NoiseNoise, OccupationalElectric StimulationElectric Stimulation TherapyHearing Loss, Noise-InducedStimulation, ChemicalPhysical StimulationDeep Brain StimulationAcoustic StimulationTranscranial Magnetic StimulationSignal-To-Noise RatioAuditory ThresholdEar Protective DevicesTime FactorsPerceptual MaskingAircraftCells, CulturedArtifactsPhotic StimulationSound SpectrographyAction PotentialsCatsSignal TransductionStochastic ProcessesTranscutaneous Electric Nerve StimulationSensory ThresholdsCalciumPsychoacousticsAlgorithmsRats, Sprague-DawleySpeech PerceptionRailroadsNeuronsElectrodes, ImplantedAudiometryAuditory PerceptionModels, NeurologicalHearingMuscle ContractionKineticsEvoked PotentialsComputer SimulationCell LineAudiometry, Pure-ToneLoudness PerceptionModels, BiologicalSignal Detection, PsychologicalPhosphorylationElectrophysiologyReaction TimeDose-Response Relationship, DrugVagus NerveEnzyme ActivationSynaptic TransmissionRNA, MessengerSpeech IntelligibilityMotor VehiclesCochlear ImplantsEvoked Potentials, MotorMembrane PotentialsAnalysis of VarianceRats, WistarGuinea PigsLymphocyte ActivationNeural InhibitionAcousticsReflexAutomobilesElectromyographyTinnitusAudiometry, SpeechElectrodesCyclic AMPIsoproterenolNorepinephrineAfferent PathwaysCochleaMotor CortexGene Expression RegulationMice, Inbred C57BLEvoked Potentials, AuditoryAuditory PathwaysAtropineSympathetic Nervous SystemEvoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain StemBrainImage Processing, Computer-AssistedSubthalamic NucleusNeurons, AfferentPsychophysicsSynapsesReproducibility of ResultsRabbitsDogsBrain MappingFunctional LateralityMuscle, SkeletalSelf StimulationMotor NeuronsSound