Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalAspirinInflammationSteroidsSpirostansPlatelet Aggregation InhibitorsSaponinsGlycosidesAnti-Inflammatory AgentsDiosgeninTomatineLiliaceaeSolanaceous AlkaloidsChlormadinone AcetatePlant ExtractsCells, CulturedCyclooxygenase InhibitorsMolecular StructureTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaPregnanesDose-Response Relationship, DrugLipopolysaccharidesCynanchumAndrostanesMice, Inbred C57BLEstrogen AntagonistsRhizomeInflammation MediatorsTiclopidineThromboxane B2Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyDracaenaSmilaxCytokinesBuxaceaeSemecarpusSolanumDioscoreaAlliumEdemaAromatase InhibitorsColitisPlatelet AggregationWithanolidesRNA, MessengerCyclooxygenase 2Interleukin-1betaTestolactoneSalicylatesHolarrhenaTime FactorsEstradiolAnemarrhenaPregnadienesHydroxysteroidsStereoisomerismProstaglandin-Endoperoxide SynthasesCyclooxygenase 2 InhibitorsCarrageenanNeutrophilsDisease Models, AnimalPlatelet Function TestsMacrophagesBlood PlateletsDinoprostoneMolecular ConformationAsparagus PlantSignal TransductionCyclooxygenase 1Spectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom BombardmentNF-kappa BSolanum nigrumMice, KnockoutAlveolectomyInflammatory Bowel DiseasesGene Expression RegulationMonocytesInterleukin-6Intestinal MucosaSilver NitrateFlow CytometryDrug Therapy, CombinationTreatment OutcomeInterleukin-1AndrostenesWithaniaEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayRats, Sprague-DawleyCell LineRisk FactorsLeukocytesAutoimmune DiseasesAgaveOphiopogonSodium SalicylateAntibodies, MonoclonalChloroquinolinolsTrilliumBiological MarkersGroup II Phospholipases A2