Neurodegenerative DiseasesNeurogliaNeuronsBrainNerve DegenerationNerve Tissue ProteinsGlial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ReceptorsAstrocytesAlzheimer DiseaseHuntington DiseaseParkinson DiseaseGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinDisease Models, Animaltau ProteinsNeuroprotective AgentsCentral Nervous Systemalpha-SynucleinCells, CulturedAmyotrophic Lateral SclerosisNerve Growth FactorsGliosisMice, TransgenicImmunohistochemistryOligodendrogliaRetinaGlial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic FactorAxonsHeredodegenerative Disorders, Nervous SystemMicrogliaTauopathiesCerebral CortexCell DeathInclusion BodiesAmyloid beta-PeptidesMutationRats, Sprague-DawleySpinal CordMice, Inbred C57BLCell DifferentiationProto-Oncogene Proteins c-retHippocampusSynucleinsAnimals, NewbornCerebellumPrionsGlial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic FactorsSubstantia NigraOxidative StressDrosophila ProteinsStem CellsSpinocerebellar AtaxiasCell SurvivalPrion DiseasesSchwann CellsAgingTrinucleotide Repeat ExpansionGlutamic AcidParkinsonian DisordersProteostasis DeficienciesGene Expression RegulationNeuronal Ceroid-LipofuscinosesOptic NerveRNA, MessengerNeural Stem CellsNeurogenesisMice, KnockoutBlotting, WesternCell CountMyelin SheathAnimals, Genetically ModifiedDrosophilaNeurotoxinsCorpus StriatumSignal TransductionNestinNeurturinMitochondriaS100 Calcium Binding Protein beta SubunitNervous SystemNeurofilament ProteinsEpendymoglial CellsFrontotemporal Lobar DegenerationModels, BiologicalDopamineS100 ProteinsMotor NeuronsTime FactorsMolecular Sequence DataNeurofibrillary TanglesFrontotemporal DementiaRats, WistarNerve RegenerationApoptosisBrain ChemistryEnteric Nervous SystemCell LineIntermediate Filament ProteinsFriedreich AtaxiaGreen Fluorescent ProteinsPhenotype