Neurons nervous system diseases. Medical search. Frequent questions

Neuronal hyperexcitability in Alzheimer's disease: what are the drivers behind this aberrant phenotype? (nature.com)
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder leading to loss of cognitive abilities and ultimately, death. (nature.com)
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, accounting for 60-80% of all cases [ 2 ]. (nature.com)
The majority of cases are sporadic AD or late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), where the disease is driven by a combination of genetic and other risk factors. (nature.com)
A new tau PET radiotracer, 18F-SNFT-1, has been found to be more effective than existing tau PET radiotracers in identifying Alzheimer's disease in its earliest stages, according to research published in the September issue of The Journal of Nuclear Medicine. (news-medical.net)
Scientists studying Alzheimer's disease (AD) have identified thousands of genetic variants in the genome in the development of this progressive neurodegenerative disease. (news-medical.net)
R . rosea may play a role in the amelioration of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), via its anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. (hindawi.com)
Alzheimer's disease is the common neurodegenerative disease characterized by the inflammation and neuronal loss in the specific regions of the forebrain. (hindawi.com)
Although the function of AEG‑1 has been demonstrated in neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, the underlying mechanism of neuronal AEG‑1 function remains unclear. (spandidos-publications.com)
Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1), which is also known as metadherin and lysine-rich carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 co-isolated, was first observed to be upregulated in brain astrocytes from patients with HIV-induced Alzheimer's disease ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
The grant will support drug development of AgeneBio's novel GABA A discovery program to treat mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease (MCI due to AD) and delay the onset of Alzheimer's dementia. (prnewswire.com)
These data, along with the neuropathologic findings available in one case, suggest that dementia of motor neuron disease differs from that of Alzheimer's disease (AD). (northwestern.edu)
About the same time the unit opened, her husband Steve, then 53, began showing signs of progressive dementia, later diagnosed as Alzheimer's Disease. (anh-usa.org)
They started him on Alzheimer's drugs-Aricept, Namenda, Exelon-but his disease worsened steadily. (anh-usa.org)
She discovered that with Alzheimer's disease, certain brain cells may have difficulty utilizing glucose (made from the carbohydrates we eat), the brain's principal source of energy. (anh-usa.org)
Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia, but it is not a normal part of aging. (salk.edu)

In addition, upregulation of AEG-1 expression can protect nigral dopaminergic neurons from injury caused by aberrant apoptotic signaling pathways ( 13 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Since dopaminergic neurons are polarised, ensuring correct localisation of organelles and the effective intracellular transport of neurotransmitter vesicles, loss of centrosome activity could contribute to loss of dopaminergic function and neuronal cell death in Parkinson's disease. (biorxiv.org)
In addition, we provide evidence that many cell types, including dopaminergic neurons, cannot form cilia when aggresomes are present, which would affect their ability to receive extracellular signals. (biorxiv.org)
Dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta are first affected and the characteristic early symptom of Parkinson's disease is tremor ( Alves et al, 2008 ). (biorxiv.org)
a) iPSC-derived dopaminergic neurons in development for the Parkinson's therapy and (b) undifferentiated human iPSCs that are labeled with antibodies to pluripotency biomarkers. (embs.org)
Due to mechanisms that are still insufficiently understood, the specific degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta leads to resting tremor, bradykinesia, and gait- and balance deficits. (lu.se)
Because of this local degeneration of a relatively small population of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain, PD has been considered an especially interesting candidate for cell-replacement therapy. (lu.se)
First, we utilized single cell sequencing to dissect the differentiation of stem cells to midbrain dopaminergic neurons. (lu.se)
The first part of the thesis (Paper I, II, III) shows the development and improvement of a hESC-based system of for virus-mediated direct reprogramming of human glial progenitor cells into both induced dopaminergic neurons (iDANs) and GABAergic interneurons. (lu.se)

They are sometimes considered different diseases from Multiple Sclerosis, but considered by others to form a spectrum differing only in terms of chronicity, severity, and clinical course. (wikipedia.org)
Multiple sclerosis for some people is a syndrome more than a single disease. (wikipedia.org)
See Anti-neurofascin demyelinating diseases Some anti-neurofascin demyelinating diseases were previously considered a subtype of Multiple Sclerosis but now they are considered a separate entity, as it happened before to anti-MOG and anti-AQP4 cases. (wikipedia.org)
Gliosis is a prominent feature of many diseases of the central nervous system, including multiple sclerosis and stroke . (rxlist.com)
Stem cells harvested from a person's own bone marrow or blood, can safely slow progression of the most common form of the autoimmune disease, multiple sclerosis, or MS as it's usually known, finds research published online in the Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. (news-medical.net)
Millions of people suffer from damage or disease to the nervous system that results in a loss of myelin, such as through a spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis. (karger.com)
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the central nervous system characterized by the destruction of the myelin sheath surrounding neurons, resulting in the formation of "plaques. (conservapedia.com)
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Hepatitis B vaccine does not increase the risk of developing multiple sclerosis or other demyelinating diseases. (conservapedia.com)
Multiple sclerosis ( MS ) is a potentially disabling autoimmune disease that affects the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system). (medicinenet.com)
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that causes demyelination of neurons, neurodegeneration and progressive disability. (ubc.ca)
Moreover, this is also a potential treatment for Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS or Lou Gehrig's disease), drug-resistant epilepsy, brittle type I diabetes, and type II (insulin-resistant) diabetes. (anh-usa.org)

Symptoms of PD appear when at least half of the dopamine neurons in the brain have died. (rxwiki.com)
Many of the symptoms of Parkinson's disease are brought on by loss of or damage to dopamine neurons in this region, which encompasses the striatum, the subthalamic nucleus, and the substantia nigra. (michaeljfox.org)
The use of stem cell-derived dopamine neurons or deep brain stimulation (DBS) represents two alternative approaches to treat Parkinson's Disease. (lu.se)

Further, the researchers found that MMP-9 can be detected not just in lumbar 5 neurons, but also in other types of motor neurons affected by ALS. (sciencedaily.com)
When Calarco and Norris used the fluorescent protein to target two types of motor neurons in the worms, they immediately saw a distinctive fluorescent pattern emerge, meaning the two classes of neurons were splicing mRNAs differently. (harvard.edu)

Additionally, evidence has revealed that enhancing Sirt1 activity can reduce ROS production, reduce inflammation of neurons and glial cells, so as to reduce neuronal cell death ( 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
Glial cells support and protect neurons. (sunnybrook.ca)
Schuurmans thinks that if you could give lab-grown glial cells to patients with brain or spinal cord injuries, then the cells could boost our nervous system's ability to repair itself. (sunnybrook.ca)

The nerves in the rest of your body make up your peripheral nervous system . (webmd.com)
A change in an animal's ability to sense its environment can be caused by disease in either the central nervous system or the peripheral nervous system. (merckvetmanual.com)
Many of the diseases that strike the nervous system affect neurons in the brain rather than those in the peripheral nervous system (where sensory neurons are located). (mskcc.org)
Overview of Peripheral Nervous System Disorders The peripheral nervous system refers to parts of the nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord. (msdmanuals.com)
MNDs may involve the central nervous system (CNS) as well as the peripheral nervous system. (msdmanuals.com)
ZFHX3 has known functions in neuronal development and differentiation n both the central and peripheral nervous system. (lu.se)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
Courtesy of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (medscape.com)
These injections should be administered in consultation with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (medscape.com)
The MMWR series of publications is published by the Epidemiology Program Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA 30333. (cdc.gov)

iDISCO movie of mouse brain at six months showing fluorescently labeled human cortical neurons. (mskcc.org)

As the disease progresses, other parts of the brain and nervous system are affected, with dementia occurring in later stages. (biorxiv.org)
Lewy bodies are observed in several diseases (Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, incidental Lewy Body disease ( Wakabayashi et al, 2012 )) but are not found in healthy cells and are related to the aggresome, a structure found in cells that are processing large amounts of waste, unfolded polypeptide ( Johnston et al, 1998 ). (biorxiv.org)
We describe the neuropsychological data from two cases of dementia of motor neuron disease. (northwestern.edu)
In both cases, a gradually progressive presenile dementia began prior to the development of motor neuron disease involving predominantly bulbar musculature. (northwestern.edu)
A class of drugs used to treat mild to moderate dementia in Parkinson's disease. (michaeljfox.org)

One of the most striking aspects of ALS is that some motor neurons -- specifically, those that control eye movement and eliminative and sexual functions -- remain relatively unimpaired in the disease," said study leader Christopher E. Henderson, PhD, the Gurewitsch and Vidda Foundation Professor of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, professor of pathology & cell biology and neuroscience (in neurology), and co-director of Columbia's Motor Neuron Center. (sciencedaily.com)

Researchers have identified a gene, called matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), that appears to play a major role in motor neuron degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease. (sciencedaily.com)
By contrast, in neurons, downregulation of AEG-1 expression has been shown to reduce the viability of motor neurons in models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), both in vivo and in vitro ( 12 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a progressive nervous system disease that attacks motor neurons controlling voluntary movement, leading to paralysis and muscle atrophy. (salk.edu)
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and other motor neuron diseases are characterized by steady, relentless, progressive degeneration of corticospinal tracts, anterior horn cells, bulbar motor nuclei, or a combination. (msdmanuals.com)
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common motor neuron disease (MND). (msdmanuals.com)

PD occurs when small clusters of neurons in the brain die. (rxwiki.com)
A region deep within the brain consisting of large clusters of neurons responsible for voluntary movements such as walking and movement coordination. (michaeljfox.org)

In addition to the olfactory neurons, the epithelium is composed of supporting cells, Bowman glands and ducts unique to the olfactory epithelium, and basal cells that allow for the regeneration of the epithelium, including the olfactory sensory neurons. (medscape.com)
The Studer lab had shown previously that they could use a similar method to create sensory neurons - specifically, ones that detect pain. (mskcc.org)

4 On the other hand, a large number of neurons cause irreversible degeneration and necrosis in ischemic regions, which results from ischemia/reperfusion injury. (cbinsights.com)
In addition to renal disease, cardiovascular effects, and reproductive toxicity, lead may cause irreversible neurologic damage. (cdc.gov)

Importantly, activity recordings at the level of single neurons, neuronal networks or even entire brain regions consistently show hyperexcitability in the early stages of AD (summarized in Table 1 ). (nature.com)
A team of neurobiologists led by Simon Rumpel at the Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP) in Vienna succeeded in tracking single neurons in the brain of mice over extended periods of time. (neurosciencenews.com)
What we've been able to do is visualize the alternative splicing process in these animals in single neurons," he said. (harvard.edu)

In the model organism NC cells generate an amazing array of tissues, including peripheral and enteric nervous systems, cranial bones and cartilage, some cardiac muscle and virtually all pigmented cells in the body. (ca.gov)
If our hypothesis is correct, hES cell-derived neural precursors will be a rich source for NC cells, and subsequently for an array of human NC derivatives such as bones, cartilage, muscles, peripheral and enteric neurons and melanocytes. (ca.gov)
Neuropathology revealed p62-positive intracytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusions in neurons of the central and enteric nervous system, as well as alpha-synuclein positivity. (lu.se)

The researchers are still investigating how MMP-9 affects motor neuron function. (sciencedaily.com)
Autoimmune disease affects 10% of adults, most of whom are women, and two of the top five medications with the highest cost globally are used to maintain these recurring conditions in remission. (hrb.ie)
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive disorder of the nervous system that affects movement. (rxwiki.com)
Her particular interest is in treatments for Parkinson's disease, a progressive disorder that affects the nervous system and leads to movement problems. (embs.org)
This affects the functioning of the immune system. (medicinenet.com)
Motor neurone disease (MND) affects the brain and nervous system causing weakness which gets worse over time. (burnleyexpress.net)
There are no cures for this progressive, ultimately fatal disease, which affects more than six million Americans. (salk.edu)
Parkinson's disease (PD) affects approximately 1% of people over the age of 60. (lu.se)

Identifying early changes in the disease course may provide new therapeutic targets to halt or reverse disease progression. (nature.com)
The findings, made in mice, explain why most but not all motor neurons are affected by the disease and identify a potential therapeutic target for this still-incurable neurodegenerative disease. (sciencedaily.com)
We thought that if we could find out why these neurons have a natural resistance to ALS, we might be able to exploit this property and develop new therapeutic options. (sciencedaily.com)
These results indicate that Rhodiola rosea may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of inflammation and neurodegenerative disease. (hindawi.com)
Direct neuronal reprogramming of a somatic cell into therapeutic neurons, without a transient pluripotent state, provides new promise for the large number of individuals afflicted by neurodegenerative diseases or brain injury. (lu.se)

Clinical studies have shown that cortical and hippocampal hyperactivity are a feature shared by patients in the early stages of disease, progressing to hypoactivity during later stages of neurodegeneration. (nature.com)
Cortical circuit activity is shaped by the parvalbumin (PV) and somatostatin (SST) interneurons that inhibit principal excitatory (EXC) neurons and the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) interneurons that suppress activation of other interneurons. (jneurosci.org)
Cortical neurons derived from human pluripotent stem cells visualized with a fluorescent marker indicating their identity. (mskcc.org)
To study brain diseases, researchers need to produce abundant quantities of cortical neurons, which take a long time to develop naturally. (mskcc.org)
A new study from researchers at Memorial Sloan Kettering provides a quick and easy way to speed up development of cortical neurons , the cells making up the thinking parts of the brain. (mskcc.org)
The new approach provides a powerful tool to study these brain-centric diseases by producing the elusive cortical neuron. (mskcc.org)

Within neurons of Parkinson's disease patients, large alpha-synuclein-positive intracellular inclusions known as Lewy bodies are observed ( Wakabayashi et al, 2012 ). (biorxiv.org)
Aggregation of the protein alpha-synuclein is found in Lewy bodies, a pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease. (michaeljfox.org)

People with a higher cumulative estrogen exposure throughout their life may have a lower risk of cerebral small vessel disease, according to a new study published in the September 27, 2023, online issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. (news-medical.net)

citation needed] These conditions can appear as Neuromyelitis optica (NMO), and its associated "spectrum of disorders" (NMOSD), currently considered a common syndrome for several separated diseases but with some still idiopathic subtypes. (wikipedia.org)
Johns Hopkins Medicine: "Overview of Nervous System Disorders. (webmd.com)
Neurology is a branch of medical science that is concerned with disorders and diseases of the nervous system. (news-medical.net)
According to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), at least 500,000 people are estimated to have Parkinson's disease in the US. (medicalnewstoday.com)
In addition, AEG-1 as a key modulator regulates aberrant cellular processes within the central nervous system (CNS), where it is involved in neurological diseases such as Huntington's chorea, migraine and HIV-induced neurological disorders ( 7-9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
a branch of medicine that is concerned with the treatment of disorders of both the mind and the nervous system. (wordsmyth.net)
Historically, disorders of taste and smell have been difficult to diagnose and treat, often because of a lack of knowledge and understanding of these senses and their disease states. (medscape.com)
The risk of developing MS increases if a person has other autoimmune disorders, such as thyroid disease , rheumatoid arthritis , pernicious anemia , psoriasis , type 1 diabetes or inflammatory bowel disease . (medicinenet.com)
The primary signs of nervous system disorders include behavioral changes, seizures, tremors, pain, numbness, lack of coordination, and weakness or paralysis of one or more legs. (merckvetmanual.com)
Hirschsprung's disease) and pigment disorders (e.g. (ca.gov)
Aging is the single most important risk factor in the development of many diseases including chronic neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system. (lu.se)

Researcher Jeanne Loring thinks she has a good method for reversing the symptoms of Parkinson's disease, and she believes this method-a stem-cell therapy-will find its way to clinics in as little as twoand- a-half years. (embs.org)
The petition recognizes that many "Canadians suffer from debilitating illnesses and diseases" and that the petitioners "support ethical stem cell research that has already shown encouraging potential to provide cures and therapies for these illnesses and diseases. (lifesitenews.com)
Neurons can be produced from stem cells, but the process takes time. (mskcc.org)
Instead of waiting several months, we can make those neurons in about ten days," says Lorenz Studer , Director of the Center for Stem Cell Biology at the Sloan Kettering Institute. (mskcc.org)
Astrocytes are abundant cell types in the vertebrate central nervous system and can act as neural stem cells in specialized niches where they constitutively generate new neurons. (frontiersin.org)
Upper MNDs (eg, primary lateral sclerosis) affect neurons of the motor cortex, which extend to the brain stem (corticobulbar tracts) or spinal cord (corticospinal tracts). (msdmanuals.com)
Stem cell research can revolutionize the treatment, cure, and alleviation of serious diseases. (lu.se)
Together, the more than 300 researchers at the center have investigated, among other things, how stem cells can be used to understand, treat and alleviate diseases and improve the quality of life for thousands of patients. (lu.se)
A recent and high-profile example of this is the recently launched clinical trial for the treatment of Parkinson's disease through stem cell transplantation. (lu.se)
DBS is a widely used FDA-approved treatment and stem cell-derived dopamine neuron replacement has now evolved to the first in-human clinical trials. (lu.se)

AEG-1 has differential regulatory effects on astrocytes (AST) and neurons. (spandidos-publications.com)
Although injuries in the mammalian central nervous system lead to profound proliferation of astrocytes, which cluster at the lesion site to form a gliotic scar, neurogenesis does not take place. (frontiersin.org)
Therefore, finding out molecular mechanisms by which reactive astrocytes can be coaxed into neurons will be of utmost importance for regenerative therapies as these astrocytes are the imminent cell types around the lesion site. (frontiersin.org)

L-Glutamate (L-glu) is the most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate central nervous system (CNS) and plays a crucial role in the neurological processes including cognition, learning, and memory [ 15 ]. (hindawi.com)

The messages traveling in your nerves are sent through billions of nerve cells called neurons. (webmd.com)
Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) had beneficial effects on fruit fly nerve cells with mutations in the LRRK2 gene - the most common inherited cause of Parkinson's disease . (medicalnewstoday.com)
poisonous to nerve cells or nervous tissue. (wordsmyth.net)

We sorted excitatory neurons and key inhibitory neuron subtypes from mouse brains and assessed differential mRNA expression. (jneurosci.org)
GABA functions as an inhibitory neurotransmitter thus limiting overactivity of neurons. (prnewswire.com)

The German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) investigates the causes of diseases of the nervous system and develops strategies for prevention, treatment and care. (medizin-aspekte.de)

After a stroke, neurons die and disappear with replacement gliosis. (rxlist.com)
The automated system was linked to a 60% drop in mortality rates in a clinical trial across four comprehensive stroke centers. (news-medical.net)
1 Ischemic stroke represents the common form of cerebrovascular disease. (cbinsights.com)

However, familial inherited genetic cases of the disease (familial AD, FAD) represent only around 2% of total cases [ 6 ]. (nature.com)
To understand the molecular-genetic basis of functional specialization and identify potential drug targets specific to each neuron subtype, we performed a genome wide assessment of both gene expression and splicing across EXC, PV, SST and VIP neurons from male and female mouse brains. (jneurosci.org)
The exact cause of PD is unknown, though most researchers agree that the disease is caused by both genetic and environmental factors, as well as the interactions between the two. (rxwiki.com)
Using genetic tools to implant genes that produce fluorescent proteins in the DNA of transparent C. elegans worms, John Calarco, a Bauer Fellow at the Faculty of Arts and Sciences Center for Systems Biology, and postdoctoral researcher Adam Norris were able to gather hard evidence that the alternative splicing process frequently works differently in different types of neurons.The study was described in a recent paper in Molecular Cell. (harvard.edu)
Some genetic diseases cause the neurons to degenerate slowly and irreversibly in the first year of life. (merckvetmanual.com)
At Salk, we are uncovering the origins of the disease, from identifying genetic mutations linked to the disorder to explaining how it damages the neural circuits that facilitate movement. (salk.edu)
A genetic mutation in this protein is the basis for a rare inherited form of Parkinson's disease. (michaeljfox.org)

The gradual loss of these neurons results in reduction of a critical neurotransmitter dopamine - a chemical responsible for transmitting messages to parts of the brain that coordinate muscle movement. (rxwiki.com)
These drugs increase brain levels of a neurotransmitter called acetylcholine, which helps neurons communicate with each other and is involved in memory, learning and thinking. (michaeljfox.org)

In MS, the body's immune system attacks the protective myelin sheath that covers the nerve fibers. (medicinenet.com)

Your brain and spinal cord make up your central nervous system . (webmd.com)
in the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system). (medlineplus.gov)
As a result, these compounds can accumulate to toxic levels, particularly in neurons of the brain and spinal cord. (medlineplus.gov)
In contrast, the neurons in the brain and spinal cord do not have this ability. (medizin-aspekte.de)

ergic innervation from the A9 nigral neurons to the striatum, in particular the putamen. (lu.se)

The music metaphor is appropriate given what the team did next: They implanted the human neurons in developing mouse brains and followed their growth using a powerful new visualization technique called iDISCO (which stands for immunolabeling-enabled three-dimensional imaging of solvent-cleared organs). (mskcc.org)

We are using large-scale single-nuclei RNA-sequencing of postmortem tissue to investigate the pathological role of transposons in both acute neurodegeneration occurring after traumatic brain injury as well as in progressive neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease. (lu.se)

Researchers have discovered a drug that has long been used to treat liver disease could also be used to slow down the effects of Parkinson's disease. (medicalnewstoday.com)
We demonstrated the beneficial effects of UDCA in the tissue of LRRK2 carriers with Parkinson's disease as well as currently asymptomatic LRRK2 carriers," states study author Dr. Heather Mortiboys of SITraN. (medicalnewstoday.com)
These include motor neuron disease and Parkinson's disease. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Our hope is, therefore, that UDCA might be beneficial for other types of Parkinson's disease and might also show benefits in other neurodegenerative diseases. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Dr. Bandmann states that because UDCA has been in clinical use for decades, it could be brought forward to treat Parkinson's disease quickly if it proves beneficial in clinical trials. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Last month, Medical News Today reported on a breakthrough study that identified two existing antimalarial drugs that showed promise in protecting the brain against the progression of Parkinson's disease. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder. (rxwiki.com)
Protein aggregates are the pathogenic hallmarks of many different neurodegenerative diseases and include the Lewy bodies found in Parkinson's disease. (biorxiv.org)
A class of drugs often effective in reducing the tremor of Parkinson's disease. (michaeljfox.org)
Some studies have linked oxidative damage to Parkinson's disease. (michaeljfox.org)
A medicine used to treat Parkinson's disease. (michaeljfox.org)
A movement disorder sometimes confused with Parkinson's disease that manifests in low, repetitive, involuntary, writhing movements of the arms, legs, hands, and neck that are often especially severe in the fingers and hands. (michaeljfox.org)
No validated biomarker of Parkinson's disease currently exists. (michaeljfox.org)
One of the cardinal clinical features of Parkinson's disease, the slowing down and loss of spontaneous and voluntary movement. (michaeljfox.org)
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex heteroge- this? (lu.se)

Astrocyte elevated gene‑1 (AEG‑1) is a key regulatory factor of progression in multiple types of tumor and neurodegenerative disease development. (spandidos-publications.com)
In AST, AEG-1 causes glutamatergic excitotoxicity by downregulating the activity of the excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2) promoter, leading to neuronal cell death in glioma-induced neurodegenerative disease ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

In addition, neurons (and glia) are constantly synthesizing a variety of neurotransmitters, proteins for axonal flow, and proteins and lipids for regeneration of synaptic vesicles and other components of membranes. (medscape.com)
In this thesis, human glia-to-neuron direct conversion and engineered viral vectors are explored using pre-clinical in vitro and ex vivo models. (lu.se)

We provide a searchable web resource for exploring differential mRNA expression and splice form usage between excitatory, PV, SST, and VIP neurons ( http://research-pub.gene.com/NeuronSubtypeTranscriptomes ). (jneurosci.org)

Together, the one-two punch could spur the body's own immune system to attack cancer cells. (genengnews.com)
Other inflammations, such as certain types of meningitis, can be caused by the body's own overactive immune system. (merckvetmanual.com)
A thin layer of tightly packed cells separating the central nervous system from the body's blood stream. (michaeljfox.org)

KidsHealth: "Brain and Nervous System. (webmd.com)

For example, if you step on something sharp, the nerves in your foot send a message from neuron to neuron to your central nervous system that says, Hey, this hurts . (webmd.com)
U.S. National Library of Medicine: "Nerves," "Nervous System. (webmd.com)

To understand why only some motor neurons are vulnerable to ALS, the researchers used DNA microarray profiling to compare the activity of tens of thousands of genes in neurons that resist ALS (oculomotor neurons/eye movement and Onuf's nuclei/continence) with neurons affected by ALS (lumbar 5 spinal neurons/leg movement). (sciencedaily.com)
We found a number of candidate 'susceptibility' genes -- genes that were expressed only in vulnerable motor neurons. (sciencedaily.com)
In a follow-up experiment, the researchers confirmed that the product of MMP-9, MMP-9 protein, is present in ALS-vulnerable motor neurons, but not in ALS-resistant ones. (sciencedaily.com)
In other words, having MMP-9 is an absolute predictor that a motor neuron will die if the disease strikes, at least in mice. (sciencedaily.com)
Taking a closer look at the groups of vulnerable motor neurons, the researchers found differences in MMP-9 expression at the single-cell level. (sciencedaily.com)
So, MMP-9 is not only labeling the most vulnerable groups of motor neurons, it is labeling the most vulnerable subtypes within those groups, as well," said Dr. Spiller. (sciencedaily.com)
Progeny from this cross with no MMP-9 exhibited an 80-day delay in loss of fast-fatigable motor neuron function and a 25 percent longer lifespan, compared with littermates with two copies of the MMP-9 gene. (sciencedaily.com)
The same effect on motor neuron function was seen when MMP-9 was inactivated in SOD1 mutant mice using chemical injections or virally mediated gene therapy. (sciencedaily.com)
Tributes have poured in after rugby legend Doddie Weir died on Saturday night after years of battling motor neurone disease. (burnleyexpress.net)
Former Scotland international rugby player Doddie Weir died on Saturday (November 26) at the age of 52, six years after he was diagnosed with motor neurone disease (MND). (burnleyexpress.net)
And it was this approach to life which shone through in his determination to make a difference and help others when he was diagnosed with motor neuron disease. (burnleyexpress.net)
What is motor neurone disease? (burnleyexpress.net)
Nomenclature and symptoms vary according to the part of the motor system most affected. (msdmanuals.com)

The cells are linked to one another through chemicals called neurotransmitters that move across the synapses to the next neuron. (webmd.com)

behav-ioral system of a person is not work-ing correctly (there is a dysfunction ). (psywww.com)

In some cases, an increase in oligodendrocyte differentiation alongside neurons is further highlighted for functional improvements where the biomaterial was then tested for increased myelination both in vitro and in vivo. (karger.com)

As of 2019, three auto-antibodies have been found in atypical MS giving birth to separate diseases: Anti-AQP4 diseases, Anti-MOG and Anti-NF spectrums. (wikipedia.org)
2019). Elevated concentrations of NfL have also been associated with disease severity in these patient populations, including in MS and other neurologic conditions (Disanto et al. (cdc.gov)

AgeneBio's novel GABA A α5 small molecule program is in discovery stage with potential to address unmet needs for several diseases of the central nervous system including MCI due to AD, autism and schizophrenia. (prnewswire.com)
The advance paves the way for better disease modeling and potential treatments of central nervous system diseases like autism and schizophrenia. (mskcc.org)
The ease and speed of the new procedure means that researchers can more readily model central nervous system diseases like schizophrenia and autism, and perhaps one day develop more-effective therapies. (mskcc.org)

This resource, combining a unique new dataset and novel application of analysis methods to multiple relevant datasets, identifies numerous potential drug targets for manipulating circuit function, reveals neuron subtype-specific roles for disease-linked genes, and is useful for understanding gene expression changes observed in human patient brains. (jneurosci.org)

Here, we investigated the role of Sirt1 in the pathogenesis of brain injuries after modulating its activity in primary cultured hippocampal neurons. (frontiersin.org)

Asian optic-spinal MS - this variant can present brain lesions like MS. Longitudinally extensive myelitis or optic neuritis associated with systemic autoimmune disease. (wikipedia.org)

In other inherited diseases, such as epilepsy, the animal may not show any signs for 2 to 3 years. (merckvetmanual.com)

Any problem with the functioning of the autonomic nervous system, which controls unconscious body functions that affect the bladder, bowels, sweating, sexual function and blood pressure. (michaeljfox.org)

Fast-fatigable neurons (which are involved in movements like jumping and sprinting and are the first to die in ALS) were found to have the most MMP-9 protein, whereas slow neurons (which control posture and are only partially affected in ALS) had none. (sciencedaily.com)
A single neuron is highlighted by green fluorescent protein. (neurosciencenews.com)
a short protein used by neurons to communicate with each other. (wordsmyth.net)
A protein normally found in neurons, and present in high concentrations in Lewy bodies. (michaeljfox.org)

The results of the present study may be applied for improving the understanding of AEG‑1‑associated central nervous system diseases. (spandidos-publications.com)

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a life-threatening disease with high mortality characterized by an abrupt decrease of the kidney glomerular filtration rate, extra-kidney consequences (cardiovascular diseases, lung injury, neurological impairment) and high risk of secondary chronic kidney disease (CKD). (hrb.ie)

These results reveal numerous examples where neuron subtype-specific gene expression, as well as splice-isoform usage, can explain functional differences between neuron subtypes, including in presynaptic plasticity, postsynaptic receptor function, and synaptic connectivity specification. (jneurosci.org)
SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Understanding the basis of functional specialization of neuron subtypes and identifying drug targets for manipulating circuit function requires comprehensive information on cell-type-specific transcriptional profiles. (jneurosci.org)
This analysis reveals numerous examples of neuron subtype-specific isoform usage with functional importance, identifies potential drug targets, and provides insight into the neuron subtypes involved in psychiatric disease. (jneurosci.org)
In culture, hES-NPCs become functional neurons and oligodendrocytes. (ca.gov)

In summary, these results confirmed that Sirt1 is a potent protective factor for neurons subjected to oxidative stress, and the protective effect of Sirt1 is attributed to its regulation of PGC-1α. (frontiersin.org)

In particular, a buildup of GM2 ganglioside leads to the progressive destruction of these neurons, which causes many of the signs and symptoms of Sandhoff disease. (medlineplus.gov)
A doctor trained in nervous system conditions (a neurologist) will diagnose PD on the basis of your medical history, your signs and symptoms, and a neurological and physical examination. (rxwiki.com)
Symptoms may vary with people because of the location of affected nerve fibers and the severity of the disease. (medicinenet.com)
In endemic areas, the disease should be ruled out in all patients who develop unexplained neurological symptoms. (who.int)

Anatomy39

Organisms8

Diseases20

Chemicals and Drugs7

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment11

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes12

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Information Science1

Named Groups1

Health Care3

Alzheimer's16

Dopaminergic9

Multiple Sclerosis11

Dopamine neurons3

Types of motor neurons2

Glial3

Peripheral nervou6

Centers for Diseas4

Human cortical neurons1

Dementia5

Neuroscience1

Amyotrophic5

Clusters of neurons2

Sensory neurons2

Cause irreversible2

Single neurons3

Enteric3

Affects8

Therapeutic5

Cortical6

Alpha-synuclein2

20231

Disorders11

Stem10

Astrocytes3

Vertebrate central nervou1

Nerve cells3

Inhibitory2

German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases1

Stroke3

Genetic7

Neurotransmitter2

Myelin sheath1

Spinal cord4

Nigral1

Mouse brains1

Neurodegeneration1

Parkinson's Disease15

Neurodegenerative disease2

Glia2

Excitatory1

Body's3

Brain and nervous1

Nerves2

Motor13

Synapses1

Dysfunction1

Differentiation1

20192

Schizophrenia3

Brains1

Hippocampal1

Lesions1

Epilepsy1

Autonomic1

Protein4

Central nervous1

Chronic kidney1

Functional4

Oxidative1

Symptoms4