MicroelectrodesIon-Selective ElectrodesNeuronsMembrane PotentialsAction PotentialsElectrophysiologyElectrochemistryPotassiumElectrodes, ImplantedBrainExtracellular SpaceElectric StimulationFluorocarbon PolymersRats, Sprague-DawleyHippocampusMicrochip Analytical ProceduresElectrochemical TechniquesNeuronal PlasticityHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationCerebral CortexSodiumNerve Tissue ProteinsBicarbonatesCells, CulturedChloridesCalciumElectrodesHelix (Snails)StrophanthidinNeurogliaTime FactorsMicromanipulationNitric Oxide Synthase Type INecturusSynaptic TransmissionNecturus maculosusCatsPurkinje FibersConductometryGuinea PigsLeechesIntracellular FluidElectric ConductivityGlassSynapsesEquipment Failure AnalysisOxygenDielectric SpectroscopyNeuronal Ceroid-LipofuscinosesAxonsIon TransportEvoked PotentialsRats, WistarBiosensing TechniquesCarbonCell DeathPotentiometryMiniaturizationDiamondModels, NeurologicalPartial PressureEquipment DesignAnimals, NewbornImmunohistochemistryCortical Spreading DepressionDendritesDimethadioneTetrodotoxinNerve NetElectric ImpedanceNeuritesDopamineNeurogenesisBrain WavesQuaternary Ammonium CompoundsNerve DegenerationPolarographyMotor Neurons4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic AcidIon ExchangeElectroplatingPC12 CellsGlutamic AcidCell DifferentiationLacquerAmilorideEthoxzolamideGangliaSpinal CordIontophoresisDose-Response Relationship, DrugIon ChannelsRabbitsBariumNeural PathwaysOuabainModels, BiologicalAstrocytesCorpus Striatum