Myelin that surrounds. Medical search. Frequent questions

Nerves are made up of axons (nerve fibers) surrounded by a myelin sheath. (medicalnewstoday.com)
All axons (with very, very rare exceptions) are surrounded by a myelin sheath. (scirp.org)
Axons are closely associated with glial cells which, on the one hand, surround them with an electrically insulating myelin sheath and, on the other hand support their long-term function. (sciencedaily.com)
however, myelin can do much more than act as the insulating layer on electricity cables: it increases the transmission speed of the axons and also reduces ongoing energy consumption. (sciencedaily.com)
This includes regulation of the maintenance and regeneration of myelin, the membrane that surrounds neuronal axons, which is required for axonal health and function. (nature.com)
Molecules from the myelin sheath surrounding their axons actively discourage growth. (harvard.edu)
The myelin sheaths of nerve cells in the human brain are lamellar membranes surrounding the neuronal axons. (mytum.de)
The myelin layers are important to the central nervous system as they ensure the rapid and uninterrupted communication of signals along the neuronal axons. (mytum.de)
We can see the myelin sheaths of the neuronal axons and we can distinguish the layers which have a thickness of 17.6 nanometers", details Prof. Robert Feidenhans'l from the Niels-Bohr-Institute in Copenhagen. (mytum.de)
Oligodendrocytes are responsible for axonal regulation and the generation and maintenance of the myelin sheath that surrounds axons. (abcam.com)
MS is primarily a demyelinating disorder where the myelin sheath surrounding neuronal axons (white matter) begins to degenerate due to an auto-immune attack. (news-medical.net)
As more areas or nerves are affected by this loss of myelin, patients develop symptoms because the ability of axons to conduct impulses is diminished or lost. (medicinenet.com)
Spinal cord injuries as well as neurodegenerative diseases are caused by abrupt or progressing damage in axons or myelin tissue. (europa.eu)
The white matter in nervous tissue mainly consists of long axons, typically a few microns diameter, surrounded by semi-permeable myelin sheath, which is a barrier for water diffusion. (europa.eu)
It is a protective covering which surrounds nerve axons which is responsible for proper conduction of nerve impulse throughout body. (planetayurveda.com)
Multiple Sclerosis is a non-hereditary disease in which the fatty myelin sheaths that surround the axons in the brain and spinal cord are damaged. (koreaherald.com)
A Look at Myelin and Myelin-Related Disorders Myelin is the protective sheath around axons in the nervous system, and is often referred to as 'white matter. (bartleby.com)
central nervous system that has the potential to cause significant disability in those affected through the body's immune system attacking and destroying the myelin sheaths surrounding the axons. (bartleby.com)
The myelin sheath is where the nerve axons serve as an electrical insulator that speeds up nerve impulses to muscles and other effectors. (bartleby.com)
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a type of autoimmune disease in which the myelin sheath that covers axons and speeds up the transmission of nerve impulse in the brain is damaged or destroyed. (bartleby.com)
Many thick axons are surrounded by glial cells, which contain a fatty white substance, myelin. (lu.se)

MS can break down the coating, called myelin, that surrounds and protects your nerves. (webmd.com)
As myelin breaks down, your nerves and nerve fibers get frayed. (webmd.com)
Damage to myelin disrupts the ability of nerves to transmit information to nerve cells, resulting in neurological disability. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The immune system of a person with MS attacks the protective layer which surrounds the nerves. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Areas of missing myelin and areas of scarring along the affected nerves result in slowed or disrupted nervous conduction and muscle dysfunction. (encyclopedia.com)
The nerves are surrounded by a protective insulation - a white myelin sheath. (canceractive.com)
In the case of MS, the body attacks and destroys the protective sheath that surrounds your nerves. (pilatesfoundation.com)
The damage to and destruction of the myelin eventually affects the nerves. (pilatesfoundation.com)
MS damages or destroys the protective covering (known as myelin) surrounding the nerves of the CNS, and can potentially injure the nerves as well. (nasdaq.com)
With MS, the body's own immune cells attack the layer of tissue (called myelin) that surrounds and protects the nerves. (rchsd.org)
The myelin sheaths surrounding cranial and spinal nerves are formed by which of the following cells? (proprofs.com)
A demyelinating disease is any condition that causes damage to the protective covering (myelin sheath) that surrounds nerve fibers in your brain, the nerves leading to the eyes (optic nerves) and spinal cord. (mayoclinic.org)
MOG antibodies damage the protective covering (myelin sheath) that surrounds nerve fibres in the brain, optic nerves, and spinal cord, so messages cannot pass along these nerves effectively, causing symptoms such as vision loss, muscle weakness, and pain. (eurekalert.org)
If this condition happens, the myelin sheath that protects and also surrounds the nerves within the spine, tend to deteriorate. (k9magazinefree.com)
When the myelin sheath is damaged, nerves cannot conduct the electrical impulses efficiently. (bartleby.com)
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy is thought to be caused by an autoimmune reaction that damages the myelin sheath around nerves. (msdmanuals.com)
When the myelin sheath is damaged (called demyelination), nerves do not conduct electrical impulses normally. (msdmanuals.com)

This conduction is indeed very different and faster than for fibres "without" myelin. (scirp.org)
They are responsible for the formation of the fat-rich myelin sheath that surrounds the nerve fibres as an insulating layer. (sciencedaily.com)
The myelin also helps speed up all messages travelling in the fibres. (canceractive.com)
Copaxone is a synthetic combination of four amino acids, resembling the myelin protein surrounding nerve fibres. (mstrust.org.uk)
Intermittent attacks destroy the myelin sheath, i.e. the layer which surrounds the nerve fibres, causing multiple neurological symptoms. (css.ch)
Multiple sclerosis (MS) occurs when a person's immune cells attack the protective insulation, known as myelin, that surrounds nerve fibres. (neurosciencenews.com)

The blood of people with MS revealed increased levels of activation and cellular division among those T cells attacking the body's myelin sheaths that surround nerve cells. (eurekalert.org)

A tortuous axon is surrounded by abnormally discontinuous myelin. (medscape.com)
The myelin sheath may be compact and spiralling around the axon or it may be non-compact and form a simple envelope around the axon. (scirp.org)
The axon (an extension of a nerve cell) is surrounded by a covering, like insulation, called myelin. (nih.gov)
The myelin sheath surrounding the axon speeds up the transmission of nerve signals and allows the transmission of signals over long distances. (nih.gov)
Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells form myelin by wrapping around the axon. (bartleby.com)

Schwannomas are benign tumours arising from Schwann cells, which form the myelin sheaths surrounding the peripheral nervous system. (bmj.com)
These layers form the myelin sheath. (msdmanuals.com)

Multiple sclerosis results from the progressive deterioration of the protective fatty myelin sheath surrounding nerve cells. (sciencedaily.com)
These mutations can disrupt the normal production and maintenance of myelin, the protective sheath surrounding nerve fibers, or damage the nerve fibers themselves. (globenewswire.com)

Myelin acts as insulation on electrical wires. (medicinenet.com)
Myelin is rich in lipids and proteins that form layers around the nerve fibers and acts as insulation and protection. (bartleby.com)
Much like the insulation around an electrical wire, the myelin sheath enables nerve signals (electrical impulses) to be conducted along the nerve fiber with speed and accuracy. (msdmanuals.com)

MS occurs when the immune system attacks myelin, leaving scars or lesions in the demyelinated areas of the brain and spinal cord. (medicalnewstoday.com)
In MS, the immune system attacks the myelin sheath, the fatty tissue that surrounds and protects nerve fibers, as well as the nerve fibers themselves. (va.gov)
Sometimes the myelin can repair itself and the MS symptoms go away after the immune attack, or relapse. (va.gov)
It is thought to act as a chemical decoy which diverts an immune attack away from your myelin. (mstrust.org.uk)
In this disorder, your immune system attacks the myelin sheath or the cells that produce and maintain it. (mayoclinic.org)
MS is an autoimmune disease, driven by other types of immune cells (including B and T cells) that attack myelin, the protective coating that surrounds nerve fibers. (scienceblog.com)
The body's own immune cells attack and damage the layer that surrounds nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, which affects their ability to communicate with each other. (eurekalert.org)
Multiple sclerosis is a disease that involves an immune-mediated process that results in an abnormal response in the body's immune system that damages central nervous system (CNS) tissues in which the immune system attacks myelin, the substance that surrounds and insulates nerve fibers causing demyelination that leads to nerve damage. (medicinenet.com)
MS is also categorized as an autoimmune disease in which the immune system instigates an immune response upon encountering the specific myelin antigen and therefore initiating a constant degradation of the myelin sheath. (bartleby.com)
The body's immune system attacks the myelin sheath, which surrounds the nerve and enables nerve impulses to travel quickly. (msdmanuals.com)

When any part of the myelin sheath or nerve fiber is damaged or destroyed, nerve impulses traveling to and from the brain and spinal cord are distorted or interrupted, causing a wide variety of symptoms. (va.gov)
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) - inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system, predominantly of the optic nerve and spinal cord. (mayoclinic.org)
Multiple sclerosis ( MS ) is a disease that causes demyelination (disruption of the myelin that insulates and protects nerve cells) of spinal nerve and brain cells. (medicinenet.com)
Driven by inflammatory and neuro-degenerative processes, MS damages the myelin sheath, the material that surrounds and protects nerve cells, resulting in axonal damage in the brain and spinal cord. (biospace.com)
The affected spinal cord had regional rarefaction of both gray and white matter and marked variation in myelin sheath size. (cdc.gov)

The findings suggest that the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody is associated with a wider range of life-threatening autoimmune conditions than previously thought, including neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and encephalitis, which cause severe neurological (brain and nervous system) symptoms such as vision loss, muscle weakness, and loss of coordination and speech. (eurekalert.org)

MS is caused by damage to the myelin sheath. (medlineplus.gov)
As previously mentioned, MS causes damage to myelin. (medicalnewstoday.com)
In this Review, we discuss recent work that reveals the changes in white matter with ageing and neurodegenerative disease, how this relates to microglia dynamics during myelin damage and regeneration, and factors that influence the regenerative functions of microglia. (nature.com)
The symptoms of transverse myelitis are due to damage and/or destruction of the myelin sheath , the fatty white covering of nerve fibers that serves both to insulate the nerve fibers and to speed nervous conduction along them. (encyclopedia.com)
The development of these diseases are still not fully understood," says Franz Pfeiffer, Professor for Biomedical Physics at TUM, "but are thought to be related to the damage of the myelin layers, so that messages from the brain reach the various parts of the body poorly or not at all. (mytum.de)
This damage is called demyelination and the scar tissues that develop when myelin is damaged are called sclerosis, also known as lesions or plaques. (va.gov)
However over time, the myelin and underlying nerve fibers cannot recover and suffer permanent damage. (va.gov)
However, diagnoses are often made with a combination of neurological assessments, MRI scans to observe myelin damage (which can confirm MS diagnoses), as well as evoked potential tests which can determine the speed of nervous transmission (which would be slower in MS). Blood tests may be used to rule out other conditions. (news-medical.net)
Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is one of a group of genetic disorders called the leukodystrophies that cause damage to the myelin sheath, an insulating membrane that surrounds nerve cells in the brain. (news-medical.net)
The damage of the myelin sheath is caused by inflammation of the brain, and may have significant damages to other areas as well. (bartleby.com)
Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease caused by damage to the myelin sheath, the protective covering that surrounds nerve cells, according to the National Center for Biotechnology Information. (massagemag.com)

Fig. 1: Myelin dynamics: from changes in structure to demyelination to remyelination. (nature.com)

Once scars in the myelin, known as lesions, appeared in conventional MRI scans, Rauscher and his colleagues went back to earlier frequency-based images of those patients. (neurosciencenews.com)

This damages the protective layer (called myelin) that surrounds the nerve and keeps it from communicating pain to your brain. (mountsinai.org)

Interestingly, the function of the oligodendrocytes goes far beyond the mere provision of myelin. (sciencedaily.com)
Glycolytic oligodendrocytes maintain myelin and long-term axonal integrity. (nature.com)

The extreme importance of myelin for a functioning nervous system is shown by the diseases that arise from a defective insulating layer, such as multiple sclerosis. (sciencedaily.com)
Myelin is damaged with normal ageing and in several neurodegenerative diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer disease. (nature.com)
The new approach can map, for example, the myelin sheaths of nerve cells, and can provide valuable information for research on multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. (mytum.de)
Changes in the myelin layers are associated with a number of neurodegenerative disorders such as cerebral malaria, multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease. (mytum.de)
Multiple sclerosis - It also aids in the repair of myelin sheath. (planetayurveda.com)

It attacks and destroys myelin. (webmd.com)

For more than 70 years, biologists and biophysicists have been trying to unravel the mystery surrounding the saltatory conduction of so-called myelinated neurons. (scirp.org)
The breakdown of myelin impedes the electrical signals transmitted between neurons, leading to a range of symptoms, including numbness or weakness, vision loss, tremors, dizziness and fatigue. (neurosciencenews.com)

In the peripheral nervous system, myelin is made of a Schwann cell. (bartleby.com)

The molecule appears to mediate the inhibitory signals of both myelin and proteoglycans from the glial scar - a convergence of pathways in a field that has become increasingly complex. (harvard.edu)
One type-myelin-surrounds the nerve fibers and allows them to carry signals through the nervous system. (futurity.org)
If the myelin sheath is lost, the cells can no longer conduct signals. (futurity.org)
The Myelin Sheath: Essential for Rapid Saltatory Conduction The synthesis and maintenance of the myelin sheath is critical for normal neural function because myelination is responsible for the saltatory conduction of action potentials that significantly increases the conduction velocity of electrical signals (Bartzokis, 2004). (bartleby.com)

The loss of myelin hinders nerve cells from communicating with one another, leading to a host of neurological symptoms including loss of sensation, muscle spasms and weakness, fatigue, and pain. (sciencedaily.com)

We can get a complete overview over the concentration and thickness of the myelin and this gives of the ability to determine whether the destruction of the myelin is occurring in spots or across the entire sample", he explains. (mytum.de)

Given the lack of approved therapies targeting myelin maintenance or regeneration, it is imperative to understand the mechanisms by which microglia support and restore myelin health to identify potential therapeutic approaches. (nature.com)
Fig. 3: Mechanisms regulating microglial function during myelin regeneration: intrinsic versus extrinsic influences. (nature.com)
In the latest research, with mice, Clemastine caused significant regeneration of the myelin sheath and improved the animals' cognitive function following chemotherapy treatment. (canceractive.com)

Most nerve fibers inside and outside the brain are wrapped with many layers of tissue composed of a fat (lipoprotein) called myelin. (msdmanuals.com)

This has the advantage in healthy glial cells that the metabolic products which arise during the breaking down of glucose can be used as components for myelin synthesis. (sciencedaily.com)
Nematodes were surrounded by hemorrhage and small numbers of eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages, and glial cells. (cdc.gov)

1. Myelin are important parts of the nervous system, they are "capable of responding to experiences for learning and long-term behavioral capacity" (Myelinate). (bartleby.com)

The word Multiple refers to many areas and Sclerosis refers to the scar of the myelin sheath. (bartleby.com)

This attack causes inflammation and injury to the nerve sheath and ultimately to the nerve fibers that it surrounds. (mayoclinic.org)

In my presentation, I will summarize recent QENS and NSE results on the dynamics of the intrinsically disordered myelin basic protein (MBP) and the chemically denatured bovine serum albumin (BSA) (1,2,3). (lu.se)

However, the mechanisms by which microglia regulate myelin loss or integrity are still being uncovered. (nature.com)
It had previously been shown by researchers from UCSF and Cambridge University ( 6 ) to enhance white matter myelin integrity in a mouse study in hypoxic (low oxygen) damaged brain conditions, but had never be researched in situations involving chemotherapy. (canceractive.com)

NGF also regulates key structural proteins that can compromise myelin. (medicalnewstoday.com)

And this is precisely what the scientists observed in their mice: the animals' myelin was initially formed in the normal way. (sciencedaily.com)

When the myelin sheath is damaged, nerve impulses slow or even stop, causing neurological problems. (mayoclinic.org)

This sheath is the protective covering that surrounds nerve cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Myelin is a fatty sheath that coats nerve cells. (bartleby.com)

Anatomy54

Organisms28

Diseases16

Chemicals and Drugs43

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment37

Psychiatry and Psychology32

Phenomena and Processes53

Disciplines and Occupations5

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science9

Health Care4

Axons21

Nerves17

Fibres6

Sheaths that surround1

Axon5

Form the myelin2

Sheath surro2

Insulation3

Immune10

Spinal5

Oligodendrocyte glycoprotein1

Damage11

Demyelination1

Known as lesions1

Damages1

Oligodendrocytes2

Multiple Sclerosis5

Destroys1

Neurons2

Peripheral1

Signals4

Symptoms1

Destruction1

Regeneration3

Tissue1

Glial cells2

Nervous1

Scar1

Injury1

Dynamics1

Integrity2

Proteins1

Mice1

Neurological1

Cells2