• For visually guided saccades, neurons in the superior colliculus (SC) emit a burst of spikes to register the appearance of stimulus, and many of the same neurons discharge another burst to initiate the eye movement. (bvsalud.org)
  • These results demonstrate that statistical features in neural activity of simultaneously recorded ensembles provide more insight than single neurons. (bvsalud.org)
  • For visually guided eye movements, neural signatures in the form of spiking activity of neurons have been extensively studied along the dorsoventral axis of the superior colliculus (SC). (bvsalud.org)
  • Neurons in the SMA project directly to the spinal cord and may play a role in the direct control of movement. (wikipedia.org)
  • In anticipation of each saccade, many neurons in the visual system shift their receptive fields. (duke.edu)
  • We previously showed that macaque caudal intraparietal (CIP) area neurons possess robust 3D visual representations, carry choice- and saccade-related activity, and exhibit experience-dependent sensorimotor associations (Chang et al. (elifesciences.org)
  • Here, we challenge that unified view with convergent anatomical and physiological results from rhesus macaques. (nature.com)
  • To produce goal-directed eye movements known as saccades, we must channel sensory input from our environment through a process known as sensorimotor transformation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Sensorimotor associations between 3D orientation and saccade direction preferences were stronger in CIP than V3A, and moderated by choice signals in both areas. (elifesciences.org)
  • The frontal eye fields (FEFs) participate in both working memory and sensorimotor transformations for saccades, but their role in integrating these functions through time remains unclear. (eneuro.org)
  • Spiking activity along the dorsoventral axis was recorded with a laminar probe as Rhesus monkeys generated saccades to the same stimulus location in tasks that require either executive control to delay saccade onset until permission is granted or the production of an immediate response to a target whose onset is predictable. (bvsalud.org)
  • We therefore compared amplitude levels and onset times of both spike bursts and LFP modulations recorded simultaneously with a laminar probe along the dorsoventral axis of SC in 3 male monkeys performing the visually guided delayed saccade task. (bvsalud.org)
  • We trained monkeys of both sexes to make difficult decisions about the net direction of visual motion under conditions that required trial-by-trial control of functional connectivity. (jneurosci.org)
  • Using electrical stimulation to evoke saccades from the dorsomedial frontal cortex (DMFC) and frontal eye fields (FEF) of rhesus monkeys, parametric tests were conducted to compare the excitability properties of these regions. (duke.edu)
  • Although macaque monkeys are widely used to study the neural basis of higher cognitive function, they may not be an ideal nonhuman primate model for studying the neural basis of social cognition as laboratory studies of social behavior are challenging due to their size and aggression toward conspecifics. (elifesciences.org)
  • In essence, the anterior cingulate cortex identifies the potential conflict, and the prefrontal cortex controls behavior vigilantly, overriding unsuitable inclinations, in response to these conflicts. (sicotests.com)
  • Together, the results explicate parallel representations, hierarchical transformations, and functional associations of visual and saccade-related signals at a key juncture in the 'where' pathway. (elifesciences.org)
  • While much is known about the neural circuits that process sensory information and those that form decisions, less is known about the mechanisms that establish the functional linkage between them. (jneurosci.org)
  • It shows how variations of the same types of neural circuits that can store lyrics or melodies can be used to oscillate with a beat. (frontiersin.org)
  • Here, we aimed to identify the neural circuits involved in social interaction observation in marmosets using ultra-high-field (9.4 T) fMRI in fully awake animals. (elifesciences.org)
  • Possible functions attributed to the SMA include the postural stabilization of the body, the coordination of both sides of the body such as during bimanual action, the control of movements that are internally generated rather than triggered by sensory events, and the control of sequences of movements. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here, we tracked FEF spatial codes through time using a novel analytic method applied to the classic memory-delay saccade task. (eneuro.org)
  • Taken together, our data support the existence of a pursuit system for auditory head-tracking, which would suggest the presence of a neural representation of a spatial auditory fovea (AF). (eneuro.org)
  • A neural network architecture models how humans learn and consciously perform musical lyrics and melodies with variable rhythms and beats, using brain design principles and mechanisms that evolved earlier than human musical capabilities, and that have explained and predicted many kinds of psychological and neurobiological data. (frontiersin.org)
  • The current article complements these contributions by developing a neural model of the brain mechanisms that regulate how humans consciously perceive, learn, and perform music. (frontiersin.org)
  • Our results support the existence of an auditory pursuit system (APS), and we discuss its implications for the neural mechanisms that represent and track moving sounds. (eneuro.org)
  • An unresolved issue is whether moving sounds are processed by neural mechanisms tuned to continuous motion, or by a snapshot position-localization mechanism. (eneuro.org)
  • Sometimes, individuals need to monitor and control their behavior carefully--driving in difficult conditions or speaking to fragile people. (sicotests.com)
  • Individuals should be particularly inclined to control their behavior and inhibit their inclinations. (sicotests.com)
  • The subject, a rhesus monkey, must determine the net direction of dynamic random dots, only a fraction of which are informative at any moment. (jneurosci.org)
  • Effective spread and timecourse of neural inactivation caused by lidocaine injection in monkey cerebral cortex. (duke.edu)
  • We studied the effective spread of lidocaine to inactivate neural tissue in the frontal cortex of the rhesus monkey. (duke.edu)
  • LFP responses in the gamma band discriminated reliably between saccade targets and distractors inside the receptive field (RF). (mit.edu)
  • Since our analytic method is based on fitting neural activity against variable behavioral errors, this suggests that such errors accumulate during the memory delay, and further escalate during the final memory-to-motor transformation. (eneuro.org)
  • Compensatory saccades made to remembered targets following orbital displacement by electrically stimulating the dorsomedial frontal cortex or frontal eye fields of primates. (duke.edu)
  • The supplementary motor area (SMA) is a part of the motor cortex of primates that contributes to the control of movement. (wikipedia.org)
  • Electrically evoked saccades from the dorsomedial frontal cortex and frontal eye fields: a parametric evaluation reveals differences between areas. (duke.edu)
  • C, Mean fractional anisotropy (FA) values for the fibers connecting the thalamus with the motor cortex (M1) and thalamus with the supplementary motor area (SMA) for each patient and the mean of the healthy controls. (jamanetwork.com)
  • Significance Statement It has often been suggested that oscillations in neural activity might serve a role in routing information appropriately. (jneurosci.org)
  • Despite its proven value, LFP activity has not been extensively tested in the macaque lateral intraparietal area (LIP), which has been implicated in a wide variety of cognitive control processes. (mit.edu)
  • We treated neural population codes as a continuous spatiotemporal variable by dividing the space spanning T and G into intermediate T - G models and dividing the task into discrete steps through time. (eneuro.org)
  • Intriguingly, the time course of saccade-related activity in CIP aligned with the temporally integrated V3A output. (elifesciences.org)
  • A promising nonhuman primate model for investigating the neural basis of social interaction observation is the common marmoset ( Callithrix jacchus ), a small New World primate that shares a rich social repertoire with humans. (elifesciences.org)
  • Alpha and beta responses were much less strongly affected by the presence of a saccade target, however, but rose sharply in the waiting period before the go signal. (mit.edu)
  • We observe an oscillation in neural firing rate in the lateral intraparietal area consistent with such a role. (jneurosci.org)
  • In contrast, substantial intracollicular processing likely results in a saccade-related spike burst that leads LFP modulation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Visual feedback provides the positional error and retinal slip velocity, needed to realign the fovea with the target through corrective saccades and smooth pursuit. (eneuro.org)
  • The same network design that controls walking, running, and finger tapping also generates beats and the urge to move with a beat. (frontiersin.org)
  • Our findings suggest that this network is largely conserved between New and Old World primates and support the use of marmosets for studying the neural basis of social cognition. (elifesciences.org)
  • We investigated whether the neural signatures of sensation and action in SC depend on context. (bvsalud.org)
  • Current knowledge of coordinated motor control of multiple muscles is derived primarily from invasive stimulation-recording techniques in animal models. (duke.edu)