Myocardial mechanical dysfunction. Medical search. Frequent questions

Clinical situations associated with myocardial stunning include: acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with early reperfusion unstable angina after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) after cardiac surgery 'neurogenic' stunned myocardium following an acute cerebrovascular event such as a subarachnoid hemorrhage in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis, chronic myocardial stunning may lead to heart failure Myocardial stunning has been implicated in the development of Takotsubo (Stress) cardiomyopathy. (wikipedia.org)
As previously discussed, the keys to achieving a good outcome in patients with cardiogenic shock are rapid diagnosis, prompt supportive therapy, and expeditious coronary artery revascularization in patients with myocardial ischemia and infarction. (medscape.com)
The diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (MI) is aided by a variety of serum markers, which include creatine kinase (CK) and its subclasses, troponin, myoglobin, and LDH. (medscape.com)
The clinical unit is located at the Department of Cardiology and focuses on prospective studies of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who are treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention. (gu.se)
Myocardial infarction (MI), commonly called heart attack, remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, raising an urgent need for novel therapies. (debuglies.com)
This study investigated whether continuative use of antidepressants (ADs), considered as a proxy of a state of depression, prior to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with a higher mortality afterwards. (debuglies.com)
In high-income countries, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the CHD carrying the highest mortality and morbidity rates [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. (debuglies.com)
Detailed data have shown a drop in the hospitalization rates for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and a rise in the proportion of hospital admissions for other forms (NSTEMI) in the past decade in both Europe and the United States [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. (debuglies.com)
Current American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association and European Society of Cardiology guidelines for the care of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) provide a strong endorsement of the use of beta-blocker therapy, and administration of beta-blocker therapy after STEMI is considered an important quality measure. (hcplive.com)
In the TIMI-IIB (Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction II-B) trial, early intravenous metoprolol followed by oral therapy failed to demonstrate any benefit over deferred oral beta-blocker initiated on day 6. (hcplive.com)
In the Clopidogrel and Metoprolol in Myocardial Infarction Trial (COMMIT), 45,852 patients within 24 hours of suspected STEMI were randomized to intravenous and continued oral metoprolol or placebo. (hcplive.com)
1 Although COVID-19 infection predominantly affects the respiratory system, studies have described a wide spectrum of cardiovascular manifestations, including asymptomatic myocardial injury, myocardial infarction and myocarditis. (touchcardio.com)
She finished her PhD thesis in 2010 which included electromechanical studies in patients with cardiac genetic disorders and patients after myocardial infarction. (ous-research.no)
Reduction in the risk of death, recurrent myocardial infarction (MI), and thromboembolic events such as stroke or systemic embolization after myocardial infarction. (druglib.com)
Objectives To describe the contemporary trends in the use of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) in patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock (AMICS). (bmj.com)
There is no randomised controlled trial to support the use of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) in patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock. (bmj.com)
Comparison of in-hospital data and evolution of ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients between March and April 2020 versus the same period of 2019. (revportcardiol.org)
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has led to significant changes in healthcare systems and its impact on the treatment of cardiovascular conditions, such as ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), is unknown in countries where the healthcare systems were not saturated, as was the case in Portugal. (revportcardiol.org)
Acute right ventricular (RV) failure occurs in multiple settings, including acute myocardial infarction (MI), fulminant myocarditis, acute decompensated heart failure, acute pulmonary embolism, decompensated pulmonary hypertension, following cardiac transplant, and in post-cardiotomy shock. (acc.org)

In this situation, even after ischemia has been relieved (by for instance angioplasty or coronary artery bypass surgery) and myocardial blood flow (MBF) returns to normal, myocardial function is still depressed for a variable period of time, usually days to weeks. (wikipedia.org)
At approximately 30 minutes after the onset of total ischemia the damage becomes irreversible, thereby ending the phase of myocardial stunning. (wikipedia.org)
The generation of oxygen-derived [free radicals] during the initial period of reperfusion after ischemia is believed to contribute to the pathogenesis of myocardial stunning. (wikipedia.org)
Some evidence suggests that brief, repetitive episodes of myocardial ischemia may result in chronic myocardial stunning and ventricular contractile impairment. (wikipedia.org)
Imaging techniques such as echocardiography, ventriculography, and nuclear imaging can be used to detect a contractile dysfunction following reperfusion after an episode of ischemia. (wikipedia.org)
The diagnosis of myocardial stunning must also be differentiated from other conditions such as hibernating myocardium and persistent (silent) subendocardial ischemia, which can also co-exist with superimposed stunning. (wikipedia.org)
The preclinical work focuses on animal models of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, which is an experimental model for STEMI, as well as ex-vivo models of myocardial ischemia. (gu.se)
Those factors include mechanical and reperfusion injuries, ischemia, various burns, UV rays, and radiation [ 4 - 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
Given that these variables will likely be unavailable in the ED, evidence of LV dysfunction, myocardial ischemia, and hypotension are sufficient to initiate treatment for cardiogenic shock in the ED. There are three standard treatment modalities for the treatment of the hemodynamically unfortunate cardiogenic shock patients. (emdocs.net)
Rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group (n=3), myocardial ischemia without reperfusion (PI group, n=3), and myocardial ischemia with reperfusion (IR group, n=4). (elsevierpure.com)

acute kidney injury (frequency and duration of use of diuretics), gastrointestinal dysfunction (frequency and duration on the enteroparesis). (itkinhibitor.com)
Sequelae of an acute MI can be divided into two broad categories: electrical and mechanical consequences (or, as Occam's razor is occasionally dull, both electrical and mechanical problems may occur together). (emdocs.net)
To determine whether these benefits would translate into reduced severity of organ dysfunction, and to assess the drug's safety in this population, the researchers designed the Levosimendan for the Prevention of Acute Organ Dysfunction in Sepsis (LeoPARDS) double-blind, placebo-controlled study. (medscape.com)

Myocardial stunning or transient post-ischemic myocardial dysfunction is a state of mechanical cardiac dysfunction that can occur in a portion of myocardium without necrosis after a brief interruption in perfusion, despite the timely restoration of normal coronary blood flow. (wikipedia.org)
The area of dysfunction should also maintain normal perfusion, detected via Positron Emission Tomography, echocardiography with contrast, and/or thallium scintigraphy in order for a diagnosis of myocardial stunning to be considered. (wikipedia.org)

however, the septic shock in the early onset of sepsis, which induced by cytokine storm and cardiac dysfunction, is also an important cause of death for septic patients, especially for the young patients with toxic shock syndrome or meningococcemia ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
Other TLR-related genes (TLR2, 3, and 9) were demonstrated to be involved in sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction from recent studies. (frontiersin.org)

Subsequent to this is a period of "myocardial stunning," in which reversible ischemic damage is taking place. (wikipedia.org)
From the morphological and nano-mechanical changes in heart mitochondria, we suggested that the outer membranes of mitochondria were broken by myocardial ischemic injury before they became swollen, and the swelling might be correlated with the ischemic injury. (elsevierpure.com)

An increased requirement for pharmacologic or mechanical support in the weaning process was associated with higher morbidity and mortality and longer times on CPB. (medscape.com)
The early postoperative period in CABG patients is associated with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), which is complicated with multiple organ dysfunction and high mortality in 5%-16% of cases (EACTA 2007 data) [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
INTRODUCTION: Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) is a leading cause of 30-day mortality following heart transplantation, and early intervention in PGD may correlate to improved survival. (lu.se)
Exposure variables were serum cTnI concentration on admission, revised pediatric index of mortality (PIM2), pediatric logistic organ dysfunction (PELOD-2), hypotensive shock, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and serum lactate on admission, and malnutrition. (thieme-connect.de)
Diastolic dysfunction and mortality in septic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (thieme-connect.de)
Secondary outcomes were 28-day mortality, time to weaning from mechanical ventilation, and adverse events. (medscape.com)

His clinical focus is the surgical treatment of end-stage cardiopulmonary failure, including heart transplant, heart-lung transplant, lung transplant, mechanical circulatory support (MCS), and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). (stanford.edu)
Temporary mechanical circulatory support devices for RV failure are an attractive option because the RV function often improves sufficiently in a short period of time to allow for device removal. (acc.org)

We classified the disease as severe in the presence of severe sepsis, septic shock, or organ dysfunction, which were defined according to standard definitions ( 8 ). (cdc.gov)
Adding the calcium sensitizer levosimendan to standard care for patients with septic shock does not lessen the incidence or severity of organ dysfunction in affected adults, a phase 2 randomized controlled trial has shown. (medscape.com)

Myocardial stunning was first described in laboratory canine experiments in the 1970s where LV wall abnormalities were observed following coronary artery occlusion and subsequent reperfusion. (wikipedia.org)

Pharmacologic agents ( inotropes and vasopressors ) should only address the immediate hemodynamic concerns caused by systolic dysfunction as treatment of the diastolic failure (nitrates, diuresis) component would risk exacerbating the hypotension. (emdocs.net)
Many of these patients are at increased risk of bleeding because of hepatic dysfunction induced by congestion and/or hypotension encountered with RV failure. (acc.org)

The pathophysiology of sepsis includes inflammation, immune dysfunction, and dysfunction of coagulation, while sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy ( SIC ), defined as a global but reversible dysfunction of both sides of the heart induced by sepsis, plays a significant role in all of the aspects above in the pathogenesis of sepsis. (frontiersin.org)
The pathophysiology of sepsis includes inflammation, immune dysfunction, and coagulation disorders. (frontiersin.org)
6 Fenton KE, Parker MM. Cardiac function and dysfunction in sepsis. (thieme-connect.de)

Accurate detection of regional myocardial blood flow and contraction function abnormalities must be detected at levels of high sensitivity. (wikipedia.org)
This increase in calcium serves to maintain contraction in the face of myofilament dysfunction and, it seems to be mediated by autophosphorylation of calcium-calmodulin protein kinase II (CAMKII). (whiterose.ac.uk)
Primarily indicated for the short-term treatment of acutely decompensated severe chronic heart failure , levosimendan increases myocardial contraction without markedly increasing oxygen demand. (medscape.com)

Further, patients who received adjunctive levosimendan therapy were less likely to be weaned from mechanical ventilation than those who received standard care alone, and they had a higher risk for supraventricular tachyarrhythmia. (medscape.com)
Stroke-related complications were increased in stroke with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy compared with without (from adjusted OR 1.23 for nonroutine discharge to adjusted OR 1.93 for mechanical ventilation). (cdc.gov)

SARS-CoV-2 infection primarily affects the pulmonary system, but accumulating evidence suggests that it also affects the pan-vasculature in the extrapulmonary systems by directly (via virus infection) or indirectly (via cytokine storm), causing endothelial dysfunction (endotheliitis, endothelialitis and endotheliopathy) and multi-organ injury. (nature.com)
We envisage further development of cellular models and suitable animal models mimicking endothelial dysfunction aspect of COVID-19 being able to accelerate the discovery of new drugs targeting endothelial dysfunction in pan-vasculature from COVID-19 patients. (nature.com)
A number of viral species, such as dengue, ebola and cytomegalovirus can infect endothelial cells (ECs) and cause endothelial dysfunction [ 5 ]. (nature.com)
Taken together, the concerted actions of above factors lead to dysfunctional status of the vascular endothelium (endothelial dysfunction) (Fig. 1 ) [ 14 ]. (nature.com)
Fig. 1: SARS-CoV-2 induced endothelial dysfunction. (nature.com)
SARS-CoV-2 infection alters the balance of endothelial protective molecules and endothelial damaging molecules, leading to endothelial dysfunction. (nature.com)
The complex pathogenesis of SIC involves a combination of dysregulation of inflammatory mediators, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, disorder of calcium regulation, autonomic nervous system dysregulation, and endothelial dysfunction. (frontiersin.org)

The purpose of this review is to provide a latest summary of biomarkers associated with endothelial cell activation in COVID-19 and offer mechanistic insights into the molecular basis of endothelial activation/dysfunction in macro- and micro-vasculature of COVID-19 patients. (nature.com)
Echocardiographic findings in COVID-19 patients include left or right ventricular dysfunction, including abnormal longitudinal strain and focal wall motion abnormalities, valvular dysfunction and pericardial effusion. (touchcardio.com)
2-5 More recently, speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) has been used to detect subclinical myocardial dysfunction in patients with COVID-19. (touchcardio.com)
Echocardiography is a commonly used imaging tool for the evaluation of cardiac structure and function in patients with COVID-19 and suspected myocardial injury. (touchcardio.com)
Recent data suggest that immune dysfunction may contribute to poor outcomes among patients who have COVID-19 and hypertension. (medscape.com)
RESULTS: Of the total cohort (n = 63), eight patients (13%) were diagnosed with severe graft dysfunction within 7 days. (lu.se)
Patients with high CK-MB had an increased risk for severe graft dysfunction with unadjusted Odds Ratio (OR) of 4.5 (95%CI .96-21.11 P = .057) and adjusted OR of 7.4 (95%CI 1.13-48.46, P = .037. (lu.se)
Patients with single-right ventricle (RV) physiology are at increased risk for myocardial dysfunction and mechanical dyssynchrony. (thoracickey.com)
For patients with a bileaflet mechanical valve or a Medtronic Hall (Minneapolis, MN) tilting disk valve in the aortic position who are in sinus rhythm and without left atrial enlargement, therapy with warfarin to a target INR of 2.5 (range, 2 to 3) is recommended. (druglib.com)
For patients with tilting disk valves and bileaflet mechanical valves in the mitral position, therapy with warfarin to a target INR of 3 (range, 2.5 to3.5) is recommended. (druglib.com)

Elevated left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) is a consequence of compromised left ventricular compliance and an important measure of myocardial dysfunction. (doctorpenguin.com)

In the patient who presents with cardiogenic shock (see later) and develops malignant ventricular arrhythmias, most other antiarrhythmics other than amiodarone will suppress myocardial contractility and should be avoided. (emdocs.net)

Methods and Results: We developed a rodent model of post arrest myocardial depression (DCD model) using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for resuscitation, followed by invasive haemodynamic measurements. (whiterose.ac.uk)
The primary outcome was severe PGD or the need for veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation within 7 days, referred to as severe graft dysfunction. (lu.se)

Overview of Arrhythmias The normal heart beats in a regular, coordinated way because electrical impulses generated and spread by myocytes with unique electrical properties trigger a sequence of organized myocardial. (msdmanuals.com)

Currently there are both surgical and percutaneous options for mechanical RV support. (acc.org)

They defined complex or very difficult separation from CPB as at least one failure of the first separation attempt or the need for mechanical support (an IABP or ventricular assist device) to leave the operating room (OR). (medscape.com)
If additional risk factors for thromboembolism are present (AF, previous thromboembolism, left ventricular dysfunction), a target INR of 2.5 (range, 2 to 3) is recommended. (druglib.com)
Identification of phenotypes of myocardial dysfunction evidenced by elevated LVEDP and knowledge of factors promoting transition to clusters with higher levels of left ventricular filling pressures could permit early risk stratification and improve patient selection for novel therapeutic interventions. (doctorpenguin.com)

More recently, speckle-tracking echocardiography has been shown to be effective in demonstrating subclinical myocardial dysfunction that is often not detected in standard echocardiography. (touchcardio.com)

Here we review the complications (classified as mechanical or systemic) of both rigid and flexible bronchoscopy in hope of making practitioners who are operators of these tools, and those who consult others for interventions, aware of potential problems, and pitfalls in order to enhance patient safety and comfort. (lww.com)
We discuss complications of both flexible and rigid bronchoscopy, categorizing them as mechanical or systemic for improved clarity. (lww.com)

Some evidence supports the use of inotropic drugs in the case of severe myocardial dysfunction. (wikipedia.org)

We also simultaneously investigated the nano-mechanical changes in rat heart mitochondria by injury using force-distance curve measurements. (elsevierpure.com)

Cardiac troponin-I (cTnI) is a biomarker of myocardial injury with implications for clinical outcomes. (thieme-connect.de)

Together with Thor Edvardsen, the center director, Haugaa is a principal investigator for center workpackage focusing on risk assessment for sudden cardiac death (SCD) and myocardial function. (ous-research.no)

We have a limited understanding of Post cardiac arrest myocardial depression due to the lack of a good physiological model of the disease. (whiterose.ac.uk)
The endotoxin-induced myocardial dysfunction probably depends on the toll-like receptor (TLR) 4-induced cytokines release as a delay in onset of myocardial depression after endotoxin administration ( 10 ). (frontiersin.org)

The ensuing vasoplegia, coagulopathy, and depressed myocardial function present numerous challenges during the weaning process, as well as during the following hours in the intensive care unit (ICU). (medscape.com)

Hearts from DCD donors have not been utilized as there is a fear that they will have sustained irreversible myocardial injury post cardiac arrest. (whiterose.ac.uk)

Objective: To develop a model of in-vivo cardiac arrest and resuscitation in order to characterize the biology of the associated myocardial dysfunction and test potential therapeutic strategies. (whiterose.ac.uk)
Two-dimensional STE has been introduced as an angle-independent method to characterize local and global myocardial deformation. (thoracickey.com)

Complications can be roughly categorized as Electrical dysfunction (conduction. (msdmanuals.com)

Treatment considerations for myocardial stunning should be determined based on the clinical judgment of the cardiologist or physician, the degree of LV impairment and symptoms, and the wishes of the person. (wikipedia.org)
Myocardial strain imaging: How useful is it in clinical decision making? (crossref.org)

Caution should be applied to use of chronotropes and inotropes as they may increase myocardial oxygen demand (ex: isoproterenol). (emdocs.net)

Cardiac troponins T and I are widely used for the diagnosis of myocardial injury. (medscape.com)
Following MI, the cells increase in number and move to the damaged heart, where they terminate inflammation and protect against further injury and dysfunction. (debuglies.com)
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role in mediating both the necrotic and apoptotic components of reperfusion injury. (elsevierpure.com)
As a result, shape measurement parameters for the quantitative analysis of mitochondrial swelling could be very effective for evaluating the myocardial injury. (elsevierpure.com)

The underlying mechanisms of myocardial stunning have remained the subject of debate for several decades. (wikipedia.org)
however, here, we focus on the mechanisms of cardiomyocyte dysfunction and treatments of SIC and hope to provide further insights for the management of SIC . (frontiersin.org)

Results from canine experimental trials investigating the oxygen free-radical hypothesis for myocardial stunning have shown a reduction in free radical generation and improvement in myocardial function following anti-oxidant infusion. (wikipedia.org)
Acidosis can have a particularly deleterious effect on myocardial function. (medscape.com)
In isolated cardiomyocytes, we assessed mechanical load and Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release (CICR) simultaneously using the microcarbon fiber technique and observed reduced function and myofilament calcium sensitivity in the post arrest group. (whiterose.ac.uk)
These data show that acclimation to hypoxia has a direct effect on cod myocardial function and/or physiology, and suggest that the cod heart shows some adaptations to prolonged hypoxia. (biologists.com)

The severity of the inflammatory response from CPB cannot always be anticipated, and rare mechanical or technical problems can arise that contribute to a difficult transition off CPB. (medscape.com)

Introduction: Bariatric surgery is routinely performed on obese women of reproductive age, most commonly with the laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass procedures (RYGB). (bvsalud.org)

Mechanical complications of bronchoscopy are primarily related to airway manipulations or bleeding. (lww.com)

Myocardial dysfunction in septic shock. (thieme-connect.de)

Anatomy13

Organisms6

Diseases20

Chemicals and Drugs8

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment27

Psychiatry and Psychology5

Phenomena and Processes33

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Health Care8

Infarction19

Ischemia10

Acute3

Perfusion2

Cardiac dysfunction2

Ischemic2

Mortality6

Circulatory support2

Organ dysfunction2

Coronary1

Hypotension2

Sepsis3

Contraction3

Ventilation2

Endothelial dysfunction7

Patients10

Diastolic1

Contractility1

Extracorporeal membrane ox2

Arrhythmias1

Percutaneous1

Ventricular3

Echocardiography1

Systemic2

Severe1

Mitochondria1

Outcomes1

Sudden cardi1

Depression2

Coagulopathy1

Irreversible1

Characterize2

Conduction1

Clinical2

Oxygen demand1

Injury4

Mechanisms2

Function4

Inflammatory1

Commonly1

Complications1

Shock1