AstrocytesNeuronsNeurons, AfferentMotor NeuronsGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinCells, CulturedAction PotentialsCerebral CortexNeurogliaAnimals, NewbornHippocampusBrainDopaminergic NeuronsSpinal CordGlutamic AcidNerve Tissue ProteinsPatch-Clamp TechniquesImmunohistochemistryAxonsSynapsesGABAergic NeuronsElectrophysiologySynaptic TransmissionGanglia, SpinalDendritesGliosisRats, WistarElectric StimulationRats, Sprague-Dawleygamma-Aminobutyric AcidSensory Receptor CellsMembrane PotentialsMice, Inbred C57BLOlfactory Receptor NeuronsMice, TransgenicCholinergic NeuronsModels, NeurologicalNeural InhibitionMotor Neuron DiseaseTime FactorsOligodendrogliaPyramidal CellsNeurons, EfferentCalciumMesencephalonExcitatory Postsynaptic PotentialsMicrogliaNeuropeptidesCerebellumMedulla OblongataCell CountCentral Nervous SystemDopamineInterneuronsSignal TransductionMice, KnockoutNeurogenesisNerve DegenerationGreen Fluorescent ProteinsCell DifferentiationNerve Growth FactorsNeuritesProsencephalonCatsTetrodotoxinExcitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2Calcium SignalingRNA, MessengerSerotonergic NeuronsBrain StemNeuronal PlasticityDisease Models, AnimalTyrosine 3-MonooxygenaseNerve NetCell SurvivalNeocortexCell DeathReceptors, N-Methyl-D-AspartateCoculture TechniquesAquaporin 4Corpus StriatumGene Expression RegulationBehavior, AnimalAfferent PathwaysExcitatory Amino Acid AntagonistsSubstantia NigraAnalysis of VariancePhysical StimulationGanglia, InvertebrateN-MethylaspartateThalamusCell CommunicationExcitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1Dose-Response Relationship, DrugNitrergic NeuronsAdrenergic NeuronsEvoked PotentialsGangliaNeurotransmitter AgentsNeuroprotective Agents