• The protein encoded by one of these genes has been identified as part of a protein complex that participates in the Nodal signaling pathway during vertebrate development. (wikipedia.org)
  • The third paper provides an unprecedented view of the Nodal signaling pathway and its intersection with bivalent domains in both hESCs and derived endoderm. (ca.gov)
  • Our research works with the hypothesis that FGF/Activin/Nodal is really a conserved signaling pathway for maintenance of pluripotency in mammals which is exploited for developing approaches for the derivation of ESC from ungulate Flurazepam dihydrochloride embryos. (techuniq.com)
  • This association is biologically important, as E2A is critical for mesendoderm specification, gastrulation, and Nodal signal transduction in Xenopus tropicalis embryos. (ca.gov)
  • When the iv mouse mutation was cloned, it was found to encode a molecular motor protein, an axonemal dynein, and was named lrd , for left-right dynein (human homolog is DNAH11 / DNAHC11 ). (medscape.com)
  • Two of these have recently been published in Genes and Development and Developmental Biology. (ca.gov)
  • This entailed mining available transcriptomic and/or genomic sequence datasets for the presence of homologues of known TIMPs, predicting secondary structures of defined protein sequences, systematic phylogenetic analyses and assessment of differential expression of genes encoding putative TIMPs in the developmental stages of A. suum , N. americanus and Schistosoma haematobium which infect the mammalian hosts. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Next, the importance of embryonic developmental genes such as homeobox and T-box transcription factors are highlighted in conduction system development and function. (medscape.com)
  • Here, we show that in Xenopus, Fry plays a role in morphogenetic processes during gastrulation, in addition to its previously described function in the regulation of dorsal mesoderm gene expression. (nature.com)
  • Using semi-quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blots experiments, we compared changes in ETS-1 and ETS-2 expression, their protein levels, and the regulation of some of their target gene expressions at different stages of the ocular tumoral progression in the transgenic mouse model, Tyrp-1-TAg, with those in normal eyes from control mice of the same age. (molvis.org)
  • Expression of B cell-stimulatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 p40 , IL-13 and TNFα and HIV proteins p17, gp120 and nef were elevated in the Tg mice with lymphoma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • By 8-12 months of age approximately 15% of the mice with cutaneous papillomas (15/100) developed splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy and extra-nodal involvement of liver, gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system (Figure 1 C, D). H&E staining of lymphoid organs liver (Figure 1 E), lymph node (Figure 1 F) and spleen (Figure 1 H) showed all with atypical lymphomatous infiltration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cited2(-/-) mice lack expression of the Nodal target genes Pitx2c, Nodal and Ebaf in the left lateral plate mesoderm, where they are required for establishing laterality and cardiovascular development. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We propose that an abnormal Nodal-Pitx2c pathway represents a unifying mechanism for the cardiovascular malformations observed in Cited2(-/-) mice, and that such malformations may be the sole manifestation of a laterality defect. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This is the first study describing the production and distribution of ETS-1 and ETS-2 mRNAs and proteins using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry in murine ocular tissue sections of normal control eyes and tumoral eyes from mice of the same age. (molvis.org)
  • ETS-1 and ETS-2 mRNA and protein levels were much higher in the ocular tissues of Tyrp-1-TAg mice than in control ocular tissues from wild-type mice. (molvis.org)
  • Nodal signaling is essential for the specification of mesendodermal tissues and the concurrent cellular movements of gastrulation. (edu.au)
  • After gastrulation, a second wave of Nodal signaling breaks the symmetry between the left and right sides of the embryo. (edu.au)
  • Optogenetic Control of Nodal Signaling Reveals a Temporal Pattern of Nodal Signaling Regulating Cell Fate Specification during Gastrulation. (harvard.edu)
  • Sox17 and β-catenin co-occupy Wnt-responsive enhancers to govern the endoderm gene regulatory network. (xenbase.org)
  • C) Sox17 -bound genes are enriched in the endoderm . (xenbase.org)
  • The discoveries reported in these papers are highlighted below: HEB and E2A function as SMAD/FOXH1 cofactors Nodal signaling, mediated through SMAD transcription factors, is necessary for pluripotency maintenance and endoderm commitment. (ca.gov)
  • Chromatin and Transcriptional Signatures for Nodal Signaling During Endoderm Formation in hESCs The first stages of embryonic differentiation are driven by signaling pathways hardwired to induce particular fates. (ca.gov)
  • Endoderm commitment is controlled by the TGF-β superfamily member, Nodal, which utilizes the transcription factors, SMAD2/3, SMAD4 and FOXH1, to drive target gene expression. (ca.gov)
  • While the role of Nodal is well defined within the context of endoderm commitment, mechanistically it is unknown how this signal is manifested at binding regions within the genome and how this signal interacts with chromatin state to trigger downstream responses. (ca.gov)
  • To elucidate the Nodal transcriptional network that governs endoderm formation, we used ChIP-seq to identify genomic targets for SMAD2/3, SMAD3, SMAD4, FOXH1 and the active and repressive chromatin marks, H3K4me3 and H3K27me3, in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and derived endoderm. (ca.gov)
  • Nodal-related proteins are a subclass of the TGF-beta superfamily which are required in all vertebrates to induce the mesoderm and endoderm, pattern all three germ layers, and establish the left-right body axis. (uga.edu)
  • At early stages, Nodal signals produced in the YSL induce the endoderm and head mesoderm. (uga.edu)
  • Time-dependent patterning of the mesoderm and endoderm by Nodal signals in zebrafish. (uga.edu)
  • When the researchers provided the embryos with just enough GDF3 protein to develop the mesoderm and endoderm before eliminating their supply of the protein, the embryos developed abnormal Kupffer's vesicles-the cell structure that establishes the differences between the left and right sides of the body. (nih.gov)
  • TTLL3 protein is required for glycylation of tubulin and assembly of cilia. (uga.edu)
  • In most vertebrates, nodal cilia are tilted towards the posterior axis. (bmj.com)
  • 5 , 6 In concordance with the role of nodal cilia in L-R asymmetry, mutations in the motor proteins Kif3A and Kif3B, and the transcription factor Foxj1 in the mouse have demonstrated that ciliary motility is important for L-R asymmetry. (bmj.com)
  • Before I joined the team in 2015, the lab had almost finished their analysis on Cer , Nodal , Lefty and Pitx functions in amphioxus asymmetry development, and had also acquired some evidence indicating that cilia and Hedgehog (Hh) signalling probably act upstream of these genes. (biologists.com)
  • Figure A is from Hirokawa N, Tanaka Y, Okada Y. Left-right determination: involvement of molecular motor KIF3, cilia, and nodal flow. (medscape.com)
  • Mutations in ABCC6, which is located nearby, rather than mutations in this gene are associated with pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE). (wikipedia.org)
  • Although mutations affecting Nodal and Hedgehog signaling disrupt hypothalamic development, the time and site of action and the exact roles of these pathways remain very poorly understood. (silverchair.com)
  • Although ACVR1 mutations have been implicated in the pathogenesis of this currently incurable disease, the impacts of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling on more than 60% of H3K27M DIPG carrying ACVR1 wild-type remain unknown. (nature.com)
  • Human genetic studies have identified mutations in the sodium channel SCN5A gene causing tachyarrhythmia disorders, as well as progressive cardiac conduction system diseases, or overlapping syndromes. (medscape.com)
  • There are a myriad of mutations identified in genes encoding cardiac transcription factors, ion channels, gap junctions, energy metabolism regulators, lamins and other structural proteins. (medscape.com)
  • As a result of such mutations, p21-RAS becomes locked in its active conformation, leading to the constitutive activation of the protein and tumor development. (medscape.com)
  • Directs the orientation of the left-right axis by driving the left-specific gene cascade in the left lateral plate mesoderm. (xenbase.org)
  • Researchers film the two-hour heart development under a microscope and watch as it becomes asymmetric, comparing normal and mutated zebrafish embryos to tease out which genes are important and how. (princeton.edu)
  • Researchers developed zebrafish embryos lacking the gene for GDF3. (nih.gov)
  • B) qPCR measurements from three different cultures of embryos showing that ANE regulatory genes are up-regulated at the late blastula stage (24 hpf) in the absence of functional Fzl5/8 signaling. (echinobase.org)
  • The y-axis shows the fold change in gene expression in ΔFzl5/8-containing embryos relative to controls. (echinobase.org)
  • Once a break of symmetry is initiated, leftward flow induces the asymmetric distribution of Nodal ( southpaw , in zebrafish) in the lateral plate mesoderm (LPM) where Lefty and Pitx2 are subsequently expressed. (bmj.com)
  • The founding member of the nodal signaling ligand family of proteins. (harvard.edu)
  • Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteases (TIMPs) are a multifunctional family of proteins that orchestrate extracellular matrix turnover, tissue remodelling and other cellular processes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Most mammalian genes are equally expressed from the two inherited parental alleles. (harvard.edu)
  • We have discovered that an atypical T-box containing transcription factor homologous to the mammalian Max-gene associated (Mga) protein is at the center of a complex regulatory network in the YSL. (uga.edu)
  • With roughly 30,000 genes in mammalian genomes, fection with a vector encoding MyoD (Tapscott et al. (lu.se)
  • Nodal signals mediate interactions between the extra-embryonic and embryonic tissues in zebrafish. (uga.edu)
  • The best-characteristic properties of E6 and E7 proteins from HR-HPVs are their ability to mediate the degradation of p53 and pRb, respectively. (bvsalud.org)
  • These cells could be induced to differentiate Flurazepam dihydrochloride toward trophectoderm also to germ cell precursors in response to bone tissue morphogenetic proteins 4 (BMP-4). (techuniq.com)
  • Gdf3 is required for robust Nodal signaling during germ layer formation and left-right patterning. (nih.gov)
  • Targeting melanoma with front-line therapy does not abrogate Nodal-expressing tumor cells. (harvard.edu)
  • Results revealed that hypoxia exposure upregulated Nodal expression and activated Nodal signaling in melanoma cancer cell A375, contributed to maintain stemness and promotes malignancy potential, including invasion, sphere formation and dacarbazine resistance. (cusabio.com)
  • Sry-related HMG-BOX gene 10, (SOX-10), a nuclear transcription factor that participates in neural crest development and in the specification and differentiation of cells of melanocytic lineage, has been recently shown to be a sensitive marker of melanoma. (thermofisher.com)
  • The drug is indicated for the local treatment of unresectable cutaneous, subcutaneous, and nodal lesions in patients with melanoma that recurred after initial surgery. (medscape.com)
  • Nodal patterning without Lefty inhibitory feedback is functional but fragile. (harvard.edu)
  • Cited2 controls left-right patterning and heart development through a Nodal-Pitx2c pathway. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Here, based on genetic analyses in zebrafish, we identify the multidomain protein Brpf1 as a novel TrxG member with a central role during development. (silverchair.com)
  • In this editorial, we discuss the morphological changes and the evolution of gene expression, including genetic and epigenetic changes in the EMT and microenvironment, during the transition from DCIS to IDC. (cancerbiomed.org)
  • Targeted Gene Sanger Sequencing Should Remain the First-Tier Genetic Test for Children Suspected to Have the Five Common X-Linked Inborn Errors of Immunity. (cdc.gov)
  • Genetic counselors' experience with reimbursement and patient out-of-pocket cost for multi-cancer gene panel testing for hereditary cancer syndromes. (cdc.gov)
  • Taken together, E proteins are novel Nodal signaling cofactors that associate with SMAD2/3 and FOXH1 and are necessary for mesendoderm differentiation. (ca.gov)
  • The p53 Family Coordinates Wnt and Nodal Inputs in Mesendodermal Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells. (harvard.edu)
  • The RNA molecule contains the instructions to make a protein known as growth differentiation factor-3 (GDF3). (nih.gov)
  • The Trithorax group (TrxG) is composed of diverse, evolutionary conserved proteins that form chromatin-associated complexes accounting for epigenetic transcriptional memory. (silverchair.com)
  • transcriptional gene rules (1). (informationalwebs.com)
  • Nodal modulator 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NOMO1 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • K.F. Lenhart, N.G. Holtzman, J.R. Williams, R.D. Burdine (2013) "Integration of Nodal and BMP Signals in the Heart Requires FoxH1 to Create Left-Right Differences in Cell Migration Rates That Direct Cardiac Asymmetry. (princeton.edu)
  • To interrogate the pathogenic potential of the discovered variant, we used an in vivo system in which the potential of the candidate gene to induce L-R asymmetry was tested by transient suppression and CRISPR/Cas9-induced deletions. (bmj.com)
  • Figure C is from Hirokawa N, Tanaka Y, Okada Y, Takeda S. Nodal flow and the generation of left-right asymmetry. (medscape.com)
  • This Human NODAL ELISA Kit was designed for the quantitative measurement of Human NODAL protein in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates. (cusabio.com)
  • Background Laterality in the vertebrate embryo is determined by left-right asymmetric gene expression driven by the flow of extraembryonic fluid across the embryonic node. (bmj.com)
  • Second, amphioxus has orthologues (but fewer family members) of most, if not all, genes involved in vertebrate L-R development. (biologists.com)
  • Jul 2009;1(1):a000802 and is reprinted with permission of Cold Spring Harbor Press](B) lrd (left-right dynein), the protein (green) mutated by the iv mutation, is also known as DNAH11, DNAHC11, and DLP11. (medscape.com)
  • Lineage specification is governed by gene regulatory networks (GRNs) that integrate the activity of signaling effectors and transcription factors (TFs) on enhancers. (xenbase.org)
  • Forced TBX3 expression in ESCs promotes mesendoderm specification by directly activating key lineage specification factors and indirectly by enhancing paracrine Nodal/Smad2 signaling. (nih.gov)
  • This chromatin signature which consists of Smad transcription factors and both histone repressive and active marks is the most conducive for mediating downstream targets of Nodal, providing inroads into how signaling pathways and chromatin cooperate during fate specification in hESCs. (ca.gov)
  • Unexpectedly, we show here that cell-autonomous reception of Nodal signals is neither required for the migration of hypothalamic precursors within the neural plate, nor for further development of the anterior-dorsal hypothalamus. (silverchair.com)
  • In contrast, our results indicate that cells respond to the total cumulative dose to which they are exposed, as a function of their distance from the source of Nodal signals and the duration of their exposure. (uga.edu)
  • We are currently exploring the molecular mechanism by which cells record how long they are exposed to Nodal signals. (uga.edu)
  • Her-2/ neu gene amplification is primarily detected by in situ hybridization and uses fluorescence (FISH) to detect the signals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Lymph accumulates in the tiny spaces between tissue cells and contains proteins, fats, and certain white blood cells known as lymphocytes. (rarediseases.org)
  • The prevailing view is that these proteins act as morphogens, forming a concentration gradient within the surrounding tissue and specifying cell fates in a dosage dependent manner. (uga.edu)
  • The primary antibody is intended for laboratory professional use in the detection of the corresponding protein in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue stained in manual qualitative immunohistochemistry (IHC) testing. (thermofisher.com)
  • Laser capture micro-dissected tissue from pure DCIS and pure IDC has defined key gene expression profiles in the epithelial or stromal compartments associated with disease progression 5 . (cancerbiomed.org)
  • It had also been recommended by the FDA's Oncologic Drugs Advisory Committee and the Cellular, Tissue, and Gene Therapies Advisory Committee last April, by a vote of 22 to 1. (medscape.com)
  • These proteins play a master role in diverse physiological processes and diseases such as the homeostatic tissue remodeling and cancer 17 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Archival tumour tissue from primary tumours and metastasis from patients included in clinical trials is characterised on protein and genomic level and the results linked to clinical outcome. (lu.se)
  • Besides their distinct roles in the regionalization of the diencephalon, we reveal cooperation between Nodal and Hedgehog pathways in the maintenance of the anterior-dorsal hypothalamus. (silverchair.com)
  • Nodal Pathologic Complete Response Rates in Luminal Breast Cancer Vary by Genomic Risk. (cdc.gov)
  • Bone morphogenetic protein ( BMP ) signaling patterns tissues along the dorsal-ventral axis and simultaneously directs the cell movements of convergence and extension. (edu.au)
  • The Codon 72 TP53 Polymorphism Contributes to TSC Tumorigenesis through the Notch-Nodal Axis. (harvard.edu)
  • The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself. (cusabio.com)
  • Protein expression is influenced by many factors that may vary between experiments or laboratories. (genscript.com)
  • G-/GMCSF activates the JAK family of receptor tyrosine kinases, which unfolds its activity by not only regulating enzymes and target proteins within its local milieu, but importantly also by activating the STAT family of transcription factors, which subsequently dimerize and translocate to the cell nucleus to regulate gene expression[ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Increased expression of HIV proteins and the B-cell stimulatory factors is consistent with the interpretation that one or more of these factors play a role in lymphoma development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In reality, gene somatic cells to a pluripotent cell state by a handful of transcrip- expression is graded, making the potential gene expression tion factors (Takahashi and Yamanaka, 2006). (lu.se)
  • These viral proteins also interact with other several cellular factors and lead to revoke normal cell cycle checkpoint stand cell death mechanisms 13 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Prediction of lymph node metastasis in breast cancer by gene expression and clinicopathological models: Development and validation within a population based cohort. (lu.se)
  • Retroperitoneal nodal metastasis in primary and recurrent granulosa cell tumors of the ovary. (cancercentrum.se)
  • GAS5 maintains NODAL signalling by protecting NODAL expression from miRNA-mediated degradation. (cusabio.com)
  • Activin/Nodal signaling is necessary for maintaining pluripotency and self-renewal of mouse epiblast stem cells and individual embryonic stem cells (hESC). (techuniq.com)
  • On the other Flurazepam dihydrochloride hand cells grown using the Alk-5 inhibitor SB431542 which blocks Activin/Nodal pathway differentiated easily toward the neural lineage. (techuniq.com)
  • To conclude our research shows that pig epiblasts exhibit the primary pluripotency genes which the capability for preserving self-renewal in pEpiSC depends upon Activin/Nodal signaling. (techuniq.com)
  • This scholarly study provides further evidence that maintenance of pluripotency via Activin/Nodal signal is conserved in mammals. (techuniq.com)
  • Chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) is emerging as a practical, cost-effective, and valid alternative to fluorescent in situ hybridization in testing for gene alteration, especially in centers primarily working with immunohistochemistry (IHC). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The gene encoding NOMO1 is one of three highly similar genes in a region of duplicat. (scientificlabs.co.uk)
  • The research identified important genes necessary to break the heart's symmetry and suggests how combinations, rather than single genes, may lead to congenital heart defects. (princeton.edu)
  • In the "nodal stress" hypothesis, small regions within the brain that serve as hubs to carry heavy signaling traffic would undergo wear and tear that gives rise to or worsens disease. (ucsf.edu)
  • JMJD3, a histone demethylase, is simultaneously recruited to the promoters of the endodermal gene GSC and EOMES, suggesting a conservation of mechanism at multiple promoters genome-wide. (ca.gov)
  • 10,200 protein-encoding genes were predicted based on the genome sequence. (springeropen.com)
  • The genes and proteins were predicted and annotated based on the genome sequence. (springeropen.com)
  • In order to clarify the biological and pharmacological mechanisms of O. sinensis , we carried out the genome sequencing of H. sinensis, anamorph of O. sinensis , for the first time, described the annotation and gene expression, and analyzed the complete sequencing data (Li et al. (springeropen.com)
  • explosion further, consider that a fictitious small genome with 2002) More recently and more dramatically, the potential for 260 genes would host the same number of combinations as cell state conversions is exemplified by the reprogramming of the number of atoms in the visible universe! (lu.se)
  • In the "shared vulnerability" mechanism, specific genes or proteins common to neurons in a network would make them more susceptible to disease. (ucsf.edu)
  • Zebrafish Mga is a large (~2700 amino acids) protein, with a T-box domain located at the N-terminus and a basic helix-loop-helix domain at the C-terminus. (uga.edu)
  • A) Bayesian tree made by using a strict molecular clock and the concatenated mitochondrial 12S rRNA and 4 protein-coding mitochondrial DNA gene sequences. (cdc.gov)
  • The following Ncan gene cDNA ORF clone sequences were retrieved from the NCBI Reference Sequence Database (RefSeq). (genscript.com)
  • These sequences represent the protein coding region of the Ncan cDNA ORF which is encoded by the open reading frame (ORF) sequence. (genscript.com)
  • A total of 15 protein sequences with high homology to known eukaryotic TIMPs were predicted from the complement of sequence data available for parasitic helminths and subjected to in-depth bioinformatic analyses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These three genes encode closely related proteins that may have the same function. (wikipedia.org)
  • The evolutionary origin of nodal-related genes in teleosts. (uga.edu)
  • Several different topics were studied during these years, varying from geography and phylogenetic relationships of reptiles, isolation of genes encoding snake venom, and human population genetics. (biologists.com)
  • She recently showed that of the two populations of cells that first come together to make the initial heart tube, the population exposed to the Nodal protein moves much faster than the other. (princeton.edu)
  • In sentinel node, SOX-10 is positive in metastatic melanomas and nodal capsular nevus but not in dendritic cells, which usually express S100 protein. (thermofisher.com)
  • DNA contains the information for making proteins used by cells. (nih.gov)
  • Similarly, GATA-1 has been shown to induce lineage switching expression values even if, for simplicity, we assume only ``on'' of committed cells in hematopoiesis, first in cell lines (Kulessa and ``off'' states for each gene. (lu.se)
  • [ 3 ] Nodal cells have less well-organized actin and myosin filaments and a poorly developed sarcoplasmic reticulum. (medscape.com)
  • In contrast to nonpacemaker cells, SA and AV nodal cells predominantly use calcium channels for the initial upstroke in phase 0 (Fig. 1) and lack sodium ion channels for the rapid initial upstroke in phase 1 of their action potentials. (medscape.com)
  • The Reed Sterberg cells also have with a specific protein called CD15 or CD30 on them. (lymphoma.org.au)
  • miRNAs are nodal regulators of gene appearance and deregulation of miRNAs is causally connected with different illnesses, including tumor. (informationalwebs.com)
  • Rebecca Burdine, an associate professor of molecular biology, has been working to understand how a crucial protein called Nodal helps break the body's initial symmetry, guiding the asymmetrical development and positioning of the organs, including the heart. (princeton.edu)
  • A wealth of papers have been written on how this RNA is localized and regulated, but it was never clear what its protein actually does in the developing embryo, said the study's senior author Rebecca Burdine, Ph.D., associate professor of molecular biology at Princeton University. (nih.gov)
  • The most significant alterations in gene expression are observed in the epithelial compartment. (cancerbiomed.org)
  • In particular, genes associated with the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and myoepithelial cell-specific genes are enriched in invasive cancer compared with pure DCIS 6 , 7 . (cancerbiomed.org)
  • Tumor Her2/ neu is generally assessed as protein overexpression by using immunohistochemistry (IHC), and patients with tumors that either have 2+ or 3+ results with this method become good candidates for treatment with trastuzumab. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A subset of patients with tumors having 2+ IHC results were found to show no response to the drug, whereas all those having gene amplification responded favorably. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Talimogene laherparepvec is a genetically modified herpes simplex virus type 1 that is designed to replicate within tumors and produce the immunostimulatory protein granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). (medscape.com)
  • CpG methylation of the FHIT, FANCF, cyclin-D2, BRCA2 and RUNX3 genes in Granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) of ovarian origin. (cancercentrum.se)
  • This recombinant protein was biotinylated in vivo by AviTag-BirA technology, which method is BriA catalyzes amide linkage between the biotin and the specific lysine of the AviTag. (cusabio.com)
  • This gene is one of three highly similar genes in a region of duplication located on the p arm of chromosome 16. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Her-2/ neu proto-oncogene, also known as c-erbB-2, is a member of the type I growth factor receptor gene family and is located in the long arm of chromosome 17 (17q12-21.32) [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)