CyclophosphamideHydrochlorideIntravenousChemotherapyChemicallyMechlorethamineChemotherapeuticVitro and in vivoMultiple myelomaOralBifunctionalHydrolysisCytotoxic drugsIntravenouslyAlkylating agentsConcentrationsPrednisoneInteractionsRegimenDosageWidelyDrugPatientsTreatmentPowderClassGroupDisappeared from plasmaPlasmaWorkWeeksCancerTypeExperience
Cyclophosphamide2
- Cyclophosphamide is chemically related to nitrogen mustards. (medscape.com)
- For tumors resistant to radiation and for those animals unable to receive radiation therapy, systemic treatment with administration of chemotherapeutic agents, including melphalan, chlorambucil, cyclophosphamide, and glucocorticoids, have been recommended and have yielded long-term survival. (merckvetmanual.com)
Hydrochloride5
- Melphalan Hydrochloride for Injection is supplied as a sterile, nonpyrogenic, white to off-white lyophilized cake or powder. (nih.gov)
- Each single-use vial contains melphalan hydrochloride equivalent to 50 mg melphalan and 20 mg povidone. (nih.gov)
- Melphalan Hydrochloride for Injection is reconstituted using the sterile diluent provided. (nih.gov)
- Melphalan Hydrochloride for Injection is administered intravenously. (nih.gov)
- We have successfully synthesized the Melphalan Methyl Ester Hydrochloride. (galchimia.com)
Intravenous4
- Controlled trials comparing intravenous (IV) to oral melphalan have shown more myelosuppression with the intravenous formulation. (nih.gov)
- Mean (±SD) peak melphalan plasma concentrations in myeloma patients given intravenous melphalan at doses of 10 or 20 mg/m 2 were 1.2 ± 0.4 and 2.8 ± 1.9 mcg/mL, respectively. (nih.gov)
- A randomized trial compared prednisone plus intravenous melphalan to prednisone plus oral melphalan in the treatment of myeloma. (nih.gov)
- Arm 2: Intravenous melphalan 16 mg/m 2 q 2 weeks x 4 (over 6 weeks) followed by the same dose every 4 weeks. (nih.gov)
Chemotherapy2
- Several in vitro studies indicate that melphalan flufenamide may be successfully combined with standard chemotherapy or targeted agents. (wikipedia.org)
- Melphalan is a chemotherapy drug belonging to the class of nitrogen mustard alkylating agents. (galchimia.com)
Chemically3
- Chemically, the drug is best described as the ethyl ester of a dipeptide consisting of melphalan and the amino acid derivative para-fluoro-L-phenylalanine. (wikipedia.org)
- Melphalan chemically alters through alkylation of the DNA nucleotide guanine, and causes linkages between strands of DNA. (galchimia.com)
- Mechanism of Action of Thiotepa Thiotepa is a cytotoxic agent of the polyfunctional type, related chemically and pharmacologically to the nitrogen mustard. (theindianpharma.com)
Mechlorethamine2
- Melphalan is an alkylating agent and a derivative of mechlorethamine that inhibits mitosis by cross-linking DNA strands. (medscape.com)
- Mechlorethamine belongs to the group of nitrogen mustard alkylating agents. (ncats.io)
Chemotherapeutic2
- Melphalan flufenamide is a peptidase enhanced cytotoxic (PEnC) with a targeted delivery within tumor cells of melphalan, a widely used classical chemotherapeutic belonging to a group of alkylating agents developed more than 50 years ago. (wikipedia.org)
- Melphalan should be administered under the supervision of a qualified physician experienced in the use of cancer chemotherapeutic agents. (nih.gov)
Vitro and in vivo2
- Compared to melphalan, melphalan flufenamide exhibits significantly higher in vitro and in vivo activity in several models of human cancer. (wikipedia.org)
- Melphalan produces chromosomal aberrations in vitro and in vivo and, therefore, should be considered potentially mutagenic in humans. (nih.gov)
Multiple myeloma6
- Melphalan flufenamide, sold under the brand names Pepaxto and Pepaxti, is an anticancer medication used to treat multiple myeloma. (wikipedia.org)
- In the United States, melphalan flufenamide is indicated in combination with dexamethasone for the treatment of adults with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma, with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma who have received at least four prior lines of therapy and whose disease is refractory to at least one proteasome inhibitor, one immunomodulatory agent, and one CD-38 directed monoclonal antibody. (wikipedia.org)
- In the European Union, melphalan flufenamide is indicated, in combination with dexamethasone, for the treatment of adults with multiple myeloma who have received at least three prior lines of therapies, whose disease is refractory to at least one proteasome inhibitor, one immunomodulatory agent, and one anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody, and who have demonstrated disease progression on or after the last therapy. (wikipedia.org)
- A preclinical study, performed at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, demonstrated that melphalan flufenamide induced apoptosis in multiple myeloma cell lines, even those resistant to conventional treatment (including melphalan). (wikipedia.org)
- Melphalan is a prescription medication used to treat multiple myeloma (a type of cancer of the bone marrow). (rxwiki.com)
- One study by Alexanian el al has shown that the use of Melphalan in combination with prednisone significantly improves the percentage of patients with multiple myeloma who achieve palliation. (zuviuslifesciences.in)
Oral2
- Arm 1: Oral melphalan 0.15 mg/kg/day x 7 followed by 0.05 mg/kg/day when WBC began to rise. (nih.gov)
- Because of the patient-to-patient variation in melphalan plasma levels following oral administration of the drug. (zuviuslifesciences.in)
Bifunctional2
- Melphalan is a bifunctional alkylating agent that is active against selected human neoplastic diseases. (nih.gov)
- Bendamustine, originally termed IMET 3393 and also known as Treakisym, Ribomustin, Levact, Treanda, or SDX-105, is a nitrogen mustard that was developed as a bifunctional molecule with alkylator and antimetabolite properties. (ashpublications.org)
Hydrolysis3
- Melphalan flufenamide is metabolized by aminopeptidase hydrolysis and by spontaneous hydrolysis on N-mustard. (wikipedia.org)
- Melphalan is eliminated from plasma primarily by chemical hydrolysis to monohydroxymelphalan and dihydroxymelphalan. (nih.gov)
- Aside from these hydrolysis products, no other melphalan metabolites have been observed in humans. (nih.gov)
Cytotoxic drugs1
- Compared with other frequently used alkylating agents, bendamustine induces higher rates of DNA double-strand breaks and is not cross-resistant with melphalan and several other cytotoxic drugs. (ashpublications.org)
Intravenously1
- Patients received melphalan flufenamide 40 mg intravenously on day 1 and dexamethasone 40 mg orally (20 mg for patients ≥75 years of age) on day 1, 8, 15 and 22 of each 28-day cycle until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. (wikipedia.org)
Alkylating agents1
- Melphalan belongs to a group of drugs called alkylating agents. (rxwiki.com)
Concentrations1
- concentrations generally exceeded those of melphalan flufenamide during ongoing infusion. (wikipedia.org)
Prednisone1
- In elderly patients or patients in whom autologous transplantation is not possible in the future, melphalan and prednisone (MP) therapy is preferred because of its ease of administration and low toxicity. (medscape.com)
Interactions1
- This is not a complete list of melphalan drug interactions. (rxwiki.com)
Regimen2
- One regimen has been to administer courses of Melphalan at 0.25 mg/kg/day ay for 4 consecutive days (or, 0.20 mg/kg/day for 5 consecutive days) for a total time of I mg/kg/course. (zuviuslifesciences.in)
- One commonly employed regimen for the treatment of ovarian carcinoma has been to administer Melphalan at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg daily for 5 days as a single course. (zuviuslifesciences.in)
Dosage1
- several investigators have recommended that the dosage of Melphalan be cautiously escalated until some rnyelosuppression is observed in order to assure that potentially therapeutic levels of the drug have been reached. (zuviuslifesciences.in)
Widely1
- This suggests that melphalan flufenamide is rapidly and widely distributed to extravasal tissues, in which melphalan is formed and thereafter redistributed to plasma. (wikipedia.org)
Drug1
- What drug is the safest nitrogen mustard (alk agent)? (freezingblue.com)
Patients2
- Although the contribution of renal elimination to melphalan clearance appears to be low, one study noted an increase in the occurrence of severe leukopenia in patients with elevated BUN after 10 weeks of therapy. (nih.gov)
- Melphalan has a significant therapeutic effect in a proportion of patients suffering from advanced breast carcinoma and may be used in the treatment of policythaemia vera. (zuviuslifesciences.in)
Treatment1
- Melphalan is indicated for the palliative treatment of multiple rnyeloma and advanced ovarian adenocarcinorna. (zuviuslifesciences.in)
Powder1
- Melphalan is a white to cream-colored powder. (zuviuslifesciences.in)
Class1
- Pyrazines are a class of heterocyclic compounds with two nitrogen atoms in a six-membered ring, which have potential medicinal applications as antimicrobial, antiparasitic, and anti-inflammatory agents. (lookformedical.com)
Group1
- During a military operation in World War II, a group of people were accidentally exposed to mustard gas and were later found to have very low white blood cell counts. (wikidoc.org)
Disappeared from plasma1
- Melphalan flufenamide rapidly disappeared from plasma after infusion, while melphalan typically peaked a few minutes after the end of infusion. (wikipedia.org)
Plasma1
Work1
- How well did Melphalan work for you? (rxwiki.com)
Weeks1
Cancer3
- Melphalan treats certain types of cancer. (rxwiki.com)
- RÉSUMÉ Afin d'atteindre les objectifs de santé fixés par le pays pour 2011-2016, une analyse qualitative de l'exposition aux facteurs de risque de cancer au Qatar a été conduite en 2013. (who.int)
- Les risques de cancer les plus élevés pour les Qatariens proviendraient de facteurs associés aux modes de vie, en particulier l'obésité, la sédentarité et le tabagisme. (who.int)
Type1
- Melphalan is an alkylating agent of the bischloroethylamine type. (nih.gov)
Experience3
- Substantial clinical experience has been accumulated about melphalan since then. (wikipedia.org)
- Melphalan flufenamide was synthesized, partly due to previous experience of an alkylating peptide cocktail named Peptichemio and its anti-tumor activity is being investigated. (wikipedia.org)
- How was your experience with Melphalan? (rxwiki.com)