• IL-38 inhibits CRC metastasis, proliferation and facilitates apoptosis through suppressing the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases ( ERK ) signaling pathway inducing the decrease of downstream genes, which were partially abrogated by ERK activator LM22B-10 in vitro . (nih.gov)
  • Taken together, our results revealed that honokiol caused G0/G1 phase arrest, induced apoptosis, and autophagy via the ROS/ERK1/2 signaling pathway in human osteosarcoma cells. (nature.com)
  • 12. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1/p38 signaling pathway negatively regulates physiological hypertrophy. (nih.gov)
  • In this study, the protective effect of 6-G on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) damage and whether such a mechanism was related to apoptosis inhibition and activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)/serine/threonine kinase (Akt) signaling pathway were investigated. (hindawi.com)
  • Other studies have demonstrated that PI3K/Akt signaling pathway alleviates MIRI by inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by oxidative stress [ 13 - 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • It specifically negatively regulates the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway to induce cell cycle arrest. (medscape.com)
  • To understand how 13-MTD actually induces apoptosis, researchers studied the fatty chain acid's anticancer activity on tumor cells developing in T Cell Lymphomas. (wikipedia.org)
  • inhibits histone demethylase activity on H3K9me3 and induces apoptosis in LNCaP prostate cancer cells in vitro . (rndsystems.com)
  • It also induces myocardial apoptosis, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress resulting in severe arrhythmia, cardiac failure, and even sudden cardiac death [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • For example, glucose at high levels can penetrate ECs by passive diffusion, which induces endothelial dysfunction via oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis [ 2 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • The results showed that 13-MTD inhibits tumor cell growth by "down-regulating" p-AKT. (wikipedia.org)
  • The results indicated that 13-MTD inhibits the growth of human bladder cancer cells through "mitochondrial-mediated" apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Taken together, these findings suggest that 6-G inhibits apoptosis and activates PI3K/Akt signaling in response to myocardial I/R injury as a possible mechanism to attenuate I/R-induced injury in heart. (hindawi.com)
  • Upon oral administration, polo-like kinase 4 inhibitor CFI-400945 selectively inhibits PLK4, which results in the disruption of mitosis and the induction of apoptosis. (nih.gov)
  • Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, opadotin binds to and inhibits tubulin polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. (nih.gov)
  • Instead, miR-21 inhibits tumor apoptosis and promotes proliferation and metastasis by downregulating p53 expression in uveal melanoma cell lines [ 4 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • PDBD inhibits cell viability of ER + and ER - BCa cells by inducing apoptosis without causing significant toxicity in normal breast epithelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although further characterization of the mechanism by which HK-II inhibits TORC1 is warranted, these findings identify HK-II as a critical sensor of glucose depletion that regulates the switch from glycolysis to protective autophagy during nutrient starvation. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The Ras family of GTPases is a collection of molecular switches that link receptors on the plasma membrane to signaling pathways that regulate cell proliferation and differentiation. (embl.de)
  • Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that are widely involved in various processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis [ 9 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • Ceramide is important in many cell responses, such as proliferation, differentiation, growth arrest and apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Osteoblast differentiation decreased expression of tumor suppressor p53 , which negatively regulates Glut1 expression, and enhanced. (silverchair.com)
  • Nitric oxide negatively regulates Fas CD95-induced apoptosis through inhibition of ubiquitin-proteasome-mediated degradation of FLICE inhibitory protein. (cdc.gov)
  • Therefore, inhibition of cardiomyocyte apoptosis may improve cardiac function and alleviate MIRI which is of clinical significance for treating myocardial infarction. (hindawi.com)
  • MicroRNAS (miRNAs) is a class of endogenous small non-coding RNAs negatively regulating gene expression by inducing degradation or translational inhibition of target mRNAs. (researchsquare.com)
  • HK-II inhibition by knockdown or treatment with the glucose analogue 2-deoxy-D-glucose also caused an increase in apoptosis induced by glucose deprivation, suggesting that HK-II-mediated autophagy confers protection from glucose starvation. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The catalytic activity of HK-II was not necessary for TORC1 inhibition, implying that HK-II negatively regulates TORC1 by acting as a binding protein. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Roberts DJ, Tan-Sah VP, Ding EY, Smith JM, Miyamoto S. Hexokinase-II positively regulates glucose starvation-induced autophagy through TORC1 inhibition. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Moreover, data indicated that apoptosis was achieved by 13-MTD regulating the AKT and MAPK pathways. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pathways that meet criteria for 'apoptosis' uniformly involve activation of intracellular proteases known as caspases. (medscape.com)
  • Signaling pathways ultimately lead to the activation of transcription factors that regulate genes involved in the cell cycle. (biolegend.com)
  • In this review, we explore the role of latexin, identified by natural variation, in regulating homeostatic and stress hematopoiesis, unravel the underlying signaling pathways, and propose its therapeutic implication. (nih.gov)
  • Thus, WWP1 may regulate cell development and proliferation through the degradation of proteins involved in a variety of cell signaling pathways. (ecmbio.com)
  • Specifically, it regulates the organization of apical plasma membrane in epithelial cells, disk morphogenesis during early retinal development, MAPK and Akt signaling pathways, and in cholesterol metabolism. (nih.gov)
  • Furthermore, honokiol induced G0/G1 phase arrest, elevated the levels of glucose-regulated protein (GRP)−78, an endoplasmic reticular stress (ERS)-associated protein, and increased the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). (nature.com)
  • [ 11 ] In aggregate, these proteases are responsible for cleavage of specific cellular protein substrates, producing the phenomenon of apoptosis, where cells detach from the extracellular matrix, become rounded and shrunken, and alter their plasma membrane lipid organization to signal for their elimination by phagocytosis. (medscape.com)
  • This inhibitory protein directly binds and regulates activation of these caspases-which are involved in apoptosis induced by cytokines of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family-typically suppressing caspase-8/10-induced apoptosis or diverting the activity of these proteases towards proliferation instead of cell death (Figure 1). (medscape.com)
  • In addition to p53, MDM2 is involved in processes of cell cycle, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis through interactions with proteins that include retinoblastoma 1 and ribosomal protein L5. (thermofisher.com)
  • This is regulated by factors like PRC1 , a microtubule-associated protein. (biolegend.com)
  • After isolating the GBC stem cells, ectopic expression and depletion experiments were conducted to analyze the effect of miR-205-5p and PRKCE on cell proliferation, drug resistance, apoptosis, and colony formation rate as well as the expression of apoptotic factors (Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and cleaved caspase 3). (nih.gov)
  • p120 GTPase-activating protein (GAP) down-regulates Ras by stimulating GTP hydrolysis of active Ras. (embl.de)
  • LncRNAs are non-protein transcripts that are able to regulate cellular processes and gene expression. (springer.com)
  • The protein kinase PKR is required for macrophage apoptosis after activation of Toll-like receptor 4. (nih.gov)
  • CAPK is involved in the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase (MAPK) cascades that include the extracellular-signal regulated kinases (ERK), the c-Jun N-terminal kinases or stress-activated kinases (JNK/ SNK/SAPK) and the p38 family [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • All these molecular events are observed during the effector phase of ceramide-induced apoptosis which also includes gene expression and new protein synthesis required for ceramide-mediated cell death, as it has been shown that neuronal cell death can be inhibited by cycloheximide [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Astrocytes exposed to 2, 3, and 4 h of OGD exhibited increased cell injury and apoptosis, and the protein levels of caspase-12, cleaved caspase-3, NLRP3 inflammasome components, and IL-1β were also significantly elevated. (medsci.org)
  • Mahboob Ul Hussain The tumor suppressor protein p53 is intricately regulated by various signaling molecules, including non-coding small RNAs, called microRNAs (miRNAs). (silverchair.com)
  • Regulates E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity of RNF19A (By similarity). (nih.gov)
  • The HINT1 protein is also involved in programmed cell death (apoptosis), which occurs when cells are no longer needed. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Vicente-Sanchez A, Sanchez-Blazquez P, Rodriguez-Munoz M, Garzon J. HINT1 protein cooperates with cannabinoid 1 receptor to negatively regulate glutamate NMDA receptor activity. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Weiske J, Huber O. The histidine triad protein Hint1 triggers apoptosis independent of its enzymatic activity. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Although more and animals and plants and regulate gene/protein expression more progressions have been made about the through direct complementarity between their 5' region pathogenesis of asthma in recent years, the increasing and the 3' untranslated region of target mRNAs. (cdc.gov)
  • HN - 2017 MH - ADAM12 Protein UI - D000072199 MN - D8.811.277.656.675.374.102.125 MN - D9.400.430.500.125 MN - D12.776.395.33.125 MS - A disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein that is expressed as two alternatively-spliced forms: a long transmembrane form (ADAM12-L) and a short soluble form (ADAM12-S). It modulates the cleavage of INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR BINDING PROTEINS and may also regulate CELL FUSION during MYOGENESIS. (nih.gov)
  • Processes of disposal of cellular debris whose results do not damage the organism differentiate apoptosis from necrosis . (wikidoc.org)
  • In contrast to necrosis , which is a form of traumatic cell death that results from acute cellular injury, apoptosis, in general, confers advantages during an organism's life cycle. (wikidoc.org)
  • [4] Kerr had originally used the term "programmed cell necrosis" to describe the phenomenon but in the 1972 article this process of natural cell death was called apoptosis . (wikidoc.org)
  • 4. Inducible nitric oxide synthase from bone marrow-derived cells plays a critical role in regulating colonic inflammation. (nih.gov)
  • 9. The Toll-interleukin-1 receptor member SIGIRR regulates colonic epithelial homeostasis, inflammation, and tumorigenesis. (nih.gov)
  • Caspase-12 activation and processing have been detected following ischemic stroke, but the role of caspase-12 in apoptosis and inflammation is controversial. (medsci.org)
  • IL-1β treatment induced cell injury by promoting inflammation and apoptosis, and inhibiting cell viability and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation in chondrocytes. (bjbms.org)
  • Furthermore, pretreatment of osteosarcoma cells with PD98059, an inhibitor of ERK1/2, inhibited honokiol-induced apoptosis and autophagy. (nature.com)
  • Endogenous suppressors of caspases include the inhibitor-of-apoptosis proteins (IAPs), of which eight are present in humans. (medscape.com)
  • Interestingly, pretreatment with the caspase-12-specific inhibitor Z-ATAD-FMK attenuated cell injury and apoptosis and decreased the levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β, and cleaved caspase-3 in the OGD group. (medsci.org)
  • AKT is a serine-threonine kinase that regulates cell survival. (wikipedia.org)
  • Consequently, honokiol stimulated phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2. (nature.com)
  • 1. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 regulates colitis and colitis-associated tumorigenesis by the innate immune responses. (nih.gov)
  • 2. Important role of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 in ischemia-induced angiogenesis. (nih.gov)
  • 3. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 deficiency accelerates hyperlipidemia-induced atheromatous plaques via suppression of macrophage apoptosis. (nih.gov)
  • 8. Critical role for apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 in the development of inflammatory K/BxN serum-induced arthritis. (nih.gov)
  • Rats were subjected to I/R in the presence or absence of 6-G and the changes of cardiac function, infarct size and histopathological changes, and the levels of cardiac troponin T, creatine kinase-MB, and myocardial apoptosis were examined. (hindawi.com)
  • We found that 6-G (6 mg/kg) pretreatment significantly improved heart function and ameliorated infarct size and histopathological changes and cardiac troponin T and creatine kinase-MB levels induced by I/R. Moreover, pretreatment with 6-G significantly inhibited myocardial apoptosis and caspase-3 activation induced by I/R. 6-G also upregulated expression of PI3K, p-Akt, and Akt in myocardial tissues. (hindawi.com)
  • Recent studies have highlighted the role of miRNAs in the control of apoptosis and their interplay with p53, the master guardian of apoptosis. (frontiersin.org)
  • Here, we summarize and integrate the data on the role of miRNAs in apoptosis in breast cancer and the clinical advantage it may offer for the prognosis or treatment of breast cancer patients. (frontiersin.org)
  • miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs (~18-25 bases) regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional and/or translational levels. (frontiersin.org)
  • This is the first study to identify miRNAs that are predicted to regulate genes expressed during metamorphosis or in response to infection in the lepidopteran model host G. mellonella . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thousands of miRNAs have been identified or predicted in eukaryotes and their viruses since the first miRNA was shown to regulate development in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Garcinol Sensitizes NSCLC Cells to Standard Therapies by Regulating EMT-Modulating miRNAs. (cancerindex.org)
  • that asthma is intensively regulated by a variety of microRNAs (miRNAs). (cdc.gov)
  • Th)1 cells.5 Meanwhile, the function and immunity of with genetic predisposition, involving multiple cells, DCs are closely regulated by miRNAs. (cdc.gov)
  • Our results showed that mouse aortic endothelial cell (MAEC)-secreted exosomes could promote the proliferation and inhibit the apoptosis of VSMCs induced by HG. (aging-us.com)
  • 12 ] reported that PI3K/Akt pathway transduces signals that inhibit apoptosis in cardiomyocyte in response to MIRI. (hindawi.com)
  • Apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death, is a highly regulated process, the deregulation of which has been associated with the tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis in various cancers including breast cancer. (frontiersin.org)
  • UBE2V2 promotes metastasis by regulating EMT and predicts a poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma. (researchsquare.com)
  • MiR-21 negatively regulates MKK3 and acts as a tumor suppressor in melanoma by inhibiting cell growth and metastasis [ 3 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Apoptosis (/̩æ.pəpˈtō.səs/ [1] ) is a form of programmed cell death in multicellular organisms. (wikidoc.org)
  • The fatty chain acid is most abundant in Yang Zhen Hua 851 and responds aggressively towards tumor cells through apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • 13-MTD helps down-regulate AKT, allowing stability in cells and inducing programmed cell death to the tumor cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • 13-MTD brings stability to the cell by down-regulating signals that the cell receives and sends, and also by activating necessary agents to combat cancer cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Considering 13-MTD's effective apoptosis of certain human cancer cells and the low toxicity levels it presents, the medical implications of 13-MTD will continue to be studied and developed. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is often seen that metastatic and treatment resistant cells lose control over apoptosis and thus fail to die in response to various therapies. (frontiersin.org)
  • The knockdown of UBE2V2 inhibited cells proliferation, reduced the proportion of cells in S phase and promoted cell apoptosis. (researchsquare.com)
  • Interestingly, UBE2V2 expression is negatively correlated with B cells, CD4 + T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells. (researchsquare.com)
  • In the process of morphological changes of neuroectoderm and mesoderm cells, Snail promotes the conversion of DE-cadherin expression to DN- cadherin type so that EMT occurs[11].In addition, EMT transformation promoted the expression of MMPs family proteins (MMP 1, 2, 7) through the up-regulated expression of Snail and SIP1, and degraded extracellular matrix proteins to increase tumour cell infiltration ability[12]. (researchsquare.com)
  • Intriguingly, our results manifested that miR-205-5p was down-regulated, while PRKCE was up-regulated in peripheral blood samples and stem cells of patients with GBC. (nih.gov)
  • In a healthy adult human being, around 10 million cells die via apoptosis every day. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • In addition, it can stimulate apoptosis of cells containing damaged DNA. (medscape.com)
  • The cells during apoptosis shrink, but no uncontrolled release of cell debris into the environment occurs. (pharmawiki.in)
  • The risk scores correlated positively with the infiltration features of naive B cells, CD8+ T cells, atpdelnd mast cells, while they correlated negatively with those of M0 macrophages and dendritic cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • tumor_purity tumor purity C C177536 GDC Property Terminology C13202 Chromosome A structure found in cells that is comprised of a strand of linearized double-stranded DNA plus proteins that package the DNA in a condensed coil form and regulate chromosomal function. (nih.gov)
  • Progression through checkpoints during interphase is regulated by cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), which are activated when bound by specific cyclins (see table below). (biolegend.com)
  • Regulates numerous cellular processes, such as cell cycle progression, apoptosis and transcription, as well as viral infection. (nih.gov)
  • By this type of control, tubulin may selectively regulate metabolic fluxes between mitochondria and the cytoplasm. (nih.gov)
  • (iii) explore a working hypothesis of VDAC-tubulin involvement in promoting Warburg effect and a signal for mitochondria permeabilization and apoptosis induction. (nih.gov)
  • Apoptosis is triggered by an extracellular signal to the CD95 receptor. (pharmawiki.in)
  • In addition, WWP1 has been shown to negatively regulate transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) signaling by targeting TGFβ receptor 1, Smad2, and Smad4 for ubiquitin-mediated degradation. (ecmbio.com)
  • Tim‑3 and Gal‑9 expression and Foxp3+ T cell density were negatively associated with the patient overall survival (OS) rate. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • It has important biological functions in cell survival, apoptosis, and proliferation [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • SUMMARY: Understanding how latexin regulates HSC survival, self-renewal, and stress response will advance our knowledge of HSC biology. (nih.gov)
  • Recent evidence has suggested that Tim‑3 is differentially regulated in a variety of tumors and is a potential therapeutic target. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Moreover, under hypoxia only scylla is induced in the fat body but not charybdis , indicating that they may be differentially regulated (Reiling, 2004). (sdbonline.org)
  • OTUD1 regulates the canonical NF-κB pathway by hydrolyzing K63-linked ubiquitin chains from NF-κB signaling factors, including LUBAC. (nature.com)
  • OTUD1 negatively regulates the canonical NF-κB activation, apoptosis, and necroptosis, whereas OTUD1 upregulates the interferon (IFN) antiviral pathway. (nature.com)
  • Induction of apoptosis is a popular target of various therapies currently being tested or used for breast cancer treatment. (frontiersin.org)
  • In contrast, reducing production of intracellular ROS using N -acetylcysteine, a scavenger of ROS, concurrently suppressed honokiol-induced cellular apoptosis, autophagy, and cell cycle arrest. (nature.com)
  • The p53 peptide acts as a tumour suppresser in many tumour types by inducing growth arrest or apoptosis. (laboratorytalk.com)
  • The regulation of apoptosis is complex and involves a tight equilibrium between the pro- and anti-apoptotic factors. (frontiersin.org)
  • P53 is also involved in cell cycle regulation as a transactivator that negatively regulates cell division. (laboratorytalk.com)
  • While they are normally regulated by other genes, including tumor suppressor genes, proto-oncogenes can be activated to become oncogenes that are less sensitive to this regulation. (medscape.com)
  • We have made an attempt at classifying these genes on the basis of their putative functions, first with respect to known effects of ceramide or ceramide-mediated transduction systems, and then with respect to regulation of cell growth and apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This balance is finely regulated by endogenous inhibitors of IAPs, such as SMAC and HtrA2, which compete with active caspases to bind to IAP. (medscape.com)
  • The results of the present study indicate that microRNAs play important roles in regulating asthma immune responses. (cdc.gov)
  • The interaction between PD-L1 and PD-1 negatively regulates T cell-mediated immune responses. (nih.gov)
  • Essentially, apoptosis is a process of cell death initiated by the presence or absence of certain stimuli. (wikipedia.org)
  • The types of cell death induced by honokiol were primarily autophagy and apoptosis. (nature.com)
  • Apoptosis is an active and orderly cell death process regulated by genes and involves a series of enzymes and is currently the recognized mechanism of MIRI [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Studies have demonstrated the occurrence of apoptosis in early stages of myocardial infarction which increases significantly during reperfusion and these are important ways for myocardial cell death in AMI and MIRI [ 7 , 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The genes that are transcriptionally regulated during ceramide-mediated cell death are still poorly documented. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 10. MyD88 adaptor-like (Mal) regulates intestinal homeostasis and colitis-associated colorectal cancer in mice. (nih.gov)
  • Apoptosis resistance is a major obstacle leading to chemotherapy failure during cancer treatment. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • Excessive apoptosis causes hypotrophy , such as in ischemic damage, whereas an insufficient amount results in uncontrolled cell proliferation, such as cancer . (wikidoc.org)
  • MiR-125b has been found to be upregulated in some tumor types, e.g., colon cancer and hematopoietic tumors, where it displays an oncogenic potential, by inducing cell growth and proliferation and blocking apoptosis. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • In contrast with apoptosis, cleanup of cell debris by phagocytes of the immune system is generally more difficult. (pharmawiki.in)