• Our results demonstrate that we can excite specific neurons expressing ChR2 while simultaneously monitoring G-CaMP fluorescence in several other neurons, making it possible to rapidly decipher functional connections in C. elegans neural circuits. (nature.com)
  • To make a direct and principled connection between the SI waveform and underlying neural dynamics, we developed a biophysically realistic computational SI model that contained excitatory and inhibitory neurons in supragranular and infragranular layers. (jneurosci.org)
  • Induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) of the synaptic connection between two hippocampal glutamatergic neurons in a neural network formed in cell culture resulted in a specific pattern of potentiation at other connections within the network. (jneurosci.org)
  • In the present study, we used cultures of dissociated hippocampal neurons to characterize the spread of LTP in defined neural networks. (jneurosci.org)
  • Rather than connecting electrodes to neurons or muscles, Edgerton attaches his neural bridge to electrodes on the outside membrane of the severed spinal cord. (technologyreview.com)
  • By turning neurons 'on' and 'off' using optogenetic and pharmacogenetic approaches, we can identify groups of cortical neurons that are both necessary and sufficient for specific neural computations. (berkeley.edu)
  • The second goal of the lab is to develop new high-speed and spatially precise optical approaches to manipulate neural activity at the level of single neurons in the intact brains of awake, behaving animals to decipher the neural code that underlies sensory perception. (berkeley.edu)
  • Direct exposure of saliva or neural tissue to wound or mucous membrane. (cdc.gov)
  • Indirect exposure to saliva or neural tissue to wound or mucous membrane, includes unidentified exposures from 1995 to 2000. (cdc.gov)
  • A remarkable feature of lipid membranes is their fluidity, which allows them to self-heal, bend, and flow. (aps.org)
  • TMF1‐regulated nuclear protein 1 (Trnp1) has been shown to exert potent roles in neural development affecting neural stem cell self‐renewal and brain folding, but its molecular function in the nucleus is still unknown. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Such selective propagation suggests the existence of a long-range cytoplasmic signaling within the presynaptic neuron, leading to a specific pattern of coordinated potentiation along excitatory pathways in a neural network. (jneurosci.org)
  • These results imply the existence of a long-range cytoplasmic signaling within the presynaptic neuron and add a new dimension to activity-induced synaptic modification at the network level that bears direct implications to developmental remodeling and learning functions of the neural network. (jneurosci.org)
  • The neural circuit for touch sensitivity in Caenorhabditis elegans . (nature.com)
  • The spectrin-based membrane skeleton is asymmetric and remodels during neural development in C. elegans . (bvsalud.org)
  • Neural stem cells (NSCs) are undifferentiated neural cells with the capacity for long-term self-renewal and for differentiation into all types of neuronal and glial cells. (sanbio.nl)
  • It is a precursor of membrane phospholipids (e.g., phosphatidylcholine (PC)), the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, and via betaine, the methyl group donor S -adenosylmethionine. (mdpi.com)
  • Phospholipids and the steroid compound cholesterol are major components of the membrane that surrounds each cell. (rincondelvago.com)
  • However, we lack information on the lateral movement of extracellular membrane proteins located at the cell-fluid interface. (aps.org)
  • Trnp1 interacts with factors located in several nuclear membrane‐less organelles, the nucleolus, nuclear speckles, and condensed chromatin. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Thus, we identified Trnp1 as a novel regulator of several nuclear membrane‐less compartments, a function important to maintain cells in a self‐renewing proliferative state. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • What are neural stem cells (NSCs), neural progenitors, and neural precursors (NPCs)? (sanbio.nl)
  • These findings strongly support the view that signatures of tactile detection are present in human SI and are mediated by local neural dynamics induced by lamina-specific synaptic drive. (jneurosci.org)
  • The mechanisms of compensation are diverse, including regulated changes to synaptic size, synaptic strength, and ion channel function in the plasma membrane. (nih.gov)
  • By complementing our in vivo work with detailed analysis of synaptic connectivity and network dynamics in vitro, we hope to arrive at a more complete understanding for how neural circuits in our brain support sensation, cognition, and action. (berkeley.edu)
  • Neural tube defects are a certain type of birth defect of the brain, spine, and/or spinal cord. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Surgery usually is needed to close neural tube defects. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Neural Progenitor Cells Derived from XCL-1 DCXp-GFP are a neuronal lineage reporter cell line that can be used in neuronal differentiation and drug screening. (atcc.org)
  • Rupture of axons and neural cell membranes also occurs. (medscape.com)
  • and increasing neural cell growth/arborization. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • Like lipids, proteins are an important constituent of the cell membrane. (rincondelvago.com)
  • Small amounts of carbohydrates also occur in cell membranes, but, in contrast to plants and many invertebrate animals, humans have little structural carbohydrate in their bodies. (rincondelvago.com)
  • However, such heterotopic transplants, although capable of alleviating symptoms that benefit from neurotransmitter supplementation, do not re-establish the natural homeostatic regulation of neural activity in the brain and dramatically limit the cell/circuitry replacement strategy to practically only PD. (hindawi.com)
  • They generate analog electrical pulses in which the voltage potential varies between -40mV and -70mV at the cell membrane. (technologyreview.com)
  • Membranes circulate in response to flows in the water surrounding them, but cell membranes are reinforced by a cytoskeletal network of protein filaments which modifies their fluid properties, making their behavior complex and challenging to predict. (aps.org)
  • Cell flow responses regulate diverse processes such as blood pressure, bone density, and neural growth. (aps.org)
  • The three nutrients in his dietary cocktail - uridine, choline and the omega-3 fatty acid DHA (all normally present in breast milk) - are precursors to the fatty molecules that make up brain cell membranes, which form synapses. (eurekalert.org)
  • We trained deep neural networks (DNNs) to mimic the I/O behavior of a detailed nonlinear model of a layer 5 cortical pyramidal cell, receiving rich spatio-temporal patterns of input synapse activations. (biorxiv.org)
  • The precise regulation of neural excitability is essential for proper nerve cell, neural circuit, and nervous system function. (nih.gov)
  • A model of neural homeostasis suggests that information about cell activity, cell size, and innervation is fed into a system of cellular monitors. (nih.gov)
  • C ) Histogram representing the percentage of embryos lacking fluorescent neural crest cell in the migration pathway. (elifesciences.org)
  • Neural progenitors are precursor cells able to further differentiate into various neuronal and glial cells. (sanbio.nl)
  • Advances in tissue preparation and imaging technologies have allowed researchers to collect vast amounts of targeted structural data, potentially enabling new multi-resolution, multi-modal studies of neural volumes. (springer.com)
  • Here, novel technology has been developed that allows for the implantation of neural constructs or intact pieces of neural tissue into the CNS with low trauma. (hindawi.com)
  • Also, they can clump together or agglomerate, which can affect their potential for settling in the lungs if inhaled, their ability to penetrate the body's membranes and consequently move from the lungs to other organs, and their interaction with cells and tissue. (cdc.gov)
  • Neurexins are type I membrane proteins that can be classified into two types, α-NRXNs and β-NRXNs. (selfgrowth.com)
  • They differ in the expression of transcription factors and plasma membrane proteins. (sanbio.nl)
  • To download a certificate of analysis for Neural Progenitor Cells Derived from XCL-1 DCXp-GFP ( ACS-5005 ), enter the lot number exactly as it appears on your product label or packing slip. (atcc.org)
  • The certificate of analysis for that lot of Neural Progenitor Cells Derived from XCL-1 DCXp-GFP ( ACS-5005 ) is not currently available online. (atcc.org)
  • Loud noise can damage cells and membranes in the cochlea. (cdc.gov)
  • Indigenous cells rarely regenerate across the adult CNS, and neural circuitry reconstruction is made difficult by the fact that the adult CNS expresses molecules, that inhibit axonal growth, and/or fails to express precise gradients of growth-promoting cues that would stimulate/direct axonal growth [ 1 - 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • D ) Photographs of representative embryos with or without fluorescent migrating neural crest cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • Each injection was compared to RFP injected in control embryos in which RFP positive cranial neural crest cells have successfully migrated into the branchial and hyoid arches (0% inhibition). (elifesciences.org)
  • Nevus cells are derived from the neural crest. (medscape.com)
  • These cells migrate to the skin and oral mucous membranes during embryogenesis. (medscape.com)
  • A ) Western blot from total membrane extracted from 10 embryos at gastrula stage (Stage 10) and early tailbud stage (Stage 20) detected using mAb2F4. (elifesciences.org)
  • In his lab at the University of California, Los Angeles, V. Reggie Edgerton is developing an electronic neural bridge, one that helps impulses jump from one side of a severed spinal cord to the other to take advantage of neural "circuitry" that remains intact even after it's been cut off from the brain. (technologyreview.com)
  • These data are evidence for homeostatic regulatory systems that control neural excitability. (nih.gov)
  • Artificial neural membrane (ANM) refers to a new class of functional structure developed through research adaptive and evolutionary neural networks and programmable materials. (wikipedia.org)
  • Artificial neural membrane technology development has been funded by the NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts, for application to flapping wing flight. (wikipedia.org)
  • To segment and analyze this variety of microscopy techniques, different methods have been employed from purely manual segmentation to sophisticated deep convolutional neural networks. (springer.com)
  • Edgerton has been working on a system that employs preëxisting abilities of the spinal cord: neural pathways that, after an injury, may be blocked but don't disappear. (technologyreview.com)
  • Symmetric division of NSCs maintains the population of undifferentiated NSCs, while asymmetric division gives rise to neural progenitors. (sanbio.nl)
  • Here, we proposed a new perspective of intestinal microbiota - neural mitochondria interaction as a communicating channel from gut to brain, which could help to extend the vision of gut-brain axis regulation and provide additional research directions on treatment and prevention of responsive neurological disorders. (frontiersin.org)
  • Therefore, considering the common ancestries, similar mechanisms, similar goals, and similar structures between gut microbiota and mitochondria ( Franco-Obregon and Gilbert, 2017 ), is it possible that neural mitochondria are direct targets of intestinal microflora and function as key mediators regulating gut-brain interaction? (frontiersin.org)
  • By "laying out" (instead of forcibly expelling) the implantable material from a thin walled glass capillary, this technology has the potential to enhance neural transplantation procedures by reducing trauma to the host brain during implantation and allowing for the implantation of engineered/dissected tissues or constructs in such a way that their orientation and integrity are maintained in the host. (hindawi.com)
  • We emphasize the performance enhancement at the potential cost of brain plasticity that is associated with the neural ramifications of nootropic drugs in the healthy developing brain. (frontiersin.org)
  • Our lab is also developing a suite of novel optical and genetic approaches to manipulate neural circuits in the intact brain and at far greater resolution than is possible with current techniques. (berkeley.edu)
  • Sometimes the neural tube does not develop normally, which may affect the brain, spinal cord, and meninges. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Figure 1: Challenges facing an all-optical interrogation of neural circuits. (nature.com)
  • Destruction or damage to neural circuits in the adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) is notoriously difficult to repair. (hindawi.com)
  • Staining with mAb 2F4 ( B ) clearly shows a membrane staining while DAPI stains the nuclei ( C ). ( D ) Wholemount immunostaining of tailbud stage embryo fixed in DENTS (20% DMSO 80% Methanol) using mAb 2F4. (elifesciences.org)
  • We use model membranes, microfluidics and microscopy to investigate how fundamental properties of supported membranes change when flow is applied to them. (aps.org)
  • That work demonstrated that if graphene were used in a multi-layer membrane, the adhesion between the layers of the membrane would be extremely strong. (ieee.org)
  • Unlike learning methods, our Flexible Learning-free Reconstruction of Imaged Neural volumes (FLoRIN) pipeline exploits structure-specific contextual clues and requires no training. (springer.com)
  • These atomically thin, porous graphene membranes represent a new class of ideal molecular sieves, where gas transport occurs through pores which have a thickness and diameter on the atomic scale," says Colorado mechanical engineering professor Scott Bunch in a university press release . (ieee.org)
  • Recent studies have identified neural mitochondrial dysfunction as a critical pathogenic factor for the onset and progress of multiple neurological disorders, in which the non-negligible role of altered gut flora composition was increasingly noticed. (frontiersin.org)
  • Direct compression of neural elements by bone fragments, disc material, and ligaments damages both the central and peripheral nervous systems. (medscape.com)
  • We examined cortical correlates of somatosensory perception in human SI by combining MEG and computational neural modeling. (jneurosci.org)
  • To provide a framework for understanding the MEG signal and SI neural correlates of perception, we developed a realistic laminar network model. (jneurosci.org)
  • The goal of our laboratory is to reveal the neural basis of perception. (berkeley.edu)
  • Had she perceived the yellow paper through direct exposure to her subcutaneous neural network? (wordswithoutborders.org)
  • We show that this model is analytically solvable, and we investigate how passive and active membrane properties control the discharge. (mit.edu)
  • Then, based on the improved BP neural network method, the mapping relationship between the actual measured value of the sensor, weather and other influencing factors, and the standard value of the monitoring station is established, and the calibration model of air particulate matter is realized. (hindawi.com)
  • Finally, through theoretical analysis and experimental comparison, the results show that the model based on BP neural network algorithm has good accuracy and generalization ability in the evaluation of air particulate index, which makes it possible to scientifically and accurately refine the evaluation and management of urban air particulate index. (hindawi.com)
  • The experimental results show that the air particle calibration model based on the light scattering method and improved BP neural network algorithm is practical and effective. (hindawi.com)
  • Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. (nih.gov)
  • Predicted to be integral component of plasma membrane. (nih.gov)
  • While still a long way off from industrial use, the membranes do possess mechanical properties that should prove beneficial in natural gas production. (ieee.org)
  • In that work, scientists used computer simulation to show that nanoporous graphene could replace membrane materials currently used in the reverse osmosis water desalination processes. (ieee.org)
  • Red-shifted optogenetic excitation: a tool for fast neural control derived from Volvox carteri . (nature.com)
  • Damage to the inner ear or auditory neural system is generally permanent. (cdc.gov)
  • Many studies shown that neurological diseases are associated with neural mitochondrial dysfunctions and microbiome composition alterations. (frontiersin.org)
  • In animal studies, Wurtman has shown that these nutrients boost the number of dendritic spines (small outcroppings of neural membranes). (eurekalert.org)