• Multienzyme polyketide synthases (PKSs) and non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) are molecular assembly lines that biosynthesize complex natural products, making them ideal for rational enzyme engineering. (lbl.gov)
  • All identified strains were screened for their plant growth promoting attributes and, for the presence of modular polyketide synthases (PKSI, PKSII and nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) gene clusters to correlate the biosynthetic genes with their functional properties. (scite.ai)
  • Antimycins are synthesised by a hybrid polyketide synthase (PKS)/non-ribosomal peptide synthase (NRPS). (wikipedia.org)
  • Most microbial BGCs that have been identified so far contain genes encoding core biosynthetic enzymes such as polyketide synthase (PKS) and nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS). (hindawi.com)
  • The Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome harbors a nonribosomal peptide synthase gene, nrp, which is part of a gene cluster proposed to be involved in the biosynthesis of isonitrile lipopeptides. (elsevierpure.com)
  • 18874) imidazoleglycerol phosphate synthase%2C cyclase subunit CP001857 CDS Arcpr_0021 19046. (go.jp)
  • Our findings strongly support the idea of the conceptualization of nucleolus-like structures in bacteria, i.e., rRNA synthesis, ribosomal protein synthesis and subunit assembly occurring in close proximity at the cell poles, facilitating the efficiency of ribosome maturation even under conditions of transient nutrient deprivation. (uni-marburg.de)
  • The peptide is too short, meaning that the large ribosome complex cannot bind to mRNA of this length as it need many different binding spots in order for the large and small subunit to come together. (stackexchange.com)
  • 0001. SCO3230 CDA peptide synthetase I 3543334:3565725 forward MW:798587 0002. (kitasato-u.ac.jp)
  • SCO3231 CDA peptide synthetase II 3565722:3576734 forward MW:394636 0003. (kitasato-u.ac.jp)
  • SCO0492 putative peptide synthetase 513989:524920 reverse MW:389791 0004. (kitasato-u.ac.jp)
  • SCO3232 CDA peptide synthetase III 3576734:3583987 forward MW:258501 0005. (kitasato-u.ac.jp)
  • We propose that acetylation modulates the activity of all the AMP-forming family of enzymes, including nonribosomal peptide synthetases, luciferase, and aryl- and aryl-CoA synthetases. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • The applicability of different enzymes such as glycosidases, glycosyltransferases, glycophosphorylases and glycosynthases have been de-scribed around the review article considering their advantages and disadvantages of these biocat-alysts in the stereoselective and regioselective synthesis of different types of glycosylated mole-cules, phenolic and aliphatic alcohols, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, glycoderivatives, glyco-peptides and glycoproteins with a clear focus on food and pharmaceutical chemistry. (preprints.org)
  • Non-ribosomal peptide synthesis: why Glutathione cannot be produced by the ribosome? (stackexchange.com)
  • 38678) Cobalamin-independent synthase MetE domain protein CP001857 CDS Arcpr_0044 complement(38683. (go.jp)
  • 55699) Ribosomal protein L15e CP001857 CDS Arcpr_0066 complement(55738. (go.jp)
  • I am writing a summary for a class in protein structure and function, and was asked to describe some different ways that peptides are synthesized (that does not involve the ribosome). (stackexchange.com)
  • Image analysis of the matched maps identified 7 proteins that were either over- or down-expressed: activated protein kinase c receptor (LACK), alpha tubulin (×2), prostaglandin f2-alpha synthase, protein disulfide isomerase, vesicular transport protein and a hypothetical protein. (who.int)
  • Biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) of vancomycin, highlighting the conveyor-belt assembly line of this non-ribosomal peptide synthase producing the important antibiotic vancomycin, produced in Amycolatopsis orientalis. (drexel.edu)
  • Linear and cyclic peptides from the entomopathogenic bacterium Xenorhabdus nematophilus. (secondarymetabolites.org)
  • includes various classes of bacteriocins ( Klaenhammer 1993 ), antimicrobial surface-active biosurfactants like lipopeptides, glycopeptides and nonribosomally synthesized cyclic peptides (Mukherjee et al. (springeropen.com)
  • It grew optimally up to 14% NaCl and produced antimicrobial peptide within 24 h of growth. (springeropen.com)
  • 2012 ). In present study we report another antimicrobial peptide and a cyclic lipopeptide produced by a halotolerant isolate of Bacillus subtilis strain SK.DU.4 isolated from a rhizosphere soil sample. (springeropen.com)
  • MALDI MS/MS analysis elucidated the lipopeptide as a cyclic lipopeptide with a β-hydroxy fatty acid linked to Ser of a peptide with seven α-amino acids (Asp-Tyr-Asn-Gln-Pro-Asn-Ser) and assigned it to iturin-like group of antimicrobial biosurfactants. (springeropen.com)
  • 2006 ). Among the antimicrobial biosurfactants, lipopeptides contain peptides with 7-10 amino acid that are cyclised via a lactone ring to a β-hydroxy fatty acid with different chain lengths. (springeropen.com)
  • Although ribosomes can't make really really small peptides because they need something to hold onto and in any case proteins start with methionine(usually), there are workarounds. (stackexchange.com)
  • Probing the flexibility of an iterative modular polyketide synthase with non-native substrates in vitro. (lbl.gov)
  • Very small peptides are more efficiently made by enzymes like this but in principle there's no reason to besides efficiency and complexity. (stackexchange.com)
  • Eukaryotic cells transcribe ribosomal RNA and largely assemble ribosomes in a structure called the nucleolus, where chromosomal regions containing rRNA operons are clustered. (uni-marburg.de)
  • While there exist a wide range of peptides that are not synthesized by ribosomes, the term nonribosomal peptide typically refers to a very specific set of these as discussed in this article. (wikimili.com)
  • 2012. "Functional characterization of four sesquiterpene synthases from Ricinus communis (Caster Bean). (lbl.gov)
  • Antimicrobial peptides characterization has received great attention in the recent past due to their applications as food preservatives without any toxic effects on host and therapeutic agents. (springeropen.com)
  • Considering the enormous diversity of Bacillus species in the soil ecosystem it is very important to isolate and preserve the strains producing these antimicrobial peptides followed by detailed characterization. (springeropen.com)
  • A bacterial strain producing two antimicrobial peptides was isolated from a rhizosphere soil sample and identified as Bacillus subtilis based on both phenotypic and 16S rRNA gene sequence phylogenetic analysis. (springeropen.com)
  • By tracking single molecules of two GTPases that play an essential role in ribosomal folding and processing in Bacillus subtilis, we show that this process takes place at sites of translation, i.e., predominantly at the cell poles. (uni-marburg.de)
  • However, production of antimicrobial peptides by Bacillus strains has been increasingly characterized in the recent past and many peptides produced by this group of bacteria found to be suitable for various applications (Abriouel et al. (springeropen.com)
  • Examples include the discovery of the cytochrome P450 responsible for oxidizing amorphadiene to artemisinic acid in Artemisia annua and terpene synthases responsible for producing a variety of terpenoids in plants and microorganisms. (lbl.gov)
  • Nonribosomal peptides ( NRP ) are a class of peptide secondary metabolites, usually produced by microorganisms like bacteria and fungi. (wikimili.com)
  • Nonribosomal peptides are also found in higher organisms, such as nudibranchs, but are thought to be made by bacteria inside these organisms. (wikimili.com)
  • Both peptides were active against Gram-positive bacteria, suggesting that they had an additive effect. (springeropen.com)
  • SCO0127 putative multi-domain beta keto-acyl synthase 112932:119654 forward MW:235996 0009. (kitasato-u.ac.jp)
  • SCO7682 putative non-ribosomal peptide synthase 8506283:8512972 forward MW:239268 0010. (kitasato-u.ac.jp)
  • SCO0126 putative multi-domain beta keto-acyl synthase 106637:112885 forward MW:214716 0012. (kitasato-u.ac.jp)
  • SCO7683 putative non-ribosomal peptide synthase 8512969:8518497 forward MW:199655 0013. (kitasato-u.ac.jp)
  • The peptide mass fingerprinting of low-molecular-weight bacteriocin exhibited significant similarity with stretches of secreted lipoprotein of Methylomicrobium album BG8 and displayed 70% sequence coverage. (springeropen.com)
  • 2014. "Enzyme analysis of the polyketide synthase leads to the discovery of a novel analog of the antibiotic a-lipomycin. (lbl.gov)
  • The MALDI-TOF analysis of HPLC purified fractions revealed that the strain SK.DU.4 secreted a bacteriocin-like peptide with molecular mass of 5323.9 Da and a surface-active lipopeptide (m/z 1056 Da). (springeropen.com)
  • Bacterial colonies on an agar surface expressing a synthase that produces a deep blue dye. (drexel.edu)
  • I am familiar with the structure and function of ATP synthase, but one small detail doesn't seem to make sense. (stackexchange.com)
  • The insulin signaling pathway begins with the binding of the peptide hormone insulin to its corresponding receptor, the insulin receptor. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Why is it that the ribosome cannot produce this peptide? (stackexchange.com)
  • Also, the "gamma" bond is very special, and the ribosome can only produce peptides with the "Standard" peptide bonds. (stackexchange.com)
  • This activity is often found as part of a larger non-ribosomal peptide synthase. (expasy.org)
  • 2011. "Structure of a three-domain sesquiterpene synthase: a prospective target for advanced biofuels production. (lbl.gov)
  • The production of ATP is subsequently inhibited, as protons are unable to flow through the ATP synthase complex in the absence of a proton gradient. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2014. "In vitro analysis of carboxyacyl substrate tolerance in the loading and first extension modules of Borrelidin polyketide synthase. (lbl.gov)
  • L'analyse d'image des cartes appariées a permis d'identifier sept protéines qui étaient soit surexprimées, soit sous-exprimées : le récepteur de la protéine kinase C activée, la tubuline alpha (×2), la prostaglandine F2-alpha synthase, la protéine disulfide isomérase, une protéine du transport vésiculaire et une protéine hypothétique. (who.int)