• Alpha-crystallin B chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CRYAB gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Since lens central fiber cells lose their nuclei during development, these crystallins are made and then retained throughout life, making them extremely stable proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • Delicate X-associated tremor/ataxia symptoms (FXTAS) is usually a intensifying neurological disorder that affects old adult service providers, predominantly adult males, of premutation alleles (55 to 200 CGG repeats) from the delicate X (mRNA (RNA harmful gain-of-function), that leads subsequently to dysregulation of several proteins including lamin A/C and alpha B crystallin (Arocena et al 2005). (bio-biz-navi.com)
  • Alpha-crystallins also act as molecular chaperones that bind to denatured proteins, keep them in solution and thereby maintain the translucency of the lens. (lookformedical.com)
  • The proteins exist as large oligomers that are formed from ALPHA-CRYSTALLIN A CHAIN and ALPHA-CRYSTALLIN B CHAIN subunits. (lookformedical.com)
  • A proteomic analysis of heart proteins in FA cardiomyopathy by antibody microarray, Western blots, immunohistochemistry, and double-label laser scanning confocal immunofluorescence microscopy revealed upregulation of desmin and its chaperone protein, αB-crystallin. (uni-muenster.de)
  • While desmin and αB-crystallin are not mutated in FA, the accumulation of these proteins in FA hearts allows the conclusion that FA cardiomyopathy is a desminopathy akin to desmin myopathy of skeletal muscle. (uni-muenster.de)
  • Seven protein regions exist in crystallins: four homologous motifs, a connecting peptide, and N- and C-terminal extensions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Alpha and beta families are further divided into acidic and basic groups. (wikipedia.org)
  • Alpha crystallins are composed of two gene products: alpha-A and alpha-B, for acidic and basic, respectively. (wikipedia.org)
  • The brain doesn't roll over and play dead when it's under attack," said Lawrence Steinman, MD, the other senior author of the new study, who is the George A. Zimmermann Professor of Neurology and Neurological Sciences and Pediatrics as well as chair of Stanford's interdepartmental program in immunology. (medicalresearch.com)
  • The World Health Organization (WHO) have estimated that until 2030, deaths attributed to neurological diseases will increased up to 12.22% ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Clusterin (apolipoprotein J) is a highly conserved heterodimeric glycoprotein ( apolipoprotein ), differentially expressed during many severe physiological disturbance states, such as cancer, apoptosis, and various neurological disorder. (wellnessadvantage.com)
  • Alpha B chain crystallins (αBC) can be induced by heat shock, ischemia, and oxidation, and are members of the small heat shock protein (sHSP also known as the HSP20) family. (wikipedia.org)
  • They found that, in mice bioengineered to lack alpha-B-crystallin, experimentally induced stroke lesions were more massive than those induced in otherwise genetically similar mice whose cells were capable of making the protein. (medicalresearch.com)
  • The substance, alpha-B-crystallin, acts as a brake on the immune system, lowering levels of inflammatory molecules whose actions are responsible for substantial brain damage above and beyond that caused by the initial oxygen deprivation of a stroke. (medicalresearch.com)
  • The largest single cause of severe neurological disability and the third-leading cause of death in the United States, stroke accounts for an estimated $74 billion annually in related costs, including treatment and additional assistance for the three of every four stroke patients whose ability to perform the activities of daily life is impaired. (medicalresearch.com)
  • To my knowledge, nobody had looked at concentrations of alpha-B-crystallin after a stroke, either in people or in an experimental animal model before. (medicalresearch.com)
  • The alpha-B-crystallin-deficient mice had worse neurological function after the stroke than did the normal mice. (medicalresearch.com)
  • The researchers also found that supplying synthetic alpha-B-crystallin to the deficient mice reduced brain-lesion sizes after a stroke, even when the substance was administered 12 hours after the stroke was induced. (medicalresearch.com)
  • And they saw elevated alpha-B-crystallin levels in blood plasma from both human patients and mice after a stroke. (medicalresearch.com)
  • Mutations in all sarcoglycans, dysferlin, and caveolin-3, as well as mutations that cause abnormal glycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan can result in limb-girdle muscular dystrophy syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • Using quantitative RT-PCR we studied the expression of TRPC3, interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in monocytes from 15 patients with essential hypertension and 16 age- and sex-matched normotensive control subjects. (shengsci.com)
  • Two additional functions of alpha crystallins are an autokinase activity and participation in the intracellular architecture. (wikipedia.org)
  • Growing evidence suggests that alpha-B-crystallin can help curb inflammatory activity in the brain. (medicalresearch.com)
  • In an earlier study, published in Nature in 2007, Steinman and his colleagues found that the presence of alpha-B-crystallin could help reduce the severity of brain damage caused by multiple sclerosis, a chronic, debilitating autoimmune disease of the brain. (medicalresearch.com)
  • HspB5/αB-crystallin phosphorylation at S45 and S59 is essential for protection of the dendritic tree of rat hippocampal neurons. (uni-ulm.de)
  • Bartelt-Kirbach B, Slowik A, Beyer C, Golenhofen N (2017), Upregulation and phosphorylation of HspB1/Hsp25 and HspB5/alphaB-crystallin after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. (uni-ulm.de)
  • HspB5/alphaB-crystallin increases dendritic complexity and protects the dendritic arbor during heat shock in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. (uni-ulm.de)
  • Induction and phosphorylation of the small heat shock proteins HspB1/Hsp25 and HspB5/αB-crystallin in the rat retina upon optic nerve injury. (uni-ulm.de)
  • Golenhofen N , Bartelt-Kirbach B. (2015) HspB5/alpha-B-crystallin in the brain. (uni-ulm.de)
  • Alpha]B-crystallin genotype has impact on the multiple sclerosis phenotype. (cdc.gov)
  • 11. Complex Neurological Phenotype in Mutant Mice Lacking Tsc2 in Excitatory Neurons of the Developing Forebrain(123). (nih.gov)
  • 8. Differential involvement of IkappaB kinases alpha and beta in cytokine- and insulin-induced mammalian target of rapamycin activation determined by Akt. (nih.gov)
  • 10. Regulation of mammalian target of rapamycin activity in PTEN-inactive prostate cancer cells by I kappa B kinase alpha. (nih.gov)
  • Alpha B chain crystallins (αBC) can be induced by heat shock, ischemia, and oxidation, and are members of the small heat shock protein (sHSP also known as the HSP20) family. (wikipedia.org)
  • Alpha crystallins can be induced by heat shock and are members of the small heat shock protein (HSP20) family. (nih.gov)
  • Roswell Eldridge (died June 3, 2021, at 87) was a neurogeneticist at the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke from the mid-1960s until his retirement in the early 1990s. (nih.gov)
  • A fusion gene consisting of this alpha A-crystallin promoter sequence and the T-antigen gene of SV40 produced a lens tumor in transgenic mice. (nih.gov)
  • 4. Pivotal role of augmented αB-crystallin in tumor development induced by deficient TSC1/2 complex. (nih.gov)
  • 6. Her-2/neu overexpression induces NF-kappaB via a PI3-kinase/Akt pathway involving calpain-mediated degradation of IkappaB-alpha that can be inhibited by the tumor suppressor PTEN. (nih.gov)
  • Alpha crystallins are composed of two gene products: alpha-A and alpha-B, for acidic and basic, respectively. (wikipedia.org)
  • Crystallin genes: lens specificity of the murine alpha A-crystallin gene. (nih.gov)
  • We have studied the expression of the murine alpha A-crystallin gene. (nih.gov)
  • Thus, crystallin promoters provide a useful model for tissue-specific gene expression and permit targeting the expression of foreign genes to a highly differentiated tissue during development. (nih.gov)
  • Genes like alpha-synuclein ( SNCA ), repeat kinase 2 ( LRRK-2 ), and glucocerebrosidase ( GBA ) also point to the importance of genetics as a causal factor. (brainfacts.org)
  • Crystallins are separated into two classes: taxon-specific, or enzyme, and ubiquitous. (wikipedia.org)
  • So without accepted biomarkers, diagnosis is based on medical history and neurological tests that can include brain scans. (brainfacts.org)