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Dental PlaqueBiofilmsStreptococcus mutansDental CariesDental CareActinomycesDental Plaque IndexSalivaVeillonellaStreptococcus oralisMouthStreptococcus sanguisEducation, DentalStreptococcusSchools, DentalStudents, DentalPlaque, AtheroscleroticCariogenic AgentsGingivitisBacterial AdhesionStreptococcus sobrinusStreptococcus gordoniiPeriodontal DiseasesOral HygieneDextranaseDental Care for Chronically IllDental PellicleFusobacterium nucleatumDental Care for ChildrenDental ClinicsMouthwashesColony Count, MicrobialDental PulpPeriodontitisBacterial ProteinsDental HygienistsGlucosyltransferasesFaculty, DentalToothbrushingDMF IndexChlorhexidineDental Care for DisabledGene Expression Regulation, BacterialToothPlanktonSucroseDental AnxietyDiet, CariogenicStreptococcus mitisBacteriaInsurance, DentalDental AuxiliariesDental Health ServicesMicroscopy, Electron, ScanningDental ResearchDental Devices, Home CareBacterial Physiological PhenomenaDental Care for AgedDental EquipmentMicrobial ViabilityDental ProphylaxisMicrobial InteractionsDental ArchPseudomonas aeruginosaDental OfficesPolysaccharides, BacterialOral Hygiene IndexDNA, BacterialDental RecordsPorphyromonas gingivalisDental StaffCulture MediaAnti-Bacterial AgentsGlucansGingivaGeneral Practice, DentalDental AmalgamAnti-Infective Agents, LocalCariostatic AgentsDental ImplantsPeriodontal IndexDental CalculusDental AssistantsDental EnamelEducation, Dental, ContinuingMicroscopy, ConfocalViral Plaque AssayAnesthesia, DentalOral HealthQuorum SensingCandida albicansCapnocytophagaRadiography, DentalDental MaterialsFluoridesDental ModelsEducation, Dental, GraduateAntibiosisEthics, DentalDental Service, Hospital
StreptococcusMicrobesVitroColonizationTeethCariogenicMicroorganismsInhibitionNanoparticlesSucroseCaries and PeriodontitisDemineralizationAlbicansAnaerobicLactic acidAntimicrobialTransmission electron mSpeciesFormationSurfacesAdhereNutrientsAccumulationExtracellularPathogenicPenetrateUndergoesLight-curedPolysaccharideDegradeMicrobial cellsDiseasesGrowthInfectionsSalivaPrevalentHarmfulCompositeTissuesSurfacePeriodontal diseaseFoundPromotesProcessesMetabolitesStreptococciOralPresenceEnzymeCommonly
Streptococcus19
Microbes12
  • It has been suggested that when both microbes are present, more biofilm matrix is produced, with a greater density. (wikipedia.org)
  • Microbes form a biofilm in response to a number of different factors, [9] which may include cellular recognition of specific or non-specific attachment sites on a surface, nutritional cues, or in some cases, by exposure of planktonic cells to sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics . (wikipedia.org)
  • In a new study, researchers at the University of Pennslyvania School of Dental Medicine and the Georiga Institute of Technology found that microbes' spatial organization is crucial to how they cause tooth decay. (dentalproductsreport.com)
  • In a new study, researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine and the Georgia Institute of Technology found that microbes' spatial organization is crucial to how they cause tooth decay. (dentalproductsreport.com)
  • The team used a combination of super-resolution confocal and scanning electron microscopy with computational analysis to dissect the arrangement of S. mutans and other microbes of the intact biofilm on the teeth. (dentalproductsreport.com)
  • This biofilm is formed by the accumulation of microbes in the oral cavity which causes the pH of the mouth to decrease. (healthnews.com)
  • These biofilms are composed of polysaccharides and it provides the microbes protective environment to reside and proliferate. (drtbalu.co)
  • Their main purpose is to help degrade biofilms, interfere with communication between microbes, enhance penetration of concurrently used antimicrobials and act as antimicrobials themselves. (supremenutritionproducts.com)
  • Candida albicans is also known to produce biofilm colonies as do many other potentially health-affecting microbes. (supremenutritionproducts.com)
  • We have seen patients end up with serious complications from using these agents as a result of "freeing" microbes that were living with the biofilm and were now released. (supremenutritionproducts.com)
  • Some are able to penetrate the biofilm layer as well as interrupt "quorum sensing", and kill a broad spectrum of microbes. (supremenutritionproducts.com)
  • As the biofilm diminishes, endotoxins, mycotoxins, etc. secreted or excreted by microbes that are contained within the matrix, are then released into the bloodstream. (supremenutritionproducts.com)
Vitro2
  • Other products used to degrade biofilms include EDTA (calcium, heavy metal removal), and silica (In vitro studies show biofilms do not grow on silicone rubber. (supremenutritionproducts.com)
  • To evaluate in vitro the effect of a red propolis ethanolic extract (RPE) in the prevention of growth of a cariogenic biofilm and its cytotoxic potential. (bvsalud.org)
Colonization3
  • Recently, proteins involved in the colonization of teeth by S. mutans have been shown to produce antibodies that inhibit the cariogenic process. (wikipedia.org)
  • Regarding the effects of green tea polyphenols on the S. moorei colonization properties, it was found that biofilm formation on EGCG-treated surfaces was significantly affected, and that green tea extract and EGCG can cause the eradication of pre-formed S. moorei biofilms. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Red propolis extract showed antibacterial activity against the tested strains, exhibited acceptable cytotoxicity and reduced the colonization of S. mutans and L. casei in a biofilm membrane model. (bvsalud.org)
Teeth14
  • S. mutans is one of a few specialized organisms equipped with receptors that improve adhesion to the surface of teeth. (wikipedia.org)
  • The treatment that these specialized dentists can provide includes not only managing any pathology associated with the dental hard and soft tissues, such as tooth decay and trauma to teeth and lips, but also to manage their patient's psychological needs. (positivehealth.com)
  • There are several advantages that dentists have when working with children, depending upon the age of the child: there are two sets of teeth, children are still growing, and true primary prevention can be implemented before any dental diseases start. (positivehealth.com)
  • Saliva and its components are essential for the maintenance of oral health through the formation of the biofilm that covers the teeth and oral mucosa. (positivehealth.com)
  • [8] Biofilms can form on the teeth of most animals as dental plaque , where they may cause tooth decay and gum disease . (wikipedia.org)
  • Taking a different approach, researchers examined bacteria growing on toddlers' teeth and imaged the bacteria that cause tooth decay-the biofilm known as dental plaque- in 3D in their natural environment and how it formed on toddlers' teeth that were affected by caries. (dentalproductsreport.com)
  • We started with these clinical samples, extracted teeth from children with severe tooth decay," said Hyun (Michel) Koo, D.D.S, MS, Ph.D., a professor in the Department of Orthodontics at UPenn School of Dental Medicine and a co-senior author of the study. (dentalproductsreport.com)
  • Not only the teeth, but also the restorative material can be colonized by bacteria and allow biofilm growth 3,7,12 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Dental plaque is a community of microorganisms found on the surface of teeth or other hard surfaces like dentures and embedded in a matrix of polymers of both host and bacterial origin. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Dental cavities are defined as permanently damaged areas that occur on the hard surfaces of teeth. (healthnews.com)
  • Preventing the occurrence of plaque on the teeth can reduce the risk of cavities. (healthnews.com)
  • These sealants form a mechanical barrier on the teeth which ensures that biofilms do not develop over teeth. (healthnews.com)
  • The evolution of infections from teeth occurs as follows: Dental diseases gives rise to pulpitis which could progress to periapical abscess which could ultimately spread through bone and soft tissues to involve deeper structures. (drtbalu.co)
  • The accumulation of microorganisms subjects the teeth and gums to high amounts of bacterial metabolites which results in dental disease. (supremenutritionproducts.com)
Cariogenic4
  • Bacterial-fungal co-coaggregation can help to increase the cariogenic potential of S. mutans. (wikipedia.org)
  • This therefore amplifies the cariogenic effect of S. mutans. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cariogenic bacteria are found in the complex biofilm which contains many kinds of bacteria called dental plaque. (positivehealth.com)
  • Lactobacillus acidophilus ( L. acidophilus ) is another microorganism present in cariogenic plaques, which enhances the demineralization of the tooth structure. (thejcdp.com)
Microorganisms10
  • A biofilm comprises any syntrophic consortium of microorganisms in which cells stick to each other and often also to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
  • Biofilms can attach to a surface such as a tooth or rock, and may include a single species or a diverse group of microorganisms. (wikipedia.org)
  • The formation of a biofilm begins with the attachment of free-floating microorganisms to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bacterial biofilm can be simply defined as a set of microorganisms and their extracellular products, adhered on many surface types. (bvsalud.org)
  • Although microorganisms can live free in the environment, most bacteria are associated in a biofilm. (bvsalud.org)
  • Microorganisms attach to surfaces and develop biofilms. (cdc.gov)
  • Rediscovery of a microbiologic phenomenon, first described by van Leeuwenhoek, that microorganisms attach to and grow universally on exposed surfaces led to studies that revealed surface-associated microorganisms (biofilms) exhibited a distinct phenotype with respect to gene transcription and growth rate. (cdc.gov)
  • These biofilm microorganisms have been shown to elicit specific mechanisms for initial attachment to a surface, development of a community structure and ecosystem, and detachment. (cdc.gov)
  • Van Leeuwenhoek, using his simple microscopes, first observed microorganisms on tooth surfaces and can be credited with the discovery of microbial biofilms. (cdc.gov)
  • 5 ) in 1978 put forth a theory of biofilms that explained the mechanisms whereby microorganisms adhere to living and nonliving materials and the benefits accrued by this ecologic niche. (cdc.gov)
Inhibition2
  • 90% biofilm inhibition associated with the contact-mediated interaction of nanoparticles with the bacterial membrane, excessive reactive oxygen species generation, and DNA fragmentation. (illinois.edu)
  • A total of 180 composite disks were fabricated for eluted component, disk agar diffusion (DAD), and biofilm inhibition tests. (thejcdp.com)
Nanoparticles6
  • Introduction: Currently, new methods to reduce biofilm formation on biomaterials are very studied, for example the use of silver nanoparticles, which were bactericidal. (bvsalud.org)
  • The antimicrobial activity of some materials show when nanoparticles are added has been recently demonstrated and largely studied as the new method to allow controlling the microbial biofilm growth on surfaces 8,17,18 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Thus, innovations enabling the control of biofilm growth on such materials have been the aim of many researches, for example, the use of silver nanoparticles and other alternative compounds 4,13,15,25 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Therefore, Novaron is a potential antimicrobial agent applying in light-cured and inorganic nanoparticles reinforced dental resin materials. (peerj.com)
  • We propose an antibiotic-free strategy to disrupt the biofilm by engineered clustered carbon dot nanoparticles that function in the acidic environment of the biofilms. (illinois.edu)
  • An in vivo examination showed that these nanoparticles could effectively suppress the growth of S. mutans. (illinois.edu)
Sucrose5
  • Along with S. sobrinus, S. mutans plays a major role in tooth decay, metabolizing sucrose to lactic acid. (wikipedia.org)
  • S. mutans uses the enzyme glucansucrase to convert sucrose into a sticky, extracellular, dextran-based polysaccharide that allows them to cohere, forming plaque. (wikipedia.org)
  • S. mutans produces dextran via the enzyme dextransucrase (a hexosyltransferase) using sucrose as a substrate in the following reaction: n sucrose → (glucose)n + n fructose Sucrose is the only sugar that bacteria can use to form this sticky polysaccharide. (wikipedia.org)
  • The samples were incubated in bacterial suspension (S. mutans) enriched with 20% sucrose to promote biofilm growth on the surfaces. (bvsalud.org)
  • Sucrose fermentation causes pH to drop rapidly to 5.0 or less at the point where the plaque contacts the tooth enamel. (encyclopedia.pub)
Caries and Periodontitis1
Demineralization3
  • The caries process can be visualized as a balance between the pathological factors promoting loss of calcium and phosphate from the dental hard tissues (demineralization), and protective factors promoting the process whereby calcium and phosphate enter the dental hard tissues (remineralization). (positivehealth.com)
  • Dental plaques are biofilms that cause dental caries by demineralization with acidogenic bacteria. (illinois.edu)
  • Dental caries results from surface demineralization caused by an organized biofilm exposed to fermentable carbohydrates from the diet [1]. (bvsalud.org)
Albicans2
  • A symbiotic relationship with S. mutans and Candida albicans leads to increased glucan production and increased biofilm formation. (wikipedia.org)
  • When farnesol is in high concentration, it inhibits the growth of both S. mutans and C. albicans. (wikipedia.org)
Anaerobic2
  • If not removed regularly, the biofilm undergoes maturation, which is connected with a progressive shift from a Gram-positive to a Gram-negative anaerobic species, which results in formation under the gingival surface, where bacteria grow profusely [ 1 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • These plaques contain mainly gram negative anaerobic organism. (drtbalu.co)
Lactic acid1
  • However, other sugars-glucose, fructose, lactose-can also be digested by S. mutans, but they produce lactic acid as an end product. (wikipedia.org)
Antimicrobial6
  • When the crown-like structures were intact, S. mutans in the inner core largely avoided dying from the antimicrobial treatment. (dentalproductsreport.com)
  • Using plants to produce antimicrobial peptides, the researchers were able to rapidly kill tooth-decay-causing bacteria and thwart their ability to form biofilms on a tooth-like surface with a single topical treatment. (upenn.edu)
  • The biofilm is used to both protect the bacteria from the host's immune system and most antimicrobial agents, while also serving as a nutritional reservoir in times of need. (supremenutritionproducts.com)
  • Chelation of minerals and metals can destabilize biofilm (EDTA can degrade biofilm), rendering the inhabiting bacteria more vulnerable to the host's immune system and antimicrobial substances. (supremenutritionproducts.com)
  • We have found them to be the most effective biofilm degraders with the least amount of potential negative side effects due to their antimicrobial properties. (supremenutritionproducts.com)
  • In order to prevent the clinical appearance of dental caries and to reduce its progression, several products with antimicrobial activity can be used [5,6]. (bvsalud.org)
Transmission electron m1
  • 3 ) used scanning and transmission electron microscopy to examine biofilms on trickling filters in a wastewater treatment plant and showed them to be composed of a variety of organisms (based on cell morphology). (cdc.gov)
Species5
  • S. mutans is naturally present in the human oral microbiota, along with at least 25 other species of oral streptococci. (wikipedia.org)
  • Surviving in the oral cavity, S. mutans is the primary causal agent and the pathogenic species responsible for dental caries (tooth decay or cavities) specifically in the initiation and development stages. (wikipedia.org)
  • A Lyme Disease researcher in New York also demonstrated that Borrelia species not only produce biofilm, but can live in the community in any form (i.e., spirochete, cell wall deficient, spheroblast, and cyst). (supremenutritionproducts.com)
  • Importantly, 16S rRNA analysis of the dental microbiota showed that the diversity and richness of bacterial species did not substantially change with nanoparticle treatment. (illinois.edu)
  • These carbohydrates act as nutrients for biofilm bacteria, especially acidogenic and aciduric species. (bvsalud.org)
Formation10
  • It stimulates the formation of S. mutans microcolonies. (wikipedia.org)
  • In many situations, biofilm formation is harmful to human beings causing diseases. (bvsalud.org)
  • Bacterial biofilm formation causes many diseases inside oral cavity: gingivitis, periodontal disease, and caries, so that the search for alternative methods for biofilm control are very important 6,28,30 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Two major thrusts in the last decade have dramatically impacted our understanding of biofilms: the utilization of the confocal laser scanning microscope to characterize biofilm ultrastructure, and an investigation of the genes involved in cell adhesion and biofilm formation. (cdc.gov)
  • Cavities are related to the formation of biofilms caused by fluctuations in the pH of the oral cavity. (healthnews.com)
  • Plaque formation predisoposes to odontoenic infections. (drtbalu.co)
  • Overall, this study presents a safe and effective approach to decrease the dental biofilm formation without disrupting the ecological balance of the oral cavity. (illinois.edu)
  • Biofilm formation was quantified by crystal violet staining. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cellulose membrane disks (13 mm, N=12) were used for biofilm formation (24 h) of S. mutans and L. casei , which were treated (1 min) with 0.4% RPE or 0.12% Chlorhexidine (CHX). (bvsalud.org)
  • The control group of biofilm formation was not submitted to any treatment. (bvsalud.org)
Surfaces3
  • Biofilms may form on living (biotic) or non-living (abiotic) surfaces and can be prevalent in natural, industrial, and hospital settings. (wikipedia.org)
  • Conclusion: Resins modified with silver presented reduction of S. mutans biofilm on their surfaces, according to the conditions of this study. (bvsalud.org)
  • Most of them attach to different surfaces to form some type of biofilm matrix that is highly structured and spatially organized. (encyclopedia.pub)
Adhere3
  • They must withstand the oral cleansing forces (e.g. saliva and the tongue movements) and adhere sufficiently to the dental hard tissues. (wikipedia.org)
  • [8] [5] The first colonist bacteria of a biofilm may adhere to the surface initially by the weak van der Waals forces and hydrophobic effects. (wikipedia.org)
  • A biofilm is a negatively charged group of cells which produce a matrix of extracellular polymeric substance and adhere to each other. (supremenutritionproducts.com)
Nutrients2
  • [13] The biofilm bacteria can share nutrients and are sheltered from harmful factors in the environment, such as desiccation, antibiotics, and a host body's immune system. (wikipedia.org)
  • Biofilms make easy to obtain nutrients and increase the resistance to antibiotics 10 . (bvsalud.org)
Accumulation2
  • We found this highly ordered community with a dense accumulation of S. mutans in the middle surrounded by these 'halos' of different bacteria, and wondered how this could cause tooth decay," Dr. Koo said. (dentalproductsreport.com)
  • Brackets and orthodontic appliances enhance plaque accumulation and increase the count of oral bacteria during the course of orthodontic treatment. (thejcdp.com)
Extracellular5
  • [2] [3] The cells within the biofilm produce the EPS components, which are typically a polymeric conglomeration of extracellular polysaccharides , proteins , lipids and DNA . (wikipedia.org)
  • Supporting and separating these layers was an extracellular scaffold made of sugars produced by S. mutans, effectively encasing and protecting the disease-causing bacteria. (dentalproductsreport.com)
  • But these agents are expensive to make and have had limited success at killing bacteria protected by the extracellular matrix, as is found in dental plaque. (upenn.edu)
  • Biofilm-associated cells can be differentiated from their suspended counterparts by generation of an extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix, reduced growth rates, and the up- and down- regulation of specific genes. (cdc.gov)
  • A biofilm is an assemblage of surface-associated microbial cells that is enclosed in an extracellular polymeric substance matrix. (cdc.gov)
Pathogenic2
Penetrate1
Undergoes1
  • [10] [11] A cell that switches to the biofilm mode of growth undergoes a phenotypic shift in behavior in which large suites of genes are differentially regulated . (wikipedia.org)
Light-cured1
  • Generally, light-cured dental resin composites consist of an organic resin matrix, inorganic fillers, photo-initiators and accelerators. (peerj.com)
Polysaccharide1
  • By using a specific polysaccharide-stain called Ruthenium red and coupling this with osmium tetroxide fixative, these researchers were also able to show that the matrix material surrounding and enclosing cells in these biofilms was polysaccharide. (cdc.gov)
Degrade1
  • And Daniell learned that Koo had done extensive work on caries-causing biofilms, including searching for alternative approaches to degrade them or prevent them altogether. (upenn.edu)
Microbial cells2
  • The microbial cells growing in a biofilm are physiologically distinct from planktonic cells of the same organism, which, by contrast, are single cells that may float or swim in a liquid medium. (wikipedia.org)
  • An established biofilm structure comprises microbial cells and EPS, has a defined architecture, and provides an optimal environment for the exchange of genetic material between cells. (cdc.gov)
Diseases6
  • Now, a report by University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine scientists in the journal Biomaterials suggests a new approach for delivering a protein drug to treat and prevent oral diseases, including dental caries, commonly known as cavities. (upenn.edu)
  • Dental plaque, which leads to oral diseases, may be a risk factor causing a severe course of COVID-19 similar to those in above mentioned chronic diseases. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Biofilms have great importance for public health because of their role in certain infectious diseases and importance in a variety of device-related infections. (cdc.gov)
  • Apart from dental causes, cavities are also associated with several systemic diseases. (healthnews.com)
  • Epidemiological and clinical studies have provided some evidence that green tea consumption may have potential oral health benefits thus resulting in a decreased incidence/severity of dental caries and periodontal diseases, the two most common oral infections [ 4 - 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Flowchart showing the possible mechanisms linking oral/dental infections to systemic diseases. (medscape.com)
Growth1
  • To discover methods of reducing the biofilm growth on some materials is challenging both for the science and industry 9 . (bvsalud.org)
Infections3
  • Odontogenic infections arise as a result of dental caries (advanced) or from periodontal disease. (drtbalu.co)
  • Biofilms have been found to be involved in a large percentage of bodily infections. (supremenutritionproducts.com)
  • Other infectious processes in which biofilms have been implicated include problems such as urinary tract infections, catheter infections, middle-ear infections, endocarditis, Lyme disease and its co-infections, infections in cystic fibrosis, and infections of permanent indwelling devices such as joint prostheses and heart valves. (supremenutritionproducts.com)
Saliva1
Prevalent2
  • S. mutans is most prevalent on the pits and fissures, constituting 39% of the total streptococci in the oral cavity. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dental cavities are the most prevalent disease in the US and about 98% adults have dental caries by age 20 years. (healthnews.com)
Harmful1
  • A new study out of Rutgers University has found that cannabidiol, commonly referred to as CBD, can help patients manage acute dental pain, forgoing the need for harmful opioids. (dentalproductsreport.com)
Composite2
  • The composite sample containing both nano-TiO 2 and nano-SiO 2 had the greatest efficacy for reduction of S. mutans and S. sanguinis colony counts at all three time points. (thejcdp.com)
  • Using orthodontic composite containing nonoparticles with antibacterial activity may prevent dental caries. (thejcdp.com)
Tissues1
  • Yet the field of dental medicine has very few such drugs due to their high costs, and the ones that are used are delivered invasively, often through surgical procedures, to gum tissues. (upenn.edu)
Surface3
  • A biofilm usually begins to form when a free-swimming bacterium attaches to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
  • During the study, researchers found that S. mutans in dental plaque most frequently appeared in a mound against the tooth's surface, but not on its own. (dentalproductsreport.com)
  • The research team attempted to recreate the natural plaque formations on a tooth-like surface in the lab setting using S. mutans, S. oralis, and a sugar solution to learn more about how structure impacted the function of the biofilm. (dentalproductsreport.com)
Periodontal disease1
  • It was shown that 40-50% of plaque remains after tooth brushing, and the effects of biofilm retention are clearly evident in the prevalence of caries, gingivitis and periodontal disease. (encyclopedia.pub)
Found2
  • They can be found very early in Earth's fossil records (about 3.25 billion years ago) as both Archaea and Bacteria, and commonly protect prokaryotic cells by providing them with homeostasis, encouraging the development of complex interactions between the cells in the biofilm. (wikipedia.org)
  • Periodontal pathogens have been found in carotid and coronary atherosclerotic plaques. (medscape.com)
Promotes2
  • Its presence in the biofilm promotes higher levels of S. mutans when looking at early childhood caries. (wikipedia.org)
  • The platform is low-cost compared to the current means of producing biopharmaceuticals and presents a unique opportunity to develop an affordable therapeutic approach that simultaneously attacks disease-causing plaque and promotes gum health, the researchers said. (upenn.edu)
Processes2
  • Cells may also communicate via quorum sensing, which may in turn affect biofilm processes such as detachment. (cdc.gov)
  • A greater understanding of biofilm processes should lead to novel, effective control strategies for biofilm control and a resulting improvement in patient management. (cdc.gov)
Metabolites1
  • This is achieved through low concentrations of cross-kingdom metabolites, such as farnesol, derived from the biofilm. (wikipedia.org)
Streptococci2
  • Therefore, for clinical purposes they are often considered together as a group, called the mutans streptococci. (wikipedia.org)
  • and streptococci, including S. mutans. (wikipedia.org)
Oral6
  • As scientists we have many opportunities to develop breakthrough treatments but cost is a huge obstacle," said Hyun (Michel) Koo , co-corresponding author on the study and professor in the Department of Orthodontics and divisions of Pediatric Dentistry and Community Oral Health in Penn Dental Medicine. (upenn.edu)
  • Bringing our research together led to this new concept of a topical protein drug made in plants that can both kill bacteria and break down the oral biofilm. (upenn.edu)
  • Therefore, poor oral and dental hygiene behavior, wrong brushing habits and ways, increasing age, and intake of foods and drinks rich in sugar can trigger cavities. (healthnews.com)
  • The main cause of cavities is poor dental and oral hygiene behavior, which can be altered by daily oral care. (healthnews.com)
  • Furthermore, the application of sealants can be performed on children to improve dental and oral hygiene. (healthnews.com)
  • These normal commensals reside within biofilms present in the oral cavity. (drtbalu.co)
Presence1
Enzyme1
  • The peptides were even more effective when combined with an enzyme that degrades the matrix, which surrounds and protects bacteria residing inside biofilms. (upenn.edu)
Commonly1