Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children. Medical search. Frequent questions

The mixed infection of MP and SP is very common clinically, and the diagnosis of this type of mixed pneumonia is a critical research topic faced by pediatric respiratory physicians. (hindawi.com)
Furthermore, the alveolar inflammation could be observed on the CT images shown when children patients were combined with SP infection. (hindawi.com)
The MP infection rate in children that are older than 5 years old is more than 50% [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Pneumonia is the most frequent disease and its main causes are pathogen infection and body allergic reactions. (hindawi.com)
The clinical manifestations of M. pneumoniae infection are usually mild and self-limited. (cdc.gov)
M pneumoniae has been shown to produce an exotoxin that is also believed to play a major role in the damage to the respiratory epithelium that occurs during acute infection. (medscape.com)
Evidence from animal models of M pneumoniae infection have proven that recombinant CARDS toxin results in significant pulmonary inflammation, release of proinflammatory cytokines, and airway dysfunction. (medscape.com)
The infection caused by this bacterium is called atypical pneumonia because of its protracted course and lack of sputum production and wealth of extrapulmonary symptoms. (wikipedia.org)
While antibiotics with activity specifically against M. pneumoniae are often used (e.g., erythromycin, doxycycline), it is unclear if these result in greater benefit than using antibiotics without specific activity against this organism in those with an infection acquired in the community. (wikipedia.org)
Atypical pneumonia is an infection of the respiratory system. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Doctors diagnose and treat pneumonia based on the type of organism causing the infection. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Atypical pneumonia is an infection affecting the lower respiratory tract. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs caused by a pathogen. (medicalnewstoday.com)
People with pneumonia may need to rest for several days to fight off the infection. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The symptoms of atypical pneumonia may vary depending on the type of bacteria causing the infection. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Although the mechanism of thrombosis after M. pneumoniae infection remains unknown, an increase in the cold agglutinin titer indicates that cold agglutinin syndrome might be the mechanism of this pathological change. (authorea.com)
Patients who have significantly increased C-reactive protein and D-dimer levels and positive cold agglutinin after M. pneumoniae infection should be monitored for the possibility of thrombosis formation. (authorea.com)
Pneumonia is a common lung infection that causes inflammation in the air sacs of one or both of your lungs. (healthpartners.com)
Doctors primarily treat bacterial pneumonia with antibiotics , which can target the specific type of bacteria that caused the infection. (healthpartners.com)
Measles Measles is a highly contagious viral infection that is most common among children. (merckmanuals.com)
Children with this infection may also have a high fever, long-lasting weakness, and in some cases, headaches and a rash. (healthychildren.org)
On rare occasions, youngsters may develop croup and a sinus infection (sinusitis). (healthychildren.org)
This infection often causes wheezing in children with asthma or reactive airways. (healthychildren.org)
Laboratory investigations, including serological tests, may aid in establishing the association between Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and renal dysfunction, but they often lack sensitivity and specificity. (alliedacademies.org)
In cases of acute renal failure associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, it is crucial to consider alternative etiologies. (alliedacademies.org)
Bajantri B, Venkatram S, Diaz-Fuentes G. Mycoplasma pneumoniae: a potentially severe infection . (alliedacademies.org)
Pneumonia is inflammation caused by infection that affects the air sacs in the lungs. (adam.com)
It can be defined according to the setting of infection (community- or hospital-based pneumonia). (adam.com)
Pneumonia is an infection of one or both of the lungs caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. (uhhospitals.org)
However, fluoroquinolones are not approved by Drug Controller General of India to be used under 18 years of age unless the child is resistant to all other recommended antibiotics and is suffering from life threatening infection. (pediatriconcall.com)
Our previous study showed that neonatal Streptococcus pneumoniae ( S. pneumoniae ) infection promoted asthma development. (nature.com)
S. pneumoniae pneumonia mice were supplemented with or without all-trans retinoic acid 24 hours after infection. (nature.com)
We stated that serum vitamin A levels in neonatal S. pneumoniae pneumonia mice were lower than 0.7µmol/L from day 2-7 post infection, while pulmonary vitamin A productions were significantly lower than those in the control mice from day 7-28 post infection. (nature.com)
There are other etiological tract infection and recently developed ra- agents of pneumonia such as viruses and diological signs [1,2]. (who.int)
6th among the causes of death in the world the mixed infection of pneumonia caused by today [3]. (who.int)
Mycoplasma organisms cause infection primarily as extracellular parasites, attaching to the surface of ciliated and nonciliated epithelial cells of the respiratory and genital tracts. (medscape.com)
Some children with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection get IVs in the outpatient hall of the children's medical center at Guoyao Dongfeng General Hospital in Shiyan in Central China's Hubei Province on October 12, 2023. (globaltimes.cn)
In recent days, there has been a surge in cases of infection by the bacterium mycoplasma pneumoniae reported in multiple hospitals across the country, with children being the most affected. (globaltimes.cn)
This year, the infection has occurred earlier than usual and has shown a trend toward affecting younger children, leading pediatricians to warn that this year could see a widespread outbreak of mycoplasma pneumonia. (globaltimes.cn)
Li Tongzeng, the chief physician of the infection department at Beijing You'an Hospital, told the Global Times on Thursday that before the COVID-19 pandemic, a relatively large outbreak of mycoplasma pneumoniae infections would occur every three to seven years. (globaltimes.cn)
Doctors at the Beijing Children's Hospital in Shunyi district revealed that since the start of the school year on September 1, there has been a noticeable increase in the number of children being treated in the pediatric department, more than half of whom are children with respiratory symptoms caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, the report noted. (globaltimes.cn)
Li Tongzeng stated that after mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, most people have symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection, such as fever, cough, sore throat, nasal congestion and runny nose. (globaltimes.cn)
According to chinanews.com, Chang Hesheng, deputy chief physician of the pediatrics department at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, explained that although mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is not classified as a contagious disease, it does have the ability to spread, primarily through droplet transmission. (globaltimes.cn)
Objectives To describe critically ill children with respiratory infections, classify them by infection syndrome type and determine the prevalence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae detection. (bmj.com)
All children aged 2 months-18 years with presumed respiratory infection who were admitted to a tertiary hospital paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) between September 2015 and October 2016 were eligible. (bmj.com)
Those with any pneumonia were significantly less likely to have a respiratory virus identified in their nasopharynges and had significantly higher C reactive protein (CRP) values than those in the viral infection and asthma groups. (bmj.com)
Differences in CRP and viral prevalence were observed between children with different infection syndrome types. (bmj.com)
M. pneumoniae infection was not rare in school-aged children with pneumonia admitted to the PICU. (bmj.com)
Attention to antibiotic treatment and rapid diagnostic testing for Mycoplasma in older, critically ill children should be considered to optimise management and avert morbidity and mortality from respiratory infection. (bmj.com)
There are clear biochemical (eg, C reactive protein) and microbiological (eg, respiratory virus prevalence) differences between critically ill children with different respiratory infection syndromes. (bmj.com)
According to Chinese media reports, respiratory diseases such as Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection are currently prevalent in many areas. (postsen.com)
Pneumonia is a type of lung infection that can affect one or both of the air sacs in the lungs, causing inflammation and leading to symptoms such as coughing, difficulty breathing, fever, and chest pain. (stlukeshealth.org)
Pneumonia can be contagious, but the contagiousness depends on the underlying cause of the infection: bacterial or viral pneumonia. (stlukeshealth.org)
If you suspect you have pneumonia or are experiencing symptoms, schedule an appointment with a St. Joseph Health primary care provider and follow their guidance to prevent spreading the infection to others. (stlukeshealth.org)
HÀ NỘI - The number of children treated at hospital for mycoplasma pneumonia has risen, with around 30 per cent of all daily admissions of youngsters suffering from the lung infection. (vietnamnews.vn)
Diagnostic Significance of Cold Agglutinin and Antimycoplasma Antibody for Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection. (e-jyms.org)
A study to evaluate the diagnostic significance of M. pneumoniae Infection by measurements of cold agglutinin and antimycoplasma antibody titers is performed with 191 pediatric patients who have visited Yeungnam University Hospital during the period through January to July, 1987. (e-jyms.org)
2. For the diagnosis of M. pneumoniae Infection, measurements of cold agglutinin titer alone seems to be less significant than to check both cold agglutinin and antimycoplasma antibody titers. (e-jyms.org)
3. The measurement of antimycoplasma antibody titer appeared to be more specific than cold agglutinin test in the diagnosis of M. pneumoniae Infection. (e-jyms.org)
4. The present study urges the necessity of follow up study of cold agglutinin and antimycoplasma antibody titer for those who initially presented with normal titers in both tests, but are clinically suspected for M. pneumoniae Infection. (e-jyms.org)
Pneumonia is an infection in one or both of your lungs. (medlineplus.gov)
Autoimmune phenomena seen following mycoplasma infection are considered to occur as a consequence of molecular mimecry. (mome-clic.com)
Antibiotics might not be necessary for treatment in mild cases as a result of self-resolving nature of M. pneumonia infection, irrespective of macrolide resistance. (mome-clic.com)
It can also be used to treat cough and pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. (kiraspecialist.com)
In addition, the total dose of azithromycin for the treatment of any infection in children is recommended to be no more than 1500 mg. (kiraspecialist.com)
Pneumonia is usually caused by infection with viruses, bacteria or other germs. (skh.com.sg)
METHODS: M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae, L. pneumophila, Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis from patients with suspected lower respiratory tract infection were detected by multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (mRT-PCR) assay. (uniba.it)
In one sample, a co-infection by M. pneumoniae and B. parapertussis was also detected. (uniba.it)
CONCLUSIONS: Use of broad molecular testing approach revealed a major prevalence of M. pneumoniae infection and low prevalence rates of other pathogens. (uniba.it)
This paper suggests that the benefits of macrolides for CAP are not as extensive as previously thought, so for a fairly well-appearing child who may have a viral upper respiratory infection, I think it's okay to hold off. (medscape.com)
INTRODUCTION - Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is defined as an acute infection of the pulmonary parenchyma in a patient who has acquired the infection in the community, as distinguished from hospital-acquired (nosocomial) pneumonia. (medilib.ir)
In one case, a three-month-old child + visited a healthcare setting before COVID-19 was confirmed and was thought to be the first case in a FAQs family cluster--the source of infection (healthcare or community) was not determined. (cdc.gov)
In humans, infection caused by C. psittaci is referred to as psittacosis, which can result in fatal pneumonia. (cdc.gov)
Epidemiology, complications, and cost of hospitalization in children with laboratory-confirmed influenza infection. (cdc.gov)

Mycoplasma pneumonia (also known as "walking pneumonia") is a form of bacterial pneumonia caused by the bacterial species Mycoplasma pneumoniae. (wikipedia.org)
Bacterial pneumonia is the most common form of pneumonia and can be the most severe. (healthpartners.com)
It's caused by breathing in bacteria, and it's easier to catch bacterial pneumonia after having a cold or the flu because your immune system is weaker from being sick. (healthpartners.com)
People with bacterial pneumonia need an antibiotic that is effective against the organism causing the disease. (adam.com)
Bacterial pneumonia can affect all ages. (uhhospitals.org)
You may be more likely to get bacterial pneumonia if you have viral pneumonia. (uhhospitals.org)
Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of A total of 485 patients with a clinical di- the major causes of bacterial pneumonia agnosis of pneumonia were included in the [6,7]. (who.int)
Bacterial pneumonia is often caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, but other bacteria such as Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Legionella pneumophila can also lead to pneumonia. (stlukeshealth.org)
Bacterial pneumonia can occur on its own. (medlineplus.gov)
If you have viral pneumonia, you are at risk of also getting bacterial pneumonia. (medlineplus.gov)
Various kinds of bacterial pneumonia require treatment with unique antibiotics. (mome-clic.com)
Most guidelines recommend narrow-spectrum beta-lactam therapy for most children with suspected bacterial pneumonia. (medscape.com)
Pneumococcal Disease As the most common bacterial cause of otitis media in children and a major cause of bacterial pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis in adults, Streptococcus pneumoniae is responsible each year for at least one-third of the 24 million outpatient visits for otitis media and for 500,000 cases of pneumonia and meningitis in the United States. (cdc.gov)

M pneumoniae is perhaps best known as the cause of community-acquired walking or atypical pneumonia, but the most frequent clinical syndrome caused by this organism is actually tracheobronchitis or bronchiolitis , often accompanied by upper respiratory tract manifestations. (medscape.com)
Mycoplasma atypical pneumonia can be complicated by Stevens-Johnson syndrome, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, cardiovascular diseases, encephalitis, or Guillain-Barré syndrome. (wikipedia.org)
What's to know about atypical pneumonia? (medicalnewstoday.com)
Symptoms are usually milder in atypical pneumonia compared with typical pneumonia. (medicalnewstoday.com)
What is atypical pneumonia? (medicalnewstoday.com)
If the atypical pneumonia is caused by the bacteria Mycoplasma , then it is common to have ear and sinus infections, as well. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Atypical pneumonia is similar to regular pneumonia, but has a few distinct differences. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Cases of atypical pneumonia do not usually require hospitalization, and a person with it is unlikely to be significantly ill. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Many people with atypical pneumonia can function normally and do most of their everyday tasks with little difficulty. (medicalnewstoday.com)
People with atypical pneumonia will also have certain symptoms that others with typical pneumonia will often not have. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Symptoms of atypical pneumonia tend to be milder and more persistent than those of typical pneumonia, which appear suddenly, and cause a more serious illness. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Atypical pneumonia requires different antibiotics than typical pneumonia, which is commonly caused by the bacteria Streptococcus pneumonia . (medicalnewstoday.com)
Rare cases of atypical pneumonia are caused by the bacteria Chlamydophila psittaci , which is contracted from infected birds, such as parrots, parakeets, and poultry. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Atypical pneumonia can infect anyone. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Anyone who lives or works in an area where outbreaks of atypical pneumonia commonly occur may be more at-risk, as well. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Atypical pneumonia is contagious, but it takes longer for symptoms to appear compared with other common infections, such as typical pneumonia, or cold and flu viruses. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Atypical pneumonia spreads through close contact. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Someone with atypical pneumonia may also experience secondary conditions, such as rashes or ear infections, especially if they have a weakened immune system. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Atypical pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a leading cause of mortality among the pediatric age group. (ajol.info)
It's called an atypical pneumonia. (uhhospitals.org)
There are a number of different more than one pathogen: these cases include kinds of pneumonia: primary pneumonia, typical and atypical pneumonia. (who.int)
BACKGROUND: Atypical pneumonia represents one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in children and adults. (uniba.it)
Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae (formerly Chlamydia pneumoniae) and Legionella pneumophila represent important etiological agents of atypical pneumonia. (uniba.it)
M. pneumoniae (Eaton or agent) is responsible conventionally atypical pneumonia in cold agglutinins. (medical-actu.com)
These attacks are nothing special and in fact Mr. pneumoniae is responsible for 10% of atypical pneumonia, confirmed radio- logically. (medical-actu.com)

The types of bacteria that cause it tend to create less severe symptoms than those in typical pneumonia. (medicalnewstoday.com)
It's caused by the bacteria Mycoplasma pneumoniae and seen mostly in kids and adults under 40. (healthpartners.com)
Mycoplasmas Mycoplasmas are ubiquitous bacteria that differ from other prokaryotes in that they lack a cell wall. (merckmanuals.com)
Bacteria are the most common causes of pneumonia. (adam.com)
It's caused by the bacteria Mycoplasma pneumoniae. (uhhospitals.org)
These from the nasopharynx of healthy persons were all 456 patients admitted to the medi- but pneumococcal pneumonia develops as cal and paediatric wards of Basra General a result of the spread of the bacteria to the Hospital over the period September 1998 to lower respiratory tract [8]. (who.int)
Mycoplasma species have also been mistakenly believed to be L-forms of bacteria, which also lack cell walls. (medscape.com)
China mysterious disease outbreak: What\u2019s mycoplasma pneumoniae, the bacteria that\u2019s going round with a virus? (wn.com)
CAP refers to pneumonia acquired outside of healthcare settings and is often caused by bacteria like Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. (stlukeshealth.org)
HAP can occur during hospital stays and is often caused by bacteria like Klebsiella pneumoniae or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (stlukeshealth.org)
After taking an in-depth test to accurately identify the name of the bacteria that causes the condition, the child tested positive for mycoplasma pneumoniae. (vietnamnews.vn)
According to experts, the way of transmission is by contacting droplets for pneumonia caused by bacteria or viruses. (vietnamnews.vn)
however, in this study atypical bacteria only accounted for 9% of children who are admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of CAP. (medscape.com)
Mycoplasmas have long been confused with L-forms of bacteria. (medical-actu.com)
By cons it has never been demonstrated relationship between mycoplasma and bacteria fitted wall and their place in the bacterial world is perfectly justified. (medical-actu.com)

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common causative pathogen in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) during childhood. (cdc.gov)
In some countries where PCV13 is already included in national immunization program, M. pneumoniae has become the leading pathogen in pediatric CAP ( 1 , 2 ). (cdc.gov)
However, the presence of other microorganisms in many of these patients makes it difficult to assess the true role of M pneumoniae as a causative pathogen in this setting. (medscape.com)
Mycoplasma (M.) pneumoniae is a common pathogen causing respiratory infections in children. (authorea.com)
Chinese authorities have repeated claims no new pathogen is to blame for a wave of infections that has sparked global alarm as images emerge of children and parents crammed into the nation's hospitals. (dailymail.co.uk)
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common respiratory pathogen that can occasionally lead to extrapulmonary complications, including acute renal failure. (alliedacademies.org)
S. pneumoniae is the most common bacterial pathogen of community acquired pneumonia in childhood. (nature.com)
Image from Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Its Role as a Human Pathogen. (icemsg.org)
Guidelines for the management of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children do not advocate first-line empirical treatment with antibiotics active against Mycoplasma nor routine testing for this pathogen. (bmj.com)
M. pneumoniae is a human pathogen that causes the community acquired pneumonia, exp. (hgb.com.cn)
How do we better care for these children and not just base all of their care on what their pathogen is but also how they're responding to the pathogen? (medscape.com)
Described in 1937 by Dienes and Edsall, cultivated by Eaton in 1944 on embryonated egg, Mycoplasma pneumoniae was cultured on artificial media by Chanock, Hayflick and Barile in 1961 proving the bacterial nature of this pathogen. (medical-actu.com)

We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effect of macrolide resistance on the manifestations and clinical judgment during M. pneumoniae infections. (cdc.gov)
We found no difference in clinical severity between MRMP and macrolide-sensitive Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MSMP) infections. (cdc.gov)
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is an important cause of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children as well as adults that can range in severity from mild to life-threatening. (medscape.com)
M pneumoniae infections are sometimes associated with extrapulmonary manifestations involving multiple organ systems, and this organism has been linked to development and/or exacerbations of asthma. (medscape.com)
New molecular-based tests for M pneumoniae detection that are now FDA-cleared and widely available in diagnostic laboratories in the United States have largely supplanted serology as the diagnostic method of choice, and advances in molecular typing systems have enhanced understanding of the epidemiology of infections. (medscape.com)
Although scientists have isolated at least 17 species of Mycoplasma from humans, 4 types of organisms are responsible for most clinically significant infections that may come to the attention of practicing physicians. (medscape.com)
Chronic Mycoplasma infections have been implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatological diseases. (wikipedia.org)
M. pneumoniae infections can be differentiated from other types of pneumonia by the relatively slow progression of symptoms. (wikipedia.org)
Clinical characteristics of macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections among hospitalised children in. (annals.edu.sg)
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and Human Metapneumovirus Infections Respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus infections cause seasonal lower respiratory tract disease, particularly in infants and young children. (merckmanuals.com)
While M pneumoniae infections are uncommon in children younger than 5 years, they are a leading cause of pneumonia in school-aged children and young adults. (healthychildren.org)
M pneumoniae infections cause symptoms that are usually mild. (healthychildren.org)
In most cases, the bronchitis and upper respiratory tract illnesses associated with M pneumoniae infections are mild and get better on their own without antibiotic treatment. (healthychildren.org)
However, antibiotics such as erythromycin, azithromycin, or doxycycline may be given for more serious symptoms associated with pneumonia and ear infections. (healthychildren.org)
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a significant cause of community-acquired respiratory infections. (alliedacademies.org)
Mycoplasma pneumoniae-associated acute renal failure is a rare but important complication of respiratory infections. (alliedacademies.org)
The best way to prevent serious respiratory infections such as pneumonia is to avoid sick people (if possible) and to practice good hygiene. (adam.com)
There are other less common pneumonias that may be caused by other infections including fungi. (uhhospitals.org)
The term ALRI included: acute broncho-pneumonia for bacterial infections, bronchiolitis for viral infections, pneumonia and pleuro-pneumonia. (scirp.org)
S. pyo- dialysis unit and other surgical wards who genes may cause a variety of illnesses from developed pneumonia after 48 hours after very common ones such as pharyngitis admission (hospital-acquired pneumonia to less common severe infections includ- cases). (who.int)
however, M. pneumoniae respiratory infections are also associated with various extrapulmonary manifestations. (medscape.com)
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the etiological characteristics of plastic bronchitis (PB) caused by pulmonary infections in children and to identify any differences in the clinical features of PB cases caused by different pathogens. (bvsalud.org)
With the adjustment of COVID-19 prevention and control measures, the number of mycoplasma pneumoniae infections this year may significantly increase compared to the previous three years, Li predicted. (globaltimes.cn)
According to experts, the peak period of mycoplasma pneumoniae infections occurred earlier this year, in July and August. (globaltimes.cn)
Since July, Shanghai Children's Medical Center has admitted nearly 400 children with mycoplasma pneumoniae infections, which is twice the number compared to previous years, accounting for approximately 80 percent of all respiratory infections, according to a news report by chinanews.com on Thursday. (globaltimes.cn)
Similarly, during the Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day holidays from September 29 to October 6, the fever clinic at the Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center received a record-breaking number of over 1,000 patients in a single day, with respiratory tract infections, particularly mycoplasma pneumoniae infections, being predominant. (globaltimes.cn)
Since June, the positive rate for mycoplasma pneumoniae infections has been on the rise, and currently, a significant proportion, around 20 to 30 percent, of patients seeking treatment for various respiratory infections have been found to be infected with mycoplasma pneumoniae, Li Shuhua said. (globaltimes.cn)
Mycoplasma infections were seen even in patients less than 5 years and RS and influenza A virus infections in patients more than 5 years of age. (iiarjournals.org)
The importance of M. pneumoniae and RS virus in the etiology of lower respiratory infections in Japanese children was confirmed. (iiarjournals.org)
It's important to practice good hygiene to help prevent the spread of contagious infections, including those that can lead to pneumonia. (stlukeshealth.org)
Infections like the flu (influenza) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can lead to viral pneumonia. (stlukeshealth.org)
People with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or undergoing chemotherapy, are more susceptible to various infections that can cause pneumonia. (stlukeshealth.org)
Doctors recommend that if children have symptoms such as respiratory tract infections, high fever, cough and shortness of breath, especially in older children aged from four to 10, they should be taken to medical facilities for examination and quick treatment. (vietnamnews.vn)
Bacterial , viral , and fungal infections can cause pneumonia. (medlineplus.gov)
Dr. Michael J. Smith from Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, who wrote an accompanying editorial, told Reuters Health by email, "I was surprised to see absolutely no impact of macrolides in the subset of children with microbiologically confirmed infections with atypical pathogens. (medscape.com)
This branch is the focus of the division's child care-related activities and works closely with CDC's Child Day Care Health and Safety Program to develop programs focused on prevention and control of infections in child care centers, especially otitis media. (cdc.gov)
The resulting pneumonia-like infections are normally treated with antibiotics. (who.int)
Observations of infections with and illness due to parainfluenza, mumps and respiratory syncytial viruses and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. (cdc.gov)

however, clinicians routinely treat pneumonia caused by M. pneumoniae with antibiotics. (cdc.gov)
All mycoplasmas lack a cell wall and, therefore, all are inherently resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics (e.g., penicillin). (cdc.gov)
For hospital-acquired pneumonia, risk factors include: being very young or older, undergoing surgery, having a long-term (chronic) illness, being in the intensive care unit, receiving sedation, receiving antibiotics. (adam.com)
Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lungs importance with the introduction of potent involving the alveolar ducts and alveolar antibiotics and the proliferation of inten- sacs and associated with acute respiratory sive care units. (who.int)
The majority (75%) was treated with antibiotics, most often ceftriaxone (90% of treated children). (bmj.com)
I think there's still a lot more work that needs to be done both domestically and internationally in terms of access to care, access to antibiotics, access to respiratory support and imaging, and things that can help us have an early diagnosis to prevent morbidity for these children. (medscape.com)
We have to change our mindset that every kid with pneumonia needs to get antibiotics. (medscape.com)
Pneumonia pre-vaccine and pre-antibiotics was famously called the "Captain of the Men of Death" after consumption. (medscape.com)
Some practitioners add macrolide antibiotics to cover organisms, such as Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydophila pneumoniae, against which beta-lactams are ineffective. (medscape.com)
The widespread use of antibiotics has coincided with increased antimicrobial resistance, which is of special concern in pneumonia, now among the top 10 causes of death in the United States. (cdc.gov)

11% of hospital-acquired pneumonia. (who.int)
The inpatient treatment of CAP and hospital-acquired pneumonia in children will be reviewed here. (medilib.ir)

Viral pneumonia is - you guessed it - caused by a virus. (healthpartners.com)
Symptoms of COVID-19 pneumonia are similar to those of other types of viral pneumonia, but pneumonia caused by COVID-19 is often serious and can worsen rapidly. (healthpartners.com)
In the majority of cases, bacterial and viral pneumonia cannot be reliably distinguished from each other on clinical grounds. (benthamscience.com)
SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19 can also cause viral pneumonia. (uhhospitals.org)
Mycoplasma- positive children were older (difference 3.5 years, 95% CI 0.66 to 6.4 years) and had fewer viral coinfections (30% compared with 69%, p=0.02). (bmj.com)
Viral pneumonia is typically caused by influenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and adenoviruses. (stlukeshealth.org)
Medical experts warn that the symptoms of pneumonia caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae in children are easy to confuse with other pneumonia agents such as viral pneumonia, because the symptoms are similar. (vietnamnews.vn)
Viral pneumonia is often mild and goes away on its own within a few weeks. (medlineplus.gov)
For most children under 5, it really is a viral cause of pneumonia that needs to be treated. (medscape.com)
Even in the past 3 years with the COVID-19 pandemic, where most of the pneumonia we saw was really viral driven and then with the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) surge that we experienced just a few months ago, we saw some really bad cases of pneumonia. (medscape.com)

Common organisms that cause pneumonia include Respiratory Syncytical Virus, Influenza virus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycoplasma sp. (skh.com.sg)

Childhood pneumonia is the main cause of death for children under the age of 5 years, and SP is the most common type of pneumonia from the 20th day of birth to the entire childhood. (hindawi.com)
This type of pneumonia often affects those with a form of cognitive impairment, whether due to a traumatic brain injury, disability or substance use disorder. (healthpartners.com)
Fungal pneumonia is a rare but often serious type of pneumonia. (healthpartners.com)
Inhaling irritants like chemicals, dust, or toxic fumes over time can contribute to a type of pneumonia called chemical or toxic pneumonia. (stlukeshealth.org)

However, life-threatening pneumonia or even acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygen has been reported ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
Additionally in China, acute respiratory distress syndrome developed in 20% to 30% of hospitalized patients with pneumonia, with a median time of eight days from symptom onset to respiratory distress. (cdc.gov)
This article focuses on the clinical presentation and diagnostic challenges associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae-associated acute renal failure. (alliedacademies.org)
Recognizing the clinical presentation and navigating the diagnostic challenges associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae-associated acute renal failure is crucial for healthcare professionals involved in the care of these patients [ 2 ]. (alliedacademies.org)
Mycoplasma pneumoniae-associated acute renal failure can present with a variety of clinical manifestations. (alliedacademies.org)
Diagnosing Mycoplasma pneumoniae-associated acute renal failure poses several challenges. (alliedacademies.org)
A comprehensive clinical evaluation, including a detailed medical history, physical examination, and appropriate laboratory investigations, is necessary to differentiate Mycoplasma pneumoniae-associated acute renal failure from other potential causes [ 5 ]. (alliedacademies.org)
M. pneumoniae), those admitted to an ICU, and children with acute wheezing. (medscape.com)

Chlamydophila pneumoniae is common in school-aged children and young adults. (medicalnewstoday.com)
In children 5 years or older, in addition to S. pneumoniae, other important bacterial causes include Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydophila pneumonia. (benthamscience.com)

Small children who develop pneumonia and survive are at risk for developing lung problems in adulthood. (adam.com)
A small number of cases will develop pneumonia with repeated high fever and severe cough. (globaltimes.cn)
Who is more likely to develop pneumonia? (medlineplus.gov)
Most children who develop pneumonia are previously healthy with normal immune system. (skh.com.sg)

All subjects had nasopharyngeal swabs tested for respiratory viruses, M. pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae . (bmj.com)

We report on two tsunami survivors with severe pneumonia potentially caused by Legionella pneumophila . (who.int)

monia (community and hospital-acquired, The pathogens causing pneumonia have primary and secondary, broncho- and lobar) not changed much over the years, but their and to identify the main bacterial causative relative importance has changed and there agents of pneumonia and to study the differ- are regional differences [5]. (who.int)
We analyzed clinical characteristics and the species of pathogens causing the illness in these children. (bvsalud.org)
CONCLUSION: MP and Boca virus are the primary pathogens responsible for PB among children. (bvsalud.org)
The findings persisted in subgroups of children older than 5 years, those with detected atypical pathogens (e.g. (medscape.com)
She told Reuters Health by email, "The most surprising result is the fact that add-on macrolide therapy is not superior even in children with atypical pathogens and/or older children, who are suspected to more often have atypical pathogens. (medscape.com)
These pathogens are not specific for tsunami lung, but are reported causative agents for pneumonia after near-drowning. (who.int)

Mycoplasma species are the smallest free-living organisms. (medscape.com)
Opportunistic pneumonias, caused by organisms that are usually harmless for people with a normal immune system, can arise in people with impaired immunity. (adam.com)
It is important to identify the infecting organisms, because they require different treatments, but the exact cause of pneumonia is only found in 30% to 40% of cases. (adam.com)
Mycoplasma organisms are small (150-250 nm) and have deformable membranes. (medscape.com)
[ 3 ] Atypical organisms such as M. pneumoniae are implicated in as many as 40% of cases of community-acquired pneumonia. (medscape.com)
Where you work and live can put you at higher risk for exposure to pneumonia-causing organisms. (pneumoniaprotalk.com)
And many other related microorganisms were described under the name of "Pleuro pneumoniae like organisms" (PPLO). (medical-actu.com)

METHOD: We collected data on children diagnosed with PB and admitted to the Respiratory Department at Soochow University Children's Hospital between July 2021 and March 2023 utilizing electronic bronchoscopy. (bvsalud.org)
In February, the National Health Commission issued the 2023 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Mycoplasma Pneumonia in Children, which states that mycoplasma pneumonia is more common in children aged 5 and above, but can also occur in children under 5. (globaltimes.cn)

Other important bacterial causes in children younger than 5 years include Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Moraxella catarrhalis. (benthamscience.com)
Children with complete immunization coverage received at least three doses of pneumococcal and anti Haemophilus influenzae vaccine and two doses of measles vaccine. (scirp.org)

Viruses that can cause pneumonia include the common cold , influenza and COVID-19 , which can be very serious. (healthpartners.com)
Results: Generally, viruses, notably respiratory syncytial virus, are the most common cause of community- acquired pneumonia in children younger than 5 years. (benthamscience.com)
Pneumonia can also be caused by viruses, fungi, and other agents. (adam.com)
Respiratory viruses and Mycoplasma pneumoniae are commonly detected in children with non-severe pneumonia. (bmj.com)
Viruses that infect the respiratory tract may cause pneumonia. (medlineplus.gov)
Population-based surveillance for hospitalizations associated with respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus, and parainfluenza viruses among young children. (cdc.gov)

Predicting Positive Blood Cultures in Patients presenting with Pneumonia at an. (annals.edu.sg)

Croup caused by influenza may be particularly severe and may occur in a broader age range of children. (merckmanuals.com)
The underrecognized burden of influenza in young children. (cdc.gov)
The burden of influenza in young children, 2004-2009. (cdc.gov)
Influenza-related hospitalization and ED visits in children less than 5 years: 2000-2011. (cdc.gov)
Incidence, complications, and risk factors for prolonged stay in children hospitalized with community-acquired influenza. (cdc.gov)
Multistate surveillance for laboratory-confirmed, influenza-associated hospitalizations in children: 2003-2004. (cdc.gov)
Incidence of outpatient visits and hospitalizations related to influenza in infants and young children. (cdc.gov)

Attachment sites include the upper and lower respiratory tract, causing pharyngitis, bronchitis, and pneumonia. (wikipedia.org)

Cough was the most common presenting represented secondary pneumonia. (who.int)
Many children in China continue to cough after being cured of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. (postsen.com)
Many children continue to cough even after treatment, which makes parents very troubled. (postsen.com)
Many children continue to cough even after treatment, causing parents to quickly seek medical advice and ask, "What can and cannot be eaten? (postsen.com)
The rules include washing hands with soap, ensuring children live in a clean and cool environment, not contacting children with symptoms of cough and fever and giving children appropriate nutrition regimens to help strengthen children's resistance. (vietnamnews.vn)

The types of pneumonia are categorized based on what caused it, and there are more than 30 causes of pneumonia. (healthpartners.com)

It is also known as PPLO, which is an acronym for Pleuro Pneumonia Like Organism. (wikipedia.org)
Once attached to the mucosa of a host organism, M. pneumoniae extracts nutrients, grows, and reproduces by binary fission. (wikipedia.org)

The Gram-positive bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae (S pneumoniae), also called pneumococcus, is the most common cause of pneumonia. (adam.com)
According to the official website of the Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Mycoplasma pneumoniae is an atypical bacterium that can be infected all year round. (postsen.com)

Pneumonia can also be differentiated by how long you've been sick and how many cases of pneumonia you've had in a certain span of time. (healthpartners.com)
We saw some very severe cases of pneumonia with kids being in the intensive care unit and needing a lot of respiratory support and lot of other things to care for them. (medscape.com)

The selection and diagnostic upper respiratory tract, particularly among criteria for primary and secondary pneumo- patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary nia were a positive chest X-ray and clini- disease, whereas Klebsiella pneumoniae, cal features. (who.int)
One study found that 21% of asymptomatic children carried M. pneumoniae in their upper respiratory tract at a single study site ( Spuesens et al, 2013 ). (icemsg.org)

Hospital admission may be advised if you have severe pneumonia, or if symptoms do not quickly improve after you have started antibiotic treatment. (pneumoniaprotalk.com)
Sometimes oxygen and other supportive treatments are needed if you have severe pneumonia. (pneumoniaprotalk.com)
A new cause of severe pneumonia was first reported in Saudi Arabia in September 2012. (pneumoniaprotalk.com)
but it can cause severe pneumonia in elderly or immunocompromised individuals. (medical-actu.com)

In the post-pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) 13 era, the epidemiology of pediatric pneumonia has changed. (cdc.gov)
It is necessary to perform routine combined measurements of cold agglutinin and antimycoplasma antibody titers for the all pediatric pneumonia caser since a large proportion of pneumonia in children is caused by M. pneumonia. (e-jyms.org)
Welcome to the Medscape InDiscussion podcast series on pediatric pneumonia . (medscape.com)
Today we'll discuss biomarkers in pediatric pneumonia. (medscape.com)
Specific to pediatric pneumonia, potential uses of biomarkers include helping to determine etiology to predict disease course, to target therapy, and to determine response to therapy. (medscape.com)

Weiss AK, Hall M, Kronman MP, Lee GE, Sheffler-Collins S, Shah SS: Adjunct corticosteroids in children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia. (chop.edu)
Dr. Derek J. Williams from Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, and colleagues compared the effectiveness of beta-lactam monotherapy with beta-lactam plus macrolide combination therapy in a prospective study of 1,418 children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). (medscape.com)

Recent patents related to the management of community-acquired pneumonia are discussed. (benthamscience.com)

[ 1 ] Recent evidence has also implicated M pneumoniae with prolonged ventilator course and hypoxemia in adults with suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia. (medscape.com)

Aspiration pneumonia is caused by accidentally inhaling liquids or solids - food, drink, vomit or saliva - into your lungs instead of swallowing or expelling them. (healthpartners.com)
As there is no previous study of pneu- ondary pneumonia, which occurs when the monia in Basra, Iraq, this study of patients host or lungs are diseased or weakened, admitted to wards in Basra city centre was hospital-acquired nosocomial pneumonia carried out to investigate the profile of pneu- and aspiration pneumonia [4]. (who.int)
Inhaling food, liquids, or foreign objects into the lungs can lead to aspiration pneumonia. (stlukeshealth.org)
Aspiration can also cause pneumonia. (medlineplus.gov)

These studies aimed to disclose your medical manifestations, risk factors, and management of fulminant Mega pixel pneumonia (MPP). (aurorakinaseb.com)

Current data suggest that the prevalence of macrolide resistance in M. pneumoniae may be around 10% in the United States, with regional variability. (cdc.gov)
A high prevalence rate of macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MRMP) has been reported in Asia. (cdc.gov)
Our study was designed to know the prevalence of M. pneumoniae in children with community‑acquired pneumonia and the involvement in the cytoadherence to the respiratory epithelium by M. pneumoniae using electron microscopy and immuno‑gold labeling technique. (ajol.info)
In particular, M. pneumoniae prevalence was higher in children compared to adults while L. pneumophila prevalence was higher among adults. (uniba.it)

Several days are required for the completion of the serologic diagnosis for making decision of initial medication which is critical for the community-acquired pneumonia treatment [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Based on where you caught your pneumonia, your doctor will categorize it as health care-associated pneumonia (HCAP) or community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). (healthpartners.com)
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common cause of pneumonia, particularly community-acquired. (merckmanuals.com)
Background: Community-acquired pneumonia is an important cause of morbidity in developed countries and an important cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. (benthamscience.com)
Objective: To provide an update on the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in children. (benthamscience.com)
Patents were searched using the key term "community-acquired pneumonia" from www.google.com/patents, http://espacenet.com, and www. (benthamscience.com)
For community-acquired pneumonia, risk factors include: being very young or older, having a long-term (chronic) lung disease, having a compromised immune system, having a swallowing disorder, staying in dormitory conditions, exposure to smoke or pollutants, abusing drugs or alcohol. (adam.com)
March 2000 (community-acquired pneumo- pneumoniae is the primary cause of atypical nia cases). (who.int)
See "Community-acquired pneumonia in children: Clinical features and diagnosis" . (medilib.ir)
Indications - The decision to hospitalize a child with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is individualized based upon age, underlying medical problems, and clinical factors including severity of illness ( table 1 ) [ 1-3 ]. (medilib.ir)
The application of exome sequencing within unselected cohorts is a crucial tool to comprehend your frequency as well as penetrance regarding MHS, a critical obstacle for the discipline.Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mega pixel) is among the most popular reasons for community-acquired pneumonia in children and young adults. (aurorakinaseb.com)

Symptoms vary among children, adults, and older people. (adam.com)
Most adults do not need to be hospitalized for pneumonia. (adam.com)
The remaining 29 patients were pneumonia in young adults and children, those admitted to the intensive care unit, the second only to S. pneumoniae [9]. (who.int)
the risk is higher for children who are age 2 and under and adults age 65 and older. (medlineplus.gov)
Older adults who have pneumonia sometimes may feel weak or suddenly get confused. (medlineplus.gov)
A major branch effort is development and evaluation of vaccines, a key factor in preventing many diseases of both children and adults. (cdc.gov)

Méthodologie: Entre septembre 2021 et février 2022, des écouvillonnages oropharyngés et/ou nasopharyngés de travailleurs symptomatiques COVID-19 et apparemment en bonne santé sélectionnés consécutivement du site minier de Wahgnion dans le sud-ouest du Burkina Faso qui ont consenti à l'étude ont été prélevés selon les deux programme de quart de semaines et testé pour le SRAS-CoV-2 à l'aide d'un test RT-PCR. (bvsalud.org)

Patients rate of pneumonia in males was higher than with heart failure or pneumonia acquired in females (ratio 1.22:1). (who.int)
According to an American study, the rate of pneumonia caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae is 16 per cent in children aged five to 10 and up to 23 per cent in children aged between 10 and 17. (vietnamnews.vn)

Plus, what are the symptoms of pneumonia and how do you know if you have it? (healthpartners.com)
Symptoms of pneumonia can range from mildly uncomfortable to severe, sometimes requiring hospitalization. (healthpartners.com)
What are the symptoms of pneumonia? (uhhospitals.org)

The doctor may order blood tests for antibodies to M pneumoniae or cold agglutinins, which are a special type of antibody. (healthychildren.org)

However, to confirm the diagnosis of pneumonia caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae, it is necessary to do specific tests. (vietnamnews.vn)

Mycoplasma pneumoniae usually infects people under 40 with mild pneumonia symptoms. (medicalnewstoday.com)

In order to contribute to the reduction of the morbidity and the mortality relative to the ALRIs of children in Brazzaville, this study set itself the objective of determining their epidemiological, clinical and evolutionary profiles and to identify the favoring factors and those associated with the risk of death. (scirp.org)

It can be defined according to its location in the lung (lobar pneumonia or bronchopneumonia). (adam.com)
Lobar pneumonia affects one or more sections (lobes) of the lungs. (uhhospitals.org)
After being admitted to the hospital, the doctors diagnosed the child with lobar pneumonia and left pleural effusion caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae. (vietnamnews.vn)

it is the common cause of children death. (hindawi.com)
Pneumonia is the most common complication. (cdc.gov)
Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common bacterial cause across all age groups. (benthamscience.com)
The most common is Streptococcus pneumoniae. (uhhospitals.org)
2) ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin are common fluoroquinolones that has been proved to be affective in children and there is no evidence of superiority of either. (pediatriconcall.com)
Fungal pneumonia can result from exposure to certain types of fungi, such as Histoplasma, Cryptococcus, and Pneumocystis jirovecii (common in people with weakened immune systems). (stlukeshealth.org)
It's a common diagnostic tool for pneumonia. (stlukeshealth.org)
The disease occurs at any age, but it is more common in older children, she said. (vietnamnews.vn)
Fungal pneumonia is more common in people who have chronic health problems or weakened immune systems . (medlineplus.gov)
With pneumonia, it's one of the most common and well-known conditions that's been around for a really long time. (medscape.com)

NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - The combination of a macrolide like azithromycin with a beta-lactam is no more effective than a beta-lactam alone in treating children hospitalized with pneumonia, according to results from the Etiology of Pneumonia in the Community Study. (medscape.com)
See "Pneumonia in children: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and etiology" . (medilib.ir)

Bronchial pneumonia affects patches throughout both lungs. (uhhospitals.org)

These species are Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Mycoplasma hominis, Mycoplasma genitalium, and Ureaplasma species. (medscape.com)
skin) in order Mycoplasmatales, only Mycoplasma, Ureaplasma and Acholeplasma kinds can be isolated in humans. (medical-actu.com)
In humans, mycoplasma and ureaplasma can be isolated from genital and respiratory tracts. (medical-actu.com)

The comparison is done on the incidence of bronchial and pulmonary interstitial lesions, the degree of lymph node enlargement, the volume and depth of pleural effusion, and the location and morphology of the pulmonary lesions in the chest CT images of children patients from the two groups. (hindawi.com)

and a direct comparator was used in the same cohorts (macrolide-sensitive M. pneumoniae [MSMP] group). (cdc.gov)

Similar outbreaks of the strain of pneumonia - dubbed 'white lung syndrome' because of the distinctive white patches on chest x-rays of affected children - have been reported in Denmark, the Netherlands , and at least two states in the US - Ohio and Massachusetts. (dailymail.co.uk)
Contexte: Pour contrôler la propagation de la maladie à coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) causée par le syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère coronavirus-2 (SRAS-CoV-2), il est nécessaire d'identifier et d'isoler de manière adéquate les patients infectieux, en particulier sur le lieu de travail. (bvsalud.org)

[ 5 ] Variation in CARDS toxin production among M pneumoniae strains may be correlated with the range of severity of pulmonary disease observed among patients. (medscape.com)

We conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library database using the keywords Mycoplasma pneumoniae , macrolide, antibiotic resistance, and drug resistance. (cdc.gov)
Our study questions routine use of empirical macrolide combination therapy in children hospitalized with pneumonia and represents an important potential target for antibiotic stewardship," the researchers conclude. (medscape.com)

Nearly two weeks ago, news broke of an outbreak of a 'mysterious' pneumonia in China affecting children. (dailymail.co.uk)
Recently, an outbreak of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (locally known as "mycoplasma pneumonia") has been reported in China. (postsen.com)

Organisms8

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs2

Infection74

Bacterial pneumonia13

Atypical pneumonia25

Bacteria15

Pathogen12

Infections38

Antibiotics10

Hospital-acquired2

Viral10

Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycoplasma1

Type of pneumonia4

Acute8

Chlamydophila2

Develop pneumonia4

Chlamydia1

Legionella1

Pathogens6

Organisms7

20232

Haemophilus2

Viruses6

Patients presenting wit1

Influenza7

Lower respi1

Cough5

Types of pneumonia1

Organism2

Bacterium2

Cases of pneumonia2

Upper respi2

Severe pneumonia4

Pediatric pneumonia5

Hospitalized with community-acquired2

Management of community-acquired1

Ventilator-associate1

Aspiration4

Manifestations1

Prevalence4

Community-acquired11

Adults6

20221

Rate of pneumonia2

Symptoms of pneumonia3

Cold agglutinins1

Diagnosis of pneumonia1

Mild pneumonia1

Morbidity1

Lobar pneumonia3

Common10

Etiology2

Lungs1

Ureaplasma3

Pleural effusion1

Macrolide-sensitive1

Syndrome2

Strains1

Antibiotic2

Outbreak2