Competitive AntagonistsRocuroniumIndicationsAnestheticNeuromuscular BlockadePharmacologyNMBABlockersNicotinic receptorHematologicSensitivityAnesthesiaSugammadexPostoperativeSuccinylcholinePharmacodynamicsDosesNeostigmineIntubationInhalationRespiratoryDiureticInduction agentUsually administeredEffectsMusclePatientsPatient'sOccursClassBACKGROUNDAcetylcholineRiskVolumeInjectionChoiceFunction
Competitive Antagonists1
- Nondepolarizing NMBAs are competitive antagonists which means they bind to the ACh receptor and prevent ACh from binding. (openanesthesia.org)
Rocuronium1
- Therefore, this study investigates the neuromuscular response of two infusion rates of rocuronium, a commonly used non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent. (au.dk)
Indications1
- Indications Treatment of epilepsy (partial seizures with complex symptoms, generalized tonic-clonic seizures [grand mal], mixed seizure patterns or other partial or generalized seizures), in patients refractory to or intolerant of other agents. (medicscientist.com)
Anesthetic6
- Desflurane, USP, Liquid for Inhalation should not be used as the sole agent for anesthetic induction in patients with coronary artery disease or where increases in heart rate or blood pressure are undesirable. (nih.gov)
- A trigger-free anesthetic (ie, one free of volatile agents and succinylcholine ) may be preferable for DMD patients, in that these patients may be at increased risk for the development of malignant hyperthermia . (medscape.com)
- There are also possible risks with using anesthetic agents and particularly neuromuscular blockers. (psychiatrist.com)
- A blocking of nerve conduction to a specific area by an injection of an anesthetic agent. (lookformedical.com)
- The specific actions and uses of drugs related to perianesthesia care are discussed in the physiology chapters within Section II, as are the concepts of anesthetic agents presented in Section III chapters. (nursekey.com)
- As with other rapidly acting intravenous anesthetic agents, the half-time of the blood-brain equilibration is approximately 1 minute to 3 minutes, accounting for the rate of induction of anesthesia. (guidelinecentral.com)
Neuromuscular Blockade8
- BACKGROUND: Sugammadex is a reversal agent for non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers and widely used worldwide on account of its rapid and effective reversal from neuromuscular blockade, despite its advantages, multiple cases. (koreamed.org)
- Despite developments such as reduction of the duration of action of neuromuscular blockers and the use of neuromuscular reversal agents, postoperative complications and mortality due to residual neuromuscular blockade remain a problem [ 4 - 6 ]. (anesth-pain-med.org)
- The development of neuromuscular blockers and reversal agents resulted in that of neuromuscular monitoring methods for the residual neuromuscular blockade. (anesth-pain-med.org)
- In the control group, administration of the reversal agent, neostigmine, and tracheal extubation was based on qualitative monitoring of neuromuscular blockade, whereas in the intervention group it was based on quantitative measurements via acceleromyography. (bariatrictimes.com)
- Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockade agents were utilized to maintain a train-of-four count of 1 to 2 twitches throughout the surgery. (anesthesiaejournal.com)
- At the conclusion of the operation the patient's neuromuscular blockade was assessed via train-of-four at the corrugator supercilii and the patient was given neuromuscular blockade reversal agents. (anesthesiaejournal.com)
- Dosing and timing of neuromuscular blockade reversal agents is especially prudent to assure adequate patient recovery and safety postoperatively. (anesthesiaejournal.com)
- Current attitudes related to the use of reversal agents after pharmacologic neuromuscular blockade. (anesthesiaejournal.com)
Pharmacology1
- The pharmacology of new short-acting nondepolarizing ester neuromuscular blocking agents: clinical implications. (cornell.edu)
NMBA2
- The nondepolarizing NMBA acts as a competitive inhibitor of ACh leading to decreased effect of ACh in the NMJ. (openanesthesia.org)
- Intubation-related shock index, number of intubation attempts, pre-ETI vasopressor use, and neuromuscular blocking agent (NMBA) use, especially succinylcholine, were independently associated with PICA. (accjournal.org)
Blockers1
- Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers are used in combination with a sedative as part of the rapid-sequence intubation process. (medscape.com)
Nicotinic receptor1
- Neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) work at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) to inhibit the nicotinic receptor. (openanesthesia.org)
Hematologic1
- Because of procainamide's arrhythmogenic potential, lack of evidence for improved survival for class I antiarrhythmic agents, and risk of serious, potentially fatal adverse hematologic effects (see Boxed Warning), particularly leukopenia or agranulocytosis, use for less severe arrhythmias not recommended. (drugs.com)
Sensitivity1
- Upregulation of ACh Receptor sites results in increased sensitivity to depolarizing NMBAs and resistance to nondepolarizing NMBAs. (openanesthesia.org)
Anesthesia8
- BACKGROUND: Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs (NNMBDs) are commonly used as an adjunct to general anesthesia. (anesthesiaexperts.com)
- for maintenance of anesthesia in pediatric patients following induction with agents other than Desflurane, USP, Liquid for Inhalation and intubation. (nih.gov)
- Patients with a history of moderate to severe hepatic dysfunction following anesthesia with halogenated agents and not otherwise explained. (nih.gov)
- Sevoflurane should not be used in patients with known or suspected hypersensitivity to sevoflurane or to other halogenated anaesthetics (e. g. history of liver function disorder, fever or leucocytosis of unknown cause after anesthesia with one of these agents). (medicines.org.uk)
- If possible, avoidance of nondepolarizing agents during general anesthesia is beneficial. (medscape.com)
- Inhalation anesthetics have advantages over intravenous agents in that the depth of anesthesia can be changed rapidly by altering the inhaled concentration. (lookformedical.com)
- Comparative clinical studies have shown that the hemodynamic effects of DIPRIVAN during induction of anesthesia are generally more pronounced than with other intravenous (IV) induction agents. (guidelinecentral.com)
- While usually administered with inhalational agents, general anesthesia can be achieved with intravenous agents, such as propofol . (wikidoc.org)
Sugammadex3
- If such agents are necessary, reversal with sugammadex sodium may make postoperative ventilator support less likely to be required. (medscape.com)
- If nondepolarizing agents are necessary, reversal with sugammadex may make postoperative ventilation less likely to be needed. (medscape.com)
- After 317 of the 362 patients were enrolled, sugammadex was added as a reversal agent at the study facility. (bariatrictimes.com)
Postoperative2
- If possible, avoidance of neuromuscular blocking agents is recommended to reduce the patient's risk of requiring postoperative ventilator support. (medscape.com)
- The CS is more resistant to the effect of neuromuscular blocking agents, requires higher concentrations/doses, and leaves patients with a considerably high degree of postoperative residual neuromuscular block. (bariatrictimes.com)
Succinylcholine2
- They may be resistant to the effects of succinylcholine and sensitive to the effects of nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents. (medscape.com)
- Historically, succinylcholine has been the agent of choice due to its fast onset and short duration of action, but it has numerous adverse effects such as increased intracranial pressure and hyperkalemia. (bvsalud.org)
Pharmacodynamics1
- Despite the extensive administration, the pharmacodynamics of neuromuscular blocking agents are not thoroughly studied in pigs. (au.dk)
Doses1
- Neonates and infants require smaller doses of nondepolarizing NMBAs and less frequent redosing. (openanesthesia.org)
Neostigmine1
- Administration of anticholinesterase agents (neostigmine, pyridostigmine) may be used to antagonize the action of atracurium once the patient has demonstrated some spontaneous recovery from neuromuscular block. (unboundmedicine.com)
Intubation3
- Like methohexital, it is most commonly used as an induction agent for intubation. (medscape.com)
- RSI is the nearly simultaneous administration of both a neuromuscular blocking agent and a potent sedative agent to facilitate intubation. (elitelearning.com)
- Risk factors of peri-intubation cardiac arrest (PICA) for inpatients were intubation-related shock index, number of intubation attempts, pre-endotracheal tube intubation vasopressor use, and neuromuscular blocking agent use. (accjournal.org)
Inhalation1
- A short acting barbiturate or other intravenous induction agent may be administered followed by inhalation of sevoflurane. (medicines.org.uk)
Respiratory2
- however, there are certain shared considerations, most notably the concern regarding perioperative respiratory complications associated with the administration of neuromuscular blocking agents. (medscape.com)
- Assess respiratory status continuously throughout therapy with neuromuscular blocking agents. (unboundmedicine.com)
Diuretic2
- Diuretic agents reduce the renal clearance of lithium and add a high risk of lithium toxicity. (pediatriconcall.com)
- ALDACTAZIDE is a combination of two diuretic agents with different but complementary mechanisms and sites of action, thereby providing additive diuretic and antihypertensive effects. (nih.gov)
Induction agent1
- Its most useful feature as an induction agent is that it produces deep sedation while causing minimal cardiovascular effects. (medscape.com)
Usually administered1
- Atropine is usually administered prior to or concurrently with anticholinesterase agents to counteract the muscarinic effects. (unboundmedicine.com)
Effects4
- because of higher risk of toxicity and proarrhythmic effects, antiarrhythmic agents generally reserved for patients who do not respond to or cannot be treated with AV nodal blocking agents (β-adrenergic blocking agents, verapamil, diltiazem). (drugs.com)
- Patients with LEMS are unpredictably sensitive to the effects of both depolarizing and nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents. (medscape.com)
- Indirect toxic effects may result from the agent creating an electrolyte imbalance or inducing an immunological reaction. (mhmedical.com)
- Clinical factors such as site and severity of infection, suspected or confirmed infectious agent, underlying disease and concomitant therapies 7 , and the fact that the drug has a narrow therapeutic range all increase the risk of side effects, such as nephritic syndrome and ototoxicity, skin reactions (e.g., erythema), and flushing histamine-like and other anaphylactic reactions, when anaesthetics are given. (bvsalud.org)
Muscle1
- Skeletal Muscle Relaxants, Nondepolarizing (e.g. (pediatriconcall.com)
Patients1
- Because caregivers are using a neuromuscular blocking agent, the patients can't fight because they are paralyzed. (elitelearning.com)
Patient's1
- Consideration must also be given to a patient's existing medications including herbal agents and other over-the-counter preparations. (nursekey.com)
Occurs1
- Fade occurs with tetanic stimulation in the presence of nondepolarizing NMBAs. (openanesthesia.org)
Class1
- Antiarrhythmic agent (class 1a). (drugs.com)
BACKGROUND1
- BACKGROUND: Neuromuscular blocking agents are frequently administered to pigs used for research. (au.dk)
Acetylcholine1
- Neuromuscular blocking drugs act on acetylcholine receptors and fall into two distinct groups: nondepolarizing (competitive) and depolarizing blocking agents. (britannica.com)
Risk1
- Among the four independent risk factors for PICA, preintubation hemodynamic stabilization and avoidance of neuromuscular blocking agent were modifiable to decrease the risk of PICA. (accjournal.org)
Volume1
- Example of a poorly lipid soluble agent with a V d about equal to extracellular fluid volume: nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs. (pharmacology2000.com)
Injection1
- US-labelled Pancuronium Bromide Injection, USP DOES NOT HAVE a distinctive red ferrule (metal seal on vial) with white lettering: "WARNING: PARALYZING AGENT" OR "PARALYZING AGENT" (see Appendix A). (canada.ca)
Choice1
- Therefore, the choice of neuromuscular blocking agents should be seriously considered, and these agents should be used only when absolutely necessary. (medscape.com)
Function1
- Apart from histamine, agents known to function as local hormones are prostanoids. (britannica.com)