Neural precursor cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

Porcine fetal neural gabaergic cells and/or precursors aseptically prepared for intracerebral implantation for Huntington's disease. (checkorphan.org)
Porcine fetal neural gabaergic. (checkorphan.org)
Our findings show that cells dissociated from the developing and adult olfactory organs when transplanted into the rat fetal brain can either completely change their fate and differentiate according to their final position or generate an olfactory epithelium if they reaggregate into large clusters. (unipv.it)
Here, a novel murine model of fetal ZIKV infection incorporating intraventricular infection and cell type-specific in utero electroporation (IUE) was used to identify the time course of ZIKV infection and to determine the identity of cells that are initially infected or spared during neocortical neurogenesis. (eneuro.org)
The transcriptional signatures of neural precursor cells (NPCs) were used for the first time to test Zika virus (ZIKV) susceptibility in a direct fetal brain infection model. (eneuro.org)
hNPCs obtained from 3 fetal brains (14-15 weeks of gestation) were cultured and expanded as neurospheres, which contained 76.3% nestin-positive cells. (nih.gov)
We have also compared the behavior of primary fetal cells to these human interneuron precursor-like cells both in vivo and in vitro. (ca.gov)
American Type Culture Collection [ATCC], Manassas, VA) were cultured in minimal essential medium (Thermoscientific, Logan, UT) and the media was supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Invitrogen Corp., Carlsbad, CA), 100 U/ml penicillin, and 100 µg/ml of streptomycin (Invitrogen Corp.). Cells were maintained at 37 °C in logarithmic scale in a 75 cm 2 cell culture flask. (molvis.org)
In the fifth week of fetal development, neuroblastic cells migrate from the thoracic neural crest to form the sympathetic chains and preaortic ganglia. (medscape.com)
1983) and the multipotent progenitor cells from fetal disease (Bjorklund and Lindvall, 2000). (lu.se)
The stem cells suits human needs, does not cause harm and can be obtained from both adult and fetal does not conflict with religious beliefs, it has tissues, umbilical cord and early embryos. (who.int)

Glial cells are primarily produced in a second germinal zone, the subventricular zone that is located superficially to the VZ. (jneurosci.org)
In the adult mammalian subventricular zone (SVZ), GFAP-positive neural stem cells (NSCs) generate neuroblasts that migrate tangentially along the rostral migratory stream (RMS) toward the olfactory bulb (OB). (jneurosci.org)
We prospectively identified, and isolated by flow cytometry, adult mouse lateral ventricle subventricular zone (SVZ) NICs as Glast mid EGFR high PlexinB2 high CD24 −/low O4/PSA-NCAM −/low Ter119/CD45 − (GEPCOT) cells. (elifesciences.org)
A region of the brain called the subventricular zone contains both neural stem cells and neural progenitor cells, and is one of only two regions of the brain where neural stem cells are found in adult mammals. (elifesciences.org)
When cells from the subventricular zone are cultured in a way that allows the cells to freely float around (rather than growing on a surface), a few percent form spherical colonies called neurospheres. (elifesciences.org)
have used a technique called flow cytometry to identify and isolate neural stem cells and neurosphere-forming cells directly from the subventricular zone. (elifesciences.org)
As Jennifer's did, these tumors tend to spread to a brain region called the lateral ventricle subventricular zone, an area where new nerve cells can grow throughout life. (stanford.edu)
A protein called pleiotrophin -- secreted by neural precursor cells in the subventricular zone -- was especially important in this regard. (stanford.edu)

What are neural stem cells (NSCs), neural progenitors, and neural precursors (NPCs)? (sanbio.nl)
NSCs and neural progenitors are often regarded as neural precursors (NPCs). (sanbio.nl)
NPCs are distinct from differentiated cells of the nervous system at the molecular level. (sanbio.nl)
Immunofluorescent staining of PAX6 ( 12323-1-AP , 1:250 dilution) with 4% PFA fixed control human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived NPCs. (sanbio.nl)
NPCs can be differentiated from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) but also from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) (PMID: 11731782). (sanbio.nl)
NPCs can additionally be obtained by direct reprogramming of somatic cells from different cell lineage (PMID: 22445518). (sanbio.nl)
Alternatively, NPCs can be isolated from fresh nervous tissues using cell sorting with NPC markers (PMID: 11121071). (sanbio.nl)
During this time, neural precursor cells (NPCs) in the developing brain are undergoing proliferation, migration, and differentiation to form neurons and the normal cytoarchitecture of the brain. (rutgers.edu)
Specifically, treatment with EFs stimulated neurite outgrowth and cell migration in both unaffected patients and 16pdel NPCs, whereas they failed to elicit neurite or migration responses in I-ASD. (rutgers.edu)
Neural precursor cells (NPCs) have the ability to self-renew and to give rise to neuronal and glial lineages. (elsevierpure.com)
The fate decision of NPCs between proliferation and differentiation determines the number of differentiated cells and the size of each region of the brain. (elsevierpure.com)
Recent studies have reported that taurine causes increased proliferation of neural stem/progenitor neural cells (neural precursor cells, NPCs) obtained from embryonic and adult rodent brain. (nih.gov)
The present study is the first to show that taurine markedly increases cell numbers in cultures and neuronal generation from human NPCs (hNPCs). (nih.gov)

Although spontaneous changes of [Ca 2+ ] i have been examined in immature cortical neurons, the calcium dynamics of cortical precursor cells have received less attention. (jneurosci.org)
Using an intact cortical mantle and confocal laser microscopy, we examined the spatiotemporal patterns of spontaneous [Ca 2+ ] i fluctuations in neocortical ventricular zone (VZ) cells in situ . (jneurosci.org)
These results demonstrate distinct patterns of spontaneous [Ca 2+ ] i change in cortical precursor cells and raise the possibility that these dynamics may contribute to the regulation of neurogenesis. (jneurosci.org)
Our preliminary data suggests that grafting interneuron precursors into the postnatal rodent brain allows for up to a 35% increase in the number of cortical interneurons. (ca.gov)

Oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the central nervous system (CNS), are generated from oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) that express neurotransmitter receptors. (nature.com)
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are non-neuronal brain cells that give rise to oligodendrocytes, glia that myelinate the axons of neurons in. (alleninstitute.org)
Upon demyelination, new oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and OLs can be generated and partial myelin repair can take place ( Franklin & Ffrench-Constant, 2017 ). (biorxiv.org)
Sending neural impulses quickly down a long nerve fiber requires insulation with myelin, which is formed by a cell called an oligodendrocyte that wraps itself around a neuron. (stanford.edu)
In the study, Monje and her colleagues showed that nerve activity prompts oligodendrocyte precursor cell proliferation and differentiation into myelin-forming oligodendrocytes. (stanford.edu)

Neural stem cells (NSCs) are undifferentiated neural cells with the capacity for long-term self-renewal and for differentiation into all types of neuronal and glial cells. (sanbio.nl)
Neural progenitors are precursor cells able to further differentiate into various neuronal and glial cells. (sanbio.nl)
This was demonstrated by anatomical methods and selective amplification of cDNA encoding for neuronal specific transcripts (microtubule-associated protein 2 and middle-molecular-mass neurofilament protein) expressed by the engrafted cells. (unipv.it)
Additionally, elucidation of cell morphologic features using in utero electroporation (IUE) revealed substantial but incomplete interruption of basal fibers, a finding that implies interference with neuronal migration. (eneuro.org)
Taurine also increased the cell number and neuronal generation in cultures of the immortalized human cell line ReNcell VM. (nih.gov)
However it has not been proven whether the apoptosis is a direct result of the radiation itself or if there are other factors that cause neuronal apoptosis, namely changes in the hippocampus micro-environment or damage to the precursor pool. (wikipedia.org)
Previous studies in our laboratory revealed that APP plays an important role in the differentiation of human neural stem cells (hNSCs), favoring glial differentiation (gliogenesis) and preventing their differentiation toward a neuronal phenotype (neurogenesis). (isciii.es)
The directed differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) into specific neuronal subtypes provides an unlimited supply of human neurons that can be used to study disease mechanisms. (researchsquare.com)
Michelle Monje is senior author of a paper that found neuronal activity causes changes in myelin, cells that insulate nerve fibers and make them more efficient.The brain is a wonderfully flexible and adaptive learning tool. (stanford.edu)
Neuronal activity also causes an increase in the thickness of the myelin sheaths within the active neural circuit, making signal transmission along the neural fiber more efficient. (stanford.edu)
There have been studies that showed a correlation between experience and myelin dynamics, and studies of isolated cells in a dish suggesting a relationship between neuronal activity and myelination. (stanford.edu)
Many existing protocols for neuronal differentiation of human pluripotent cells result in heterogeneous cell populations and unsynchronized differentiation, necessitating the development of methods for labeling specific cell populations. (lu.se)

Numerous studies have focused on the pathophysiological role of amyloid precursor protein (APP) because the proteolytic processing of APP to β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide is a central event in Alzheimer's disease (AD). (isciii.es)
The APP gene provides instructions for making a protein called amyloid precursor protein. (medlineplus.gov)
Little is known about the function of amyloid precursor protein. (medlineplus.gov)
Amyloid precursor protein is cut by enzymes to create smaller fragments (peptides), some of which are released outside the cell. (medlineplus.gov)
Two of these fragments are called soluble amyloid precursor protein (sAPP) and amyloid beta (β) peptide. (medlineplus.gov)
The most common APP gene variant changes one of the protein building blocks (amino acids) in the amyloid precursor protein. (medlineplus.gov)
These variants change single amino acids in the amyloid precursor protein. (medlineplus.gov)

In this reporting period, we continued to improve the acquisition of migratory medial ganglionic eminence (MGE)-type interneurons from human embryonic stem cells (hESC). (ca.gov)
Unlike previous experiments which managed to ease paralysis in laboratory animals, this research managed to do it with adult brain cells, rather than embryonic stem cells (or cells from fetuses). (sci-info-pages.com)
Embryonic stem cells can turn into any kind of cell. (sci-info-pages.com)
Unlike earlier transcriptomics analyses using single-cell technologies, we observe that cells derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in the grafts adopt mature dopaminergic signatures. (lu.se)
We provide detailed protocols for lentiviral transduction, neural differentiation, and subsequent analysis of human embryonic stem cells. (lu.se)
Given this, human pluripotent stem cells, such as human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripo- tent stem cells (hiPSCs), have become a unique cell source for study- ing early human brain development. (lu.se)

These precursor populations generate the neurons and glia that populate the mature brain. (cedars-sinai.edu)
Since neurosphere-forming cells can self-renew and differentiate into neurons and glia, the ability of cells to form neurospheres has generally been taken as evidence that they are stem cells. (elifesciences.org)

Determining the exact cause of the cell apoptosis is important because then it may be possible to inhibit the apoptosis and reverse the effects of the arrested neurogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
Glial cell production increases as neurogenesis declines, peaking during the early postnatal period ( Bayer and Altman, 1991 ). (jneurosci.org)
Madrid LI, Bandhavkar S, Hafey K, Jimenez-Martin J, Milne M, Coulson EJ, Jhaveri DJ (2022) Stimulation of the muscarinic receptor M4 activates quiescent neural precursor cells and ameliorates medial septum cholinergic lesion-induced impairments in adult hippocampal neurogenesis. (atsbio.com)

Therefore, the goals of my studies were to assess neurite outgrowth, migration, and signaling pathways in neural precursor cells derived from 6 individuals with ASD. (rutgers.edu)
Today, lipid research has started to map the lipidome of human cells and describe lipid biological pathways. (sanbio.nl)
During development, a host of signaling pathways, in the form of proteins on neighboring cells or soluble factors, influence the behavior of these cells. (cedars-sinai.edu)

A subset of NSCs is present in the developed nervous system and acts as a reservoir of cells for cell replacement and nervous tissue regeneration (PMID: 20110496). (sanbio.nl)
Symmetric division of NSCs maintains the population of undifferentiated NSCs, while asymmetric division gives rise to neural progenitors. (sanbio.nl)
Neurosphere formation is commonly used as a surrogate for neural stem cell (NSC) function but the relationship between neurosphere-initiating cells (NICs) and NSCs remains unclear. (elifesciences.org)
The stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 (SSEA4) is com- isolate the NSCs from neonatal mice and rats (Campos monly used as a cell surface marker to identify the pluri- et al. (lu.se)
2000). In *Correspondence to: Perrine Barraud, Department of Veterinary Medi- contrast, several cell surface markers have been used to cine, Neurosciences, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OES, United enrich for NSCs in the rodent CNS. (lu.se)

For decades, researchers have known that this flexibility, called plasticity, comes from selective strengthening of well-used synapses - the connections between nerve cells. (stanford.edu)
Now, researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine have demonstrated that brain plasticity also comes from another mechanism: activity-dependent changes in the cells that insulate neural fibers and make them more efficient. (stanford.edu)
The findings illustrate a form of neural plasticity based in myelin, and future work on the molecular mechanisms responsible may ultimately shed light on a broad range of neurological and psychiatric diseases," said Monje, senior author of the paper. (stanford.edu)
From the perspective of neural plasticity, Dr. Yun Xiang and co-workers from Sun Yat-sen University in China observed the effects of functional electrical stimulation treatment on endogenous neural precursor cell proliferation and expression of basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor in the rat brain on the infarct side. (medindia.net)
One of the fascinating themes emerging from our work and the work of others is the malignant subversion of mechanisms involved in neurodevelopment and ongoing neural plasticity. (stanford.edu)

doctors strip a donor penis of all its cells using some sort of f**ked up detergent, leaving behind a collagen "scaffold" and then plant smooth muscle cells (the stuff organs are made of) and endothelial cells (which regulate blood-flow and transmission between blood vessels and surrounding tissues). (ebaumsworld.com)
Intracellular Ca 2+ signals of oligodendroglia, the myelin-forming cells of the central nervous system, regulate vital cellular processes including myelination. (biorxiv.org)
The basic helix-loop-helix genes Hesr1/Hey1 and Hesr2/Hey2 regulate maintenance of neural precursor cells in the brain. (jax.org)
Microglia regulate the number of neural precursor cells in the developing cerebral cortex. (bvsalud.org)

iPSCs are stem cells reprogrammed from mature somatic tissues (like white blood cells) that have the capability of forming almost any cell in the body including neurons. (rutgers.edu)
This report describes the role of neuroprotection in acute disorders such as stroke and injuries of the nervous system as well as in chronic diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders because many of the underlying mechanisms of damage to neural tissues are similar in all these conditions and several products are used in more than one disorder. (researchandmarkets.com)
Unlike some other tissues, it has not been possible to identify or purify neural stem cells directly from the tissue. (elifesciences.org)
During development, many cells move as cohorts to attain their final destination and shape both tissues and organs. (igbmc.fr)
So far, Jeong and her colleagues have identified up to nine different combinations of Fox transcription factors in the developing face that potentially cue neural crest cells to grow into distinct tissues in the proper positions, such as tongue, middle ear cartilage, or incisors. (harvard.edu)

The results extend the findings from other researchers that sonic hedgehog regulates the proliferation and cell survival necessary for forming a face in chick embryos. (harvard.edu)

Adult p107-null mice had elevated numbers of proliferating progenitor cells in their lateral ventricles. (rupress.org)
Neurons that arise in the adult nervous system originate from neural stem cells and neural progenitor cells. (elifesciences.org)
Studies using Xenopus cell-free extracts, oocytes, eggs, embryos, larval stages, and adult frogs have yielded important insights into a multitude of key biological processes-from mechanisms underlying the cell cycle to embryonic development to human disease. (cshlpress.com)
Scientists at Toronto University and the Toronto Western Research Institute of Canada managed to reduce some of the paralysis of rats with spinal cord injury with cells transplanted from adult mice brain cells. (sci-info-pages.com)
Brain cells from adult mice were implanted into the spinal cords of the rats at two and eight weeks after injury. (sci-info-pages.com)
These adult brain cells, neural precursor cells, can only evolve into cells of the nervous system. (sci-info-pages.com)
These adult mice brain cells, when implanted into the spinal cord, create a sheath (kind of insulation) around the nerve fibers - very much like the plastic insulation you find around electric cables in your home. (sci-info-pages.com)

Neural crest cells are precursors of APUDoma and neurogenic cells. (medscape.com)
During embryogenesis, most structures in the face in fact come from one cell type, called neural crest cells," says graduate student Juhee Jeong, first author of the paper in the April 15 Genes & Development . (harvard.edu)
The results also demonstrate that a famous signaling molecule, sonic hedgehog, is essential for neural crest cells to grow and form normal faces. (harvard.edu)
The story begins with the neural crest cells, a type of precursor cell unique to vertebrates. (harvard.edu)
Neural crest cells eventually form many parts of the head, pigment cells in the skin, and neurons in the peripheral nervous system. (harvard.edu)
In this case, the researchers used a neat genetic trick called a conditional knockout to shut down the signaling of sonic hedgehog only in the neural crest cells. (harvard.edu)
Other researchers in the McMahon lab had discovered Wnt1 turns on only in neural crest precursor cells just before they migrate from the dorsal neural tube. (harvard.edu)
Among their discoveries, the scientists found that neural crest cells - cells that are critical building blocks for the heart, face and jaw - contain temperature-sensitive properties. (neurosciencenews.com)
The researchers engineered a noninvasive magnet-based technology to create fever-like conditions in two specific temperature-sensitive ion channels called TRPV1 and TRPV4 in the neural crest cells involved in developing the heart and face. (neurosciencenews.com)
When those neural crest cells were subjected to conditions mimicking a transient fever, the embryos developed craniofacial irregularities and heart defects, including double outlet right ventricle, Tetralogy of Fallot and other outflow obstructions. (neurosciencenews.com)

In vitro neurosphere assays revealed striking increases in the number of neurosphere forming cells from p107 −/− brains that exhibited enhanced capacity for self-renewal. (rupress.org)
However, the exact relationship between neural stem cells and neurosphere-forming cells has been uncertain. (elifesciences.org)
The neurosphere-forming cells, named GEPCOT cells, were short-lived and highly proliferative in the brain. (elifesciences.org)

When cells pass from S to G 2 , the nuclei migrate toward the VZ surface where mitosis occurs. (jneurosci.org)
After mitosis, daughter cells can either remain proliferative and re-enter the cell cycle or become terminally postmitotic and migrate out of the VZ ( McConnell, 1995 ). (jneurosci.org)

Here we show a novel function for Retinoblastoma family member, p107 in controlling stem cell expansion in the mammalian brain. (rupress.org)
Yet, until the discovery of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology such studies were impossible. (rutgers.edu)
Scientists at Seoul National University, led by stem cell researcher Byeong-Chun Lee, successfully created a set of transgenic puppies: beagles which carry a red fluorescent gene from glowing sea anemones. (ebaumsworld.com)
Here we have used the induced pluripotent stem cell technology to produce patient-specific terminally differentiated GABA-ergic medium spiny neurons modeling a juvenile form of HD (HD76). (frontiersin.org)
Our goal is to decipher the highly diverse functions of vitamin A, its active derivatives (retinoic acids), and the corresponding nuclear receptors (RARs/RXRs), in neural development, aging, and in stem cell control. (igbmc.fr)
Advances in stem cell research and regenerative medicine have led to the potential use of stem cell therapies for neurodegenerative, developmental and acquired brain disease. (ca.gov)
New mRNA stem cell therapy, akin to COVID-19 vaccine tech, shows potential against chronic and acute liver diseases. (medindia.net)
Pre-GEPCOT cells could not form neurospheres but expressed the stem cell markers Slc1a3-CreER T , GFAP-CreER T2 , Sox2 CreERT2 , and Gli1 CreERT2 and were long-lived in vivo. (elifesciences.org)
The analysis of the signals controlling stem cell differentiation and reprogramming has recently drawn much attention, due to potential medical applications. (igbmc.fr)
Stem Cell Reports. (lu.se)
Are Stem Cell-Based Therapies for Parkinson's Disease Ready for the Clinic in 2016? (lu.se)
Based on discussions held by a global collaborative initiative on translation of stem cell therapy in Parkinson's disease, we have identified a set of key questions that we believe should be addressed ahead of every clinical stem cell-based transplantation trial in this disorder. (lu.se)
In this article, we first provide a short history of cell therapy in Parkinson's disease and briefly describe the current state-of-art regarding human stem cell-derived dopamine neurons for use in any patient trial. (lu.se)
With this background information as a foundation, we then discuss each of the key questions in relation to the upcoming therapeutic trial and critically assess if the time is ripe for clinical translation of parthenogenetic stem cell technology in Parkinson's disease. (lu.se)
Stem cell-based therapies for Parkinson's dis- ogy company International Stem Cell Corporation ease (PD) are rapidly moving towards clinical trials. (lu.se)
A second press release [2] has indicated stem cell source, resulting in widespread excitement that the program is planning to move forward very rapidly, with all of the patients being enrolled in the Correspondence to: Roger A. Barker, John van Geest Centre first quarter of 2016 and interim results being shared for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Univer- in October 2016. (lu.se)
One of the greatest controversies triggered tissue, a stem cell encoding for heart tissue by the rapid pace of evolution in biology, will eventually develop into heart tissue particularly in genomics and biotechnology, and so on. (who.int)
When the nucleus of a stem cell has been the technique of cloning. (who.int)
The con- is removed and replaced by a nucleus of cept of human cloning has long been in the another cell type, the stem cell will then imagination of many scientists, scholars and be reprogrammed to produce the product fiction writers [ 1 ]. (who.int)

Neural stem cells can also give rise to neural progenitor cells, which proliferate rapidly during their short lives and then 'differentiate' into neurons or glia. (elifesciences.org)

Although the reason for multiple transcriptional controls remains mysterious, researchers speculate that the mechanism might allow the same gene to be used for different purposes in different cells. (sciencedaily.com)
The discovery of TRF has been intriguing because for perhaps the last fifteen years we thought that the basal transcriptional machinery of the cell was essentially invariant," said Tjian, who is at the University of California, Berkeley. (sciencedaily.com)
Using this cell line, we have identified emetine as a specific inhibitor of HIF-2α protein stability and transcriptional activity. (aspetjournals.org)

Scattered cells, despite their placodal origin, differentiated into neuron or glial cells with a central phenotype. (unipv.it)
In vivo time course studies revealed the presence of ZIKV in apical radial glial cells (aRGCs) at early time points following virus exposure, while basal intermediate progenitor cells (bIPCs) became maximally (ZIKV + ) after 3 d of virus exposure. (eneuro.org)

Modulation of intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca 2+ ] i ) may be part of the signaling pathway by which both local environmental factors and cell autonomous developmental programs influence corticogenesis. (jneurosci.org)
The results of this study demonstrate strong immunomodulatory properties of SPC-01 cells based on inhibition of a major signaling pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
Canonical NF-κB pathway activation underlines much of the immune response after SCI including cytokine, chemokine, and apoptosis-related factor production as well as immune cell activation and infiltration. (biomedcentral.com)
Emetine-induced HIF-2α down-regulation was confirmed in three additional VHL-renal cancer cell lines, was insensitive to the prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor dimethyloxaloyl glycine, and did not require neural precursor cell expressed developmentally down-regulated-8, suggesting that emetine accesses a previously undescribed cullin-independent proteasome degradation pathway for HIF-2α. (aspetjournals.org)
Krieger JP, Asker M, Van der Velden P, Börchers S, Richard JE, Maric I, Longo F, Singh A, De Larigue G, Skibicka KP (2022) Neural pathway for gut feelings: vagal interoceptive feedback from the gastrointestinal tract is a critical modulator of anxiety-like behavior. (atsbio.com)

Despite increasing refinement of differentiation protocols and standardization of the transplanted neural precursors, the transcriptomic analysis of cells in the transplant after its full maturation in vivo has not been thoroughly investigated. (lu.se)

Earlier studies have shown that proliferation of endogenous neural precursor cells cannot alone compensate for the damage to neurons and axons. (medindia.net)
The researchers found that functional electrical stimulation can promote endogenous neural precursor cell proliferation in the brains of acute cerebral infarction rats, enhance expression of basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor, and improve the motor function of rats. (medindia.net)
Here we describe how microRNA-regulated lentiviral vectors can be used to visualize specific cell populations by exploiting endogenous microRNA expression patterns. (lu.se)

To reduce this heterogeneity, we generated engineered cerebral organoids (enCORs), which use a floating scaffold to increase the efficiency of neural induction and reduce heterogeneity. (researchsquare.com)

In contrast, pre-GEPCOT cells were quiescent, expressed higher Glast, and lower EGFR and PlexinB2. (elifesciences.org)
Neural stem cells have long lives, much of which they spend in a quiescent state. (elifesciences.org)
term pre-GEPCOT cells (based on an acronym of the markers used to isolate the cells), were long-lived and quiescent, but they lacked the ability to form colonies in culture. (elifesciences.org)

Importantly, we have achieved the development of a protocol that robustly generates interneuron-like progenitor cells from human ES cells and demonstrated that these progenitors mature in vitro and in vivo into GABAergic inhibitory interneurons with functional potential. (ca.gov)

However, studies on oligodendroglia Ca 2+ signal dynamics are still scarce, especially during myelin repair, and there are no software solutions to properly analyze the unique Ca 2+ signal characteristics in these cells. (biorxiv.org)

Optimization encompassed increasing MGE cell motility, enhancing MGE cell maturation into inhibitory nerve subtypes, and elimination of tumors post-transplantation into the rodent brain. (ca.gov)
Furthermore, we demonstrated that the injected hPSC-MGE cells functionally matured into inhibitory nerves with advanced physiological properties that integrated into the rodent brain. (ca.gov)

These cells arise from multipotent precursors or stem cells. (igbmc.fr)

Whether you're starting from primary cells, tissue samples, or pluripotent stem cells, explore our complete portfolio of products to support your neural culture workflow. (stemcell.com)
During the reporting period, we have developed methods to enable the optimization of inhibitory nerve precursor cell, or MGE cell, derivation from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). (ca.gov)
Since rodent models cannot recapitulate many of the human disease features, human induced pluripotent stem cells derived from Parkinson's patients have been used to generate brain organoids, greatly contributing to our understanding of the disease pathophysiology. (nature.com)
This strategy provides a useful tool for visualization and identification of neural progeny derived from human pluripotent stem cells. (lu.se)
However, current protocols for deriving neurons from human pluripotent stem cells give rise to heterogeneous cell populations both in regard to the temporal aspects and the cellular composition. (lu.se)
These strat- egies provide a robust way to visualize and isolate specific cell pop- ulations of differentiated pluripotent stem cells. (lu.se)
Undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells are pluripotent cells that can differentiate into various phenotypes and are a source of osteogenic Cells 1,2 . (bvsalud.org)

Grafted cells or their descendants were still present in the central nervous system more than a month after transplantation. (unipv.it)
Some cell types, particularly those in the central nervous system, expressed high levels of this protein and others had either very low levels or none at all. (sciencedaily.com)
Inactivating mutations of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL ) tumor suppressor gene are associated with inherited VHL syndrome, which is characterized by susceptibility to a variety of neoplasms, including central nervous system hemangioblastoma and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC). (aspetjournals.org)
The Breunig Laboratory is investigating the molecular mechanisms that govern the generation of the central nervous system from neural stem cells. (cedars-sinai.edu)
2002). In humans, SSEA4 is expressed by building the nervous system but also for their prospec- nonneural cells such as the erythrocytes (Kannagi et al. (lu.se)

Scientists at University Hospital Dusseldorf created organoids composed of neural tissue (i.e. mini-brains) that developed "optic cups", precursors to the retina. (ebaumsworld.com)

The latter findings point to the participation of Nogo-A/NgR1 signaling in the regulation of other aspects of growth, such as tissue expansion or turnover by cell proliferation. (jneurosci.org)
The researchers created 342 mini-brains using stem cells and pre-existing neural tissue, 72% of which sprouted optic cups. (ebaumsworld.com)
Using 3D scans of the real thing, doctors 3D-printed a "scaffolding" on which stem cells and a tissue sample were added before placing them in a bioreactor. (ebaumsworld.com)
This mouse model can be used to investigate the secretion of ER-resident proteins from specific cell and tissue types during disease pathogenesis and may aid in the identification of therapeutics and biomarkers of disease. (bvsalud.org)
Recent news of an impending clinical cell transplantation trial in Parkinson's disease using parthenogenetic stem cells as a source of donor tissue have raised hopes in the patient community and sparked discussion in the research community. (lu.se)

The have been applied to both the plant and ani- stem cells possess pluripotential charac- mal kingdoms without even stirring a ripple teristics, and can differentiate into various of concern in international conscience [ 2 ]. (who.int)

The researchers' work revealed that some of the molecular signals promoting neural growth also attract tumor cells. (stanford.edu)
Vestibular Schwannoma A vestibular schwannoma (acoustic neuroma) is a Schwann cell-derived tumor of the 8th cranial nerve. (msdmanuals.com)

Lineage specification of olfactory neural precursor cells depends on continuous cell interactions. (unipv.it)
Conclusions: This study showed that an osteoblastic cell lineage may be obtained from human bone marrow derived from adherent cells, and that the presence of the rhBMP-4 seems to have an effect during the first stages of differentiation only. (bvsalud.org)

To track differentiating cell populations, reporter cell lines generated by homologous recombination (knock-in) or via BAC transgenes have been widely used in mouse cells (5-8 ). (lu.se)

Transplanted cells either integrated as isolated cells or, during the first day after transplantation, reaggregated into clusters. (unipv.it)
Here, we elucidate the pattern of activation of NF-κB in the pathology of SCI in rats and investigate the effect of transplantation of spinal neural precursors (SPC-01) on its activity and related astrogliosis. (biomedcentral.com)
Transplantation of SCI-01 cells resulted in significant downregulation of TNF-α production at 10 and 14 days after SCI and in strong inhibition of p65 NF-κB activity at 28 days after SCI, mainly in the gray matter. (biomedcentral.com)
Transplantation of interneuron precursors therefore holds therapeutic potential for treatment of human neurological diseases involving an imbalance in circuit inhibition/excitation. (ca.gov)
Towards the therapeutic development of inhibitory neuron precursor transplantation for human neurological disorders, we have made significant progress in the differentiation of these cells from human ESCs and will complete optimization of this protocol. (ca.gov)
During this first year, we have made considerable headway in the optimization of the human interneuron precursor differentiation protocol, verified functional engraftment of these cells in mice, and begun to collect dose, safety and efficacy data for rodent-derived interneuron transplantation. (ca.gov)
Moreover, following injection of either the optimum dose or a 10-fold higher dose of mouse MGE cells, we found no detectable behavioral side effects from MGE cell transplantation. (ca.gov)

trnp: A conserved mammalian gene encoding a nuclear protein that accelerates cell-cycle progression. (nih.gov)
We're defining and analyzing the different cells that make up the mammalian brain to better understand how our brains work, how they develop, and what goes wrong in disease. (alleninstitute.org)

They originate in amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation (APUD) cells of the gastroenteropancreatic endocrine system and in adrenal or extra-adrenal neurogenic sites. (medscape.com)

Both intrinsic and extrinsic signals are likely to influence the proliferative potential and eventual fates of precursor cells within the VZ. (jneurosci.org)
This allows for the spread of electrical and chemical signals to cells within a defined radial compartment within the VZ. (jneurosci.org)

We transplanted, as a single cell suspension, cells dissociated from the mature and immature olfactory epithelium of rats or TgR(ROSA26)26Sor mice expressing constitutively the LacZ gene into the developing brain (cerebellum, striatum, inferior colliculus, lateral ventricles) of E15 rat fetuses. (unipv.it)
Prenatal exposure to Zika virus (ZIKV) can result in microencephaly and congenital Zika syndrome, although some brain cells and structures are spared by the virus for unknown reasons. (eneuro.org)
Characterizing and mapping brain cell types with unprecedented precision and scale. (alleninstitute.org)
How many brain cell types are there? (alleninstitute.org)
By cataloguing and genetically profiling cell types of the brain with incredible precision and detail, we are working to improve our fundamental understanding of brain development, evolution, and disease. (alleninstitute.org)
Zeng was chosen for her contributions to understanding the cells and connections of the brain. (alleninstitute.org)
Exploring the diversity of cell types in the brain using a variety of microscopy and image processing techniq ues. (alleninstitute.org)
Investigating the neuroanatomical architecture of the brain at the population and single cell level. (alleninstitute.org)
GWAS have identified numerous genes associated with human cognition but their cell type expression profiles in the human brain are unknown. (alleninstitute.org)
You can't really implant an electrode in the brain to answer this question because the resulting injury changes the behavior of the cells," Monje said. (stanford.edu)
The identification of undifferentiated pre-GEPCOT and GEPCOT cells will make it possible to directly study the properties of these cells inside the mouse brain, and to isolate live cells to test how they function. (elifesciences.org)
Dr. Michael Fehlings, lead researcher, said even some cells in the spinal cord itself could be used (rather than brain cells). (sci-info-pages.com)
The rats that received the brain cells two weeks after injury gained coordination on their hind legs and started to develop the ability to bear weight (on their back legs) - they did not start walking normally. (sci-info-pages.com)
The rats that received the brain cells eight weeks after injury experienced no improvement in their paralysis. (sci-info-pages.com)
To understand the multifaced aspects of Parkinson's disease, it may be desirable to expand the complexity of these models, to include different brain regions, vasculature, immune cells as well as additional diverse organ-specific organoids such as gut and intestine. (nature.com)
The new paper , appearing in Cell , asks why high-grade gliomas -- cancers like DIPG and glioblastoma -- often metastasize to a specific part of the brain. (stanford.edu)
Further experiments showed that silencing brain cells in the locus coeruleus that project to the basolateral amygdala reduced anxiety behaviors in the colitis mice. (atsbio.com)
Studies suggest that in the brain, it helps direct the movement (migration) of nerve cells (neurons) during early development. (medlineplus.gov)
When these protein fragments are released from the cell, they can accumulate in the brain and form clumps called amyloid plaques. (medlineplus.gov)

Cells derived from bone marrow can undergo osteoinduction in vitro in the absence of osteoinductive factors such as bone morphogenetic proteins. (bvsalud.org)

They don't have eight legs, but they have spider DNA in every single one of their cells and, more importantly, produce spider-silk proteins in their milk that visible and can be collected as the real mccoy. (ebaumsworld.com)
With electrical magnetic waves coupled with engineered ion channel proteins, we are able to impact specific biological cells remotely without affecting other biochemical environments," Liu said. (neurosciencenews.com)
Researchers speculate that it may bind to other proteins on the surface of cells or help cells attach to one another. (medlineplus.gov)
Objective: This study evaluated the osteogenic induction of human bone marrow cells by human recombinant bone morphogenetic protein-4 (rhBMP-4) and proteins released by Saos-2 (human osteosarcoma cell line). (bvsalud.org)

Primary antibodies are available for the characterization of neural stem cells, neural progenitor cells and their progeny. (stemcell.com)

J Cell Biol (2004) 166 (6): 853-863. (rupress.org)
DNA Cell Biol, 2006 Jun. (nih.gov)
Mol Cell Biol. (jax.org)

Researchers at Sichuan University have developed a way to manufacture ears INSIDE mice by injecting them with a "bio-ink" made of hydrogel particles and cartilage cells and then shining ear-shaped light patters onto the injection site. (ebaumsworld.com)
In recent years, researchers have seen clues that nerve cell activity could promote the growth of myelin insulation. (stanford.edu)
By directly stimulating the neurons with light, the researchers were able to show it was the activation of the neurons that prompted the myelin-forming cells to respond. (stanford.edu)

Deep learning can predict survival directly from histology in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. (cdc.gov)

Therefore, to really understand ASD, we need to study developmental processes like proliferation, migration, and differentiation in human neural cells derived from individuals with idiopathic ASD. (rutgers.edu)
Fascinatingly, despite the heterogeneity of ASD, all 6 patients in our cohort had reductions in neurite outgrowth and cell migration when compared to unaffected individuals. (rutgers.edu)
During this time, precursor cells undergo interkinetic nuclear migration ( Seymour and Berry, 1975 ) in which cells in the DNA synthetic S phase have their nuclei in the upper third of the VZ. (jneurosci.org)
We compared alternative procedures by testing MGE marker expression, and we developed additional tests to measure cell division and migration of MGE cell made from hESCs. (ca.gov)

A major challenge in developmental biology is to understand how cell diversity is generated and how cells interact to build the sophisticated metazoan architecture. (igbmc.fr)
Members of the frog Xenopus genus are versatile model organisms used in developmental biology, cell biology, neuroscience, and toxicology research, among others. (cshlpress.com)
The technique can be applied to study many different cell types and their roles at various developmental stages. (neurosciencenews.com)
Development: For advances in developmental biology and stem cells. (lu.se)

Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) triggers a chain of events that is accompanied by an inflammatory reaction leading to necrotic cell death at the core of the injury site, which is restricted by astrogliosis and apoptotic cell death in the surrounding areas. (biomedcentral.com)

and regulation of cell population proliferation. (nih.gov)

The biosynthesis and storage of catecholamines in chromaffin cell tumors may differ from the biosynthesis and storage in the normal medulla. (medscape.com)
The tumors are neurofibromas, which develop from nerve sheaths and consist of mixtures of Schwann cells, fibroblasts, neural cells, and mast cells. (msdmanuals.com)

Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling of the human interactome. (nih.gov)
The Allen Institute for Cell Science is focused on exploring and understanding human cells - the incredibly complex building blocks of our bodies. (alleninstitute.org)
Mutations in the VHL gene are also found in the majority of sporadic clear cell renal carcinoma, the most common malignant neoplasm of the human kidney. (aspetjournals.org)
The goal of the research in progress here is to ultimately prepare human interneuron precursors for clinical trials. (ca.gov)
These dosing and safety data will then serve as the baseline for comparison with human interneuron precursors and inform design of preclinical studies of these cells in immunosuppressed mice. (ca.gov)
Together, these data will provide essential information for developing a plan for clinical trials using human interneuron precursors. (ca.gov)
As we continue to optimize our ES cell differentiation protocol, these primary interneuron precursors will enable initial human cell dose response and behavior experiments and, along with rodent-derived cells, will provide important baseline measures. (ca.gov)
The experiments underway will yield insights that will be critical to the development of a clinical trial using human interneuron precursors. (ca.gov)
If cells from the paralyzed human patient could be transplanted, we may eventually have an effective treatment. (sci-info-pages.com)
2005). Notch1 and syndecan-1 potent human embryonic stem (ES) cells. (lu.se)
CD133+), but are rarely codetected with the neural stem dents, very few human-specific NSC markers have been cell (NSC) marker CD15. (lu.se)
Without this, the patient cells lost in PD could be replaced by grafted community is left trying to interpret complex scien- immature human dopaminergic neurons [3, 5]. (lu.se)
Although possible, these strategies are often complicated to transfer to human cells due to technical issues (9 ), and only a few successful cases have been described ( 10, 11 ). (lu.se)
Here we describe how this system can be used for human embry- onic stem cells. (lu.se)
Unicellular for those cells that are derived from human organisms are primed to replicate (clone) pre-embryos, which seem to have a high themselves by nature. (who.int)
Study design: Osteoinduction in the presence or absence of Saos-2 and/or rhBMP-4 was evaluated in cultured human bone marrow cells. (bvsalud.org)
As human osteosarcoma cells are a source of additional growth they did not affect osteoinduction. (bvsalud.org)
Osteoblasts were obtained from human bone marrow cells even in the absence of growth factors and showed a typical morphology. (bvsalud.org)

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a life-threate- disorders and to shed a light on the role of ning blistering skin disease in which pa- mast cells in autoimmune diseases [ 7 ]. (who.int)

Our studies of specific retinoid receptors and bioactive metabolites in control of diverse biological processes should contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying development and function of specific cell types and relevant neural circuits. (igbmc.fr)
We also investigate mechanisms of glial cell development and biology to elaborate regenerative medicine approaches in multiple sclerosis . (igbmc.fr)

The Alvarez-Buylla lab at UCSF is part of a collaboration that is pioneering the investigation of therapeutic interneuron replacement for the correction of neurological disorders arising from defects in neural excitation/inhibition. (ca.gov)

Cancerous cells undergo major changes in lipid metabolism, meaning that lipids play a major role in the proliferation of cancerous tumours. (sanbio.nl)

Without altering HIF-2α mRNA level, emetine rapidly and dramatically down-regulated HIF-2α protein expression in 786-O cells. (aspetjournals.org)
Conditional deletion of the Bmi-1 polycomb protein depleted pre-GEPCOT and GEPCOT cells, though pre-GEPCOT cells were more dependent upon Bmi-1 for Cdkn2a ( p16 Ink4a ) repression. (elifesciences.org)
To monitor cell-type specific exodosis in the intact animal, we created a transgenic mouse line with a Gaussia luciferase (GLuc)-based, secreted ER calcium-modulated protein, SERCaMP, preceded by a LoxP-STOP-LoxP (LSL) sequence. (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy62

Organisms21

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs85

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment27

Phenomena and Processes53

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Fetal11

Subventricular zone8

NPCs13

Cortical4

Oligodendrocyte5

Neuronal12

Amyloid precurs7

Embryonic stem6

Neurons and glia2

Neurogenesis3

Pathways3

NSCs5

Plasticity5

Regulate4

Tissues5

Regulates1

Adult7

Crest10

Neurosphere formi3

Migrate2

Stem cell19

Rise to neural1

Transcriptional3

Glial cells2

Pathway5

Transcriptomic1

Endogenous3

Cerebral1

Quiescent3

Progenitor cells from human1

Dynamics1

Rodent brain2

Multipotent1

Pluripotent7

Nervous system5

Retina1

Tissue5

Differentiate1

Tumor2

Lineage2

Populations1

Transplantation7

Mammalian2

Originate1

Signals2

Brain19

Vitro1

Proteins4

Characterization1

Biol3

Researchers3

Clear cell renal cell carc1

Migration4

Developmental4

Spinal1

Regulation1

Tumors2

Human18

Mast cells1

Mechanisms2

Defects1

Undergo1

Protein3