide new insights into human health and disease risk. (biomedcentral.com)

The exact role of DNMT3A in the context of intestinal inflammation has not been investigated so far. (nature.com)
In conclusion, CD44v6 and ALDH1A1 are candidate stem cell markers for NPC, and the increased formation of DNA lesions by inflammation may result in the mutation of stem cells, leading to tumor development in NPC. (hindawi.com)
During inflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are generated from inflammatory cells and are considered to play key roles in carcinogenesis [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Our previous study was the first to demonstrate 8-nitroguanine formation in the cancer cells of NPC patients via iNOS activation [ 14 ], showing that inflammation is an important risk factor for NPC development. (hindawi.com)
Recently, evidence has accumulated showing that stem cells are involved in inflammation-related carcinogenesis. (hindawi.com)
DNA lesions such as 8-nitroguanine and 8-oxodG with mutagenic properties occur in several types of inflammation-related cancer tissues [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
Inflammation-associated tissue injury may activate stem/progenitor cells, and mutagenic stimuli from inflammation can accumulate multiple mutations and epigenetic changes in stem/progenitor cells [ 3 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
The GTPase Rab11 regulates endosomal protein trafficking and previous work has shown that loss of Rab11 caused intestinal inflammation and hyperplasia in mice and flies. (sdbonline.org)
We show that the monocyte:macrophage balance is disrupted in colon inflammation to favour recruitment of CD14 + HLA-DR Int cells in humans, and Ly6C Hi monocytes in mice. (frontiersin.org)
Previous studies have shown the accumulation of human CD14 Hi or CD14 + HLA-DR Int cells in the GI tract lamina propria (LP) during inflammation ( 2 , 6 , 11 - 14 ). (frontiersin.org)
Eicosanoids play pivotal roles in parturition, inflammation, hemodynamics, and renal function, and our appreciation of their bioimpact and relevance to human diseases is still evolving. (jci.org)
The pattern of swelling, inflammation, ulcers, and fissures is similar to that of the lesions occurring in the intestinal tract. (medscape.com)
Acute and chronic inflammation, with lymphocytic and giant cell perivascular infiltrates, and lymphoid follicles are the most common histologic findings in oral and GI Crohn disease. (medscape.com)

Further, when the researchers exposed the tumors to anti-cancer drugs, they observed that even closely related cells in the same tumor had markedly different responses, indicating that colorectal cancer cells experience substantial increases in the rates of their somatic mutations as compared to normal colorectal cells. (genomeweb.com)
The team's methylation array experiments, meanwhile, showed that the methylation states of normal colorectal stem cells from the different individuals were relatively similar, but tumors from different individuals had developed divergent epigenetic states. (genomeweb.com)
Specifically, tumors harboring TP53 mutations, which can impair epithelial function, have a unique bacterial consortium that is higher in relative abundance in smoking-associated tumors of this type. (biomedcentral.com)
When expressed in tumors, TK converts the non-toxic precursor GCV into GCV- 3-phosphate, a toxic substance that kills tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Carcinoid tumors arise from neuroendocrine cells, which are widespread in the human body, especially in the organs derived from the primitive intestine (see the image below). (medscape.com)
however, tumors can originate from any cell of the amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation system and, therefore, produce several intestinal hormones. (medscape.com)

whereas LREC in suprabasal epithelial layers are enriched for more committed progenitor cells, expressing some genes that are associated with stem cell attributes along with those indicative of cell differentiation. (frontiersin.org)
This dictates cycles of mammary growth, differentiation, lactation, and regression, during which mammary stem cells (MaSC) provide for the lineages of luminal and basal (myoepithelial) epithelial cells in the ducts and alveoli. (frontiersin.org)
The Wnt pathway plays a key role in embryonic development, cell differentiation and cell proliferation. (wikipedia.org)
Soen Y, Mori A, Palmer TD, Brown PO "Exploring the regulation of human neural precursor cell differentiation using arrays of signaling microenvironments. (openwetware.org)
These regenerative technologies include directed differentiation of embryonic stem cells and direct conversion from non-β cells such as liver cells, acinar cells, and others (Hebrok, 2012, Johannesson et al. (diabetesresearchconnection.org)
that regulate the differentiation and activation of these cells. (cdc.gov)

They also found that intra-tumor diversification of DNA methylation and transcriptome states occurred, and that the alternations were cell-autonomous, stable, and followed the phylogenetic tree of each cancer. (genomeweb.com)
Transcriptome analyses revealed that Caco-2 BBE cells respond to stimulation with IL-8 supporting the hypothesis that IL-8 induces G protein-coupled receptor signalling. (biomedcentral.com)

Genetic deletion of Dnmt3a in intestinal epithelial cells ( Dnmt3a ΔIEC ) in mice confirms the phenotype of an altered epithelial ultrastructure with shortened apical-junctional complexes, reduced Goblet cell numbers and increased intestinal permeability in the colon in vivo. (nature.com)
These approaches result in the loss of all histological information pertaining to the in vivo locale of MaSC and progenitor cells. (frontiersin.org)
provides an overview of the dynamic in vivo life of NK cells from their development in the bone marrow to their mature cellular responses in the periphery and their ultimate demise, with emphasis on mouse NK cells and viral infections. (scielo.br)
These results show that IL-8 induces autocrine signalling via an apical CXCR1 in Caco-2 BBE intestinal epithelial cells and that this receptor is also expressed on the apical surface of differentiated human intestinal epithelial cells in vivo , suggesting an autocrine function for IL-8 secreted in the lumen. (biomedcentral.com)
Native antral endocrine cells share a surprising degree of transcriptional similarity with pancreatic β cells, and expression of β cell reprogramming factors in vivo converts antral cells efficiently into insulin+ cells with close molecular and functional similarity to β cells. (diabetesresearchconnection.org)

Myeloid cell populations isolated from colonic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or murine dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) induced colitis were assessed using flow cytometry and compared to healthy controls. (frontiersin.org)
Interestingly, IL-8 has been measured in the colon milieu of healthy volunteers using a dialysis bag inserted in the rectum [ 9 ] suggesting that it might be apically secreted by colonic epithelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The gut microbiome, a key constituent of the colonic environment, has been implicated as an important modulator of human health. (biomedcentral.com)
The SCFAs are rapidly adsorbed from the colonic lumen and constitute a preferred energy source for colonic epithelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) have evolved to build a complex physiological barrier that separates the intestinal lumen from the underlying mucosal tissue. (nature.com)
He has delineated the function of these molecules in diverse set of biological processes including: 1) gut and kidney formation, 2) vascular permeability, 3) mucosal inflammatory disease, 4) stem cell homing and migration, and 5) epithelial tumor progression. (ubc.ca)

Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) play a key role in the inflammatory response to colonizing or invading microorganisms via the secretion of interleukin-8 (IL-8). (biomedcentral.com)

showed that SFRP1 expression in UMRC3 cells (clear cell renal cell carcinoma cell line) resulted in a growth-inhibited phenotype. (wikipedia.org)
Intestinal macrophages display a "tolerant" phenotype, poorly responsive to toll like receptor (TLR) ligands (vital to avoid triggering inflammatory responses while scavenging commensal bacteria) whilst maintaining a homeostatic environment via IL-10 and PGE 2 production ( 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
In view of our previous data showing the ability of DA to affect adaptive immune responses, we investigated the dopaminergic phenotype of human CD8+ Treg as well as the ability of DA to affect their generation and activity. (bvsalud.org)

Dnmt3a ΔIEC mice suffer from increased susceptibility to experimental colitis, characterized by reduced epithelial regeneration. (nature.com)
SFRP1 expression not only reduced the expression of Wnt target genes, but also markedly inhibited tumor cell growth in culture, soft agar and xenografts in athymic nude mice. (wikipedia.org)
review the heterogeneity of the current models for memory T cells generation and maintenance in humans and mice. (scielo.br)
In the present study, MPTP and MPP+ treatments were used to model PD in mice and SH-SY5Y cells, respectively. (bvsalud.org)
A micro array profile of intestinal, liver and fat tissue of GDNP treated mice was used to analyze their gene expression profile. (thno.org)
Increasing expression of Foxa2 leads to altering the composition of intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) exosomes of mice fed a HFD and prevents IEC exosome mediated insulin resistance. (thno.org)
show that the antral stomach region of the gastrointestinal tract is particularly amenable to being reprogrammed to a β cell fate because of transcriptional similarity and that bioengineered stomach mini-organs containing reprogrammed cells can rescue hyperglycemia when transplanted into diabetic mice. (diabetesresearchconnection.org)

DNMT3A expression is downregulated in intestinal epithelial cells from IBD patients and upon tumor necrosis factor treatment in murine intestinal organoids. (nature.com)
In this work, we analyze expression patterns of DNMT3A in patients with IBD, perform loss of function experiments using Caco-2 cell line and generate a conditional Dnmt3a ΔIEC mouse line. (nature.com)
We examined the expression level of lncRNA CASP5 in GBM tissues as well as GBM cell lines. (cancerindex.org)
Enriched expression of genes in LRECb was associated with stem cell attributes and identified WNT, TGF-β, and MAPK pathways of self renewal and proliferation. (frontiersin.org)
Expression levels of several targets of the Wnt signaling pathways are increased in tumor tissue compared with normal, and the expression of SFRP1 is lost in patient tumor samples. (wikipedia.org)
The majority of research has focused on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway (also known as the "canonical" Wnt pathway), which manages cell fate determination by regulating gene expression. (wikipedia.org)
Expression levels of CD44v6 and ALDH1A1 were significantly increased in cancer cells of primary NPC specimens in comparison to chronic nasopharyngitis tissues. (hindawi.com)
In addition, mRNA expression profiles in human and murine colon samples, and in macrophages and monocytes from healthy and inflamed murine colons, were analysed by quantitative PCR (qPCR) and mRNA microarray. (frontiersin.org)
It has recently been shown that murine intestinal macrophages are continually repopulated from circulating blood monocytes, identified by expression of the cell surface markers Ly6C, CCR2, and CD62L ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
In this study, we evaluated whether VMAT2 expression increased by an HDACi can fine-tune neuropsychotic behavior, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and protect against the cell toxicity through oxidized dopamine. (bvsalud.org)
First, approximately 300 candidate HDACi compounds were added to the SH-SY5Y dopaminergic cell line to identify the possible changes in the VMAT2 expression levels, which were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. (bvsalud.org)
The results demonstrated, that treatment with pimelic diphenylamide 106 (TC-H 106), a class I HDACi, increased VMAT2 expression in both the SH-SY5Y cells and mouse brain. (bvsalud.org)
These results indicate that HDACi-increased VMAT2 expression offers sufficient protections against dopaminergic cell death induced by oxidative stress. (bvsalud.org)
Results: In this study, we found high expression of the HOXD9 gene transcript in glioma cell lines and human glioma tissues by quantitative real-time PCR. (123dok.net)
Using immunohistochemistry, we observed HOXD9 protein expression in human brain tumor tissues, including astrocytomas and glioblastomas. (123dok.net)
Finally, we cultured human glioma cancer stem cells (GCSCs) from patient specimens found with high expression of HOXD9 in GCSCs compared with normal astrocyte cells and neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs). (123dok.net)
Identification of PARD3 signature on PARD3 deficient H157 cell line, reconstituting the expression of PARD3 gene, with a wt and a mutant form. (nih.gov)
Rubins KH, Hensley LE, Wahl-Jensen V, Daddario Dicaprio KM, Young H, Reed DS, Jahrling PB, Brown PO, Relman DA, Geisbert TW "The temporal program of peripheral blood gene expression in the response of non-human primates to Ebola hemorrhagic fever. (openwetware.org)
Palmer C, Diehn M, Alizadeh AA, Brown PO "Cell-type specific gene expression profiles of leukocytes in human peripheral blood. (openwetware.org)
Sood R, Zehnder JL, Druzin ML, Brown PO "Gene expression patterns in human placenta. (openwetware.org)
The differences in gene expression profiles induced by the two predators suggest that there are functional differences between the altered tail tissues of the two groups of tadpoles. (biomedcentral.com)
Several approaches have been taken to identify and compare gene expression in normal and disease states [7-11]. (mek-inhibitors.com)
In eukaryotic cells, chromatin comprises a complex consisting of DNA, RNA, and proteins where covalent modifications correlate with regulation of gene expression [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Diet-induced obesity led to altered acetylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27ac) and to altered monomethylation of lysine 4 on histone H3 (H3K4me1) at numerous loci, with concomitant changes in the expression of genes that were functionally relevant to intestinal cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
Treatment of CRC cells with MS-444 resulted in growth inhibition and increased apoptotic gene expression, while similar treatment doses in non-transformed intestinal cells had no appreciable effects. (oncotarget.com)
Human GC tissue array was used to analyse patient survival based on BCL6B and CD3 protein expression. (biomedcentral.com)
2002). Recent studies showed that intestinal cells could be converted into insulin+ cells with either endocrine-specific deletion of FoxO1 or ubiquitous expression of NPM reprogramming factors (Ngn3, Pdx1, and Mafa) (Bouchi et al. (diabetesresearchconnection.org)
The analysis of inflammatory markers (TNF-α) in tumor indicated that BF-rTK + GCV significantly inhibited TNF-α expression. (biomedcentral.com)
Eukaryotic expression vectors containing genes encoding plant proteins for killing of cancer cells. (weeksmd.com)
BT-474 cells, obtained expression of the receptor has important implications for their biology from American Type Culture Collection, were maintained in RPMI 1640 and therapy (1). (lu.se)

The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
They are part of a much larger group of compounds, the eicosanoids, which, although ubiquitous as a group, are produced by a variety of cell type-, tissue-, and species-specific biosynthetic pathways. (jci.org)
The tissue-specific biosynthetic pathways that generate specific PGs are well covered in textbooks. (jci.org)

The aetiology of post-weaning diarrhea is multifactorial, but an elevated susceptibility to enteric infections due to the altered intestinal microbial balance is believed to play a central role [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Wagner PL, Acheson DWK, Waldor MK: Human neutrophils and their products induce shiga toxin production by enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli. (mek-inhibitors.com)
Moreover, although NPM factors induce insulin+ cells in the intestine, the induced cells appear to lack certain important β cell genes such as Nkx6.1 and exhibit reduced glucose responsiveness compared with pancreatic β cells (Chen et al. (diabetesresearchconnection.org)

LncRNA CASP5 have been found to be up-regulated in GBM tissues compared with normal tissues in a microarray-based lncRNA profiling study. (cancerindex.org)
CXCR1 is expressed in the human IEC line Caco-2 BBE [ 3 ], which is in agreement with our own microarray data using Caco-2 BBE cell mRNA (see below). (biomedcentral.com)
mRNA microarray analyses of A549, PC14, and PC14CDDP cells that were transiently transfected with either pre-miR-197 or LNA-miR-197 and their controls. (nih.gov)
Here, we performed a discriminant microarray analysis using Xenopus laevis genome arrays to compare tail tissues of control and predator-exposed tadpoles. (biomedcentral.com)

Preferential upregulation of DR mRNA levels in the CD8+CD28- T cell compartment occurs during generation of CD8+ Treg, which is reduced by DA and by the D1-like DR agonist SKF-38393. (bvsalud.org)

During rapid mammary growth in the mouse, label retaining epithelial cells (LREC) appear to retain label by asymmetric distribution of DNA strands, as evidenced by a rapid proliferation index of the LREC ( Smith, 2005 ). (frontiersin.org)
During periods of low mammary proliferation, quiescence of the stem cell population may account for retention of label. (frontiersin.org)
Furthermore, we show that the ligands Wnt5a/b are upstream regulators of the non-canonical signature and moreover regulate proliferation of cancer cells in a β-catenin-independent manner. (nature.com)
Our experiments indicate that colon cancer cells are dependent on both β-catenin-dependent and -independent Wnt signaling routes for growth and proliferation. (nature.com)
It was suggested that HOXD9 contributes to both cell proliferation and/or cell survival. (123dok.net)
HOXD9 siRNA treatment of SK-MG-1 SP cells resulted in reduced cell proliferation. (123dok.net)
Conclusions: Our results suggest that HOXD9 may be a novel marker of GCSCs and cell proliferation and/or survival factor in gliomas and glioma cancer stem-like cells, and a potential therapeutic target. (123dok.net)
EBVaGC is defined by monoclonal proliferation of carcinoma cells with latent EBV infection, as demonstrated by EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER) in situ hybridization. (spandidos-publications.com)
In response to mito- pendence between the key mecha- gens, cell proliferation is triggered by nistic characteristics. (who.int)
H - Ras cell proliferation are also linked with haematopoietic cel s. (who.int)

In addition, 14 of the patients were the normal mammary gland and are also important in the development premenopausal (5 ER and 9 ER ) and 33 were postmenopausal (18 ER and progression of breast carcinoma. (lu.se)

However, it is not clear how gut macrophages, relative to recruited blood monocytes and other myeloid cells, contribute to the intestinal inflammatory milieu, nor how macrophages and their monocyte precursors mediate recruitment of other immune cells to the inflamed intestine. (frontiersin.org)
However, the functions of mature intestinal macrophages and recruited monocytes are strikingly different. (frontiersin.org)
Cocultures associated with -inflammatory macrophages together with bone tissue marrow CD11b+Ly6Ghi granulocytes led to lowered discharge of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 by macrophages right after lipopolysaccharide arousal. (mirnamimic.com)

Independent experiments confirmed several target genes, including PLOD2 , HADH , LCOR and REEP1 as non-canonical target genes in various colon cancer cells. (nature.com)
They then sequenced the coding regions of 360 known cancer genes in all normal and cancer-derived clonal organoids for likely driver mutations, and a subset were whole-genome sequenced. (genomeweb.com)
Background: HOX genes encode a family of homeodomain-containing transcription factors involved in the determination of cell fate and identity during embryonic development. (123dok.net)
Liu C, Pan Y, Li Q, Zhang Y. Bioinformatics analysis identified shared differentially expressed genes as potential biomarkers for Hashimoto's thyroiditis-related papillary thyroid cancer. (medsci.org)
Functional analyses indicated that some of the genes induced by dragonfly larvae caused an increase in laminins necessary for cell adhesion in the extracellular matrix. (biomedcentral.com)
consequently, genes encoding some of these proteins are being used to design constructs for the inhibition of multiplying cancer cells. (weeksmd.com)

Here we investigated whether polarized monolayers of intestinal epithelial cells might regulate inflammatory responses by secreting IL-8 in a vectorial fashion (i.e. apical versus basolateral) depending on the location of the TLR stimulus. (biomedcentral.com)
Because magnesium is bound to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) inside the cell, shifts in intracellular magnesium concentration may help to regulate cellular bioenergetics, such as mitochondrial respiration. (medscape.com)
There he worked with Dr. Max D. Cooper (Howard Hughes Medical Institute, National Academy of Sciences) and his research focused on cell surface proteins expressed by preB cells that regulate B cell maturation and homing. (ubc.ca)
His laboratory has followed two primary interests: 1) the transcription factor networks that regulate fate determination in various cells that make blood, and 2) the cell surface proteins expressed by hematopoietic stem cells that and allow them to communicate with their microenvironment. (ubc.ca)

Retention of labeled DNA strands may be attributed to the ability of stem cells to retain the parental DNA strand during asymmetric cell division ( Cairns, 1975 ) or to quiescence of the stem cell population such that the DNA label is not diluted by frequent cell divisions ( Klein and Simons, 2011 ). (frontiersin.org)
Original article published in Cell Stem Cell on February 18, 2016. (diabetesresearchconnection.org)
There his work focused on transcriptional control of hematopoietic stem cell maturation and cell fate. (ubc.ca)
In addition, he identified a number of novel hematopoietic stem cell surface proteins and began analyzing their function. (ubc.ca)
He is a member of the Stem Cell Network Centre of Excellence (past member of the Stem Cell Policy Committee and Research Management Committee and current Sub-chair of the Training and Education Committee), and a member of the AllerGen Network Centre of Excellence (Research Management Committee and Co-Chair of the Biomarkers Program). (ubc.ca)

discuss the role of integrins in T cell- mediated immunity, with a focus on how these receptors participate in lymphocyte recirculation and T cell activation, how antigen stimulation regulates integrin activity, and how integrins define functionally unique subsets of T cells and APCs. (scielo.br)

Efficient recognition of foreign pathogens by T cells requires adhesive interactions between T cells and other cell types, such as endothelial cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and with components of the extracellular matrix. (scielo.br)
As adhesion to host tissues is essential for many gastro-intestinal pathogens, the paradigm of competitive exclusion through competition for binding sites has evolved. (biomedcentral.com)

Furthermore, the migration and invasion ability of GBM cells were significantly decreased after CASP5 down-regulation, while increased migration and invasion can be observed after CASP5 up-regulation. (cancerindex.org)

They conclude that although armed with highly distinct effector functions, there are many parallels between the T cell and B cell components of the immune response and their conversion into memory. (scielo.br)
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is exposed to the greatest antigenic burden in the body, which poses a significant challenge to the many resident immune cells ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Siglecs (sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins) are single-pass cell surface receptors that have inhibitory activities on immune cells. (mdpi.com)
Remarkably, Clec4a4+ eosinophils were instructed by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a ligand-activated transcription factor that imprints many gut immune cells. (stanford.edu)
Cancer gene therapy approaches include the direct killing of tumor cells by injecting a therapeutic gene into the tumor cell or employing vaccine strategies to deliver an immunomodulatory gene that stimulates the immune system to recognize tumor antigens [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

NEW YORK (GenomeWeb) - An international team of researchers has used whole-genome sequencing, RNA sequencing, and methylation arrays to investigate the intra-tumor mutational landscape of colorectal cancer at the single-cell level. (genomeweb.com)
Colorectal cancer cells showed extensive mutational diversification and carried several times more somatic mutations than normal colorectal cells. (genomeweb.com)
Methods Subjects 34 pairs of specimens (tumor tissues and their adjacent normal tissues) and 14 tumor tissues were obtained from patients with colorectal cancer who underwent surgical resection at the Xiamen Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University in Xiamen during 2006 and 2007. (mek-inhibitors.com)
Meanwhile, three human digestive system xenograft tumor models (colorectal cancer colo320, gastric cancer MKN-45 and liver cancer SSMC-7721) and a breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) model were employed to validate the universality of BF-rTK + GCV in solid tumor gene therapy. (biomedcentral.com)

HA proteins bind to sialoside receptors on the host cell surface. (cdc.gov)
Although a recent study ( 22 ) reported enhanced avidity of H5N6 viruses for human-type receptors, recombinant clade 2.3.4.4 highly pathogenic influenza A virus H5 proteins from virus isolates in North America show a strict avian receptor-binding preference ( 23 ). (cdc.gov)
Takata K, Matsuzaki T, Tajika Y. Aquaporins: water channel proteins of the cell membrane. (benthamscience.com)
Moreover, the role of the L. amylovorus surface (S) -layers - symmetric, porous arrays of identical protein subunits present as the outermost layer of the cell envelope - in adherence to IPEC-1 cells was assessed using a novel approach which utilized purified cell wall fragments of the strains as carriers for the recombinantly produced S-layer proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
We demonstrated adhesive and significant pathogen inhibitory efficacies among the swine intestinal L. amylovorus strains studied, pointing to their potential use as probiotic feed supplements, but no independent role could be demonstrated for the major S-layer proteins in adherence to epithelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)
In this regard, his lab has identified a novel family of hematopoietic cell surface proteins, called the CD34 family, and shown that these are essential for a number of developmentally important processes. (ubc.ca)

In a paper published today in Nature , researchers from the UK, the Netherlands, and the US described their efforts to characterize organoids derived from multiple single cells from three colorectal cancers as well as from adjacent normal intestinal crypts. (genomeweb.com)
To our knowledge, this is the first systematic and integrated analysis at genetic, epigenetic, transcriptomic, and functional levels of multiple single-cell-derived clones from human cancers to incorporate high-quality and comprehensive description of essentially all somatic mutations present in multiple single cells," the authors concluded. (genomeweb.com)

Extracellular magnesium is in equilibrium with that in the bones and soft tissues (eg, the kidneys and intestines). (medscape.com)

To investigate the involvement of stem cells in Epstein-Barr virus infection-related nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), we used double immunofluorescence staining to examine several cancer stem/progenitor cell markers (CD44v6, CD24, and ALDH1A1) in NPC tissues and NPC cell lines. (hindawi.com)
Similarly, more intense staining of CD44v6 and ALDH1A1 was detected in an NPC cell line than in an immortalized nasopharyngeal epithelial cell line. (hindawi.com)
Subsequent studies revealed that EBV caused a number of different human malignancies, such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), Hodgkin's lymphoma, extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type and lymphoproliferative disorders of immunocompromised hosts ( 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

The specimens for assay were snap-frozen and stored in liquid nitrogen until analysis. (mek-inhibitors.com)

NA removes sialic acids from glycans, which enables virus particles to be released from the cell surface after assembly and from decoy receptors (e.g., in mucus). (cdc.gov)
Results show that CD8+ T cells express both D1-like and D2-like dopaminergic receptors (DR), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of DA, and vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT) 2 and contain high levels of intracellular DA. (bvsalud.org)
We aim to study the coupling between LTCC and β adrenergic receptors in different cardiomyocyte microdomains, the distinct involvement of PKA and CAMKII (Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II) and explore how this functional complex is disrupted in heart failure.Methods:Global signaling between LTCCs and β adrenergic receptors was assessed with whole-cell current recordings and western blot analysis. (imperial.ac.uk)

In squamous cell carcinoma specifically, a separate group of taxa are identified, in which Acidovorax is enriched in smokers. (biomedcentral.com)
Further, these taxa, including Acidovorax , exhibit higher abundance among the subset of squamous cell carcinoma cases with TP53 mutations, an association not seen in adenocarcinomas. (biomedcentral.com)
The results of this comprehensive study show both microbiome-gene and microbiome-exposure interactions in squamous cell carcinoma lung cancer tissue. (biomedcentral.com)

To test the idea that loss of Rab11 may promote cancer progression, archival human patient tissues were analyzed and 51 out of 70 colon cancer tissues had lower Rab11 protein staining. (sdbonline.org)
Here, we aimed at identifying a β-catenin-independent Wnt target gene signature in order to understand the functional significance of non-canonical signaling in colon cancer cells. (nature.com)

The culture supernatants of all of the strains exerted inhibitory effects on the growth of E. coli , Salmonella , Listeria and Yersinia , and a variable, strain-dependent induction was observed of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in human DCs. (biomedcentral.com)
With the goal of further improving cytokine-based immunotherapy, we examined the effects of a soybean peptide called lunasin that synergistically works with cytokines on natural killer (NK) cells. (weeksmd.com)
The combination of lunasin and cytokines (IL-12 plus IL-2) was capable of restoring IFNÎ³ production by NK cells from post-transplant lymphoma patients. (weeksmd.com)

There was a mean of one genome rearrangement in clonal organoids derived from normal colorectal epithelial cells compared with means in cancer-derived clonal organoids of 71 rearrangements from patient one, 176 from patient two, and 67 from patient three. (genomeweb.com)

Moreover, several studies have shown that cancer cells have genetic instability, epigenetic changes, and an accumulation of mutations, suggesting that cancer is a genetic disease [ 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
Most mutations were acquired during the final dominant clonal expansion of the cancer and resulted from mutational processes that are absent from normal colorectal cells," the authors wrote. (genomeweb.com)
Somatic mutations were identified by comparison with the sequences of DNA extracted from pieces of normal colorectal tissue. (genomeweb.com)
Disturbances in the microbiome, from cigarette smoke, epithelial damage, or gene mutations, can allow pathogenic species to dominate the community or increase virulence of other normally commensal microbes. (biomedcentral.com)
Activating mutations upstream may also underlie some epigenetic or within the ERK1/2 cascade are events that change cell signalling. (who.int)

In children diagnosed with IBD, genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of purified intestinal epithelial cells clearly distinguishes between healthy individuals and the IBD group 8 . (nature.com)
Recent advances in genome-wide and comprehensive molecular analyses have demonstrated that both genetic and epigenetic changes contribute to EBVaGC carcinogenesis. (spandidos-publications.com)

Yang B, Ma T, Verkman A. cDNA cloning, gene organization, and chromosomal localization of a human mercurial insensitive water channel evidence for distinct transcriptional units. (benthamscience.com)
Klapholz-Brown Z, Walmsley GG, Nusse YM, Nusse R, Brown PO "Transcriptional program induced by wnt protein in human fibroblasts suggests mechanisms for cell cooperativity in defining tissue microenvironments. (openwetware.org)
We identified differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and differentially hydroxymethylated regions (DHMRs) between ILC and NK cell subsets and correlated them with transcriptional signatures. (stanford.edu)

Exposure to cigarette smoke, the primary risk factor in lung cancer, reduces epithelial barrier integrity and increases susceptibility to infections. (biomedcentral.com)

AQP4 is prevalently distributed in the central nervous system, and mainly regulates water flux in brain cells under normal and pathological conditions. (benthamscience.com)

Approximately 60% of the body's magnesium is present in bone, 20% is in muscle, and another 20% is in soft tissue and the liver. (medscape.com)
Another three human cancer xenograft models (gastric cancer MKN-45, liver cancer SSMC-7721 and breast cancer MDA-MB-231) were also established for survival analysis after BF or BF-rTK + GCV intratumor treatment. (biomedcentral.com)

Impaired epithelial barrier function is regarded as a key feature of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) 3 . (nature.com)

The underlying mechanism responsible for the effects of lunasin on NK cells is likely due to epigenetic modulation on target gene loci. (weeksmd.com)

CD8+ T regulatory/suppressor cells (Treg) affect peripheral tolerance and may be involved in autoimmune diseases as well as in cancer. (bvsalud.org)
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy donors and post-transplant lymphoma patients were stimulated with or without lunasin in the presence of IL-12 or IL-2. (weeksmd.com)

Overall, we demonstrate a lower alpha diversity in normal lung as compared to non-tumor adjacent or tumor tissue. (biomedcentral.com)

The staining intensity of 8-nitroguanine was significantly higher in cancer cells and inflammatory cells in the stroma of NPC tissues than in chronic nasopharyngitis tissues. (hindawi.com)
rather, this property is limited to a subset of cells termed "cancer stem cells" [ 15 , 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
Genetic diversification of each cancer is accompanied by pervasive, stable, and inherited differences in the biological states of individual cancer cells," the team added. (genomeweb.com)
Functional analysis of HOXD9 in human gliomas and glioma cancer stem cells. (123dok.net)
The HOXD9 gene was highly expressed in a side population (SP) of SK-MG-1 cells that was previously identified as an enriched-cell fraction of glioma cancer stem-like cells. (123dok.net)
called either cancer stem cells (CSCs) or tumor-initiat-ing cells[3]. (123dok.net)
1. Adjacent normal tissues were defined as tissues which have no sign of cancer by visual inspection and which were located 3-5 cm surrounding the boundary of the cancer tissues. (mek-inhibitors.com)
Subsequent development of in situ hybridization (ISH) techniques to detect EBV-encoded small RNAs (EBERs) facilitated the detection of EBV in cancer tissues ( 4 , 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Large bowel cancer is one of the most common human malignancies in Western countries including North America. (aacrjournals.org)
Large bowel cancer is one of the most common and persistent human malignancies in the Western world, including the United States. (aacrjournals.org)
Using lung tissue from 33 controls and 143 cancer cases, we conduct 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) bacterial gene sequencing, with RNA-sequencing data from lung cancer cases in The Cancer Genome Atlas serving as the validation cohort. (biomedcentral.com)
The survival rate was evaluated in three human cancer models after the BF-rTK + GCV intratumor treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
Survival analysis results of multiple cancer models confirmed that BF-rTK + GCV system has a wide field of application in solid tumor gene therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
One such peptide, Lunasin , has been shown to selectively act on newly transformed cells while having no cytotoxic effect on non-tumorigenic or established cancer cell lines. (weeksmd.com)
Gene therapy has attracted attention for its potential to specifically and efficiently target cancer cells with minimal toxicity to normal cells. (weeksmd.com)
Numerous vectors have been engineered for the sole purpose of killing cancer cells, and some have successfully suppressed malignant tumours. (weeksmd.com)
arations verified the presence of cancer cells in all samples. (lu.se)
pendent of those associated with cretory ducts, columnar epithelia the KRAS gene is more frequent- other key mechanistic characteris- lining the gastrointestinal tract and ly mutated in human cancer, which tics of IARC Group 1 carcinogens. (who.int)

The authors also argue that memory B and T cell responses are long-lived in the absence of antigen, but they are modulated and influenced by other infections and that memory B and T cells can either provide protective immunity or contribute to immunopathology on infection with homologous or heterologous viruses. (scielo.br)
These cells can participate in inflammatory responses by releasing mediators that attract or activate other cells, contributing to the pathogenesis of allergic and non-allergic diseases. (mdpi.com)

Ablation of DNMT3A in Caco-2 cells results in global DNA hypomethylation, which is linked to impaired regenerative capacity, transepithelial resistance and intercellular junction formation. (nature.com)
Induced GI insulin+ cells can suppress hyperglycemia in a diabetic mouse model for at least 6 months and regenerate rapidly after ablation. (diabetesresearchconnection.org)

their evolution from distinct cell lineages. (lu.se)

Innate lymphocytes encompass a diverse array of phenotypic identities with specialized functions. (stanford.edu)
Here, we characterized the whole-genome distribution of methyl-CpG and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in mouse innate lymphoid cell 3 (ILC3), ILC2 and natural killer (NK) cells. (stanford.edu)
1. To be able to describe the role of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in Date of Original Release: April 2014. (cdc.gov)
CRTH2: Chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed includes nonallergic asthma phenotypes, such as asthma on TH2 cells associated with exposure to air pollution, infection, or obesity, ILC: Innate lymphoid cell that require innate rather than adaptive immunity. (cdc.gov)
NKT: Natural killer T innate lymphoid cells and their role in asthma. (cdc.gov)

The eicosanoid family encompasses thromboxanes, prostacyclins, leukotrienes, hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs), epoxyeicosatrienic acids (EETs), lipoxins, and isoprostanes, the last of which can be generated by nonenzymatic oxidative mechanisms and may serve as markers of oxidative stress in humans. (jci.org)

In addition, pilot studies of human BE-, dysplasia- and EAC tissue samples confirmed that BE epithelial cells with or without dysplasia (LGD) had shorter telomeres compared to gastric cardia tissue. (oncotarget.com)
In gastric carcinoma cells, EBV is not integrated into the host genome but maintained as a type of plasmid called an episome. (spandidos-publications.com)
The uniformity of the numbers of terminal repeats (TRs) among EBV positive carcinoma cells reflects the clonal origin of a tumor and suggests that EBV is a causative virus for gastric carcinoma ( 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
In addition to accumulating more case series of EBV-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC), the development of comprehensive molecular analyses has provided evidence that EBVaGC is a distinct subset both in terms of its clinicopathological and molecular features. (spandidos-publications.com)

Acheson DWK, Moore R, De Breucker S, Lincicome L, Jacewicz M, Skutelsky E, Keusch GT: Translocation of Shiga toxin across polarized intestinal from cells in tissue culture. (mek-inhibitors.com)
Coombes BK, Brown NF, Kujat-Choy this website S, Vallance BA, Finlay BB: SseA is required for translocation of Salmonella pathogenicity island-2 effectors into host cells. (pcna-signal.com)

Whether patients with orofacial granulomatoses will subsequently develop intestinal manifestations of Crohn disease is uncertain, but histologic similarities between the oral lesions and the intestinal lesions are obvious. (medscape.com)

The diagnosis of ACD is based on histopathological evaluation of lung biopsy or autopsy tissue or genetic testing of FOXF1 on chromosome 16q24.1. (researchgate.net)

Instead, we used laser microdissection to excise putative progenitor cells and control cells from their in situ locations in cryosections and characterized the molecular properties of these cells. (frontiersin.org)
Our results support the use of DNA label retention to identify MaSC and also provide a molecular profile and novel candidate markers for these cells. (frontiersin.org)
Emergence of new viruses with clade 2.3.4.4 hemagglutinin (HA) that infect poultry and humans emphasizes the need for detailed characterization of molecular properties of these viruses. (cdc.gov)
Molecular cloning of a mercurial-insensitive water channel expressed in selected water-transporting tissues. (benthamscience.com)
Through gene knockout studies he has shown that these molecules act as a type of molecular "Teflon" to make cells more mobile and invasive and also facilitate chemotaxis. (ubc.ca)

Dendrite pruning requires the developmentally regulated degradation of the cell adhesion molecule Neuroglian , and loss of Rab11 causes defects in the developmental degradation of Neuroglian and another target, the ion channel Ppk26 . (sdbonline.org)

Anatomy43

Organisms21

Diseases22

Chemicals and Drugs81

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment33

Phenomena and Processes54

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Health Care3

Geographicals1

Epithelium11

Vitro13

Different epithelial cell types1

Mucosa6

Apoptosis10

Homeostasis6

Microbiota1

Inflammation13

Tumors6

Differentiation6

Transcriptome2

Vivo5

Colonic4

Mucosal2

IECs1

Phenotype3

Mice7

Expression30

Pathways3

Microbial balance1

Induce2

Microarray4

MRNA1

Proliferation10

Mammary1

Macrophages3

Genes6

Regulate4

Stem cell5

Functionally1

Pathogens2

Increased migration1

Immune5

Colorectal cancer4

Proteins6

Cancers2

Soft tissues1

Nasopharyngeal3

Specimens1

Receptors3

Squamous Cell Carc3

Colon cancer2

Cytokines3

Organoids1

Mutations5

Genome-wide2

Transcriptional3

Susceptibility1

Regulates1

Liver2

Inflammatory bowel d1

Epigenetic1

Peripheral2

Tumor tissue1

Cancer18

Responses2

Ablation2

Lineages1

Innate5

Oxidative stress1

Gastric4

Translocation2

Subsequently1

Genetic1

Molecular5

Adhesion1