RNAsSense and antisenseOligonucleotideGenesTranscriptOligonucleotidesGenomicsMRNAInstitute of GeneticsGenomesTransposable elementsBiologyFungiEvolutionaryMoleculesDiseasesPromoterRegulatory elementsGene expressionEncodeGenetic elementChairPromotersEvolutionHumanProteinTermsCellsStudyResearchFieldProductionHistoryActive
RNAs6
- Endogenous antisense RNAs function as regulators of gene expression by a variety of mechanisms. (genomicglossaries.com)
- Synthetic antisense RNAs are used to effect the functioning of specific genes for investigative or therapeutic purposes. (genomicglossaries.com)
- Inasmuch as artificial box C/D RNAs decreased viability of transfected human cells, we propose that natural snoRNAs as well as their artificial analogues can influence the maturation of complementary pre-mRNA and can be effective regulators of vital cellular processes. (hindawi.com)
- Box C/D RNAs contain the following functional elements: boxes C and D, which are essential for snoRNA interaction with specific proteins, and a guide sequence that determines the nucleotide to be modified (Figure 1(a) ). (hindawi.com)
- rRNAs and snRNAs are the main natural targets of 2′-O-methylation that is mediated by box C/D RNAs. (hindawi.com)
- Evolutionary conservation of cold-induced antisense RNAs of FLOWERING LOCUS C in Arabidopsis thaliana perennial relatives. (mpg.de)
Sense and antisense2
- ncRNAs with more than 200 nucleotides are considered as lncRNAs, which originate from intronic and exonic regions of protein-coding genes in both sense and antisense strands, as well as from the intergenic regions [ 21 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Many scientists are still confused by the terms sense and antisense when referring to DNA because the terminology has changed over the years. (genomicglossaries.com)
Oligonucleotide3
- Antisense RNA (asRNA), also referred to as antisense transcript, natural antisense transcript (NAT) or antisense oligonucleotide, is a single stranded RNA that is complementary to a protein coding messenger RNA (mRNA) with which it hybridizes, and thereby blocks its translation into protein. (wikipedia.org)
- The idea of asRNAs as drug targets started in 1978 when Zamecnik and Stephenson found an antisense oligonucleotide to the viral RNA of Rous scarcoma virus that was capable of inhibiting viral replication and protein synthesis. (wikipedia.org)
- Moreover, the new research also showed that treating cells with an antisense oligonucleotide, or ASO, reduced the activity of hnRNPR and enhanced the proper processes in SMN2 . (smanewstoday.com)
Genes9
- Using cloned chicken β A -globin genes, either individually or within the natural chromosomal locus, enhancer-dependent transcription is achieved in vitro at a distance of 2 kb with developmentally staged erythroid extracts. (wikiversity.org)
- G3, Genes/Genomes/Genetics. (usda.gov)
- His laboratory participated in disentangling the natural history of the 16p11.2 rearrangements, i.e. their evolution, associated phenotypes and identification of major driver genes. (agbt.org)
- With some genes, alternative splicing to remove or skip over specific exons is a natural process allowing a single gene to encode more than one protein. (smanewstoday.com)
- PEP1 of Arabis alpina Is Encoded by Two Overlapping Genes That Contribute to Natural Genetic Variation in Perennial Flowering. (mpg.de)
- IRPs bind to RNA stem-loops known as iron-responsive elements (IREs) in transcripts that encode iron metabolism genes, including ferritin, transferrin receptor 1, ferroportin, HIF2 alpha, and several other transcripts. (nih.gov)
- Transposable elements can be considered as a source of raw material for primitive genomes, tools of genetic innovation, and ancestors of modern genes (e.g., ncRNA) [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- At a very basic level, we are learning who likes to work with whom to regulate around 20,000 human genes," said Michael Snyder , PhD, professor and chair of genetics at Stanford. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
- The ENCODE, for the Encyclopedia of DNA Elements , project was a five-year collaboration of more than 440 scientists in 32 labs around the world to reveal the complex interplay among regulatory regions, proteins and RNA molecules that governs when and how genes are expressed. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
Transcript3
- To accomplish this, the transcriptional unit is preceded by regulatory elements, such as promoters and enhancers, that modulate production of its protein encoding transcript ( Figure 1.2 ). (ernolaszlo.com)
- Ustilago maydis was used to investigate potential natural antisense transcript (NAT) RNA-mediated mechanisms that enhance fungal adaptation to stress. (trentu.ca)
- Subsequently, antisense transcript expression vectors were created for select NATs and transformed into U. maydis haploid cells. (trentu.ca)
Oligonucleotides2
- More specifically, antisense oligonucleotides that are useful as reagents for target validation , or as drugs, are engineered molecules that differ from natural RNA but that have a base sequence that is recognized as being complementary to a very specific mRNA sequence. (genomicglossaries.com)
- Pharmaceutical biology antisense, antisense DNA, antisense oligonucleotides. (genomicglossaries.com)
Genomics1
- The findings were detailed in " HnRNPR strongly represses splicing of a critical exon associated with spinal muscular atrophy through binding to an exonic AU-rich element ," a study published in the journal Molecular Genetics and Genomics . (smanewstoday.com)
MRNA2
- Highly specific and effective gene silencing of any disease can be achieved by an accurate knowledge of the target mRNA sequence and rational design of its complementary antisense agents for the downregulation of its protein message. (genomicglossaries.com)
- The antisense strand is the template for mRNA synthesis. (genomicglossaries.com)
Institute of Genetics1
- After completion of his postdoctoral training with Dr Roger Brent in the Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and in the Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School in Boston, he moved to the Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM) in Milan in 1998 to lead a research group. (agbt.org)
Genomes2
- Transposable elements (TE) are important components of livestock and poultry genomes, contributing to their genetic diversity, chromatin states, gene regulatory networks, and complex traits of economic value. (biomedcentral.com)
- Transposable elements were initially viewed as "selfish" DNA or "parasitic" elements because of their deleterious effects on host genomes [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Transposable elements5
- Transposable elements will provide invaluable tools for manipulating the frog genome. (biomedcentral.com)
- A genetic toolbox of 'cut-and-paste' DNA transposable elements is now available for use in vertebrates and includes Tol2 and piggyBac . (biomedcentral.com)
- Here, we review the application of transposable elements to modification of the frog genome. (biomedcentral.com)
- Most of these sequences qualify as junk but they are littered with defective transposable elements that are already included in the calculation of junk DNA. (blogspot.com)
- Transposable elements are able to affect conserved and divergent chromatin looping and contribute to cell- and species-specific gene regulation [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Biology1
Fungi1
- A obvious antisense occurs that Typical fungi to offer acreages and stresses assesses encoding in concerns involving Norwegian geometries well not, without viral photosynthesis for the American animals on mountains or the control. (be-mindful.de)
Evolutionary1
- My group applies evolutionary genetics and genomic sciences to basic and translational research of parasitic infectious diseases. (umaryland.edu)
Molecules1
- Various techniques have been developed for targeting cancer cells: gene therapy, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), antibody toxin conjugates, small-molecule inhibitors, antisense molecules, and tumor vaccines. (medscape.com)
Diseases2
- presents an opportunity to manipulate gene expression within the cells to treat various diseases, and acts as a powerful tool for studying gene function utilizing antisense agents to manage the diseases by regulating the expression of the specific factor that actually causes the particular disease. (genomicglossaries.com)
- The lab is actively engaged in trying to treat diseases using antisense strategies. (nih.gov)
Promoter5
- In addition to computational searches and microarrays, some asRNAs were discovered by sequencing cDNA clones as well as mapping promoter elements. (wikipedia.org)
- It is a region of DNA that may contain additional regulatory elements, often with a weaker influence than the proximal promoter . (wikiversity.org)
- The distal promoter element ACACCC has a role regarding base substitution at position -88 in a beta-thalassemic globin gene. (wikiversity.org)
- TcMYC2a was able to affect the expression of GUS reporter gene by binding with the T/G-box, G-box, and E-box, which were the key cis -elements of TASY and TcERF12/15 promoter. (frontiersin.org)
- In maize, a miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (MITE) inserted into the promoter of the NAC gene ( ZmNAC111 ) has been found to enhance drought tolerance at the seedling stage [ 20 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Regulatory elements3
- Beyond the regulatory elements, the only notable difference between both arrangements is the presence in 3′ UTR of a 14 bp additional fragment after the stop codon in the hsp70 A copy in five O 3 + 4 + 7 lines, which was not found in any of the six O ST lines. (biomedcentral.com)
- This is reinforced by the lack of important differential features in the number and structure of regulatory elements between both arrangements, despite the genetic differentiation observed when the complete 5′ and 3′ regulatory regions were considered. (biomedcentral.com)
- cis-Regulatory Elements and Chromatin State Coordinately Control Temporal and Spatial Expression of FLOWERING LOCUS T in Arabidopsis. (mpg.de)
Gene expression1
- For the current study, we performed transcriptome and small RNA sequencing to profile gene expression in SB-induced HCCs in an attempt to clarify the genetic element(s) contributing to tumorigenesis. (prolekarniky.cz)
Encode1
- To do so, they coupled findings from 238 DNA-protein-binding experiments performed by the ENCODE project - a massive, multiyear international effort to identify the functional elements of the human genome - with a laboratory-based technique to identify binding patterns among the proteins themselves. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
Genetic element3
- In addition to identifying Rtl1 as a novel driver of HCC, our study represents one of the first direct in vivo demonstrations of a role for such a co-opted genetic element in promoting carcinogenesis. (prolekarniky.cz)
- Indeed, when it was engineered into fruit flies, any parent carrying this active genetic element passed it on to almost every offspring. (elifesciences.org)
- including the two researchers involved in the 2015 work - have used a new active genetic element called a CopyCat element and more traditional genome editing to analyze the control of a gene that coordinates the formation of a simple structure in a fruit fly - a vein in the wing. (elifesciences.org)
Chair1
Promoters1
- The number of heat-shock elements (HSEs) and GAGA sites on the promoters were identical amongst the O ST and O 3 + 4 + 7 lines analysed. (biomedcentral.com)
Evolution1
- Natural selection in the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in bats created a generalist virus and highly capable human pathogen. (cdc.gov)
Human1
- Monkeys have served as one of the most valuable models for understanding DNA methylation dynamics during early embryogenesis in human due to their similarities in genetics and early embryonic development 17 , 18 . (nature.com)
Protein2
- Exons are segments that carry instructions for the protein, which are separated by other elements called introns. (smanewstoday.com)
- Sam68, another protein that suppresses splicing events, also was found to bind to the AU-rich element, but to a weaker degree than hnRNPR. (smanewstoday.com)
Terms1
- When referring to DNA, the terms should be "transcribed strand" and 'non- transcribed strand" The term antisense would be best reserved for RNA. (genomicglossaries.com)
Cells2
- This approach identified recurrent mutations within the Dlk1-Dio3 imprinted domain, indicating that alteration of one or more elements within the domain provides a selective advantage to cells during the process of hepatocarcinogenesis. (prolekarniky.cz)
- In iron-depleted cells, the proteins bind to RNA stem-loops in transcripts known as iron-responsive elements (IRE). (nih.gov)
Study1
- In study by Ono and coworkers, such an antisense element was placed into HBII-180C box C/D RNA instead of the structural element referred to as the M box [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
Research2
- In late 2008 I joined the University of São Paulo's Medical School at Ribeirão Preto (FMRP-USP) as Assistant Professor to conduct research and teaching activities on bioinformatics at the Genetics Department. (usp.br)
- Active genetic elements have potential applications in many different fields of scientific research. (elifesciences.org)
Field1
- Gregor Mendel was an Austrian monk and botanist whose work with pea plants in the 19th century founded the field of genetics. (elifesciences.org)
Production1
History1
- After a brief stay in Falls Church, we moved to Fairfax, VA, when my father switched from the USGS to a position as assistant director at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. (nobelprize.org)
Active1
- We also demonstrate that self-propagating active genetic elements (CopyCat elements) can efficiently delete and replace the L2-CRM with orthologous sequences from other divergent fly species. (elifesciences.org)