• Ascorbic acid is an organic compound with formula C 6H 8O 6, originally called hexuronic acid. (wikipedia.org)
  • In reference to the compound's antiscorbutic properties, Haworth and Szent-Györgyi proposed to rename it "a-scorbic acid" for the compound, and later specifically l-ascorbic acid. (wikipedia.org)
  • Independently, ascorbic acid was synthetized in 1933 by Tadeusz Reichstein (the Nobel Prize laureate in Physiology or Medicine in 1950). (wikipedia.org)
  • Ascorbic acid is a furan-based lactone of 2-ketogluconic acid. (wikipedia.org)
  • The deprotonated conjugate base is the ascorbate anion, which is stabilized by electron delocalization that results from resonance between two forms: For this reason, ascorbic acid is much more acidic than would be expected if the compound contained only isolated hydroxyl groups. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ascorbic acid can also react with organic acids as an alcohol forming esters such as ascorbyl palmitate and ascorbyl stearate. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nucleophilic attack of ascorbic acid on a proton results in a 1,3-diketone: The ascorbate ion is the predominant species at typical biological pH values. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ascorbic acid is special because it can transfer a single electron, owing to the resonance-stabilized nature of its own radical ion, called semidehydroascorbate. (wikipedia.org)
  • 6 → ROH + C6H6O6 On exposure to oxygen, ascorbic acid will undergo further oxidative decomposition to various products including diketogulonic acid, xylonic acid, threonic acid and oxalic acid. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ascorbic acid and its sodium, potassium, and calcium salts are commonly used as antioxidant food additives. (wikipedia.org)
  • These compounds are water-soluble and, thus, cannot protect fats from oxidation: For this purpose, the fat-soluble esters of ascorbic acid with long-chain fatty acids (ascorbyl palmitate or ascorbyl stearate) can be used as food antioxidants. (wikipedia.org)
  • The main use of l-ascorbic acid and its salts is as food additives, mostly to combat oxidation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ascorbic acid (C6H8O6) is a naturally occurring organic compound with antioxidant properties. (zhishangchemical.com)
  • The pure ascorbic acid is white solids, but some of the impurities are slightly yellowish. (zhishangchemical.com)
  • Ascorbic acid is soluble in water and forms a mildly acidic solution. (zhishangchemical.com)
  • Ascorbic acid is a vitamin C defined as a vitamin activity, not a specific substance. (zhishangchemical.com)
  • The new name, Ascorbic acid, is derived from the word "Ascorbic acid" from: a- (means "no") + scorbutus (denotes "scurvy", which is due to a lack of vitamin C). Ascorbic acid is derived from glucose, and many animals can make it, but humans need it as part of their nutrition. (zhishangchemical.com)
  • Other vertebrates lacking the production of ascorbic acid include primates, guinea pigs, real bone fish, bats and some birds, all of which need ascorbic acid as a micronutrient in the diet. (zhishangchemical.com)
  • Ascorbic acid. (lookformedical.com)
  • Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. (lookformedical.com)
  • A condition due to a dietary deficiency of ascorbic acid (vitamin C), characterized by malaise, lethargy, and weakness. (lookformedical.com)
  • Ascorbic acid deficiency frequently develops into SCURVY in young children fed unsupplemented cow's milk exclusively during their first year. (lookformedical.com)
  • The reversibly oxidized form of ascorbic acid. (lookformedical.com)
  • An acquired blood vessel disorder caused by severe deficiency of vitamin C (ASCORBIC ACID) in the diet leading to defective collagen formation in small blood vessels. (lookformedical.com)
  • An enzyme involved in the metabolism of ASCORBIC ACID and aldarate. (lookformedical.com)
  • Membrane transport proteins that actively co-transport ASCORBIC ACID and sodium ions across the CELL MEMBRANE. (lookformedical.com)
  • An enzyme that converts ascorbic acid to dehydroascorbic acid. (lookformedical.com)
  • Metabolite of ASCORBIC ACID and the oxidized form of the lactone DEHYDROASCORBIC ACID. (lookformedical.com)
  • It creates volatile compounds when mixed with glucose and amino acids in 90 °C. It is a cofactor in tyrosine oxidation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Corynebacterium glutamicum , which is used in industrial amino acid production at a million-ton scale, has been engineered towards utilization of alternative carbon sources. (springeropen.com)
  • Neither aldohexuronic acid supported growth of C. glutamicum as sole or combined carbon source, although its genome encodes a putative uronate isomerase sharing 28% identical amino acids with UxaC from Escherichia coli . (springeropen.com)
  • An easily transferable metabolic engineering strategy for access of C. glutamicum to aldohexuronates was developed and applied to growth and production of the amino acids L-lysine and L-ornithine as well as the terpene lycopene from D-galacturonate or D-glucuronate. (springeropen.com)
  • One manifestation of negative selection in the globins is that minimal 3-base type amino acid replacements occur less frequently than would be expected if base replacements had occurred and were accepted at random. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
  • It is oxidized with loss of one electron to form a radical cation and then with loss of a second electron to form dehydroascorbic acid. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dietary absorption of VITAMIN C is highly dependent upon this class of transporters and a subset of SODIUM GLUCOSE TRANSPORTERS which transport the oxidized form of vitamin C, DEHYDROASCORBIC ACID. (lookformedical.com)
  • These acidic sugars are naturally consumed by most plant pathogenic bacteria such as Erwinia carotovora , Pseudomonas syringae , and Agrobacterium tumefaciens , but also by E. coli . (springeropen.com)
  • In 1933, sugar chemist Walter Norman Haworth, working with samples of "hexuronic acid" that Szent-Györgyi had isolated from paprika and sent him in the previous year, deduced the correct structure and optical-isomeric nature of the compound, and in 1934 reported its first synthesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is the lactone of 2,3-DIKETOGULONIC ACID and has antiscorbutic activity in man on oral ingestion. (lookformedical.com)
  • Naturally occurring or synthetic substances that inhibit or retard the oxidation of a substance to which it is added. (lookformedical.com)
  • Between 1928 and 1932, Albert Szent-Györgyi isolated a candidate for this substance, which he called it "hexuronic acid", first from plants and later from animal adrenal glands. (wikipedia.org)
  • The substance was originally called "l-hexuronic acid", but when it was found to have vitamin C activity in animals, it was suggested that it be renamed. (zhishangchemical.com)
  • The l isomer is the one most often encountered: it occurs naturally in many foods, and is one form ("vitamer") of vitamin C, an essential nutrient for humans and many animals. (wikipedia.org)
  • Heterologous expression of the genes for both uptake and catabolism of D-galacturonic acid and D-glucuronic acid was required to enable growth of C. glutamicum with either aldohexuronic acid as the sole carbon source. (springeropen.com)
  • Reactive oxygen species are damaging to animals and plants at the molecular level due to their possible interaction with nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. (wikipedia.org)
  • A strong dicarboxylic acid occurring in many plants and vegetables. (lookformedical.com)
  • Utilization of the hexuronic acids D-galacturonic acid (abundant in pectin-rich waste streams such as peels and pulps) and D-glucuronic acid (a component of the side-chains of plant xylans) for growth and production with C. glutamicum has not yet been studied. (springeropen.com)
  • In 1933, sugar chemist Walter Norman Haworth, working with samples of "hexuronic acid" that Szent-Györgyi had isolated from paprika and sent him in the previous year, deduced the correct structure and optical-isomeric nature of the compound, and in 1934 reported its first synthesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Independently, ascorbic acid was synthetized in 1933 by Tadeusz Reichstein (the Nobel Prize laureate in Physiology or Medicine in 1950). (wikipedia.org)