NeurogliaNeuronsNeurons, AfferentMotor NeuronsGlial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ReceptorsNerve Tissue ProteinsCells, CulturedGlial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic FactorBrainAxonsImmunohistochemistryNerve Growth FactorsAstrocytesAction PotentialsSpinal CordCerebral CortexCentral Nervous SystemAnimals, NewbornHippocampusRetinaGanglia, SpinalDopaminergic NeuronsOligodendrogliaGliosisSynapsesCell DifferentiationPatch-Clamp TechniquesRats, Sprague-DawleyGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinGlutamic AcidSynaptic TransmissionElectrophysiologySensory Receptor CellsNeuropeptidesRats, WistarCell CountCerebellumMice, TransgenicMembrane PotentialsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-retGABAergic NeuronsMice, Inbred C57BLDendritesElectric StimulationStem CellsMesencephalongamma-Aminobutyric AcidNeurogenesisDopamineTime FactorsSchwann CellsEnteric Nervous SystemOlfactory Receptor NeuronsGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalGlial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic FactorsDrosophila ProteinsModels, NeurologicalNerve DegenerationSubstantia NigraNeuritesLeechesRNA, MessengerDisease Models, AnimalIn Situ HybridizationNerve RegenerationGreen Fluorescent ProteinsNestinNeural InhibitionMice, KnockoutNervous SystemNeocortexCell SurvivalCholinergic NeuronsProsencephalonRetinal NeuronsNeurturinNeural Stem CellsOptic NerveExcitatory Postsynaptic PotentialsPyramidal CellsMotor Neuron DiseaseInterneuronsCorpus StriatumCalciumIntermediate Filament ProteinsEpendymoglial CellsNeuroprotective AgentsMyelin SheathGangliaNeurons, EfferentDrosophilaCell DeathAnimals, Genetically ModifiedBrain StemMedulla OblongataNeurofilament ProteinsAmino Acid Transport System X-AGTyrosine 3-MonooxygenaseCatsS100 Proteins