Nervous system disease hypoglossal nerve diseases. Medical search. Frequent questions

Disorders of the 12th cranial nerve (hypoglossal nerve) cause weakness or wasting (atrophy) of the tongue on the affected side. (msdmanuals.com)
The 12th cranial nerve. (umassmed.edu)

un- provisionally categorized the adrenal gland as nerve tissue like classical BSE, atypical BSE has been detected mainly because of the presence of chromaffi n cells in the medulla in aged cattle and suggested as a possible sporadic form of of the gland. (cdc.gov)
Ventilatory "drive" originates within respiratory centers of the central nervous system ( CNS ) ventral medulla. (veteriankey.com)
The hypoglossal nerve originates in the hypoglossal nucleus of the medulla and supplies motor innervation to all of the muscles of the tongue except the palatoglossus (which is supplied by the vagus). (umassmed.edu)
PBP is a progressive degenerative disorder of the motor nuclei in the medulla (specifically involving the glossopharyngeal, vagus, and hypoglossal nerves) that produces atrophy and fasciculations of the lingual muscles, dysarthria, and dysphagia. (medscape.com)

Partial or complete paralysis of the hypoglossal nerve. (nih.gov)

It was observed that a distinction from ALS was fatigue that predominated in muscles innervated by lower cranial nerve nuclei, rather than the upper motor neurons. (wikipedia.org)

This specifically involves the glossopharyngeal nerve (IX), vagus nerve (X), and hypoglossal nerve (XII). (wikipedia.org)
Glossopharyngeal nerve - swallowing: the swallowing ability is tested. (primomedico.com)

This summary discusses the basic anatomy of skeletal muscle, key features of skeletal muscle histology and physiology, and important presentations of muscular disease. (medscape.com)
In gross anatomy, the nerves to skeletal muscles are branches of mixed peripheral nerves. (medscape.com)

People with hypoglossal nerve disorder have difficulty speaking, chewing, and swallowing. (msdmanuals.com)

Although these studies have provided insights into individual components of the neuro-motor network at specific time points in disease pathogenesis, there remains a need to define the onset and progression of neuronal pathology at successive stages of disease in ALS in key subcortical structures receiving cortical outputs: the striatum, hippocampus ( Spalloni and Longone, 2015 ), brainstem, and spinal cord. (frontiersin.org)
The abducens nerve (cranial nerve VI) is known for its very long travel from the brainstem to the ipsilateral lateral rectus muscle, where it provides an important function by stimulating abduction of the eye [1] [2]. (symptoma.com)
For example, contralateral hemiparesis , ipsilateral palsy of the facial, but also trigeminal and vestibulocochlear nerves is seen in conditions affecting the brainstem, such as Raymond's syndrome, Millard-Gubler syndrome and Foville's syndrome [1]. (symptoma.com)

Lesion of left or right hypoglossal nerve causes ipsilateral deviation of the tongue to the affected side - "licking your wounds. (rahulgladwin.com)

Formalin-fixed spinal cords of six ALS patients with a disease duration of less than 1 year (short duration), eight patients with a disease duration of 2-5 years (standard duration), and five normal controls were subjected to histopathological examination using antibodies against an SG marker, HuR. (bvsalud.org)
A nerve which originates in the lumbar and sacral spinal cord (L4 to S3) and supplies motor and sensory innervation to the lower extremity. (lookformedical.com)
The nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord, including the autonomic, cranial, and spinal nerves. (lookformedical.com)

PBP is a disease that attacks the nerves supplying the bulbar muscles. (wikipedia.org)
However, accessory inspiratory muscles also play a role in breathing, especially during respiratory stress or disease (i.e., upper airway muscles innervated by the hypoglossal nerve) [6] . (veteriankey.com)
The third pair is termed as oculomotor nerve which controls most eye muscles as well as pupil size. (studyhippo.com)
The fifth pair is trigeminal nerve responsible for sensation on areas such as face, mouth and teeth along with some control over chewing muscles too.The sixth pair is known as abducens nerves which control lateral gaze by contraction of certain muscles around eyes allowing us look sideways without moving our head. (studyhippo.com)
The seventh paired facial nerve allows us sense taste on front two thirds of tongue along with helping us talk by controlling facial muscles like those involved in smiling or frowning etc.[1] Eighth cranial nerve (vestibulocochlear) helps us maintain balance while also transmitting sound signals from inner ear to brain. (studyhippo.com)
This nerve also contains proprioceptive afferents from the tongue muscles. (umassmed.edu)
Most of the skeletal muscular system is arranged into groups of agonists and antagonist muscles that work in concert to provide efficient and controlled motion. (medscape.com)

Von Graefe and Möbius accepted only cases with congenital facial diplegia and bilateral abducens nerve palsies as constituting Möbius syndrome. (medscape.com)
Abducens nerve palsy may occur due to a myriad of infectious, inflammatory, genetic, or malignant diseases. (symptoma.com)
In fact, abducens nerve palsy is one of the most frequent nerve palsies encountered in clinical practice, with an established incidence rate of 11.3 per 100 000 individuals [3]. (symptoma.com)
Certain authors have divided the pathologies that cause abducens nerve palsy according to their anatomical sites (the brain stem, subarachnoid space, the petroclival region, the cavernous sinus , and the orbit), and numerous conditions, both localized and systemic, may cause this condition [1] [2]. (symptoma.com)
The principal symptom of abducens nerve palsy is the presence of binocular horizontal diplopia , as the eye is not able to perform abduction, resulting in lateral displacement [4] [5]. (symptoma.com)
On the other hand, epistaxis , rhinorrhea , and serous otitis media , typically encountered in nasopharyngeal carcinoma , can also be seen together in abducens nerve palsy [1]. (symptoma.com)
Abducens nerve palsies, or sixth nerve palsies, results in weakness of the ipsilateral lateral rectus muscle. (symptoma.com)
A 53-year-old male patient with diabetes presented 6 weeks after lumbar disc surgery with persistent headache, a fluctuant swelling at the operated site, and diplopia secondary to left abducens nerve palsy. (symptoma.com)

They are responsible for a variety of functions ranging from vision, hearing, taste and smell to controlling facial movements, eye movements and pupil dilation.The first pair is the olfactory nerve which carries information about smell from receptor cells in the nose to the brain. (studyhippo.com)
The olfactory nerve conveys the sense of smell. (lookformedical.com)
Traumatic injuries to the OLFACTORY NERVE. (lookformedical.com)
Ovoid body resting on the CRIBRIFORM PLATE of the ethmoid bone where the OLFACTORY NERVE terminates. (lookformedical.com)
The olfactory bulb contains several types of nerve cells including the mitral cells, on whose DENDRITES the olfactory nerve synapses, forming the olfactory glomeruli. (lookformedical.com)
Diseases of the first cranial (olfactory) nerve, which usually feature anosmia or other alterations in the sense of smell and taste. (lookformedical.com)

This nerve moves the tongue. (msdmanuals.com)
The muscular tissues of the hyoid bone and the tongue are for probably the most part equipped with innervating nerves from the hypoglossal and the ansa cervicals (a loop which takes within the first, second and third cervical nerves) hair loss 9gag [url=http://www.tlumacz-przysiegly.edu.pl/buy-online/Finpecia/]buy 1 mg finpecia with mastercard[/url]. (ehd.org)
Hypoglossal nerve - tongue: the patient is sticking the tongue out and moving it in all directions. (primomedico.com)

Vestibulocochlear nerve - sense of hearing and balance: The doctor is rubbing the finger close to the ears in order to check the hearing ability. (primomedico.com)

It is therefore important to understand normal physiology, as well as the physiological changes and pathological progression of any coexisting disease, especially regarding the respiratory system [ 1 - 3 ]. (veteriankey.com)
4 Pathological findings from muscle and nerve biopsies, reported by Larbrisseau et al 5 , revealed evidence of chronic denervation with angular fibers and type grouping, suggesting an axonal neuropathy and a major primary defect at the level of peripheral nerve in HMSN/ACC. (nature.com)
Nocturnal hypoxia in OSA is a major pathological factor associated with cardiorespiratory diseases [ 3 , 7 ]. (hindawi.com)

Previous neuropathological observations in HMSN/ACC patients have included the presence of small oval vacuoles in the brain white matter, signs of axonal swelling and depletion of large myelinated fibers in nerves. (nature.com)
What cranial nerves carry parasympathetic fibers? (studyhippo.com)
Only 60% of the axons in the nerve to a given muscle are motor to the muscle fibers that make up the bulk of the muscle. (medscape.com)
The nerve supply branches within the muscle belly, forming a plexus from which groups of axons emerge to supply the muscle fibers. (medscape.com)
Set of nerve fibers conducting impulses from olfactory receptors to the cerebral cortex. (lookformedical.com)
Nerve fibers that are capable of rapidly conducting impulses away from the neuron cell body. (lookformedical.com)
Nerve fibers conduct nerve impulses to and from the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. (lookformedical.com)

Motor neurons (MNs) die in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a clinically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disease of unknown etiology. (frontiersin.org)

This respiratory plasticity involves alterations via sensory (i.e., central and peripheral chemoreceptors and airway mechanoreceptors) and modulatory projections (i.e., serotonergic neurons), as well as many other conscious and unconscious processes that affect breathing (i.e., cortical inputs, cardiovascular disease, etc. (veteriankey.com)
Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy associated with agenesis of the corpus callosum (HMSN/ACC) is an autosomal recessive disease of the central and peripheral nervous system that presents as early-onset polyneuropathy. (nature.com)
In conclusion cranial nerves play an important role in normal functioning of human body through transmission of sensory, motor inputs/outputs between head/neck area and rest parts like torso or arms etc., hence any damage or disease related issues in these can cause significant impairments in our daily life activities depending upon severity level so it's very important we take good care about them. (studyhippo.com)
This is achieved through the complex interaction of the musculoskeletal system with the pyramidal, extrapyramidal, and sensory components of the nervous system. (medscape.com)
That portion of the nasal mucosa containing the sensory nerve endings for SMELL, located at the dome of each NASAL CAVITY. (lookformedical.com)
Damage to the nervous system can cause changes in sensory input (loss of vision, hearing, smell, etc.), can hinder the capacity to control movement and body functions and/or can affect the brain's capacity to treat or store information. (iloencyclopaedia.org)

Diseases that progress over several days include inflammatory and metabolic disorders, as well as some tumors. (merckvetmanual.com)
Degenerative diseases and some tumors have a slowly progressive course. (merckvetmanual.com)
They do not only treat widespread diseases such as migraine and polyneuropathy, but also severe diseases such as tumors or multiple sclerosis. (primomedico.com)
Then, papilledema , visual deficits, and symptoms suggestive of a central nervous system (CNS) infection of any etiology (bacterial, viral, fungal ) may be seen if the nerve is compromised in the subarachnoid space, as various tumors, sarcoidosis , pseudotumor cerebri and meningitis have been described as potential etiologies [1]. (symptoma.com)

Some diseases occur only in a particular sex-eg, hypocalcemia associated with lactation. (merckvetmanual.com)

Patients, especially children and adolescents, presenting with what appears to be granulomatous cheilitis or OFG should be very carefully evaluated for gastrointestinal symptoms, signs, and disease. (medscape.com)

It has two major branches, the TIBIAL NERVE and the PERONEAL NERVE. (lookformedical.com)
He is also pressing the exit points of the nerve branches in the face and checking them for pain. (primomedico.com)

Trigeminal nerve - chewing and sensitivity: the doctor is stroking the patient's face and asking if the touch can be felt. (primomedico.com)

From 1st and 2nd cervical nerves (loop). (rahulgladwin.com)
Descending down over carotid sheath, forms the ansa cervicalis with a branch from C2 + 3 (inferior root of ansa or descending cervical nerve). (rahulgladwin.com)

Spine loss without dendritic changes was present in striatal neurons from disease onset. (frontiersin.org)
Within the neural tube stem cells generate the 2 major classes of cells that make the majority of the nervous system : neurons and glia. (edu.au)

Atherosclerosis is a diffuse, degenerative disease of the arteries that results in the formation of plaques composed of necrotic cells, lipids, and cholesterol crystals. (medscape.com)
For example, whereas congenital or developmental diseases occur most often in young patients, neoplasia and degenerative disorders are more common in older patients. (merckvetmanual.com)
Möbius himself believed that the condition was degenerative or toxic in origin and that it involved the nuclei of the affected nerves. (medscape.com)

It belongs to a group of disorders known as motor neuron diseases. (wikipedia.org)
ALS, also known as Lou Gehrig disease, is the most common neurodegenerative disease of adult onset involving the motor neuron system. (medscape.com)

Despite being a neurodegenerative disease, preservation of brain weight and a conspicuous absence of neuronal or glial cell death were signal features of this disease. (nature.com)

Hypoglossal nerve palsy after airway management for general anesthesia: an analysis of 69 patients. (nih.gov)
Nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) is the central integration hub for afferents from upper airway (somatosensory/gustatory), respiratory, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular (baroreceptor and chemoreceptor) and other systems. (hindawi.com)

Miescher cheilitis is generally regarded as a monosymptomatic form of the Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome, although the possibility remains that these may be 2 separate diseases. (medscape.com)
Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome involves the association with facial nerve palsy. (medscape.com)
Möbius syndrome is due, in part, to the loss of function of motor cranial nerves (CNs). (medscape.com)
In 1979, Towfighi et al proposed a classification system for Möbius syndrome based on pathologic differences observed in studies of patients with the syndrome. (medscape.com)

It is not currently known if and how the decreased SOD1 activity contributes to Progressive Bulbar Palsy or FALS, and studies are being done in patients and transgenic mice to help further understand the impact of this gene on the disease. (wikipedia.org)
Radiation-induced hypoglossal nerve palsy after definitive radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Clinical predictors and dose-toxicity relationship. (nih.gov)
Hypoglossal nerve palsy: 245 cases. (nih.gov)

Five Holstein calves 2-3 months of age accumulation of a protease-resistant form of a normal cel- were intracerebrally injected with 1 mL of 10% (w/v) brain lular prion protein (PrPres) in the central nervous system. (cdc.gov)
We conclude that the neurodegenerative deficits in HMSN/ACC are primarily caused by an axonopathy superimposed upon abnormal development, affecting peripheral but also central nervous system axons, all ultimately because of a genetic defect in the axonal cotransporter KCC3. (nature.com)
The early central nervous system begins as a simple neural plate that folds to form a neural groove and then neural tube . (edu.au)
Optic nerve swelling or jumpy eye movements (nystagmus) may occur at any age and warrants immediate work-up for a central nervous system tumor. (symptoma.com)

[ 4 , 5 ] Because substantial numbers of cases initially diagnosed as PLS would be reclassified as ALS as the disease progresses, Pringle et al suggest that a disease duration of at least 3 years is required to render this diagnosis clinically. (medscape.com)

Facial nerve - facial expression and taste: the different facial movements are given, which the patient has to imitate. (primomedico.com)

Overview of the Cranial Nerves Twelve pairs of nerves-the cranial nerves-lead directly from the brain to various parts of the head, neck, and trunk. (msdmanuals.com)
The cranial nerves are a set of 12 pairs of nerves that originate from the brain stem. (studyhippo.com)
The second pair is the optic nerve which carries visual information from receptors in the eyes to the brain. (studyhippo.com)
Nerves that extend from the brain. (studyhippo.com)
For patient education resources, see the Brain and Nervous System Center and the Cholesterol Center , as well as Stroke , High Cholesterol , Understanding Your Cholesterol level , and Lifestyle Cholesterol Management . (medscape.com)
With the exception of the optic and olfactory nerves, this includes disorders of the brain stem nuclei from which the cranial nerves originate or terminate. (sdsu.edu)
The 2nd cranial nerve which conveys visual information from the RETINA to the brain. (lookformedical.com)
The doctor checks the function and performance of the brain and nervous system with the help of a neurological examination. (primomedico.com)
Knowledge of the nervous system in general and of the brain and human behaviour in particular are of paramount importance to those who are dedicated to a safe and healthy environment. (iloencyclopaedia.org)
First, the understanding of occupational diseases affecting the nervous system and behaviour has changed substantially as new approaches to viewing brain-behavioural relationships have developed. (iloencyclopaedia.org)

The fourth pair is known as trochlear nerve which controls movement of one eye muscle in particular called superior oblique muscle. (studyhippo.com)

The accessory olfactory bulb, which receives the projection from the VOMERONASAL ORGAN via the vomeronasal nerve, is also included here. (lookformedical.com)
Bony extension may also occur into the mastoid bone, temporomandibular joint, and base of the skull, in which case cranial nerves VII (facial), IX (glossopharyngeal), X (vagus), XI (accessory), or XII (hypoglossal) may be affected. (medscape.com)
Accessory nerve - part of the head musculature: the doctor is pressing the shoulders down while the patient is pulling them up. (primomedico.com)

Normal respiratory volumes ( Figure 2.2 ) can be affected in anesthetized/sedated patients or in patients with altered physiology (i.e., pregnancy, disease, etc. (veteriankey.com)

Disorders of one or more of the twelve cranial nerves. (sdsu.edu)

Dysfunction of the nerve causes lateral rectus muscle weakness , resulting in horizontal diplopia that is maximal when the affected eye is abducted and esotropia. (symptoma.com)

Oculomotor nerve - eye movement: the patient is supposed to follow the doctor's finger with his eyes. (primomedico.com)

Neither the significance nor the causes of the variable involvement of the corpus callosum are known, but it is not correlated to the natural course of the disease and the neurodegenerative features of HMSN/ACC, which do not vary significantly between individuals with or without ACC. (nature.com)

The sciatic nerve, which is the main continuation of the sacral plexus, is the largest nerve in the body. (lookformedical.com)

The patient died from pneumonia two years after the onset of the disease. (wikipedia.org)

Optic nerve - sense of vision: items or alphabetic characters have to be recognized from a certain distance. (primomedico.com)

and peripheral nerve tissues. (cdc.gov)

and trauma to the facial region are conditions associated with cranial nerve injuries. (lookformedical.com)

Anatomy22

Organisms1

Diseases34

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment2

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes4

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

12th cranial nerve2

Medulla4

Paralysis1

Cranial nerve1

Glossopharyngeal nerve2

Anatomy2

Disorder1

Brainstem3

Lesion1

Spinal3

Muscles7

Abducens nerve8

Olfactory nerve6

Tongue3

Vestibulocochlear1

Pathological3

Fibers7

Amyotrophic1

Sensory6

Tumors4

Hypocalcemia1

Symptoms1

Branches2

Trigeminal nerve1

Cervical2

Neurons2

Degenerative3

Motor neuron2

Neurodegenerative disease1

Airway2

Syndrome4

Palsy3

Central nervou4

Diagnosis1

Facial nerve1

Brain10

Trochlear1

Accessory3

Physiology1

Twelve1

Weakness1

Oculomotor1

Corpus callosum1

Sciatic1

Onset1

Optic nerve1

Peripheral nerve1

Injuries1