Neutrophils and proinflammatory m1 macrophages. Medical search. Frequent questions

Professional phagocytes include macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells (DCs). (wikipedia.org)
Cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) was described as monocyte/ macrophage differentiation antigen on the surface of myeloid lineage, such as monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs). (studybuff.com)
CD11c is a type I transmembrane protein that is expressed on monocytes, granulocytes, a subset of B cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages and may be demonstrated on B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, marginal zone lymphomas, and hairy cell leukemia. (studybuff.com)
In our efforts to correlates the frequency of immune cells including T cells, B cells, NK cells, monocytes, neutrophils and dendritic cells and subsets of most of cell types with the birth weight and gestational age of babies. (thsti.res.in)
The lamina propria of the small intestine is the main site of the intestinal immune system, which contains a large number of macrophages, CD4 T cells, and dendritic cells. (frontiersin.org)
Of the cells shown here, dendritic cells, macrophages and mast cells are considered tissue-resident cells are typically not found in the bloodstream. (pocketdentistry.com)

In response to environmental cues they display a proinflammatory (M1) or an alternative anti-inflammatory (M2) phenotype. (hindawi.com)
However, at least two distinct macrophage populations have been identified: the classically activated M1 phenotype and the alternative activated M2 phenotype [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
In vivo , the identification of macrophage phenotype is complicated since macrophages are obviously exposed to a microenvironment that is more complex respect to cell culture conditions, and they display characteristics that do not conform to the in vitro defined phenotypic categories. (hindawi.com)
Therefore, in the last years characterization of macrophage phenotype in vivo during tissue repair has been a matter of active investigation. (hindawi.com)
The M1 phenotype macrophages are induced by interferon (IFN)-γ and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). (biomedcentral.com)
The following, all of us indicated that bone fragments marrow neutrophils, however, not thioglycollate-recruited neutrophils, straight reduce the answers of macrophages that have been previously committed to the -inflammatory phenotype. (mirnamimic.com)
Whereas the latter induce the differentiation of M1-polarized macrophages in human, bovine monocyte-derived macrophages develop a mixed M1/M2 macrophage phenotype. (np-monocyte.eu)
In recent decades, it has been demonstrated that monocytes and macrophages can establish innate immune memory (also termed trained immunity) via endogenous and exogenous atherogenic stimuli and exhibit a long-lasting proinflammatory phenotype. (biomed.news)
One such factor, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), suppresses inflammatory cytokine expression and mediates macrophage polarization to anti-inflammatory phenotype during muscle injury. (edu.hk)
MGF overexpression delayed the resolution of macrophages, particularly the pro-inflammatory phenotype. (edu.hk)

Macrophage activation has been described as a dynamic process: the same cell may initially induce proinflammatory and cytotoxic reactions and later may take part in the resolution of inflammation and wound healing [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
Polarization of the macrophages regulates the production of proinflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators (LMs) to mediate acute inflammation and its resolution in a time-dependent manner. (cdc.gov)
TREM-1 acts as an amplifier of inflammation expressed on macrophages. (biomedcentral.com)
Macrophages, the most predominant inflammatory cells in adipose tissue, play an important role in obesity-related inflammation [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In contrast to M1, M2 macrophages may play an important role in down-regulation of inflammation by releasing anti-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors such as IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β. (biomedcentral.com)
Receptor tyrosine kinase Mer (MERTK) helps in clearing dead neutrophils and other apoptotic cells from damaged tissue sites preventing chronic inflammation and autoimmune disorders. (wright.edu)
The expression of markers of alveolar macrophage endocytosis, alveolar macrophage activation and lung inflammation were investigated by means of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridisation in samples of formalin fixed paraffin embedded lungs from male rats. (hw.ac.uk)
Furthermore, upon inflammation, both macrophages and pDCs upregulate MHC-II expression. (studybuff.com)
In particular, we focus on the hypothesis that the macrophage is an important cell type in the propagation of inflammation and induction of insulin resistance in obesity. (jci.org)
It is key for neutrophil extravasation in vivo and, when the function of VAP-1 is inhibited, the net effect is the impairment of neutrophil migration into areas of inflammation [ 22 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, the effects of macrophages in the occurrence and development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and their role in inducing fibrosis, activating T cells, reducing colitis, and treating intestinal inflammation were also reviewed in this paper. (frontiersin.org)
Macrophages are phagocytes found in tissues and maintain tissue homeostasis, regulate inflammation, and play a significant role in host protection. (frontiersin.org)
In muscle regeneration, infiltrating myeloid cells, such as macrophages mediate muscle inflammation by releasing key soluble factors. (edu.hk)
On the 7th day after UUO, kidneys were collected for analysis of renal fibrosis (α-smooth muscle actin, phosphorylated SMAD3, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, Masson's trichrome, and Sirius red staining), inflammation (macrophage infiltration, proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines), apoptosis/necrotic cell death (TUNEL and periodic acid-Schiff staining), and ACE2 activity and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. (krcp-ksn.org)

Indeed, several human diseases are characterized by attenuated repair responses and imbalances in the inflammatory response with increased number of infiltrating macrophages [ 3 - 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
They have proinflammatory functions: they produce effector molecules (reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 β , TNF α , and IL-6) and participate as inducer and effector cells in polarized Th1 responses. (hindawi.com)
Later, when neutrophils are removed from the muscle, pro-inflammatory macrophages begin to accumulate. (businessintelligence.pl)
This type of macrophage, called M1, contributes to phagocytosis of damaged tissues by secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.B. (businessintelligence.pl)
Neutrophils and M1 macrophages interact with each other to regulate the pro-inflammatory response of muscle damage. (businessintelligence.pl)
Conversely, M2 macrophages that occur later typically produce anti-inflammatory cytokines and signaling molecules involved in muscle recovery and recovery. (businessintelligence.pl)
The imbalance in obese patients due to pro-inflammatory cytokines influences the M1/M2 polarization. (biomedcentral.com)
Macrophages and neutrophils, in particular, play a central role in the inflammatory process by releasing proteins and small-molecule inflammatory mediators that control infection but can damage host tissue . (planschwitzer-naturstein.de)
How the production of inflammatory mediators generated by macrophages with different gene expression profile (M1 and M2) might activate inflammatory pathways, such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-, 12-, and 15-lipoxygenase (LOX), in human granulosa cells (hGCs) remains unclear. (biomedcentral.com)
Our data showed that M2 macrophages with anti-inflammatory characteristics were able to significantly increase the expression of COX-2 in hGCs. (biomedcentral.com)
We also demonstrated that M1 macrophages with pro-inflammatory characteristics were able to significantly increase the expression of 12-LOX in hGCs. (biomedcentral.com)
Based on the local cytokine milieu in tissue sites, macrophages may be polarized into pro-inflammatory M1 or anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes. (wright.edu)
In lean adipose tissue, IL-4 secreted by eosinophils and Th2 cells activates M2 type macrophages, which express arginase and anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10. (molcells.org)
Neutrophils, which are early responders to inflammatory responses, infiltrate the adipose tissue where they secrete elastase and also stimulate M1 type macrophage infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. (molcells.org)
Messenger RNA levels of pro-inflammatory genes (such as E selectin) were found to be increased 2.2 to 4.4-fold in samples of lungs that contained alveolar macrophage accumulations but only when neutrophils and lymphocytes were visible amongst the accumulated macrophages in histological lung sections. (hw.ac.uk)
The inflammatory monocyte subset are Ly6C(hi), neutrophils and eosinophils are Ly6C(int), and the 'patrolling' monocyte subset is Ly6C(lo). (studybuff.com)
Macrophage subpopulations displaying antagonistic phenotypes are generally regarded as proinflammatory M1, implicated within antipathogen and antitumoral pursuits, or as anti-inflammatory M2, connected with muscle repair. (mirnamimic.com)
Cocultures associated with -inflammatory macrophages together with bone tissue marrow CD11b+Ly6Ghi granulocytes led to lowered discharge of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 by macrophages right after lipopolysaccharide arousal. (mirnamimic.com)
An LPS injection resulted in accelerated mortality, elevated serum pro-inflammatory cytokines and upregulated numbers of pro-inflammatory macrophages. (oncotarget.com)
A genome-wide gene expression analysis revealed the overexpression of several pro-inflammatory genes in resting FURIN-deficient macrophages. (oncotarget.com)
In contrast to their pro-inflammatory functions in human, bovine non-classical monocytes show the lowest phagocytosis and reactive oxygen species generation capacity, an absent ability to produce the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1beta after inflammasome activation, and do not have a role in the early recruitment of neutrophils into inflamed tissues. (np-monocyte.eu)
Spleen and in vitro PnV-activated macrophages were different of M1, since they did not produce pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. (nature.com)
As the most abundant innate immune cells, monocyte-derived macrophages play a pivotal role in the inflammatory response, cholesterol metabolism, and foam cell formation. (biomed.news)
Different cell types (neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, mast cells and fibroblasts) are responsible for the reconstruction of the extracellular matrix involving growth factors and inflammatory mediators 6 . (scialert.net)
Activities such as impaired angiogenic response and microvascular complications, macrophage and neutrophil function, keratinocyte and fibroblast migration and proliferation, sustained production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reduced growth factor production has been reported in diabetic animal models 3 , 9 . (scialert.net)
In an attempt to protect SN neurons from this inflammatory response we found that VAP-1 inhibition not only reduced neutrophil infiltration in the SN and striatum, but also reduced the associated striatal microglia and astrocyte response. (biomedcentral.com)
Macrophages, which are functional plasticity cells, have the ability to phagocytize and digest foreign substances and acquire pro-(M1-like) or anti-inflammatory (M2-like) phenotypes according to their microenvironment. (frontiersin.org)
A clear understanding of the function of macrophages, as well as their role in pathogens and inflammatory response, will delineate the next steps in the treatment of intestinal inflammatory diseases. (frontiersin.org)
In this review, we discuss the origin and development of macrophages and their role in the intestinal inflammatory response or infection. (frontiersin.org)
Macrophages include M1 Macrophages that secrete proinflammatory cytokines and M2 Macrophages that produce anti-inflammatory factors. (drhansen.com)
To test this, we overexpressed MGF in CTX-injured muscles and evaluated inflammatory marker expression, macrophage populations, and muscle regeneration outcomes. (edu.hk)
Treatment with DIZE exacerbated renal fibrosis by upregulating the profibrotic TGF-β/SMAD3 pathway, proinflammatory cytokine/chemokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, IL-6, and macrophage inflammatory protein-2) levels, M2 macrophage accumulation (CD206, IL-4, IL-10, and CX3CL1), and apoptotic/necrotic cell death in the obstructed kidneys of female mice but not male mice. (krcp-ksn.org)
The elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines (e.g., interleukin [IL] 6, IL-8, macrophage inflammatory protein 1α and 1β, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, and macrophage colony-stimulating factor) and immunomodulatory cytokines (e.g. (cdc.gov)
M1, "classically activated," pro-inflammatory macrophages are stimulated by cytokines such as IFN-gamma and by various microbial components (eg, lipopolysaccharide). (msdmanuals.com)
M2 "alternatively activated" anti-inflammatory macrophages are stimulated predominantly by cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-13. (msdmanuals.com)

Macrophages participate in all the different phases of tissue repair: they can promote phagocytosis of cellular debris and apoptotic neutrophils and produce cytokines that may help orchestrate the healing response. (hindawi.com)
CD11c has been proposed to function in phagocytosis, cell migration, and cytokine production by monocytes/macrophages as well as induction of T cell proliferation by Langerhans cells. (studybuff.com)
Granulocytic and monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cellular material employed from the bone fragments marrow in order to cells along with phagocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils may attenuate macrophage microbicidal action. (mirnamimic.com)
Innate immune cells are comprised of Macrophages and Neutrophils, which initiate immediate responses to pathogen invasion through phagocytosis (virus digestion) and activation of Cytotoxic T-Cells and Natural Killer T-Cells, which kill viruses by the release of cytotoxic chemicals. (drhansen.com)

Cytoplasmic immunostaining related to the CD68 protein was increased 1.43 to 5.66-fold when the alveolar macrophage accumulations were numerous, large and associated with neutrophils and lymphocytes. (hw.ac.uk)
Messenger RNA levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase, a marker of classical (M1) activated macrophages was found to be increased 4.1-fold when neutrophils and lymphocytes were present amongst the accumulated alveolar macrophages. (hw.ac.uk)
Group of chemokines with adjacent cysteines that are chemoattractants for lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils but not neutrophils. (lookformedical.com)

Therefore CD11b+Gr-1+ cells will include monocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils. (studybuff.com)

The present study revealed that obese OA patients and Apoe −/− mice showed a more pronounced synovitis and enhanced macrophage infiltration in synovial tissue, accompanied by dominant M1 macrophage polarization. (elifesciences.org)
In this study, the authors demonstrated that patients with obese-OA and mice with ApoE deficiency showed phenotypes of synovitis and enhanced macrophage infiltration in synovial tissues. (elifesciences.org)
The infiltration of multiple types of tumor-promoting immune cells, including myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), regulatory T cells (Tregs) and other immune cells, mediates immune evasion and tumor progression [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Immunostaining revealed that infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages coincided with Mgf upregulation. (edu.hk)
Given the association of MGF and macrophages, we then studied whether MGF could affect macrophage infiltration and polarization. (edu.hk)

Classically activated M1 macrophages are induced in vitro by IFN γ , alone or in concert with microbial stimuli (e.g. (hindawi.com)

It is part of the adaptive immune system, but it links to the innate response by recruiting macrophages to phagocytose pathogens. (wikipedia.org)
macrophage , type of white blood cell that helps eliminate foreign substances by engulfing foreign materials and initiating an immune response . (planschwitzer-naturstein.de)
We therefore combined DMXAA with active immunotherapies, and evaluated anti-tumour efficacy, immune cell phenotypes (flow cytometry), and tumour microenvironment (RT-PCR).Results:In several different murine models of immunotherapy for lung cancer, DMXAA-induced macrophage activation significantly augmented the therapeutic effects of immunotherapy. (tau.ac.il)
The venom was effective at impairing tumor development in murine xenogeneic model, activating the innate immune response and increasing tumor infiltrating macrophages. (nature.com)
Trained monocytes/macrophages with innate immune memory can be persistently hyperactivated and can undergo extensive epigenetic rewiring, which contributes to the pathophysiological development of atherosclerosis via increased proinflammatory cytokine production and lipid accumulation. (biomed.news)
Here, we provide an overview of the regulation of cellular metabolic processes and epigenetic modifications of innate immune memory in monocytes/macrophages as well as the potential endogenous and exogenous stimulations involved in the progression of atherosclerosis that have been reported recently. (biomed.news)
Macrophages play a significant role in many processes, such as the human immune function, parasite infection, and tissue remodeling by secreting cytokines and producing reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates. (frontiersin.org)

The expression and activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase, an intracellular marker of M1, were increased by MWCNTs. (cdc.gov)

Indeed the visceral WAT which is more inflamed with higher accumulation of macrophages [ 7 ] has more detrimental effects than the subcutaneous WAT [ 11 ]. (springer.com)
Intra-articular injection of GAS6 restored the phagocytic capacity of macrophages, reduced the accumulation of local ACs, and decreased the levels of TUNEL and Caspase-3 positive cells, preserving cartilage thickness and preventing the progression of obesity-associated OA. (elifesciences.org)

Beyond their role in innate immunity, macrophages play increasingly defined roles in orchestrating the healing of various injured tissues. (hindawi.com)
Macrophages are essential for the efficient healing of numerous tissues. (hindawi.com)
Commensal microbiota has proinflammatory immunostimulatory effects in barrier periodontal tissues. (jci.org)
Macrophages are phagocytic cells located in tissues, organs and even circulated within our body as white blood cells. (wright.edu)
Macrophages originate from blood monocytes that leave the circulation to differentiate in different tissues. (studybuff.com)
Monocytes migrate into tissues, where over approximately 8 hours, they develop into macrophages. (msdmanuals.com)
Macrophages are phagocytic cells present in tissues throughout the body. (msdmanuals.com)

Multi-walled carbon nanotube s induce arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase expression and enhance the polarization and function of M1 macrophages in vitro. (cdc.gov)
Fibrogenic carbon nanotube s (CNTs) induce the polarization of M1 and M2 macrophages in mouse lungs. (cdc.gov)
Here we examined the molecular mechanism by which multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs, Mitsui-7) induce M1 polarization in vitro. (cdc.gov)
At infection sites, activated T cells secrete cytokines (eg, interferon-gamma [IFN-gamma]) that induce production of macrophage migration inhibitory factor, preventing macrophages from leaving. (msdmanuals.com)

The cell-free media from MWCNT-polarized macrophages induced the migration of neutrophilic cells (differentiated from HL-60), which was blocked by Acebilustat, a specific leukotriene A4 hydrolase inhibitor, or LY239111, an LTB4 receptor antagonist, but not NS-398, a cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, revealing LTB4 as a major mediator of neutrophil chemotaxis from MWCNT-polarized macrophages. (cdc.gov)
Knockdown of Alox5 using specific small hairpin-RNA suppressed MWCNT-induced M1 polarization, LTB4 secretion, and migration of neutrophils. (cdc.gov)

Taken together, these findings demonstrate the polarization of M1 macrophages by Mitsui-7 MWCNTs in vitro and that induction of Alox5 is an important mechanism by which the MWCNTs promote proinflammatory responses by boosting M1 polarization and production of proinflammatory LMs. (cdc.gov)
Classical and intermediate monocytes of both species also differ in their response toward major monocyte-attracting chemokines (CCL2 and CCL5) and neutrophil degranulation products (DGP) in vitro. (np-monocyte.eu)
The effect of venom was also evaluated on macrophages in vitro . (nature.com)
In addition, PnV activated macrophages in vitro for a different profile of M1. (nature.com)

In addition, the differentiation of monocyte subsets into functionally polarized macrophages is discussed. (np-monocyte.eu)
Such differences between homologous monocyte subsets also extend to the development of monocyte-derived macrophages under the influence of chemokines like CCL5 and neutrophil DGP. (np-monocyte.eu)

All macrophages express common markers such as CD11b (Mac1 or CR3), CD68, and CD115 (M-CSF receptor). (hindawi.com)
Messenger RNA levels of CD68, a marker of endocytosis, were increased 1.4 to 2.4-fold in lungs that contained alveolar macrophage accumulations. (hw.ac.uk)

These cells upon engulfment of Hb-activated platelets, monocytes differentiate into M1- macrophages. (thsti.res.in)

APOBEC3F apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3F: Candida albicans enhanced the production of the CCR5-interacting chemokines CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5, and stimulates the production of interferon-a and the restriction factors APOBEC3G, APOBEC3F, and tetherin (BST2) in macrophages Rodriguez et al, 2013 . (polygenicpathways.co.uk)
BST2 bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 (Tetherin): Candida albicans enhanced the production of the CCR5-interacting chemokines CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5, and stimulates the production of interferon-a and the restriction factors APOBEC3G, APOBEC3F, and tetherin (BST2) in macrophages Rodriguez et al, 2013 . (polygenicpathways.co.uk)

It is now recognized that several non-DC myeloid populations express CD11c, including alveolar macrophages and resident (Ly6C low) monocytes and that some macrophage populations express both CD11c and MHC class II [8, 9]. (studybuff.com)

Alternatively activated M2 macrophages comprise cells exposed to low concentrations of M-CSF in the presence of IL-4, IL-13, or IL-10. (hindawi.com)
In this study, we evaluated how M1 and M2 macrophages found in the ovaries affect the functions of hGCs isolated from women undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) and human ovarian granulosa COV434 cells. (biomedcentral.com)
For this purpose, a model of interaction between hGCs and COV434 cells and conditioned media (CMs) obtained from culture of M0, M1 and M2 macrophages was established. (biomedcentral.com)
Regarding COV434 cells, we found that CM from M2 macrophage resulted in an increase in COX-2, 5-LOX and 15-LOX mRNA and protein levels. (biomedcentral.com)
No expression of 12-LOX by COV434 cells was observed when exposed to CMs from M1 and M2 macrophages. (biomedcentral.com)
Modulating macrophages during immunotherapy resulted in increased numbers, activity, and antigen-specificity of intratumoural CD8 + T cells. (tau.ac.il)
CD11 is involved in numerous adhesion-related associations between cells such as monocytes, macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and granulocytes. (studybuff.com)
Proper midst lobe participation had been an independent forecaster associated with in-hospital mortality.Correct midsection lobe effort has been a completely independent forecaster regarding in-hospital fatality.Macrophages participate in essential tasks within swelling as well as protection in opposition to bad bacteria, plus in the come back to cells homeostasis. (mirnamimic.com)
GAS6 secretion is decreased during M1 macrophage polarization during obese-OA, leading to impaired macrophage efferocytosis in synovial apoptotic cells. (elifesciences.org)
Mice with a conditional deletion of FURIN in their myeloid cells (LysMCre- fur (fl/fl) ) were healthy and showed unchanged proportions of neutrophils and macrophages. (oncotarget.com)
PnV (100 µg/Kg) was administrated every 48 h (i.p.) for 14 days and several endpoints were evaluated: tumor growth and metabolism (by microPET/CT, using 18 F-FDG), tumor weight and volume, histopathology, blood analysis, percentage and profile of macrophages, neutrophils and NK cells isolated from the spleen (by flow cytometry) and the presence of macrophages (Iba-1 positive) within/surrounding the tumor. (nature.com)
The venom increased monocytes, neutrophils and NK cells, and this effect was the opposite of that observed in the animals treated with MTX. (nature.com)
The large number of macrophages in the intestinal tract, play a significant role in maintaining the homeostasis of microorganisms on the surface of the intestinal mucosa and in the continuous renewal of intestinal epithelial cells. (frontiersin.org)
On the other hand, phagosomes are formed when the pathogen is engulfed by macrophages and fuse with lysosomes to release enzymes and toxic substances, resulting in killing or having cytotoxic effects on bacteria and tumor cells. (frontiersin.org)
NOS2 is expressed by myeloid-derived suppressor cells and M1 macrophages but not alternatively activated M2 macrophages. (thermofisher.com)
This development occurs under the influence of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), which is secreted by various cell types (eg, endothelial cells, fibroblasts). (msdmanuals.com)

Whether the sequential presence of two different macrophage populations results from a dynamic shift in macrophage polarization or from the recruitment of new circulating monocytes is a subject of ongoing debate. (hindawi.com)
Consistent with M1 polarization, the MWCNTs induced the production and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-a and interleukin-1β, and proinflammatory LMs leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). (cdc.gov)
The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between TREM-1 and macrophage polarization, and association of TREM-1 and M1 macrophage polarization with insulin resistance (IR) in obese population compared to non-obese population. (biomedcentral.com)
Our data suggests that TREM-1 overexpression and M1 macrophage polarization are associated with obesity-induced IR. (biomedcentral.com)
In non-obese subjects, adipocytes release higher levels of adiponectin that improves insulin sensitivity and enhances M2 macrophage polarization [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Many Mycobacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis, can manipulate the host macrophage to prevent lysosomes from fusing with phagosomes and creating mature phagolysosomes. (wikipedia.org)
These data suggest that host macrophage activation contributes to EVD pathogenesis and that directed antiinflammatory therapies could be beneficial in the treatment of EVD. (cdc.gov)

Enhanced M1-polarized macrophages in obese synovium decreased growth arrest-specific 6 (GAS6) secretion, resulting in impaired macrophage efferocytosis in synovial ACs. (elifesciences.org)

Our results therefore implicate that Hv1 may be a promising potential therapeutic target to alleviate secondary damage following SCI caused by microglia/macrophage activation. (researchsquare.com)
Thus far microglia and macrophage activation has been well-studied in SCI, however, the underlying signaling mechanisms remain unclear. (researchsquare.com)

M1 macrophages produce nitric oxide (NO) or reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) to protect against bacteria and viruses. (studybuff.com)

Is CD11b a macrophage marker? (studybuff.com)
An evaluation of 2 cohorts of patients with EVD revealed that a marker of macrophage activation (sCD163) but not T-cell activation (sCD25) was associated with severe and fatal EVD. (cdc.gov)

A lot of evidence demonstrated that after acute injury M1 macrophages infiltrate early to promote the clearance of necrotic debris, whereas M2 macrophages appear later to sustain tissue healing. (hindawi.com)

Treatment of murine macrophages (J774A.1) with Mitsui-7 MWCNTs increased the expression of Alox5 mRNA and protein in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. (cdc.gov)
You can use an anti-F4/80 to sort murine mature macrophages, associated with anti-BM8 and anti-MOMA-2 it should sort more precisely macrophages from lymphoid tissue. (studybuff.com)

Annexin V-based flow cytometry revealed that MGF overexpression likely delays macrophage resolution by limiting macrophage apoptosis. (edu.hk)

Vitamin A promotes the development and differentiation of Monocytes and Macrophages in the lungs and the intestines. (drhansen.com)

Macrophages are one of the first barriers of host defence against pathogens. (hindawi.com)

Perturbations of macrophage function and/or activation may result in impaired regeneration and fibrosis deposition as described in several chronic pathological diseases. (hindawi.com)
Macrophage depletion reduced the effect of combining immunotherapy with macrophage activation, supporting the importance of TAMs in the combined effect.Conclusion:Modulating intratumoural macrophages dramatically augmented the effect of immunotherapy. (tau.ac.il)
Here, we investigate whether Hv1 mediates microglial/macrophage activation and aggravates secondary damage following spinal cord injury (SCI). (researchsquare.com)
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced macrophage activation is critical for the formation of atherosclerosis plaque. (biomed.news)
However, the association between SCFAs and ox-LDL-induced macrophage activation with respect to the formation of atherosclerosis plaque has not yet been elucidated. (biomed.news)
This type of hyperinflammatory state is reminiscent of 2 rheumatologic disorders known as macrophage activation syndrome and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, which are characterized by macrophage and T-cell activation. (cdc.gov)
Hypercytokinemia accompanied by severe clinical disease seen in EVD is reminiscent of what has been described for macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). (cdc.gov)

Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) are one major factor affecting tumour microenvironment. (tau.ac.il)
The present study found that synovial macrophages infiltrated and polarized in the obesity microenvironment and identified the essential role of M1 macrophages in impaired macrophage efferocytosis using pathology analysis of obesity-associated OA. (elifesciences.org)

Are neutrophils CD11b positive? (studybuff.com)

M2 macrophages are alternatively activated by exposure to certain cytokines such as IL-4, IL-10, or IL-13. (studybuff.com)

Applications Tested: This CXNFT antibody has been tested by intracellular staining followed by flow cytometric analysis of stimulated thioglycolate-elicited peritoneal macrophages using the Foxp3/Transcription Factor Staining Buffer Set (Product # 00-5523-00) and protocol. (thermofisher.com)

Moreover, FURIN inhibited Nos2 and promoted the expression of Arg1 , which implies that FURIN regulates the M1/M2-type macrophage balance. (oncotarget.com)

Alveolar macrophage accumulations in the lungs of rodents and dogs that have been exposed to inhaled new drug candidates is an important cause of attrition during preclinical drug development because it is very difficult to decide whether the accumulations are adverse or nonadverse. (hw.ac.uk)
Messenger RNA levels of resistin like molecule alpha and acidic mammalian chitinase - markers of wound healing (M2) activated macrophages - were found to be increased 3.9 to 8.2-fold and 1.8 to 2.4-fold respectively, in samples of lungs that contained alveolar macrophage accumulations. (hw.ac.uk)

In this paper, we discuss the current available information about the role that different phenotypes of macrophages plays after injury and during the remodelling phase in different tissue types, with particular attention to the skeletal muscle. (hindawi.com)

By increasing influx of neutrophils and anti-tumour (M1) macrophages to the tumour, DMXAA altered myeloid cell phenotypes, thus changing the intratumoural M2/non-M2 TAM immunoinhibitory ratio. (tau.ac.il)

M1 macrophages were identified as F4/80-positive/CD11c-positive/CD206-negative and M2 macrophages were identified as F4/80-positive/CD11c-negative/CD206-positive. (studybuff.com)

Therefore, targeting macrophage-associated efferocytosis or intra-articular injection of GAS6 is a potential therapeutic strategy for obesity-associated OA. (elifesciences.org)

Intra-articular injection of GAS6 restored the phagocytic capacity of macrophages, decreased synovial cell apoptosis, and prevented OA progression in obese-OA mice. (elifesciences.org)

Specifically, polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) have been shown to play a critical role in the exacerbation of ischemic brain injury in the acute stroke phase and in the postischemic brain remodeling and angiogenesis in the post-acute phase [ 5 , 6 ]. (explorationpub.com)

The C-C chemokine receptor types 2 and 5 (CCR2 and CCR5), and their respective ligands, C-C chemokine ligand types 2 (CCL2/MCP-1) and 5 (CCL5/RANTES) play an important role in polarizing monocytes to M1 macrophages [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Neutrophils expressing CD11c, EMR2 and CD64 as biomarkers of sepsis and non-infectious SIRS. (studybuff.com)

ALOX5 arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase: macrophages infected with Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus or Aspergillus fumigatus or treated with Curdlan, a selective agonist of pattern recognition receptor for fungi Dectin-1, displays increased expression of ALOX5, ALOX15 and PTGS2 Karnam et al, 2015 . (polygenicpathways.co.uk)

However, due to the release of proinflammatory cytokines and cytotoxic radical species, uncontrolled activity of macrophages may also be detrimental to tissue repair. (hindawi.com)

Heterogeneity and plasticity have been demonstrated to be hallmarks of macrophages. (hindawi.com)
Heterogeneity and plasticity of macrophages could explain these apparently contrasting roles in tissue healing. (hindawi.com)

Anatomy40

Organisms13

Diseases17

Chemicals and Drugs128

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment20

Phenomena and Processes40

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Dendritic6

Phenotype10

Inflammation14

Inflammatory35

Phagocytosis4

Lymphocytes3

Eosinophils1

Infiltration5

Classically activated1

Immune7

Inducible nitric oxide sy1

Accumulation2

Tissues7

Induce4

Migration2

Vitro4

Monocyte2

CD682

Monocytes differentiate1

Chemokines2

Alveolar macrophages1

Cells16

Polarization5

Host macrophage2

Secretion1

Microglia2

Nitric1

Marker2

Infiltrate1

Murine2

Overexpression1

Differentiation1

Pathogens1

Activation7

Microenvironment2

CD11b1

Alternatively1

Intracellular1

Regulates1

Lungs2

Skeletal muscle1

Myeloid1

CD2061

Obesity1

Apoptosis1

Acute1

CCL51

CD641

Alox51

Cytotoxic1

Plasticity2