OrganismsDiseasesAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentHealth Care
Patient IsolationMycobacteriumMycobacterium tuberculosisMycobacterium InfectionsMycobacterium bovisMycobacterium aviumMycobacterium smegmatisNontuberculous MycobacteriaMycobacterium lepraeMycobacterium avium ComplexMycobacterium Infections, NontuberculousMycobacterium fortuitum
Avium complexLepraeIsolatesAbscessusPathogensSubspeciesRespiratoryInfectionXenopiStrainsCrohn'sOrganismInfectionsSpecies of mycobacteriaKansasiiBovisSmegmatisBacteriaEnvironmental mycobacteriaPolymerase Chain ReGuideline for Isolation PrecautionsFortuitumCausative agentPathogenicComplexIncidenceDetectionPrevalenceIsolateSpecimensGordonaeMarinumRifampinGenusCharacterizationCysticSusceptibilityAerobicSputum samplesDiagnosisBacilliIdentificationInfectious AgentsSamplesDrug resistantExposureCultureImmuneDiseaseAcid fastAIDSTransmission
Avium complex5
Leprae9
  • 1. Leprosy is an infectious and disabling disease caused by the Mycobacterium leprae, which can lead to permanent disability. (who.int)
  • Mycobacterial species other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium leprae are classified as atypical mycobacteria, nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), or environmental mycobacteria. (medscape.com)
  • Of noteworthy account are the disease's chronic infectious cycle and its causative organism - Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) . (ceufast.com)
  • Leprosy Leprosy is a chronic infection usually caused by the acid-fast bacilli Mycobacterium leprae or the closely related organism M. lepromatosis . (merckmanuals.com)
  • The most famous members of this genus, of course, are the human pathogens Mycobacterium tuberculosis (the cause of, well, tuberculosis - image above from here ) and M. leprae (causing leprosy). (fieldofscience.com)
  • Mycobacterium leprae is a very strange organism, even if we leave aside its apparent ability to survive on only two host species, humans and armadillos. (fieldofscience.com)
  • There are currently 71 recognized or proposed species of Mycobacterium [1], all of which, except M. tuberculosis complex and M. leprae, are considered as environmental mycobacteria and can usually be isolated from environmental samples including water, soil and dust [2]. (who.int)
  • Accounts of children taken from their families, babies born in the settlement but removed and sent to families in Honolulu before they could be exposed to the Mycobacterium leprae are documented in these interviews. (rdhmag.com)
  • Mycobacterium leprae is a member of the same family of organisms found to cause tuberculosis. (rdhmag.com)
Isolates15
  • Phylogenetic trees of isolate from novel Mycobacterium gordonae -like infection in a 63-year-old man in China (X7091) and reference isolates. (cdc.gov)
  • Itoh S , Kazumi Y , Abe C , Takahashi M . Heterogeneity of RNA polymerase gene (rpoB) sequences of Mycobacterium gordonae clinical isolates identified with a DNA probe kit and by conventional methods. (cdc.gov)
  • Analysis of restriction-fragment--length polymorphisms (RFLPs) was performed on serial isolates of M. tuberculosis obtained from these patients. (nih.gov)
  • Six patients had isolates that remained drug-susceptible, and the RFLP patterns of these isolates did not change over time. (nih.gov)
  • Eleven patients had isolates that became resistant to antimicrobial agents. (nih.gov)
  • The RFLP patterns of the isolates from six of these patients remained essentially unchanged (two strains showed one additional band) despite the development of drug resistance. (nih.gov)
  • In five other patients, however, the RFLP patterns of the isolates changed dramatically at the time that drug resistance was detected. (nih.gov)
  • Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major causes of death related to antimicrobial resistance worldwide because of the spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis multi- and extensively drug resistant (multi-drug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR), respectively) clinical isolates. (frontiersin.org)
  • A total of 87 isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were collected from patients in all regions of Lebanon and characterized in terms of drug sensitivity. (who.int)
  • Cultural studies on two isolates of ' Mycobacterium genavense ' from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. (mycobactoscana.it)
  • A total of 252 isolates were identi- ria such as M. abscessus , M. mucogenicum , using the monophasic-biphasic culture fied as Mycobacterium spp. (who.int)
  • However, several studies test-tube represents a biphasic environ- M. simiae (comprising 25.8% of total have failed to identify nontuberculous ment (a liquid phase in contact with isolates), scotochromogens, identified mycobacteria in water samples, often be- solid one), while the upper portion is as M. szulgai (7.5% of total isolates) and cause of unsuitable isolation techniques single phase (solid only). (who.int)
  • Isolates that are confirmed to contain Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex are considered critical and require same day submitter notification. (ms.gov)
  • Isolates that are confirmed to contain non-tuberculosis mycobacteria or actinomycetes are reported the same day but do not require submitter notification. (ms.gov)
  • In Case 4, although the patient had been on antituberculosis chemotherapy for 6 weeks, her isolates were drug-resistant and her sputum-smear was still positive for acid-fast bacilli when she was admitted to the gastrointestinal service. (respiratory-therapy.com)
Abscessus8
  • The prevalence of Mycobacterium abscessus infections in non-cystic fibrosis (CF) patients has increased in recent years. (ersjournals.com)
  • We performed stimulations of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and whole blood from 13 patients with M. abscessus pulmonary disease and 13 healthy controls to investigate their cytokine production after 24 h and 7 days. (ersjournals.com)
  • Patients with COPD showed an impaired interleukin (IL)-6 response to M. abscessus and a reduced IL-17 response to Candida , together with a M. abscessus -specific enhanced IL-22 production. (ersjournals.com)
  • Mycobacterium abscessus is a nontuberculous mycobacterium notorious for causing difficult-to-treat pulmonary infections. (ersjournals.com)
  • [ 6 ] Person-to-person spread is extremely uncommon, although in 2012 the first known outbreak of respiratory Mycobacterium abscessus subsp massiliense disease occurring in a population of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) was reported. (medscape.com)
  • Although person-to-person transmission of most NTM infections is generally not thought to occur, M. abscessus may be transmitted among patients with cystic fibrosis. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABC) is one of the most commonly isolated RGM in respiratory specimens and also the most pathogenic organism in the group. (contagionlive.com)
  • M abscessus is the third most frequently isolated nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) pulmonary pathogen in the United States. (contagionlive.com)
Pathogens4
Subspecies10
  • Naser SA, Sagramsingh SR, Naser AS, Thanigachalam S. Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis causes Crohn's disease in some inflammatory bowel disease patients. (wjgnet.com)
  • One theory in particular is that Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is intimately linked to the etiology of CD. (wjgnet.com)
  • Does Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis cause Crohn's disease? (bmj.com)
  • 1- 4 Interest in a possible infectious origin of this disorder was renewed in 1989 when Chiodini et al cultured apparently identical Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) from three patients with Crohn's disease. (bmj.com)
  • The isolation prevalence of each subspecies varies depending on geographical location [ 3 , 4 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • Olsen I, Tollefsen S, Aagaard C, Reitan LJ, Bannantine JP, Andersen P, Sollid LM, Lundin KE: Isolation of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis reactive CD4 T cells from intestinal biopsies of Crohn's disease patients. (exbio.cz)
  • Johne's disease is chronic inflammation of the intestine caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Infected animals shed Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in milk and into the environment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • An overwhelming balance of probability and Public health risk favours the conclusion that Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis is also pathogenic for people. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Johne's disease (JD) is a systemic infection and chronic inflammation of the intestine in animals caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). (biomedcentral.com)
Respiratory11
  • a possible opportunistic respiratory tract pathogen in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Delayed results reporting can lead to patients placed in respiratory isolation unnecessarily or put on ineffective therapies. (cepheid.com)
  • Today surgical masks are worn in a wide range of healthcare settings to protect patients from the wearers' respiratory emissions. (cdc.gov)
  • Microbiological and clinical study of the patients with repeated isolations of NTM in respiratory samples registered in our laboratory between 2000 and 2004. (isciii.es)
  • Facing the difficulty of attributing an etiological role to an NTM of respiratory samples, it is necessary to follow international criteria such as those of the ATS before beginning a specific treatment in order to avoid the incorrect treatment of patients. (isciii.es)
  • Real-time PCR for the detection of M. tuberculosis complex is automatically performed on smear-positive respiratory specimens from new patients. (ms.gov)
  • The patient is placed in respiratory isolation, sputum is sent for acid-fast bacillus (AFB) stain and cultures, and the results show acid-fast bacilli consistent with Mycobacterium spp. (mhmedical.com)
  • In Case 3, the diagnosis was not suspected and the patient was not placed in respiratory isolation. (respiratory-therapy.com)
  • The patient had a chronic HIV infection that had been treated with antiretroviral therapy and was newly diagnosed with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2019 infection, hepatitis C infection and liver cirrhosis. (touchinfectiousdiseases.com)
  • Isolation of the species from the respiratory specimen culture from at least 2 separate cultures is collected over an interval of a week or more. (contagionlive.com)
  • 7,8 Bronchoscopy is offered to patients with high suspicion of having NTM lung disease from whom the respiratory culture cannot be obtained. (contagionlive.com)
Infection22
  • Cutaneous Mycobacterium gordonae infection in an elderly diabetic returned traveller. (cdc.gov)
  • Colonization of hospital water systems is associated with infection, disease, and nosocomial isolation. (medscape.com)
  • Most M xenopi infections occur in the lungs, usually in patients with preexisting lung disease or with predisposing conditions (eg, extrapulmonary malignancy, alcoholism, diabetes mellitus, HIV infection). (medscape.com)
  • M xenopi can cause 2 patterns of disease in these patients: localized pulmonary disease that can mimic tuberculosis in persons with early-stage HIV infection and disseminated disease in those with advanced AIDS. (medscape.com)
  • Non-tuberculous mycobacteria in the sputum of HIV-infected patients: infection or colonization? (medscape.com)
  • Adding to CDC's current recommendations for administering isoniazid preventive therapy to HIV-infected persons with positive tuberculin skin tests and to HIV-infected persons who were exposed to patients with infectious TB, this report also describes in detail the use of new short-course (i.e., 2 months) multidrug regimens (e.g., a rifamycin, such as rifampin or rifabutin, combined with pyrazinamide) to prevent TB in persons with HIV infection. (cdc.gov)
  • 17 These results are consistent with two possibilities: either MAP infection could cause Crohn's disease in a subset of patients that are either selectively exposed to this organism or who are genetically susceptible to infection or, alternatively, this relatively common dietary organism may selectively colonise (or a dead organism selectively lodge in) the ulcerated mucosa of Crohn's disease patients but not initiate or perpetuate intestinal inflammation. (bmj.com)
  • In this study, we investigate whether immune defects explain the apparent susceptibility to this opportunistic infection in non-CF patients. (ersjournals.com)
  • 1 ]. Tuberculosis is associated with risk factors such as age, male gender, HIV infection, smoking, asthma, and family history of close contact with TB patients [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Additionally, the hospital requested NIOSH assistance in evaluating aerosol control and containment efforts (i.e., fan systems in patient rooms, new isolation rooms) to reduce the potential for nosocomial MTB infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Because antibiotics were unknown, the only means of controlling the spread of infection was to isolate patients in private sanitoria or hospitals limited to patients with TB - a practice that continues to this day in many countries. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Many elderly patients developed the infection some years ago when the disease was more widespread. (encyclopedia.com)
  • All age categories were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, but also patients having diabetes or hypertension or other cardiovascular diseases. (bvsalud.org)
  • With diagnosed infection, patients over 65 years and those with hypertension and cardiovascular disease and diabetes were highly associated with death. (bvsalud.org)
  • Mycobacterium genavense and Mycobacterium avium mixed infection in an AIDS patient. (mycobactoscana.it)
  • Disseminated infection due to Mycobacterium celatum in patient with AIDS. (mycobactoscana.it)
  • Nasal Mycobacterium kansasii infection in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. (mycobactoscana.it)
  • Nonetheless, the number of patients presenting with NTM infection that requires treatment appears to be increasing. (msdmanuals.com)
  • We describe the following typical patient encountered in clinical practice to demonstrate the need for maintaining a high level of clinical vigilance for PE in patients with coexistent HIV, TB and COVID-19 infection. (sajhivmed.org.za)
  • The transition of healthcare delivery from acute care hospitals to outpatient (ambulatory care) settings, along with ongoing outbreaks and patient notification events, have demonstrated the need for greater understanding and implementation of basic infection prevention guidance. (rsnhope.org)
  • Inpatients in particular, but health care workers also, were involved in outbreaks of tuberculosis due to nosocomial transmission of M. tuberculosis, often amplified because HIV-infected patients with new tuberculosis infection progressed rapidly to active disease.13-18 When the outbreaks involved multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, case mortality rates approached those of the preantibiotic era.19 Tuberculosis among health care workers can be prevented, however, with appropriate infection control practices. (respiratory-therapy.com)
  • 4,7 MABC infection can cause complications (soft tissue and mediastinal abscess) in patients who undergo lung transplant, thereby requiring assessment for NTM pulmonary disease before lung transplant evaluation. (contagionlive.com)
Xenopi4
  • M xenopi, a slow-growing, nontuberculous mycobacterium, is often considered to be a saprophyte or an environmental contaminant. (medscape.com)
  • Discitis and sacroiliitis diagnosed 15years after iatrogenic Mycobacterium xenopi inoculation. (medscape.com)
  • Portillo ME, Sánchez F, Vicente E, Salvadó M. [Trochanteric bursitis due to Mycobacterium xenopi in a patient with pharmacological immunosuppression]. (medscape.com)
  • Mycobacterium xenopi isolation from clinical specimens in the Florence area: review of 46 cases. (mycobactoscana.it)
Strains4
  • A) Evolutionary tree involving 16S rRNA gene (1,067 positions) of isolate X7091 and 26 Mycobacterium strains. (cdc.gov)
  • Male patients appeared more likely either to be infected by or to develop multi-drug resistant strains. (who.int)
  • There was also evidence for a distribution of genotype groups indicating some level of geographical isolation and hence separate evolution of M. tuberculosis strains. (who.int)
  • There is no cross-reactivity with non-tuberculous mycobacteria, and TB and rifampicin resistance were correctly detected in the presence of non-tuberculous DNA or mixed susceptible and resistant strains. (bvsalud.org)
Crohn's1
  • Trials with antituberculous drugs appear to benefit some patients with Crohn's disease, but isolation of Mycobacterium johnei from tissues continues to be sporadic. (northwestern.edu)
Organism2
  • Also, isolation of an NTM organism does not necessarily mean it is the cause of disease. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Besides pathogenic NTMs, Mycobacterium smegmatis is often used as a model organism for understanding mycobacterial physiology and has been studied extensively for understanding the mycobacterial biofilms. (microbialcell.com)
Infections2
  • During the Renaissance, strict isolation of all infected individuals reportedly yielded results as records of new infections significantly reduced. (ceufast.com)
  • Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections There are over 170 recognized species of mycobacteria, mostly environmental. (merckmanuals.com)
Species of mycobacteria2
  • The type of disease depends on the species of mycobacteria, the route and degree of exposure, and the immune status of the host. (medscape.com)
  • There are over 170 recognized species of mycobacteria, mostly environmental. (msdmanuals.com)
Kansasii1
Bovis2
  • Similar disease occasionally results from the closely related mycobacteria, M. bovis , M. africanum , and M. microti . (merckmanuals.com)
  • The only preventive measure available is Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), which has fared extremely well in providing protection against childhood TB 3 . (nature.com)
Smegmatis1
  • Mycobacterium also includes a number of non-pathogenic forms such as M. smegmatis . (fieldofscience.com)
Bacteria6
  • Mycobacteria are a large group of aerobic bacteria that produce filamentous pellicles similar to molds when grown in liquid media. (medscape.com)
  • These three bacteria, together with M. tuberculosis and other less common mycobacteria, are known as the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. (merckmanuals.com)
  • The slow-growing that humans are infected with nontuber- (TB) broth to cover the lower portion of bacteria included: photochromogens, culous mycobacteria from environmen- the slant only. (who.int)
  • MIC-EDU isolator Kill viruses, spores, fungi, mycobacterium and bacteria that may contaminate surfaces and cause diseases. (thomasnet.com)
  • Contact with different species of environmental Mycobacterium can cause acquired immunity to M. tuberculosis or increase the efficacy of BCG vaccine protection (M. vaccae, M. microti), although some species of these bacteria reduce the efficacy of BCG vaccine (M. scrofulaceum) [8,10-13]. (who.int)
  • 4. After isolation and culture, there were more miscellaneous bacteria and less mycobacterium tuberculosis, and the samples that could not be purified or the samples had been contaminated. (who.int)
Environmental mycobacteria1
  • The different environmental mycobacteria are very similar and for many years were mistakenly assumed to be M. tuberculosis in patients [1,2]. (who.int)
Polymerase Chain Re1
  • In the present work, the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was standardized, and the laboratory diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis was evaluated comparing baciloscopy, culture and PCR tests. (scielo.br)
Guideline for Isolation Precautions1
  • The 2007 CDC and HICPAC Guideline for Isolation Precautions was a first attempt to provide recommendations that can be applied in all healthcare settings. (rsnhope.org)
Fortuitum3
Causative agent2
  • Despite the isolation and identification of the causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, since 1882 and the use of specific chemotherapy from the early twentieth century, the disease remains a major public health problem, especially in developing countries. (bvsalud.org)
  • In the end, we have described the biofilms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis. (microbialcell.com)
Pathogenic1
  • We have discussed the biofilms of several pathogenic non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) species in context to the in vivo pathologies. (microbialcell.com)
Complex4
  • Among six samples with positive results in culture, one was identified by PCR-RFLP as belonging to the M. tuberculosis complex and one was identified as a non-tuberculosis mycobacteria. (scielo.br)
  • The UK Mycobacterial Resistance Network (Mycobnet), which includes all mycobacterial reference and regional laboratories in the UK, collects a minimum dataset on all individuals from whom an initial isolate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex has been isolated and submitted by source hospital laboratories. (bmj.com)
  • Mycobacterial species isolated from sputum and grown in culture were examined to distinguish between NTM and the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC). (who.int)
  • Apart from the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC), the genus Mycobacterium includes over 120 species of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). (who.int)
Incidence2
Detection4
  • Hussein Z, Landt O, Wirths B, Wellinghausen N. Detection of non-tuberculous mycobacteria in hospital water by culture and molecular methods. (medscape.com)
  • Finally, we also constructed a data sheet including the mutations associated with BDQ resistance that could be useful for the early detection of BDQ-resistance in MDR/XDR patients with the purpose of a better management of antibiotic resistance in clinical settings. (frontiersin.org)
  • In this review article, data from 60 studies showing the detection and isolation of MAP by PCR and culture techniques have been reviewed. (wjgnet.com)
  • http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16996738<br />Detection of chlamydial bodies and antigens in the central nervous system of patients with multiple sclerosis. (blogspot.com)
Prevalence4
  • Loret JF , Dumoutier N . Non-tuberculous mycobacteria in drinking water systems: A review of prevalence data and control means. (cdc.gov)
  • Prevalence of positive PPD was 50.7% with no significant difference between HIV-positive and -negative patients ( P = 0.8). (hindawi.com)
  • ABSTRACT This research compared the numbers and types of different Mycobacterium species in soil samples taken from 2 areas of Golestan province, Islamic Republic of Iran, 1 with a high prevalence of tuberculosis and 1 with a low prevalence. (who.int)
  • The frequencies of environmental Mycobacterium in the low-prevalence area were much higher than in the high-prevalence area, perhaps due to different environmental factors. (who.int)
Isolate1
  • The change in the RFLP pattern of the isolate from one patient appeared to be the result of contamination during processing in the laboratory. (nih.gov)
Specimens4
  • Multicentre evaluation of a biphasic culture system for recovery of mycobacteria from clinical specimens. (mycobactoscana.it)
  • The Mycobacteriology section identifies Mycobacterium species and other aerobic actinomycetes from clinical specimens and from cultures referred on growth media. (ms.gov)
  • Smear-negative specimens are tested by request for patients that meet the tuberculosis case definition for public health surveillance. (ms.gov)
  • After the collection of specimens from the patient, and the isolation and identification of the infecting microbe, susceptibility testing may detect resistance. (who.int)
Gordonae1
  • Mycobacterium gordonae in patient with facial ulcers, nosebleeds, and positive T-SPOT.TB test, China. (cdc.gov)
Marinum1
Rifampin2
  • Ideally, the management of TB among HIV-infected patients taking antiretroviral drugs requires a) directly observed therapy, b) availability of experienced and coordinated TB/HIV care givers, and in most situations, c) use of a TB treatment regimen that includes rifabutin instead of rifampin. (cdc.gov)
  • Because alternatives to the use of rifampin for antituberculosis treatment are now available, the previously recommended practice of stopping protease inhibitor therapy to allow the use of rifampin for TB treatment is no longer recommended for patients with HIV-related TB. (cdc.gov)
Genus1
  • The family Mycobacteriaceae consists of a single genus, Mycobacterium , which are thin, slightly curved-to-straight, non-spore-forming, nonmotile acid-fast bacilli. (medscape.com)
Characterization1
Cystic4
  • Cystic fibrosis (CF), non-CF bronchiectasis, COPD and low body mass index (BMI) are the best-known predisposing conditions for nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) [ 2 , 5 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • This is an observational multicentre study including 819 patients diagnosed with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis using high-resolution computed tomography. (ersjournals.com)
  • Longer survival of patients with cystic fibrosis and patients with other predisposing lung diseases may be a factor. (msdmanuals.com)
  • 6 MABC is seen in patients with underlying structural lung disease such as cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis, prior tuberculosis, pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, and esophageal motility disorders. (contagionlive.com)
Susceptibility1
  • Results of different methods used for drug susceptibility of Mycobacteria. (mycobactoscana.it)
Aerobic2
  • Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are aerobic, generally free-living organisms that do not form spores. (medscape.com)
  • Mycobacteria are small, slow-growing, aerobic bacilli. (merckmanuals.com)
Sputum samples1
  • The study was carried out with 117 sputum samples from different patients suspected of having pulmonary tuberculosis, for whom physicians had ordered a baciloscopy test. (scielo.br)
Diagnosis8
  • Early diagnosis and effective treatment of TB among HIV-infected patients are critical for curing TB, minimizing the negative effects of TB on the course of HIV, and interrupting the transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to other persons in the community. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition, these authors reported weak associations with perianal involvement and a shorter duration of disease but no correlation with patient sex, age at diagnosis, stricturing versus penetrating phenotype, or presence of granulomas. (bmj.com)
  • Timely diagnosis of TB especially in prisoners by understanding its most important epidemiologic characteristics and clinical features can help to make an early treatment and prevent spread of mycobacteria and their complications. (hindawi.com)
  • Early diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis plays a significant role in preventing the spread of the disease and eventual death of the patients [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Although the proportion of drug resistant tuberculosis cases appears to be stable in the UK at present, more than one in 20 patients has drug resistant disease at diagnosis and more than one in 100 has multidrug resistant disease. (bmj.com)
  • Was held a retrospective study of survey data from patient records involving all patients with the diagnosis of tuberculosis assisted on inpatient and outpatient de pneumologia of a children's Hospital public in the city of São Paulo from 2005 to 2010. (bvsalud.org)
  • Patients were reviewed prospectively regarding diagnosis and treatment. (org.sa)
  • On September 2, 2013, 139 days after his initial diagnosis and confinement for isolation, Tenzin was officially deemed non-communicable. (idsociety.org)
Bacilli3
  • Acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear and culture using sputum obtained from the patient. (medscape.com)
  • The acid-fast bacilli of Mycobacterium tuberculosis seen with acid-fast staining at 100 power with oil immersion microscopy. (mhmedical.com)
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli enter the host by droplet inhalation. (medscape.com)
Identification3
  • Of the cases investigated 32.5 % presented positivity for identification of Mycobacteria. (bvsalud.org)
  • Development and evaluation of a program and probability matrix for the computer-aided identification of non-tuberculous mycobacteria. (mycobactoscana.it)
  • The section utilizes the automated Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) system and Lowenstein-Jensen slants for the isolation and identification of mycobacteria. (ms.gov)
Infectious Agents2
  • This includes persons not directly involved in patient care (e.g., clerical, house-keeping, and volunteers) but potentially exposed to infectious agents that can be transmitted to and from HCP and patients. (rsnhope.org)
  • In addition to all of the factors mentioned above, infectious agents such as mycobacteria, have been suggested to be associated with the development of sarcoidosis, because the production of granulomas is a key factor in the immune defense response against these agents. (encyclopedia.pub)
Samples2
  • Three (2.56%) samples presented a positive baciloscopy result and a positive PCR result (100% agreement), and nine (7.69%) presented Mycobacterium sp. (scielo.br)
  • To determine the proportion of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in samples of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) cases from Papua New Guinea who were diagnosed using acid-fast microscopy. (who.int)
Drug resistant1
  • Certain groups of people were at a higher risk of acquiring drug resistant tuberculosis including younger men, residents of London, foreign born subjects, patients with a previous history of tuberculosis and those infected with HIV. (bmj.com)
Exposure1
  • Healthcare personnel (HCP) are defined as all persons, paid and unpaid, working in ambulatory care settings who have the potential for exposure to patients and/or to infectious materials, including body substances, contaminated medical supplies and equipment, contaminated environmental surfaces, or contaminated air. (rsnhope.org)
Culture3
  • While culture results are pending, the patient is started on four antituberculosis drugs. (mhmedical.com)
  • Fortunately, the sputum culture result shows pansusceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis , and his treatment continues with directly observed therapy through the local city health department. (mhmedical.com)
  • MDR-TB prospectively enrolled in four distinctly diverse settings showed that 92.2% of culture- positive patients were detected by a single direct Xpert MTB/RIF test. (bvsalud.org)
Immune4
  • Physicians and patients also should be aware that paradoxical reactions might occur during the course of TB treatment when antiretroviral therapy restores immune function. (cdc.gov)
  • AIDS patients are much more likely to develop tuberculosis because of their weakened immune systems. (encyclopedia.com)
  • 39;s Disease: Common Neural and Immune Pathogenicities http://jcm.asm.org/cgi/content/full/45/12/3883<br />Growth of acid fast L forms from the blood of patients with sarcoidosis. (blogspot.com)
  • Another reason for the medical importance of environmental Mycobacterium is the potential impact on the immune response. (who.int)
Disease19
  • In the remaining four patients, all of whom had advanced HIV disease, the clinical and microbiologic evidence was consistent with the presence of active tuberculosis caused by a new strain of M. tuberculosis. (nih.gov)
  • Extrapulmonary and disseminated disease may develop in patients with AIDS or other immunodeficiencies. (medscape.com)
  • AFB smear could provide faster turn-around time, but may be missing the true positive cases and patients may continue to spread MTB to others in the community, increasing the disease burden. (cepheid.com)
  • Entire organizations were set up to study not only the disease as it affected individual patients, but its impact on the society as a whole. (encyclopedia.com)
  • The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommend the use of a NIOSH-certified N95 or better respirator for the protection of healthcare workers who come in direct contact with patients with H1N1. (cdc.gov)
  • Patients with co-morbidities were associated with symptomatic disease, but only the under 15 years were not associated with. (bvsalud.org)
  • In central Europe, isolation interrupted chain transmissions of the disease, and it reportedly 'vanished. (ceufast.com)
  • The health-care facility environment is rarely implicated in disease transmission, except among patients who are immunocompromised. (nih.gov)
  • Tuberculosis properly refers only to disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (for which humans are the main reservoir). (merckmanuals.com)
  • The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) published and updated "Guidelines for Preventing the Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Health-Care Settings, 2005" a little over a decade ago and identified the need for a negative pressure of at least 0 .001 inch of water to prevent spreading the disease. (allsensors.com)
  • More recently, Avian Bird Flu H5N1, another highly contagious disease, has raised the need for isolation and negative pressure control. (allsensors.com)
  • Genetic heterogeneity, suggested by clusters of patients with the same human leukocyte antigen or autoimmune markers, may predispose to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). (northwestern.edu)
  • Isolation of Mycobacterium shimoidei from a patient with cavitary pulmonary disease. (mycobactoscana.it)
  • Besides, an increase in T cell responses are observed against HspX in healthy latent individuals as compared to active TB patients suggesting its role in maintaining a disease free state in these subjects 9 . (nature.com)
  • In a clinical capacity, Professor Thomson is able to offer patients expert management of their disease at Pulmedica, Greenslopes Private Hospital, at public clinics at The Prince Charles Hospital and the MetroSouth Clinical TB service of the Princess Alexandra Hospital and via telehealth for patients across Australia. (edu.au)
  • TB, or Mycobacterium tuberculosis , is an airborne infectious disease that is now the leading infectious disease killer in the world claiming 1.8 million lives each year. (idsociety.org)
  • The accounts of these patients relay the frightening experiences of a disease with no known cure for many years and the lack of social support that existed from the outside community. (rdhmag.com)
  • Through patients' accounts, it is known that some people were sent to the settlement who did not have the disease, but rather skin disorders. (rdhmag.com)
  • 9 Pretransplant MABC isolation can be a risk factor for posttransplant MABC lung disease. (contagionlive.com)
Acid fast1
  • A report of "no mycobacteria isolated" means that no acid-fast organisms have grown by the end of six weeks. (ms.gov)
AIDS2
Transmission3
  • Infected patients do not generally pose a transmission risk. (cdc.gov)
  • The request concerned the risk of transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) to hospital workers. (cdc.gov)
  • In contrast, higher (positive) air pressure in the isolation room than in the adjacent corridor or anteroom prevents transmission from the outside environment to severely immunosuppressed patients. (allsensors.com)