There is no genetic impetus to have us live a long time and become a drain on the system, and thus there is no evolutionary pressure for humans to change from Neu5GC to Neu5AC. (oneradionetwork.com)
We show that hemagglutination involves selective recognition of the non-human sialic acid N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) but not N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), which differs by only one oxygen atom from Neu5Gc. (nih.gov)
As a first step, we show that transcripts of CMAH (which generates Neu5Gc from Neu5Ac) are at very low levels in Western dog breed cells. (nih.gov)
It is concluded that the receptor for EMC-D virus on BMP cells is a sialylated glycoprotein, and virus binding involves Neu5Ac, and possibly Neu5Gc, but not N-linked sugars. (mun.ca)
The sialic acid (Sia) N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) and its hydroxylated derivative N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) differ by one oxygen atom. (nuigalway.ie)
CMP-Neu5Gc is synthesized from CMP-Neu5Ac, with Neu5Gc representing a highly variable fraction of total Sias in various tissues and among different species. (nuigalway.ie)
The exception may be the brain, where Neu5Ac is abundant and Neu5Gc is reported to be rare. (nuigalway.ie)
Synthetic polymers of Neu5Ac and Neu5Gc showed that mammalian and bacterial sialidases are much less able to hydrolyze alpha 2-8-linked Neu5Gc at the nonreducing terminus. (nuigalway.ie)
Sialic1
A cooperative and competitive interaction between multiple enzymes, cell lines, and cell culture conditions causes processing of the oligosaccharide structure during which some of the already attached moieties like mannose are trimmed to yield a fiveâ residue core (Man3GlcNAc2), to which N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), fucose, galactose, and N-acetylneuraminic acid (sialic acid or Neu5Ac) residues get added in a probabilistic fashion. (chromatographyonline.com)
Acid4
CMP-β-D- N -Acetlylneuraminic acid (CMP-Neu5Ac) is a nucleotide sugar and the donor substrate for eukaryotic and prokaryotic sialyltransferases. (biolog.de)
For application, we chose, as an industrially relevant model system, the 12-step synthesis of N-acetyl neuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), a precursor of antiviral drugs such as Zanamivir®, from cheap starting materials such as glucose (Glc) and N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc) (see figure 1). (europa.eu)
We have developed novel methods for large-scale production of N -acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) and N -acetyl-D-mannosamine (ManNAc). (go.jp)
In this work, a neoteric sandwich-type biosensor was developed for detecting ?2,3-sial-Gs using 4-mercaptophenylboronic acid (4-MPBA) to construct a novel molecular recognition system by the coordination of a boron atom of 4-MPBA to the amide group of Neu5Ac in the ?2,3-sial-Gs structure. (americanelements.com)
GlcNAc1
For the production of Neu5Ac, we constructed two methods (chemoenzymatic synthesis and enzymation) from N -acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) and pyruvate as substrates with N -acetylneuraminate lyase (Neu5Ac lyase) as a catalyst. (go.jp)
Lyase1
It was characterized that Neu5Ac cleaved to ManNAc and pyruvate by Neu5Ac lyase on the anion exchange resin for accomplishing the complete cleavage of Neu5Ac. (go.jp)
Synthetase2
Of the four proteins invested in some detail (green fluorescent protein (GFP), red fluorescent protein (RFP), Neu5Ac synthetase NeuB, Neu5Ac synthetase SiaC), 3 showed identical specific activities when expressed from the re-coded gene as when expressed from an ACA-free gene, and one (RFP) showed a slightly reduced specific activity. (europa.eu)
Survival ratios were evaluated by one-way ANOVA with Bonferronis multiple-comparison test (**, mutants that lack CMP-Neu5Ac synthetase activity to sialylate their LOS. (palomid529.com)
ManNAc2
On the other hand, we also established a novel method for the ManNAc production from Neu5Ac. (go.jp)
These methods are simple and easy, and fit for the large-scale production of Neu5Ac and ManNAc in industry, so that they may be used as raw ingredients for pharmaceuticals. (go.jp)
Receptor1
Chromatofocusing studies on these proteins confirmed that the putative virus receptor contains Neu5Ac. (mun.ca)
Galactose1
and may link Neu5Ac towards the terminal galactose added by Lic2A on HepIII. (palomid529.com)
The difference between Neu5Ac and Neu5Gc: 1 oxygen atom (in green). (medscape.com)
Then along came a pre-human with a CMAH gene changed from making a cell surface sugar-protein called Neu5Gc to another molecule called Neu5Ac ( Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , Sept 6, 2005;102(36): 12819-12824). (drmirkin.com)
That pre-human did not die from malaria like other apes, monkeys and gorillas, so his or her children lived and proliferated, and today all humans have Neu5Ac instead of Neu5Gc. (drmirkin.com)
All mammals except humans have a surface sugar-protein on their cells called Neu5Gc, while humans have a surface sugar-protein called Neu5Ac. (drmirkin.com)
2. Wild and domestic animals variably display Neu5Ac and Neu5Gc sialic acids. (nih.gov)
Instead, humans began producing more of a slightly different form of sialic acid called Neu5Ac, the precursor of Neu5Gc. (medicalxpress.com)
Beim Tier kommt die N-Glycolylneuraminsäure (Neu5Gc) vor, beim Menschen dagegen die N-Acetylneuraminsäure (Neu5Ac). (invitrojobs.com)
Acid7
Sialic acid (also known as neuraminic acid, or Neu5Ac) has long been recognized to participate in the regulation of immune cell function. (frontiersin.org)
The rationale is that we wish to determine the effect of eGFR on ManNAc and Neu5Ac (sialic acid) metabolism (including plasma PK). (nih.gov)
N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) is the most common NulO. (fiocruz.br)
The acidic variants separated correlate with those commonly observed by CEX-MS such as deamidation, glycation and sialic acid (Neu5Ac)-containing species. (chromatographytoday.com)
Conflicting reports suggest that cellular glycans containing sialic acid (Neu5Ac) may play a role in MCPyV infectious entry. (uni-luebeck.de)
The nutritional composition comprises 3′-Siallylactose (3′-SL) and 6′-Siallylactose (6′-SL) in a weight ratio between 10:1 and 1:10 and is specifically for use in enhancing learning skills and/or enhancing memory function in an individual by increasing the sialic acid (Neu5Ac) concentration in the brain of said individual. (edu.au)
Enzyme2
Neu5Ac production in these bacteria is catalysed by the enzyme NeuB. (fiocruz.br)
In Opisthokonta eukaryotes, the biosynthesis of Neu5Ac is catalysed by the enzyme NanS. (fiocruz.br)
Recognizes1
A shallow binding site on the apical surface of the VP1 capsomer recognizes the disaccharide Neu5Ac-α2,3-Gal through a complex network of interactions. (uni-luebeck.de)
Product1
however, it exhibits much higher activity toward the Neu5Ac phosphate product. (nih.gov)
Alpha1
The resulting Neu5Ac alpha 2-3GalNAc linkage is resistant to sialidases from Newcastle disease virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. (nih.gov)
Production1
In insect cells, expression of this gene results in Neu5Ac and KDN production. (nih.gov)
Entry1
Mutations in the Neu5Ac binding site abolish MCPyV infection, highlighting the relevance of the Neu5Ac interaction for MCPyV entry. (uni-luebeck.de)