Nitrogen molecules. Medical search. Frequent questions

Adamanzanes (abbreviated Adz) are compounds containing four nitrogen atoms linked by carbons (analogous to adamantane with nitrogen at the branched position). (wikipedia.org)
Here we suggest a route for synthesis of a tetragonal polymeric nitrogen, denoted t-N, via He-N compounds at high pressures. (osti.gov)
Living things incorporate inorganic carbon compounds into organic compounds through a network of processes ( the carbon cycle ) that begins with the conversion of carbon dioxide and a hydrogen source like water into simple sugars and other organic molecules by autotrophic organisms using light ( photosynthesis ) or other sources of energy. (wikipedia.org)
We need fuel for these cells to function, provided by molecules, compounds, and chemical elements, yet 99% of our body's mass consists of just six elements. (discovery.com)
Examples of inborn errors of metabolism of nitrogen containing compounds. (up.ac.za)
Galloway began his career by studying acid rain, which is caused by sulfur and nitrogen compounds that are converted into acids in the atmosphere. (voanews.com)
In photosynthesis, the CO2 molecule is initially bonded to nitrogen atoms, making reactive compounds called carbamates. (motherjones.com)
But explosives - and fertiliser - start their life as compounds made of nitrogen and elements such as oxygen and hydrogen, attached to each other by much weaker bonds. (newscientist.com)
The explosiveness of nitrogen-containing compounds is driven by the huge release of energy that occurs when the nitrogen-nitrogen triple bonds form. (newscientist.com)
There are other compounds that are explosive that don't contain nitrogen," says Poliakoff. (newscientist.com)
However, most of the compounds which have been identified with certainty in space are relatively small molecules such as hydrogen, water and carbon dioxide. (lu.se)
Finding traces of organic compounds indicates the possibility that carbon atoms could combine to form complex molecules even out in space. (lu.se)

Ammonia molecules (NH3) have hydrogen and nitrogen atoms in them. (windows2universe.org)
the first waste nitrogen molecule derives from free ammonia in the carbamyl phosphate synthetase (CPS) reaction. (medscape.com)
which processes excess nitrogen (in the form of ammonia) that is generated when protein is broken down by the body. (medlineplus.gov)
Advances in Semiconductor-Based Nanocomposite Photo(electro)catalysts for Nitrogen Reduction to Ammonia. (bvsalud.org)

About 4/5ths of Earth's atmosphere is nitrogen gas! (windows2universe.org)
About 4/5ths of the air in Earth's atmosphere is nitrogen (N2). (windows2universe.org)
Diatomic molecules of Nitrogen (78%) and Oxygen (21%) make up most of the earth's atmosphere. (scienceabc.com)
He says nitrogen-rich fertilizer can support growth of the earth's population from its current 6.5 billion people to the nine or 10 billion expected by mid-century. (voanews.com)

One single molecule is recycled 500-700 times a day. (discovery.com)
A protocol for the synthesis and characterization of diffusive motion of cyclic polymers at the single molecule level is presented. (jove.com)
The diffusive motion of individual cyclic polymer chains in a melt state is visualized using single molecule fluorescence imaging by incorporating a fluorophore unit in the cyclic chains. (jove.com)
The results demonstrate that the diffusional heterogeneity of polymers that is often hidden behind ensemble averaging can be revealed by the efficient synthesis of the cyclic polymers using the ESA-CF process and the quantitative analysis of the diffusive motion at the single molecule level using the MSD and CDF analyses. (jove.com)
In order to characterize molecular level dynamics of cyclic polymers, a synthesis method that provides high purity cyclic polymers and an experimental and analysis methods that allow for quantitative characterization of molecular motion at the single molecule level have to be developed. (jove.com)
Single Molecule Spectroscopy laboratory (SMS lab) of Ivan Scheblykin is equipped with three wide-field fluorescence microscopes (M1, M2 and M3) allowing for luminescence imaging and spectroscopy of any sample from a single molecule and single particle to solutions and thin films. (lu.se)

The atoms in a molecule are held together because they share or exchange electrons. (windows2universe.org)
The number of atoms in a molecule denotes the prefix, so a molecule containing two atoms is called diatomic. (scienceabc.com)

In colored molecule models like these, nitrogen is usually blue. (windows2universe.org)
In the colored molecule models, carbon is light gray and oxygen is red. (windows2universe.org)

Recently, significant advances have taken place in the use of SmI 2 for the synthesis of nitrogen heterocycles, enabled in large part by the unique combination of high reducing power of this reagent (E 1/2 of up to −2.8 V) with excellent chemoselectivity of the reductive umpolung cyclizations mediated by SmI 2 . (mdpi.com)
Synthesis of nitrogen-embedded corannulene analogs is a challenging task. (nature.com)
As a result, this expands the known polymeric forms of nitrogen and indicates a route to its synthesis. (osti.gov)
Low-level synthesis of certain cycle intermediates in extrahepatic tissues also makes a small contribution to waste nitrogen disposal. (medscape.com)

The urea cycle, nitrogen excretion. (up.ac.za)
The hepatic urea cycle is the major route for waste nitrogen disposal, which is chiefly generated from protein and amino acid metabolism. (medscape.com)

Common green and yellow auroras occur when the charged particles excite oxygen molecules. (space.com)

An interdisciplinary team of researchers has succeeded in depositing a highly ordered layer of nitrogen-containing organic molecules on silicon. (qsstudy.com)
One vision that is currently motivating material scientists is the combination of organic molecules (and their diverse functionalities) with the technological possibilities provided by extremely sophisticated semiconductor electronics. (qsstudy.com)
These are small reactive organic ring molecules with a wide range of structures and properties that can be tailored by various "functional" groups. (qsstudy.com)
Although rain is naturally slightly acidic because of carbon dioxide, natural emissions of sulfur and nitrogen oxides, and certain organic acids, human activities can make it much more acidic. (nasa.gov)
Nitrogen is also found in many organic molecules including DNA and amino acids. (discovery.com)

A methane molecule has carbon and hydrogen atoms in it. (windows2universe.org)
Scientists believe the tholin particles form high in the atmosphere, where ultraviolet sunlight breaks apart and ionizes nitrogen and methane molecules and allows them to react with one another to form more and more complex negatively and positively charged ions. (cosmosmagazine.com)
The multilayered blue smog is made from molecules formed when methane and nitrogen are irradiated by sunlight. (nationalgeographic.com)

By providing efficient ways to replace carbon atoms with nitrogen atoms, these techniques address a long-standing wish of pharmaceutical scientists. (scienceinformed.com)

The photoionization of several nitrogen-containing reactive intermediates relevant in combustion processes was investigated in the gas phase employing VUV synchrotron radiation. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
The iPEPICO (imaging photoelectron photoion coincidence) setups of the VUV beamlines at the Swiss Light Source and Synchrotron SOLEIL were then used to record mass-selected threshold The photoionization of several nitrogen-containing reactive intermediates relevant in combustion processes was investigated in the gas phase employing VUV synchrotron radiation. (uni-wuerzburg.de)

The intermediates were either freshly prepared and stored under cryogenic temperatures during the experiment or generated in situ by vacuum flash pyrolysis of suitable precursor molecules. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
In particular, on-surface cyclodehydrogenation of suitably designed precursor molecules on a Au(111) surface was the crucial step toward formation of the nitrogen-embedded buckybowl. (nature.com)

Reference: "Tunneling measured in a very slow ion-molecule reaction" by Robert Wild, Markus Nötzold, Malcolm Simpson, Thuy Dung Tran and Roland Wester, 1 March 2023, Nature . (scitechdaily.com)

When sunlight strikes gas molecules, such as nitrogen and oxygen, light of longer wavelengths, like red, yellow, and orange, easily passes through, while light of shorter wavelengths, such as blue and violet, is absorbed and then scattered in all directions by the gas molecules. (timeanddate.com)
Plants use the energy of sunlight to cleave the relatively stable chemical bonds between the carbon and oxygen atoms in a carbon dioxide molecule. (motherjones.com)
Nature captures sunlight via light-absorbing molecules. (lu.se)

Nitrogen heterocycles represent vital structural motifs in biologically-active natural products and pharmaceuticals. (mdpi.com)

People whose skin or clothing is contaminated with nitrogen mustard can contaminate rescuers by direct contact or through off-gassing vapor. (cdc.gov)
It is the most stable of the nitrogen mustards but decomposes at temperatures greater than 256°C. It has a much lower vapor pressure than HN-1 or HN-2 and is insoluble in water. (cdc.gov)
Exposure to nitrogen mustard vapor can cause injury to the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes at low concentrations. (cdc.gov)
Absorption may occur after skin or eye exposure to liquid or vapor nitrogen mustard and may cause systemic toxicity. (cdc.gov)
In addition, water molecules in the form of droplets, ice crystals, and vapor, and particles such as dust, pollutants, and ash can be found in the atmosphere, which is denser closer to the Earth and thins out as the altitude increases . (timeanddate.com)

There are other molecules in the atmosphere that have nitrogen atoms in them too, such as nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ). (windows2universe.org)
Nitric acid has nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen atoms in it. (windows2universe.org)
Other gases, primarily oxides of sulfur and nitrogen, are converted to strong acids (sulfuric and nitric acids). (nasa.gov)
Incubations of nitrite and nitric- oxide molecules with bacteria produced nitrogen gas that contained a nitrogen atom from both nitrite and nitric- oxide molecules. (cdc.gov)

Molecules with a defined structure can be adsorbed in large numbers on surfaces and arrange themselves into the desired structure determined by molecular properties. (qsstudy.com)
Certain carbene properties are critical to the fact that it is now possible to produce molecular single layers on silicon surfaces for the first time: N-heterocyclic carbenes, like other molecules, form extremely strong covalent bonds with silicon, allowing them to be stably bound. (qsstudy.com)
Polymeric nitrogen, stabilized by compressing pure molecular nitrogen, has yet to be recovered to ambient conditions, precluding its application as a high-energy density material. (osti.gov)
We study the influence of the molecular environment (N2) on the Cs-C2 equilibrium of tetrahydrofuran in the [email protected]2 system utilizing nitrogen matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy. (researchgate.net)
Its molecular formula is N(NO 2 ) 3 , and the molecule is similar to a propeller in shape," says Tore Brinck. (phys.org)
The earliest, widespread description of nanotechnology referred to the particular technological goal of precisely manipulating atoms and molecules for fabrication of macroscale products, also now referred to as molecular nanotechnology . (wikipedia.org)
Mass spectrometry is used to determine the molecular mass, the elemental composition, structure and sometimes amount of chemical species in a sample by ionizing the analyte molecules and observing their behavior in electric and magnetic fields. (newworldencyclopedia.org)

The ultra-small molecules with variable structure and functionality must be physically incorporated with semiconductor devices, and they must be reproducible, stable, and as simple as possible. (qsstudy.com)
The nitrogen framework persists to ambient pressure on decompression after removal of helium, forming pure polymeric nitrogen, t-N. t-N is dynamically and mechanically stable at ambient pressure with an estimated energy density of ~11.31 kJ/g, marking it out as a remarkable high-energy density material. (osti.gov)
It is the most stable of the nitrogen mustards but decomposes at temperatures greater than 256 EC. (cdc.gov)
It was while the scientists were studying the breakdown of another compound, using quantum chemistry computations, that they understood that the new molecule could be stable. (phys.org)
It remains to be seen how stable the molecule is in a solid form," says Tore Brinck. (phys.org)
The point about nitrogen-containing explosives are that they are relatively stable and so don't go off prematurely. (newscientist.com)
Studies on the metabolism of nitrous - oxide (10102439) were conducted using nitrous - oxide labeled with the stable isotope nitrogen-15. (cdc.gov)

Exposure to nitrogen mustard damages the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract and suppresses the immune system. (cdc.gov)
When inhaled, nitrogen mustard damages the respiratory tract epithelium and may cause death. (cdc.gov)

Acids form when certain atmospheric gases (primarily carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides) come in contact with water in the atmosphere or on the ground and are chemically converted to acidic substances. (nasa.gov)
Since the industrial revolution, emissions of sulfur and nitrogen oxides to the atmosphere have increased. (nasa.gov)
The different colors are the result of solar particles interacting with molecules in the atmosphere. (space.com)
The nitrogen cascades through ecosystems, accumulating in rivers, causing a buildup of ozone in the lower atmosphere, leading to acid rain and coastal dead zones, contributing to buildup of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and depleting protective ozone in stratosphere. (voanews.com)

These sources, plus the transportation sector, are the major originators of increased nitrogen oxides. (nasa.gov)
This is also clearly the largest of the nitrogen oxides. (phys.org)

Nitrogen mustards have not previously been used in warfare. (cdc.gov)
The properties of nitrogen mustards are only slightly different from those of sulfur mustards, another major class of blister agents. (cdc.gov)
However, exposure to nitrogen mustards may be more immediately toxic than exposure to sulfur mustard. (cdc.gov)
Nitrogen mustards are alkylating agents that affect DNA and other molecules in the body. (cdc.gov)
Although the nitrogen mustards cause cellular changes within minutes of contact, the onset of pain and other symptoms is delayed. (cdc.gov)
Nitrogen mustards are colorless to yellow, oily liquids with variable odors. (cdc.gov)
Nitrogen mustards are absorbed by the skin causing erythema and blisters. (cdc.gov)
Nitrogen mustards are vesicants and alkylating agents. (cdc.gov)
Nitrogen mustards were first developed in the late 1920s and early 1930s. (cdc.gov)
None of the nitrogen mustards have been used on the battlefield, and none are included in U.S. stockpiles. (cdc.gov)

By including the tunnel effect, some astrochemical syntheses of molecules in interstellar dark clouds can also be explained. (scitechdaily.com)
At the interstellar scale, the diatomic molecule of hydrogen is the most abundant in the entire universe. (scienceabc.com)

These revealed the existence of covalent bonds established between one side of the biotin molecule and the CN x -MWCNT surface through oxygen atoms, leaving accessible the exposed sulfur atoms at the other end, which further provided an excellent interaction with the Ag-NPs via S-Ag bonds. (psu.edu)

HN-3 is one of three nitrogen mustard blister agents (vesicants). (cdc.gov)

One way to make OH is to knock a hydrogen atom off of a water molecule (H 2 O). (windows2universe.org)
A molecule of carbon monoxide (CO) has one carbon atom and one oxygen atom. (windows2universe.org)
Creating new pharmaceutical drugs has always presented challenges for scientists, particularly when it comes to replacing a carbon atom with a nitrogen atom in a molecule. (scienceinformed.com)
In the realm of chemistry, altering just one atom can have a profound effect on the properties and interactions of a molecule. (scienceinformed.com)
Substituting a carbon atom with a nitrogen atom, for instance, can dramatically change how a drug molecule interacts with its target. (scienceinformed.com)
Specifically, they aimed to develop techniques for swapping a carbon atom with a nitrogen atom, a common swap in pharmaceutical chemistry. (scienceinformed.com)
One of the major hurdles in atom swapping lies in the potential for molecule shifts and unintended side-effects. (scienceinformed.com)
One approach, detailed by graduate student Jisoo Woo in a paper published in Nature, focuses on molecules that already contain a nearby nitrogen atom. (scienceinformed.com)
The other approach, presented in Science by postdoctoral researcher Tyler Pearson, targets molecules lacking a pre-existing nitrogen atom. (scienceinformed.com)
This method efficiently removes the precise carbon atom required and replaces it with a nitrogen atom. (scienceinformed.com)
It all starts with a two-atom molecule called elemental nitrogen, or N2. (voanews.com)

1996) these can be described according to the number of chains of specified length: thus, for example, [14.22]adamanzane is 1,3,6,8-tetraazatricyclo[4.4.1.13,8]dodecane, a compound which contains four one-carbon chains and two two-carbon chains linking the nitrogen atoms. (wikipedia.org)
What's The Difference Between A Molecule And A Compound? (scienceabc.com)
The graphite-like compound is made from flat layers of carbon and nitrogen atoms arranged in hexagons. (motherjones.com)
One triple bond releases much more energy when it forms than is needed to break the three single bonds that bind the nitrogen in the starting compound. (newscientist.com)

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). (mdpi.com)

The presence of an additional gas (nitrogen or argon) in the reaction medium decreases the rate of the aldehyde formation. (science24.com)
The spectra of the 1-ClM-1-FSiCP isolated in the argon and nitrogen matrices, were collected before and after the annealing process. (researchgate.net)

Because of the very low temperatures, the negatively charged deuterium ions lack the energy to react with hydrogen molecules in the conventional way. (scitechdaily.com)
This bond represents a lasting attraction between molecules, ions and atoms. (scienceabc.com)

Bond-resolved scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) unequivocally confirms the structure of the final molecule. (nature.com)

Abstract An efficient method for anchoring silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) on the surface of nitrogen-doped multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CN x -MWCNTs) is reported. (psu.edu)

The AP/SiO2 is confirmed and identified as having highly active molecule catalytic centers for ORR, due to its possessing a porous, sponge-like and uniform structure with a super-large specific surface area of 932.68 m2 g−1. (canada.ca)

With aminopyrine as a nitrogen-enriched small molecule precursor, a series of nitrogen doped carbon materials have been fabricated and explored as electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). (canada.ca)
Transport of small molecules across membranes. (lu.se)
Simple carbohydrates are composed of small molecules, generally monosaccharides or disaccharides, which increase blood glucose levels rapidly. (msdmanuals.com)

The NMB0736 gene of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B strain MC58 encodes the putative nitrogen regulatory protein, IIANtr (abbreviated to NM-IIANtr). (rcsb.org)
Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis and sfGFP (superfolder green fluorescent protein) analysis reveal that AmtR directly and negatively regulates the transcription and expression of crn A, cre T, csh A, and hyu B. A growth test shows that C. glutamicum ATCC 14067 can use creatine or creatinine as a sole nitrogen source. (frontiersin.org)

Nitrogen metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis and catabolism. (up.ac.za)

At high pressure, HeN 4 comprises a polymeric channel-like nitrogen framework filled with linearly arranged helium atoms. (osti.gov)
Samples can be studied in gas atmospheres, in vacuum and at cryogenic temperatures using a liquid nitrogen/helium micro cryostat (400 - 10K). (lu.se)

Like nitrogen, phosphorus can form a triple bond - but it does so much less readily than its smaller sibling, nitrogen. (newscientist.com)

Nitrous - oxide also appeared to be an intermediate in the reduction of nitrite to nitrogen by bacteria. (cdc.gov)
For the reduction of nitrous - oxide to nitrogen, it may be necessary for a copper containing enzyme to be present. (cdc.gov)

Often coordinated to a central ligand, the nitrogens occupy the vertices of a tetrahedron, with potentially four faces and six edges, with the carbon chains running approximately along the edges. (wikipedia.org)

It's also a plant nutrient and it sits right below nitrogen in the periodic table, so has a similar chemistry. (newscientist.com)
No evidence was obtained for of Chemistry, Lund University water molecules bound with longer residence times. (lu.se)

What's more, the molecule consists only of nitrogen and oxygen, which would make the rocket fuel environmentally friendly. (phys.org)
The crystal consists of two calixarene molecules joined together, resembling a pair of cups attached at a their open ends to leave a cavity inside. (sciencenews.org)
Similar to DNA structure, RNA consists of the same basic elements, a sugar- phosphate backbone, and four nitrogen bases. (cdc.gov)

Here are four different ways chemists use to show a molecule of nitrogen. (windows2universe.org)

The most active catalyst is a nitrogen doped carbon, which was prepared through a facile template-mediated pyrolyzing method using ferric nitrate (Fe(NO3)3·9H2O) as an activation reagent along with nanoscaled silica as a sacrificial support (hereafter referred to as AP/SiO2). (canada.ca)
In an attempt to emulate this natural process, Goettmann and colleagues Arne Thomas and Markus Antonietti developed their own nitrogen-based catalyst that can produce carbamates. (motherjones.com)

2Condensed Matter Magnetic indicate that the hydration water molecules exchange with bulk water on Resonance Group, Department the sub-nanosecond time scale at 4C. (lu.se)
Running water, i.e. hydrogen and oxygen, were already present 4.4 billion years ago together with carbon and nitrogen, providing the necessary building blocks for life. (lu.se)

of key genes for nitrogen and carbon fixation, sulfate decrease, Dovitinib novel inhibtior sulfide oxidation and fermentation. (columbiagypsy.net)

When two or more atoms come together, they form a molecule. (scienceabc.com)
The only elements that form diatomic molecules in room temperature are gases. (scienceabc.com)
He says the form of nitrogen that reacts with other elements is increasing in the environment because of nitrogen-rich fertilizers and the burning of fossil fuels. (voanews.com)
Less energy is needed to break these bonds, and once they are broken, atoms of nitrogen are free to form triple bonds with each other. (newscientist.com)
the newly formed nitrogen molecules form a gas, which can expand very quickly and form a shock wave. (newscientist.com)

In air, nitrogen exists as a molecule made of two atoms stuck together by an incredibly strong triple bond. (newscientist.com)
That strength makes nitrogen gas unreactive, as the bond is very difficult to break. (newscientist.com)
Nitrogenase is the only enzyme that can break the triple bond in nitrogen molecules, making nitrogen. (lu.se)

The ornithine aminotransferase enzyme helps convert ornithine into another molecule called pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C). (medlineplus.gov)

Lastly, RNA has a uracil nitrogen base instead of thymine allowing the base-pair complementary rule: Adenine binds to Uracil, and Cytosine binds to Guanine. (cdc.gov)

In the genus Corynebacterium , AmtR is a key component of the nitrogen regulatory system, and it belongs to the TetR family of transcription regulators. (frontiersin.org)

Cyclic polymer dynamics has been investigated using both synthetic and naturally occurring molecules by means of ensemble averaged experimental methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), light scattering, and viscosity measurements. (jove.com)

10 Furthermore, spatiotemporal heterogeneities of the motion of individual molecules caused by inherent structural heterogeneity of entangled polymers are often hidden behind the ensemble averaging in these studies. (jove.com)

Anatomy20

Organisms23

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs100

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment33

Phenomena and Processes79

Disciplines and Occupations3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture6

Information Science5

Health Care6

Compounds12

Ammonia4

Earth's4

Single molecule6

Atoms in a molecule2

Colored molecule models2

Synthesis4

Urea cycle2

Charged particles1

Organic5

Methane3

Carbon atoms1

Reactive2

Precursor molecules2

20231

Sunlight3

Heterocycles1

Vapor5

Nitric4

Molecular7

Stable7

Mustard damages2

Atmosphere4

Oxides2

Mustards10

Interstellar2

Sulfur1

Vesicants1

Atom11

Compound4

ISSN1

Argon2

Ions2

Scanning tunneling1

Abstract1

Centers1

Small3

Protein2

Amino1

Helium2

Phosphorus1

Reduction2

Chains1

Chemistry2

Consists3

Chemists1

Catalyst2

Water2

Oxidation1

Form5

Bond3

Enzyme1

Lastly1

Regulatory1

Naturally1

Structural1