Worldwide morbidity and mortality from acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and related heart failure remain high. (hindawi.com)
Among clinical emergency events, ST-segment elevation (STE) or the non-STE electrocardiogram diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is particularly common worldwide, with a staggering number of annual first episodes as well as recurrent ones [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Remote ischaemic conditioning before hospital admission, as a complement to angioplasty, and effect on myocardial salvage in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a randomised trial. (ox.ac.uk)
METHODS: 333 consecutive adult patients with a suspected first acute myocardial infarction were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio by computerised block randomisation to receive primary percutaneous coronary intervention with (n=166 patients) versus without (n=167) remote conditioning (intermittent arm ischaemia through four cycles of 5-min inflation and 5-min deflation of a blood-pressure cuff). (ox.ac.uk)
Objective: To assess if the combination of cardiac troponin (cTn) and Ischemia Modified Albumin (IMA) can be used for early exclusion of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). (westminster.ac.uk)
Reperfusion12
While effective early reperfusion of the criminal coronary artery after a confirmed AMI is the typical treatment at present, collateral myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) and pertinent cardioprotection are still challenging to address and have inadequately understood mechanisms. (hindawi.com)
However, while myocardial reperfusion is well established, the process itself can trigger myocardial reperfusion injury by causing further cardiomyocyte death through multiple pathophysiological mechanisms [ 3 - 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
This coupled comorbidity of pathological ischemia and therapeutic reinjury of infarcted myocardium, namely, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI), is particularly refractory to treatment [ 4 , 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
Conceptual diagram of the development and unknown mechanisms of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. (hindawi.com)
Ischaemic reperfusion injury (IRI) after tourniquet release during total knee arthroplasty (TKR) is related to postoperative cerebral complications. (medsci.org)
Tourniquet release during the late period of TKR can induce ischaemic-reperfusion injury, eliciting the activation of neutrophils, circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, and reactive oxygen species [ 2 , 3 ]. (medsci.org)
Rapid, complete, and sustained reperfusion of the infarct-related coronary artery is a cornerstone in the treatment of acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). (dovepress.com)
3 In 2003, Zhao and et all published experimental data demonstrating a considerable reduction of infarct size by a reperfusion procedure termed ischemic postconditioning (IPost), consisting of brief, repetitive cycles of reperfusion and reocclusion, followed by sustained reperfusion. (dovepress.com)
The present study aimed to investigate the roles of miR‑132 in myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and the underlying mechanisms. (spandidos-publications.com)
Ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is the most important and common cause of myocardial damage and subsequent heart failure worldwide ( 1 , 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Ischaemic preconditioning results in a reduction in ischaemic-reperfusion injury to the heart. (uea.ac.uk)
Infarct size2
For the end point infarct size, estimated by biomarkers of myocardial necrosis, an overall pooled effect was SMD =−0.58, 95% CI: −0.96 to −0.19. (dovepress.com)
MG53 KO mice lack IPC-mediated cardioprotection as evidenced by a failure of IPC to reduce IR-induced myocardial infarct size. (biomedcentral.com)
Infarction3
We aimed to summarize the evidence from randomized clinical trials studies examining the efficacy of ischemic postconditioning (IPost) in ST-elevation myocardial infarction. (dovepress.com)
We tested the hypothesis that remote ischaemic conditioning during evolving ST-elevation myocardial infarction, and done before primary percutaneous coronary intervention, increases myocardial salvage. (ox.ac.uk)
In the absence of ischemic preconditioning (IPC), MCAO induces a large infarction (ischemia-sensitive phenotype). (biomedcentral.com)
Myocardium2
This beneficial effect is seen both with direct local preconditioning of the myocardium and with remote preconditioning of easily accessible distant non-vital limb tissue. (uea.ac.uk)
and is an intrinsic process through which repeated short episodes of ischemia are instituted to protect the myocardium against subsequent ischemic insults [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Confers2
Ischaemic preconditioning describes the phenomenon where transient and brief ischaemia confers protection against a subsequent prolonged and injurious period of ischaemia. (medsci.org)
Ischaemic postconditioning with a comparable sequence of brief periods of local ischaemia, when applied immediately after the ischaemic insult, confers benefits similar to preconditioning. (uea.ac.uk)
Cardiac1
BACKGROUND: Remote ischaemic preconditioning attenuates cardiac injury at elective surgery and angioplasty. (ox.ac.uk)
RIPC4
Remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) is known to minimise IRI in previous studies. (medsci.org)
Meanwhile, the organ protective effect of ischaemic preconditioning could be induced when the episodic ischaemia is at distant tissues or organs, the concept being termed remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) [ 9 ]. (medsci.org)
The application of RIPC into clinical fields is more useful than ischaemic preconditioning because it is easy to apply briefly preceding ischaemia to distant organs such as the limbs. (medsci.org)
Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) may confer the protection in critical organs. (silverchair.com)
Ischaemia1
However, it is not easy to apply ischaemic preconditioning in a clinical setting because brief organ ischaemia should be preceded after real ischaemic time [ 8 ]. (medsci.org)
Transient2
Ischemic tolerance defines transient resistance to lethal ischemia gained by a prior sublethal noxious stimulus (i.e., preconditioning). (biomedcentral.com)
In humans, transient ischemic attacks may be the clinical correlate of preconditioning leading to ischemic tolerance. (biomedcentral.com)
Ischemia3
The pathophysiological nature of MIRI is the short-term disturbance of myocardial energy and metabolism caused by reflow after ischemia and hypoxia in the coronary artery and the dynamic changes in apoptosis and the prosurvival signaling pathways in response to related injury factors. (hindawi.com)
The fate of the brain tissue after focal cerebral ischemia is determined by the degree and duration of ischemia, and even without preconditioning, resident brain cells naturally respond to brain ischemia by mobilizing a host of defences and counter responses to mitigate cell injury and death [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
When the lethal ischemic insult is applied onto this latent protective phenotype, a separate set of responses are triggered that constitute ischemia-tolerant phenotype, which strikingly differs from the unprimed or unpreconditioned brain's phenotype (Figure 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
Cerebral1
Since the first landmark experimental demonstration of ischemic tolerance in the gerbil brain in early 1990's, basic scientific knowledge on the mechanisms of cerebral ischemic tolerance increased substantially. (biomedcentral.com)
Induce1
Myocardial I/R injury may induce cell apoptosis and autophagy by activating oxidative stress and upregulating inflammatory mediators, ultimately resulting in irreversible fibrotic damage ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Clinical1
Methods This study was a post hoc analysis of the Effect of Remote Ischemic Preconditioning on Clinical Outcomes in Patient Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery trial involving adult patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft. (bmj.com)
Subsequent1
In the scenario of IT, PC stimulus primes the brain for subsequent injurious ischemic injury. (biomedcentral.com)
Tissues2
Haematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to observe the injury of myocardial tissues. (spandidos-publications.com)
miR‑132 was significantly upregulated and SIRT1 was markedly downregulated in I/R myocardial tissues. (spandidos-publications.com)
Mechanisms3
However, despite numerous studies on myocardial I/R injury, deeper insight into the underlying mechanisms of myocardial I/R injury is needed. (spandidos-publications.com)
However, few studies have focused on the role of miR-132 in myocardial I/R injury and the underlying mechanisms. (spandidos-publications.com)
Danger signal evoked in the brain by the stressing preconditioning stimulus induces complex endogenous protective mechanisms resulting to a latent protective phenotype. (biomedcentral.com)
Serum2
Commercial kits were used to measure the levels of serum myocardial enzymes and inflammatory factors. (spandidos-publications.com)
Apparent histologic injury and elevated levels of serum myocardial enzymes and inflammatory factors were observed in the myocardial I/R model. (spandidos-publications.com)
Admission1
INTERPRETATION: Remote ischaemic conditioning before hospital admission increases myocardial salvage, and has a favourable safety profile. (ox.ac.uk)
Phenomenon1
This phenomenon named as preconditioning (PC) and tolerance has been shown to exist in many organs, most extensively in the heart. (biomedcentral.com)
Protective1
Considering that tourniquet application during TKR is related to ischaemic injury, the organ protective effect of ischaemic preconditioning can have a beneficial role after tourniquet release during TKR. (medsci.org)
Common1
Various noxious stimuli can precondition the brain, presumably through a common mechanism, genomic reprogramming. (biomedcentral.com)
Role1
It has been reported that SIRT1/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator (PGC)-1α/nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signalling can mediate oxidative stress, which plays an important role in myocardial I/R injury ( 14 , 15 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Ischemic preconditioning is associated with robust cerebroprotection in animals. (biomedcentral.com)
Study1
The findings of the present study indicated that inhibition of miR‑132 may ameliorate myocardial I/R injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and pyroptosis through activation of PGC‑1α/Nrf2 signalling by targeting SIRT1. (spandidos-publications.com)