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Carotid SinusPressoreceptorsCarotid ArteriesSympathetic Nervous SystemCarotid StenosisCarotid BodyCarotid Artery DiseasesSyncopeChemoreceptor CellsBaroreflexReflexEndarterectomy, CarotidCarotid Artery, InternalBlood PressureDenervationMassageHeart RateSinus of ValsalvaPhrenic NerveCarotid Artery, CommonCranial SinusesMaxillary SinusVagotomyCavernous SinusParanasal SinusesCarotid Artery, ExternalVagus NerveSciatic NerveDogsNeurons, EfferentNerve FibersPeripheral NervesTilt-Table TestCatsFrontal SinusSphenoid SinusParanasal Sinus DiseasesGlossopharyngeal NerveRespirationSick Sinus SyndromeSyncope, VasovagalMedulla OblongataOptic NerveCoronary SinusPeroneal NerveSodium CyanideNerve BlockBradycardiaKidneyVascular ResistanceCarotid Artery ThrombosisElectric StimulationCarotid Body TumorSinus Thrombosis, IntracranialSympathetic Fibers, PostganglionicEfferent PathwaysCarotid Artery InjuriesSplanchnic NervesReflex, AbnormalEthmoid SinusNeurons, AfferentNerve RegenerationAfferent PathwaysHemodynamicsRats, Sprague-DawleyCarotid Intima-Media ThicknessSympathectomyAnesthesiaHeart MassageTibial NerveHeartChloraloseAutonomic DenervationNerve EndingsAction PotentialsRabbitsParanasal Sinus NeoplasmsMechanoreceptorsDecerebrate StateAnoxiaFludrocortisoneSural NerveMedian NervePhenylephrineFacial NerveElectrocardiographyNerve CrushRegional Blood FlowTunica IntimaPeripheral Nerve InjuriesEndarterectomyTime FactorsSpinal NervesTunica MediaUlnar NerveCarbon DioxideTachycardia, SinusHeart SoundsVasomotor SystemDizziness
Aortic archHypersensitivityResectionArteryReceptorsFibersDysfunctionEfferentGlomus cellsRatsBaroreceptors and chemoreceptorsAtherosclerosisArterialMetabolicStimulationBodyBrainstemChemoreceptor responseCranialPeripheralHeart rate variab2018Vagal nerveRegulationBaroreflexNasalStimulate the vagus nerveBodiesModulateNeuromodulationResponsesAcuteSheathBradycardiaFrontal sinusHypertensiveSympathetic activityCardiac sympatheticOpticClinicalCaudalImpulsesNeckInferiorDigoxinEndogenousSignalsReflexRecurrentInternalNeural
Aortic arch4
  • The carotid sinus and aortic arch receptors monitor arterial circulation. (dailytechguides.com)
  • The most important arterial baroreceptors are located in the carotid sinus (at the bifurcation of external and internal carotids) and in the aortic arch (see figure below). (medicalnotes.info)
  • The aortic arch baroreceptors are innervated by the aortic nerve, which then combines with the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) traveling to the NTS. (medicalnotes.info)
  • The caudal nucleus plays a role in cardiovascular, respiratory, and gastrointestinal system control through cranial nerves IX that conveys information from baroreceptors and chemoreceptors in the carotid body and cranial nerve X transmitting inputs from the aortic arch. (statpearls.com)
Hypersensitivity2
Resection4
  • This work provided a mechanistic background in support of clinical trials of carotid sinus nerve stimulation and carotid body resection in hypertensive patients. (uiowa.edu)
  • Effect of carotid sinus nerve resection on sympathetic nervous technique activity, measured as circulating catecholamines [norepinephrine (NE) epinephrine (Epi)] (A) and adrenal medulla catecholamines (NE Epi) content material (B), in handle, higher fat (HF) and highsucrose (HSu) diet plan rats. (translateinthetownships.com)
  • Representative excursion curves for the insulin tolerance test in handle (A), high fat (HF) (B), and high fat αLβ2 Antagonist Formulation animals submitted to carotid sinus nerve resection (C) rats. (itkinhibitor.com)
  • Bilateral resection on the carotid sinus nerve (C) was performed five days prior to submitting the animals to HF diet program (adapted from Ribeiro et al. (itkinhibitor.com)
Artery8
  • Digitalis agents react with various peripheral reflex receptor areas (i.e., carotid artery baroreceptors and cardiac mechanoreceptors) to alter autonomic nerve activity. (elsevierpure.com)
  • and variables had came back to Atovaquone baseline relaxing amounts NMDA (10 mM/kg in 0.5 ml) was infused into carotid body through the still left common carotid artery. (biongenex.com)
  • Within an additional band of CIH-exposed rats (= 6) the CSN response to ET-1 (1.0 nmol/kg in 0.5 ml 0.9% saline) that was infused through the still left common carotid artery over 10 min was measured. (biongenex.com)
  • The second reason is nerve compression while leaving the neck by injury, neighborhood infection, extended styloid procedure, or lumps.7 Current renovation in imaging strategies has led to a much better medical diagnosis of additional reasons for the neuralgia because of compression of the nerve origin at its entrance area by an artery (posterior or vertebral substandard cerebellar artery) or blood vessel and also distortion by lumps like papillomas. (dsgroupholland.com)
  • Structures encountered during vasectomy surgery includes Testicular artery, Autonomic nerves and Pampiniform plexus. (medicosplexus.com)
  • Internal carotid artery ligation below the carotid sinus produces increase in vasomotor center activity. (medicosplexus.com)
  • Carotid sinus syncope, or "tight-collar syndrome," happens when something pushes on nerves at a wide part of your carotid artery in your neck. (livingwithdiabetes.info)
  • Carotid bruit due to carotid artery stenosis, carotid atherosclerosis, arterio-venous malformations. (econsultantclinic.com)
Receptors2
  • Responses to Rousing NMDA Receptors in the Carotid Body Infusion of NMDA got no influence on basal CSNA in sham pets but produced a substantial upsurge in afferent activity in CIH rats (Fig. 5). (biongenex.com)
  • This numerical discrepancy may have distinct functional implications for how triptans modulate afferent activity and emphasizes the importance of knowing the neurochemical properties of the primary afferents bearing the triptan receptors. (jneurosci.org)
Fibers8
  • In addition to their vasoconstrictor innervation, resistance vessels in skeletal muscles are innervated by vasodilator fibers, which, although they travel with the sympathetic nerves, are cholinergic (sympathetic cholinergic vasodilator system). (dailytechguides.com)
  • There is no tonic activity in the vasodilator fibers, but the vasoconstrictor fibers to most vascular beds have some tonic activity. (dailytechguides.com)
  • Some studies indicate that it is possible to stimulate the vagal nerve fibers through breathing. (healthyandnaturalworld.com)
  • It additionally obtains fibers from the carotid body as well as sinus and also joins the upkeep of blood stress and also the thoughtful tone of the capillary. (dsgroupholland.com)
  • It is assumed that Depo-Medrol, a generally utilized depot steroid representative for neighborhood nerve, obstructs reasons demyelination of the nerve fibers as well as for that reason, supplies alleviation of signs and symptoms. (dsgroupholland.com)
  • the dorsal motor nucleus of X, superior ganglion of X, and the inferior ganglion of X. The nerve fibers from the nucleus ambiguous are efferent, special visceral (ESV) fibers which help to mediate swallowing and phonation. (medicalnotes.info)
  • At the center of the nucleus, a bundle of nerve fibers runs through it to innervate the nucleus, which is the tractus solitarius. (statpearls.com)
  • The electrical stimuli on the skin preferentially activate low-threshold, myelinated nerve fibers. (medscape.com)
Dysfunction4
  • Exploring the Mediators that Promote Carotid Body Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity Related Syndromes. (nih.gov)
  • This can help to treat symptoms of vagus nerve dysfunction such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). (healthyandnaturalworld.com)
  • Is there a connection between vagus nerve dysfunction and menopausal symptoms? (caringmedical.com)
  • Anxiety, depression, panic attacks , allergy, digestive disorders, chronic sinus pain, balance problems caused by inner ear fluids, (please see my article Neck Pain Chronic Sinusitis and Eustachian Tube Dysfunction ,) and cough. (caringmedical.com)
Efferent4
  • Our purpose was to determine the effect of progressive i.v. infusion of either ASI-222, a polar aminocardenolide agent, or digoxin, a neutral cardenolide, on cardiac sympathetic, efferent vagal, and carotid sinus nerve activity. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Digoxin increased both carotid sinus and vagal efferent nerve activity with progressive doses. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In contrast, ASI-222 did not alter carotid sinus and efferent vagal nerve activity. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The vagus nerve (cranial nerve [CN] X) is the longest cranial nerve in the body, containing both motor and sensory functions in both the afferent and efferent regards. (medicalnotes.info)
Glomus cells1
  • Patch-clamping glomus cells of the carotid bodies allowed us to uncover new ionic determinants of sensitivity to hypoxia and low pH. (uiowa.edu)
Rats5
  • Traditional western blot showing improved expression of proteins items of NMDAR1 in carotid physiques of cyclic intermittent hypoxia (CIH)-open rats in accordance with sham-exposed pets. (biongenex.com)
  • Homogenized tissues of carotid bodies pooled from 8 rats in each mixed group had been utilized. (biongenex.com)
  • Kawada T, Yokoi A, Nishiura A, Kakuuchi M, Yokota S, Matsushita H, Li M, Uemura K, Saku K. Dynamic accentuated antagonism of heart rate control during different levels of vagal nerve stimulation intensity in rats. (go.jp)
  • To characterize the importance of carotid body SNOs in the regulation of ventilatory control and the ventilatory responses to hypoxia/hypercapnia/acidosis, in rats and in transgenic and normal mice. (grantome.com)
  • This project will provide insights into (1) the role of carotid body SNOs in ventilatory control of rats and mice, (2) mechanisms regulating the synthesis/storage of SNOs in PGCs in the carotid bodies, (3) the mechanisms regulating the exocytosis of SNOs during hypoxia, hypercapnia and acidosis, and (4) the signaling elements mediating the SNO responses. (grantome.com)
Baroreceptors and chemoreceptors1
  • We defined as "Reciprocal Dysautonomia" an interaction between baroreceptors and chemoreceptors whereby decreased baroreceptor activity enhances the chemoreceptor response and vice versa. (uiowa.edu)
Atherosclerosis1
  • Using patch-clamping techniques we discovered Rheoreceptors in the carotid sinuses and identified paracrine-endothelial, and autocrine ionic and oxidative processes that are powerful modulators of neurosensory activity, as well as increased reactive oxygen derived free radicals, that suppress baroreceptors in hypertension and atherosclerosis. (uiowa.edu)
Arterial3
Metabolic3
  • Carotid body: a metabolic sensor implicated in insulin resistance. (nih.gov)
  • Immunity and the carotid body: implications for metabolic diseases. (nih.gov)
  • The results support the hypothesis that clinical use of neuromodulation to modulate CSN activity in metabolic diseases does not cause blood pressure fluctuations. (ipleiria.pt)
Stimulation9
  • Vagus nerve stimulation has been linked to treating epilepsy, improving digestive conditions, reducing inflammation, and managing anxiety disorders. (healthyandnaturalworld.com)
  • However, there are natural ways you can improve vagus nerve function with some simple stimulation techniques. (healthyandnaturalworld.com)
  • This concept clarifies basic mechanisms by which carotid sinus nerve stimulation in patients with drug resistant hypertension or heat failure may be beneficial. (uiowa.edu)
  • This project, led by Silvia Conde looks at the effects of acute high frequency stimulation of the carotid sinus nerve on blood pressure. (ipleiria.pt)
  • Yoshida K, Saku K, Jan Bogaard H, Abe K, Sunagawa K, Tsutsui H. Vagal nerve stimulation preserves right ventricular function in a rat model of right ventricular pressure overload. (go.jp)
  • Oral stimulation for activities of daily living in feeding. (slideshare.net)
  • Vagus nerve stimulation has been shown to have brain plasticity and memory enhancing effects [69]. (osteopathie-liem.de)
  • Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) currently is one of the most commonly used forms of electroanalgesia. (medscape.com)
  • A transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) unit consists of 1 or more electrical-signal generators, a battery, and a set of electrodes. (medscape.com)
Body24
  • Purines and Carotid Body: New Roles in Pathological Conditions. (nih.gov)
  • Insulin resistance: a new consequence of altered carotid body chemoreflex? (nih.gov)
  • Although large levels of glutamate are found in the carotid body to date this excitatory neurotransmitter has not been assigned a role in chemoreception. (biongenex.com)
  • Outcomes Aftereffect of CIH Publicity on NMDA Receptor Appearance Selective appearance of NMDA receptor subunits by RT-PCR in the carotid body. (biongenex.com)
  • To initial determine whether glutamate NMDA receptor subunits are portrayed in carotid body we analyzed mRNA appearance of different NMDA receptor subunits except NMDAR3 by RT-PCR using particular primers that understand unique Atovaquone sequences of every NMDA receptor subtype. (biongenex.com)
  • NMDAR1 as well as NMDAR2A and NMDAR2B was detected in rat carotid body. (biongenex.com)
  • No applications were obtained in carotid body with NMDAR2C or NMDAR2D even after running 40 cycles of amplification. (biongenex.com)
  • RT-PCR results from representative experiments showing expression of mRNA for and 2and and and are higher magnifications of framed areas in and shows that carotid body expressed PSD-95 and to a lesser extent that this protein is expressed in brain. (biongenex.com)
  • Stimulating your vagus nerve can help to regulate many functions in your body. (healthyandnaturalworld.com)
  • You have one vagus nerve on each side of your body that travels all the way from your brain to your gut. (healthyandnaturalworld.com)
  • Doctors say that this is the longest of the cranial nerves in your body. (healthyandnaturalworld.com)
  • This is a fitting name because this cranial nerve has many connections and branches through the body. (healthyandnaturalworld.com)
  • The vagus nerve has an extensive function in the body and is located throughout your upper body. (healthyandnaturalworld.com)
  • 2022- 2023- "MicrobCB: Are the beneficial effects of polyphenols consumption over insulin resistance mediated by the carotid body? (unl.pt)
  • Schematic representation of insulin action in the carotid body. (translateinthetownships.com)
  • The researchers Maria Guarino and Rui Fonseca-Pinto are coauthors of the paper "Blood Pressure Regulation by the Carotid Sinus Nerve: Clinical Implications for Carotid Body Neuromodulation", which results from a collaboration with Silvia Vilares Conde from NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas and Mario Romero-Ortega from University of Houston in a project supported by GSK Bioelectronics and Galvani Bioelectronics. (ipleiria.pt)
  • These strikes of discomfort might be related to syncope8, heart apprehension, and even seizures as a result of the close closeness of the glossopharyngeal nerve to the carotid body. (dsgroupholland.com)
  • The nerve travels widely throughout the body affecting several organ systems and regions of the body, such as the tongue, pharynx, heart, and gastrointestinal system. (medicalnotes.info)
  • Because of the wide distribution of the nerve throughout the body, there are several clinical correlations of the vagus nerve. (medicalnotes.info)
  • The carotid body detects changes in PaCO2 through chemoreceptors, and this information gets conveyed to the nucleus solitarius (NTS) glutamatergic neurons that will target rostral ventrolateral medulla and respiratory pattern generator, leading to increased sympathetic activity. (statpearls.com)
  • In the illustration below we see the vast reach of the vagus nerve in managing body systems. (caringmedical.com)
  • To be clear there are two vagus nerves, a left side of the body and a right side of the body vagus nerve. (caringmedical.com)
  • While the vagus nerve starts in the brainstem and its headquarters or command center the nodose ganglion sits near the top of the neck at C1, the functional impact throughout the human body is clear. (caringmedical.com)
  • This proposal examines the importance and mechanisms of action of S-nitrosothiols (SNOs) in the carotid body regulation of ventilation. (grantome.com)
Brainstem3
Chemoreceptor response1
  • This was studied by measuring the effect of domperidone, a selective dopamine D 2 -receptor antagonist, on the carotid chemoreceptor response to O 2 and CO 2 in anesthetized neonatal and adult cats. (johnshopkins.edu)
Cranial4
  • The long cranial nerve that is the vagus nerve connects the brain to the gut. (healthyandnaturalworld.com)
  • The carotid sinus baroreceptors are innervated by the sinus nerve of Hering, which is a branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve (IX cranial nerve). (medicalnotes.info)
  • Each one has a function that gets exerted through cranial nerves. (statpearls.com)
  • Rostral nucleus solitarius or the gustatory nucleus form the recipient of taste inputs from cranial nerve VII transmitting taste inputs from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue, cranial nerve IX transmitting taste signals from the posterior third of the tongue as well as cranial nerve X that tastes the epiglottis. (statpearls.com)
Peripheral2
Heart rate variab1
  • Some assessments including anthropometric assessment, casual blood pressure measurement, and ankle-brachial index have an established clinical application while others including pulse wave velocity, heart rate variability, and carotid intima-media thickness have no established application and do not have reference values for healthy Brazilian population but may be important predictors of cardiovascular outcomes. (scielosp.org)
20181
Vagal nerve4
  • Through the vagal nerve, impulses transmits from the atria to the vagal center of the medulla. (wikipedia.org)
  • Poor vagal nerve function is often associated with digestive disorders, poor sleep health, fatigue, and anxiety. (healthyandnaturalworld.com)
  • Your vagal nerve plays an important role in how your brain functions. (healthyandnaturalworld.com)
  • Doctors from the Mayo Clinic say that managing epilepsy is one of the reasons why there are devices to stimulate the vagal nerve. (healthyandnaturalworld.com)
Regulation3
  • In the early years the focus was on the Regulation of Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Humans . (uiowa.edu)
  • In addition to the superordinate regulation by means of the mesencephalic periaqueductal grey, the neurovegetative system - including vagus activity - is essential in the regulation of stress reactions. (osteopathie-liem.de)
  • Besides the superordinate regulation by means of the mesencephalic periaqueductal grey, the neurovegetative - among others the vagus activity - is essential in the regulation of stress reactions. (osteopathie-liem.de)
Baroreflex1
  • Kawada T, Miyamoto T, Mukkamala R, Saku K. Linear and nonlinear identification of the carotid sinus baroreflex in the very low-frequency range. (go.jp)
Nasal5
  • CT disclosed an expansive mass in the left maxillary sinus, nasal fossas, left frontal sinus, and sphenoidal sinus that encroached on the orbit. (isciii.es)
  • MRI result: tumor mass with infiltration of the nasal septum, sphenoidal sinus, frontal sinus, maxillary sinus, and left orbit medial wall. (isciii.es)
  • Enlarged Turbinates: Swollen nasal turbinates present with breathing difficulty and recurrent sinus infections. (revexcare.com)
  • This leads to recurrent nasal and sinus infections. (revexcare.com)
  • Endoscopic Nasal Evaluation: A flexible fiber optic structure light is inserted through the nose to check smallla bnormalities in the sinuses. (revexcare.com)
Stimulate the vagus nerve4
Bodies3
  • To determine (1) the localization of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and the fusion proteins serving vesicular exocytosis in PGCs, (2) whether SNOs exist in cytoplasmic vesicles of PGCs, and (3) subcellular localization of high-affinity binding sites (putative SNO recognition sites) and low-affinity binding sites (putative S-nitrosylation sites) for SNO-L-CYS in the carotid bodies. (grantome.com)
  • The knowledge derived from this project will drive future studies directed at testing the hypothesis that free radical-induced damage to SNO release mechanisms and SNO-recognition sites in the carotid bodies participate in the etiology of ventilatory disease states. (grantome.com)
  • The on-going work of our collaborative team is providing compelling evidence that S-nitrosothiols will prove to be major regulators of breathing in mammals via their presence and bioactivity within the carotid bodies which are major neural structures controlling breathing. (grantome.com)
Modulate1
  • Chemoreceptors modulate changes in autonomic activity in the cardiorespiratory system vai respiratory pattern generator. (statpearls.com)
Neuromodulation1
  • 2022-2023- "Moving towards closed-loop bioelectronic medicine for type 2 diabetes: real-time neuromodulation of carotid sinus nerve" Supported by Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology Project Reference: EXPL/MED-NEU/0733/2021- 49.986,92 € PI: Joana Sacramento. (unl.pt)
Responses1
  • It has been postulated that the weak carotid chemoreceptor responses of neonatal mammals may be due to inhibition produced by high levels of endogenous dopamine release or exaggerated sensitivity to dopaminergic inhibition. (johnshopkins.edu)
Acute1
  • In vivo dopaminergic activity fol- lowing acute exercise as a reference reproductive medicine and the rectus fascia. (ardelyx.com)
Sheath1
  • The vagus nerve continues by traveling inferiorly within the carotid sheath where it is located posterior and lateral to the internal and common carotid arteries, and medial to the internal jugular vein. (medicalnotes.info)
Bradycardia1
  • Digoxin may cause severe sinus bradycardia or sino-atrial block particularly in patients with pre-existing sinus node disease and may cause advanced or complete heart block in patients with pre-existing incomplete AV block. (wikidoc.org)
Frontal sinus3
Hypertensive1
  • The aim of this study was to clarify the response of sympathetic activity to antihypertensive drugs using a mental stress test in hypertensive patients and to determine the effects of antihypertensive drugs on the sympathetic activitymediated hemodynamic response to mental stress. (scirp.org)
Sympathetic activity5
  • In conclusion, skin blood flow can be a useful tool to evaluate sympathetic activity and combination therapy with calcium antagonists and angiotensin II receptor blockers were the most useful therapy for suppressing the hemodynamic response to mental stress. (scirp.org)
  • Plasma catecholamine or plasma 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylethylene glycol (HMPG) is often used as an index of sympathetic activity. (scirp.org)
  • CCBs affect sympathetic activity either directly or by reducing blood pressure. (scirp.org)
  • sympathetic activity rose near the toxic dose. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Low-pressure mechanosensory vagal endings in the heart suppress sympathetic activity, enhance parasympathetic activity, and thus become important blood volume and blood pressure regulators. (uiowa.edu)
Cardiac sympathetic1
  • A moderate amount of tonic discharge takes place in the cardiac sympathetic nerves at rest, but there is a good deal of tonic vagal discharge (vagal tone) in humans and other large animals. (dailytechguides.com)
Optic2
Clinical1
Caudal1
  • The C2, C3 nerves task to the core caudal is of the trigeminal nerve, which, we currently understand, is a principal in the generation of migraine headache frustrations. (dsgroupholland.com)
Impulses1
  • Impulses in the sympathetic nerves to the heart increase the cardiac rate, rate of transmission in the cardiac conductive tissue, and the force of contraction (inotropic effect). (dailytechguides.com)
Neck2
Inferior2
  • the spinal accessory nerve (CN XI) joins the vagus nerve just distal to the inferior ganglion. (medicalnotes.info)
  • Nerve supply of the gluteal region includes Superior gluteal nerve, Inferior gluteal nerve and Nerve to obturator internus. (medicosplexus.com)
Digoxin1
  • Digoxin and ASI-222 produce different profiles of changes in cardiac autonomic nerve activity and appear to differ in autonomic reflex receptor interactions. (elsevierpure.com)
Endogenous2
  • We conclude that the inhibitory role of endogenous dopamine in the carotid chemoreceptors changes with postnatal development. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Accordingly, disturbances in synthesis, disposition and biological activities of these endogenous compounds may have profound effects on breathing and may contribute to breathing disorders associated with disease states such as diabetes and sleep apnea. (grantome.com)
Signals3
Reflex1
Recurrent1
  • Unmyelinated fibres, mainly originating from the dorsalis nervi vagi nerve, regulate blood flow and activity of the abdominal organs, while myelinated fibres, originating from the ambiguus nerve, regulate the thoracic organs of the heart and lungs as well as speech (superior laryngeal and recurrent nerve) and the hearing of human speech (including the stapedius nerve after connection with the facial nerve). (osteopathie-liem.de)
Internal1
Neural2