• Skeletal muscle growth and regeneration involves the activity of resident adult stem cells, namely satellite cells (SC). (sdbonline.org)
  • Collectively, this study provides the first evidence that transient levels of the evolutionarily conserved factor RACK1 are critical for adult SC activation and proper skeletal muscle regeneration, favoring the efficient progression of SC from a committed to a fully differentiated state. (sdbonline.org)
  • Cellular and molecular regulation of muscle regeneration. (scielo.br)
  • Satellite cells are essential for skeletal muscle regeneration:the cell on the edge returns centre stage. (scielo.br)
  • In 2009 beginning of 2010 we have focused on investigating what factors human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) may produce that enhance regeneration and if those factors have any effects by themselves on regeneration. (ca.gov)
  • Our current running hypothesis is that the positive growth factors produced by hESCs trigger injured muscle to initiate and maintain regeneration, the TGF-beta inhibitors produced by hESCs reduce the TGF-beta signaling, and the combination assures the robust regeneration of muscle. (ca.gov)
  • Preliminary data indicates the effects on regeneration of old muscle look very promising. (ca.gov)
  • Specifically, our data suggest that several other ligands of MAPK pathway secreted by hESCs are likely to enhance and rejuvenate the regeneration of old muscle tissue. (ca.gov)
  • We have submitted the several manuscripts on topics of enhanced tissue regeneration and we are preparing the manuscript that identifies hESC-based novel strategies for restoring high regenerative capacity to old muscle. (ca.gov)
  • Finally, our data suggest that muscle stem cells either do not accumulate DNA damage with age or can efficiently repair such damage, when activated for tissue regeneration. (ca.gov)
  • Using genetic tools to conditionally abrogate C/EBPβ expression in Pax7 + cells, we examined the role of C/EBPβ in self-renewal of satellite cells during muscle regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • After a single muscle injury, C/EBPβ-deficient satellite cells fail to self-renew resulting in a reduction of satellite cells available for future rounds of regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • After a second round of injury, muscle regeneration is impaired in C/EBPβ conditional knockout mice compared to wild-type control mice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These findings demonstrate that C/EBPβ is a novel regulator of satellite cell self-renewal during muscle regeneration acting at least in part through Notch2. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Further, C/EBPβ-deficient SCs are unable to self-renew after muscle injury leading to a reduction in the SC pool such that it cannot efficiently support muscle regeneration after a second round of injury. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS, a form of mechanical stimulation) can promote skeletal muscle functional repair, but a lack of mechanistic understanding of its relationship and tissue regeneration limits progress in this field. (ijbs.com)
  • We investigated the hypothesis that specific energy levels of LIPUS mediates skeletal muscle regeneration by modulating the inflammatory microenvironment. (ijbs.com)
  • LIPUS at intensity of 60mW/cm 2 could significantly promoted skeletal muscle regeneration through shifting macrophage phenotype from M1 to M2. (ijbs.com)
  • Our team is working on the molecular and cellular actors involved in human muscle regeneration , in muscle ageing and in muscular dystrophies including oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD) and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). (institut-myologie.org)
  • More precisely we are working on RNA metabolism , muscle regeneration , muscle stem cells , and fibrosis , with the final aim of developing innovative therapeutic approaches. (institut-myologie.org)
  • The Structure and Role of Intramuscular Connective Tissue in Muscle Regeneration. (danathain.com)
  • There are shared interests with Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering (MTE) in the investigation of skeletal muscle regeneration. (nih.gov)
  • Grant applications that focus on the use of scaffolds and muscle stem cells for skeletal muscle regeneration may be assigned to MTE. (nih.gov)
  • Applications that focus on in situ repair and regeneration of diseased skeletal muscle using skeletal muscle satellite or stem cells may be assigned to SMEP. (nih.gov)
  • To date, numerous stem cells and biomaterials have been explored for a variety of tissue and organ regeneration. (routledge.com)
  • There is a longstanding belief that a given nucleus controls a defined volume of cytoplasm, so when a muscle grows (hypertrophy) or shrinks (atrophy), the number of myonuclei change accordingly. (frontiersin.org)
  • Recently, two independent models, one from rodents and the other from insects, have demonstrated that nuclei are not lost from skeletal muscle fibers when they undergo either atrophy or programmed cell death. (frontiersin.org)
  • Sedentary life style and reduced amounts and/or responsiveness to trophic human hormones and factors donate to muscles atrophy (Thomas 2010). (ampkpathway.com)
  • A rigorous evaluation of the participation of Tn isoforms in muscles fiber atrophy is necessary. (ampkpathway.com)
  • This assumption long seemed valid, with many researchers reporting the presence of disintegrating nuclei in muscle tissue during atrophy induced by inactivity, injury or paralysis. (robert-gorter.info)
  • Muscles get damaged during extreme exercise, and often have to weather changes in food availability and other environmental factors that lead to atrophy. (robert-gorter.info)
  • Obestatin signalling counteracts glucocorticoid-induced skeletal muscle atrophy via NEDD4/KLF15 axis. (institut-myologie.org)
  • Adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a subject of intense experimental and biomedical interest. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a regenerative therapy holds the promise of regrowing injured vasculature, helping DM patients live healthier and longer lives. (thno.org)
  • While numerous teams continue to refine and expand the role of bone marrow and cord blood stem cells for their vanguard uses in blood and immune disorders, many others are looking to expand the uses of the various types of stem cells found in bone marrow and cord blood, in particular mesenchymal stem cells, to uses beyond those that could be corrected by replacing cells in their own lineage. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There are many studies involving autologous therapies and some allogenic therapies, based on the recovery of mobilized bone marrow cells, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and adipose derived stem cells that also include the stromal or adherent cell type that has an MSC phenotype. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This serum-free and grain-derived-nutrient-free medium promoted the proliferation of bovine myoblasts, the main cell source for cultured beef. (nature.com)
  • We hypothesized that by selecting optimal animal cells and using their CM to culture animal myoblasts, the cells could proliferate without the need for animal sera. (nature.com)
  • We also demonstrate that the transcriptional regulator PRDM16 (PRD1-BF1-RIZ1 homologous domain containing 16) controls a bidirectional cell fate switch between skeletal myoblasts and brown fat cells. (bioseek.eu)
  • Conversely, ectopic expression of PRDM16 in myoblasts induces their differentiation into brown fat cells. (bioseek.eu)
  • We find that C/EBPβ can regulate Notch2 expression and that restoration of Notch activity in myoblasts lacking C/EBPβ prevents precocious differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • When overexpressed in the murine myoblast cell line C2C12 or in primary myoblasts, C/EBPβ reduced MyoD and other myogenic protein levels during differentiation, in addition to reducing myoblast fusion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Human primary cultured skeletal myoblasts can directly reflect a patient's metabolic phenotype, because many of the signaling pathways are maintained intact. (zen-bio.com)
  • ZenBio offers human primary skeletal myoblasts from a variety of donors, including obese donors with Type 2 diabetes. (zen-bio.com)
  • Human skeletal myoblasts satellite cells are isolated from consented patients with good representation from all levels of adiposity and age. (zen-bio.com)
  • Skeletal myoblasts are available from both male and female donors. (zen-bio.com)
  • Specially formulated media are available for maintenance and differentiation of our adult skeletal myoblasts. (zen-bio.com)
  • miR-133 is expressed in muscle tissue and appears to repress the expression of non-muscle genes. (wikipedia.org)
  • BMP2 controls bone cell determination by inducing miRNAs that target muscle genes but mainly by down-regulating multiple miRNAs that constitute an osteogenic program, thereby releasing from inhibition pathway components required for cell lineage commitment establish a mechanism for BMP morphogens to selectively induce a tissue-specific phenotype and suppress alternative lineages. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Children's Cancer and Leukemia Group, and UK and NHS funding to the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, assisted with human tissue collection. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The levels of catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) were measured in PC12 cells and Drosophila brain tissue. (sdbonline.org)
  • GSOs also mitigated the deleterious effects of GLU on the mitochondrial membrane potential and Cyt C release, thus alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction, and increased GSH levels and CAT activity in both cells and Drosophila brain tissue. (sdbonline.org)
  • However, since there are many different non-muscle cell populations that reside within the tissue, these experiments cannot easily distinguish true myonuclei from those of neighboring mononuclear cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Skeletal muscle is the largest tissue in the body. (frontiersin.org)
  • In this paper, we discuss the current available information about the role that different phenotypes of macrophages plays after injury and during the remodelling phase in different tissue types, with particular attention to the skeletal muscle. (hindawi.com)
  • Skeletal muscle is a target tissue for anabolic steroids. (frontiersin.org)
  • Our work is at the stage of understanding the molecular mechanisms by which the aging of the regenerative potential of organ stem cells can be reversed by particular human embryonic factors that are capable of neutralizing the affects of aged niches on tissue regenerative capacity. (ca.gov)
  • Thus, the use of hESC-produced pro-regenerative factors for boosting the regenerative capacity of organ stem cells is likely to yield healthy, young tissue. (ca.gov)
  • Although functional organ stem cells persist in the old, tissue damage invariably overwhelms tissue repair, ultimately causing the demise of an organism. (ca.gov)
  • Both miRNAs and siRNAs need to be delivered into the target tissue or cell in order to activate the desired therapeutic effect," Muthiah Manoharan, Ph.D., senior vp, drug discovery, Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, explained. (genengnews.com)
  • A beta cell ATGL-lipolysis/adipose tissue axis controls energy homeostasis and body weight via insulin secretion in mice. (omicsdi.org)
  • The results support the concept that fuel excess can drive obesity and diabetes via hyperinsulinaemia, and that an islet beta cell ATGL-lipolysis/adipose tissue axis controls energy homeostasis and body weight via insulin secretion. (omicsdi.org)
  • This research often requires the tissue-specific expression of transgenes to better mirror human diseases, to visualize pathways being studied or to modulate the expression of a disease-related gene. (nature.com)
  • Limitations in the usage of AAV in murine models include cell types that are refractory to transduction and difficulties achieving tissue-specificity. (nature.com)
  • It's actually a special type of tissue in your body, where cells are fused together extra close - so close, that they behave a like a giant single cell. (robert-gorter.info)
  • Until quite recently, brown adipose tissue (BAT) was thought to be of metabolic importance only in smaller mammals and infant humans. (bioseek.eu)
  • Tissue-engineering and cell-based therapies, two prominent branches of Regenerative Medicine, are considered as the most suitable techniques to repair the tissue damage. (sciepub.com)
  • The balance between differentiation and self-renewal is critical to maintain muscle tissue homeostasis, and alterations in this equilibrium can lead to chronic muscle degeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • White adipose tissue (WAT) has key metabolic and endocrine functions and plays a role in regulating energy homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. (springer.com)
  • The 'adipose tissue expandability model' identifies the limited capacity and dysfunctionality of WAT, preventing its expansion and accommodation of surplus of energy, as key determinants for the onset and progression of obesity-associated metabolopathologies as a result of ectopic deposition of toxic lipid species in metabolic organs (i.e. muscle or liver [also known as lipotoxic insult]) [ 7 ]. (springer.com)
  • PRC2 regulates chromatin structure and gene expression during organismal and tissue development and tissue homeostasis in the adult. (bvsalud.org)
  • The response of target cells is further regulated by their microenvironment, involving the extracellular matrix, which may be modified by MSC-produced matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitor of MMPs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • MSCs can be defined by their ability to adhere to tissue culture plastic, their expression of several cell surface molecular epitopes-cluster of differentiation CD73, CD90, and CD105, and others-as well as their lack of several surface markers, including CD45 [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • MSCs can be isolated from a range of tissues, but the most commonly cited sources are bone marrow (BM), adipose tissue, muscle, bone, and perinatal tissues (e.g. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In recent years, he has been studying cell-cell interaction by single-cell analysis to clarify the factors that disrupt tissue homeostasis. (tmd.ac.jp)
  • These early trials are showing roles for stem cells both in replacing damaged tissue as well as in providing extracellular factors that can promote endogenous cellular salvage and replenishment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The use of patient's own bone marrow aspirates, hematopoietic stem cells and MSCs, for heart muscle tissue repair can be puzzling because these cells do not normally contribute to the cardiac lineage types that are desired. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cell Metabolism 2013;17(2):210-24. (scielo.br)
  • Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) plays pivotal roles in cellular processes such as apoptosis, metabolism, and cell cycle regulation. (omicsdi.org)
  • BAT may thus play a much more important role in human metabolism than was previously appreciated. (bioseek.eu)
  • Medium pH modulates matrix, mineral, and energy metabolism in cultured chick bones and osteoblast-like cells. (sciepub.com)
  • CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins (C/EBPs) are a family of transcription factors that regulate cellular growth and differentiation, metabolism, and inflammation [ 18 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • regulation of skeletal muscle energy and substrate metabolism including mitochondrial function. (nih.gov)
  • Cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating skeletal muscle development. (scielo.br)
  • However, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this muscle syndrome and its relationship with plasma level of androgens are not completely understood. (frontiersin.org)
  • Her research focuses on defining the factors and mechanisms that regulate the migration, expansion, and regenerative potential of adult blood-forming and muscle-forming stem cells. (harvard.edu)
  • Additionally, our data in progress suggest that muscle and brain age by similar molecular mechanisms and thus, therapeutic strategies for rejuvenating muscle repair might be applicable to the restoration of neurogenesis in aged brain. (ca.gov)
  • These cell lines are shared in collaboration with many international teams, either to study physiological or pathophysiological mechanisms, or to test innovative therapeutic approaches. (institut-myologie.org)
  • Better understanding of the cellular and molecular pathophysiological mechanisms regulating adipocyte size, number and depot-dependent expansion has become a focus of interest over recent decades. (springer.com)
  • The neurons of the chain, paravertebral, and prevertebral ganglia then project to organs in the head and neck, thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities to regulate the sympathetic aspect of homeostatic mechanisms. (lumenlearning.com)
  • Another group of autonomic ganglia are the terminal ganglia that receive input from cranial nerves or sacral spinal nerves and are responsible for regulating the parasympathetic aspect of homeostatic mechanisms. (lumenlearning.com)
  • Grant applications that focus on rehabilitation interventions to improve muscle function, increase muscle mass, or identify muscles responsible to functional decline may be assigned to MRS. Applications that focus on molecular and cellular mechanisms of muscle function and related animal models may be assigned to SMEP. (nih.gov)
  • These and other data argue against the current interpretation of the myonuclear domain hypothesis and suggest that once a nucleus has been acquired by a muscle fiber it persists. (frontiersin.org)
  • This strongly suggests that once a nucleus has been acquired by a muscle fiber, it belongs to the muscle syncytium - probably for life. (robert-gorter.info)
  • As a consequence of lower MEF2C binding on their enhancer region, the transcription of miR-1 and miR-133a is reduced, leading to decreased levels of their mature forms in muscle, after insulin treatment. (wikipedia.org)
  • Altered activation of PI3K and SREBP-1c may explain the defective regulation of miR-1 and miR-133a expression in response to insulin in muscle of type 2 diabetic patients. (wikipedia.org)
  • To directly assess the role of beta cell lipolysis in insulin secretion and whole-body energy homeostasis, inducible beta cell-specific adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL)-deficient (B-Atgl-KO) mice were studied under normal diet (ND) and high-fat diet (HFD) conditions. (omicsdi.org)
  • ATGL in beta cells regulates insulin secretion via the production of signalling MAGs. (omicsdi.org)
  • Skeletal muscle is an important site of insulin-stimulated glucose disposal and often the site of insulin resistance in obesity. (zen-bio.com)
  • Significant loss of muscle mass may occur in cachexia and sarcopenia, which are major causes of mortality and disability. (mdpi.com)
  • As well, many older individuals suffer from sarcopenia, a protracted muscle wasting disorder that typically begins after the age of 50 and involves a loss of about 1% of muscle mass per year ( Woo, 2017 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Inducible depletion of satellite cells in adult, sedentary mice impairs muscle regenerative capacity without affecting sarcopenia. (scielo.br)
  • Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, is becoming more prevalent as the lifespan continues to increase in most populations. (frontiersin.org)
  • Testosterone concentrations decline as age increase, suggesting that low plasma testosterone levels can cause or accelerate muscle- and age-related diseases, as sarcopenia. (frontiersin.org)
  • Currently, there is increasing interest on the anabolic properties of testosterone for therapeutic use in muscle diseases including sarcopenia. (frontiersin.org)
  • This age-related decline in skeletal muscle mass and strength generation, the primary function of skeletal muscle mass, is known as sarcopenia ( 2 , 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Indeed, most of the intrinsic as well as extrinsic (systemic) muscle changes that occur with age are believed to be involved in the development of sarcopenia ( 5 , 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The term sarcopenia was first proposed in 1989 by Irwin Rosenberg to describe a multifactorial syndrome that occurs with age and results in loss of skeletal muscle mass and function ( 3 , 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Oddly enough nuclear TnT3 and its own fragments were extremely regulated by maturing thus making a feasible link between your deleterious ramifications of TnT3 and sarcopenia. (ampkpathway.com)
  • skeletal muscle biology of sarcopenia and cachexia. (nih.gov)
  • There are shared interests with Aging Systems and Geriatrics (ASG) in the investigation of sarcopenia and skeletal muscle function. (nih.gov)
  • MicroRNA-133 controls brown adipose determination in skeletal muscle satellite cells by targeting Prdm16. (scielo.br)
  • The epidemic of obesity, closely associated with increases in diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cancer and other disorders, has propelled a major interest in adipose cells and tissues. (bioseek.eu)
  • Adipose tissues contain two distinct types of fat cells, white and brown. (bioseek.eu)
  • The manipulation of fat stores is an obvious therapeutic dream, but disruption of the normal differentiation or development of white adipose tissues (WAT) causes ectopic lipid storage and severe pathology (lipodystrophy) in both humans and experimental animals. (bioseek.eu)
  • In vivo , the identification of macrophage phenotype is complicated since macrophages are obviously exposed to a microenvironment that is more complex respect to cell culture conditions, and they display characteristics that do not conform to the in vitro defined phenotypic categories. (hindawi.com)
  • Associate Professor Margaret Currie is interested in how the tumour microenvironment affects tumour growth, tumour cell metastasis and tumour response to therapy. (otago.ac.nz)
  • The local tumour microenvironment is the milieu within which the tumour develops, and includes tumour blood vessels, other cells types (e.g. immune cells, fibroblasts, adipocytes), soluble growth factors and signalling molecules. (otago.ac.nz)
  • All the various components of the tumour microenvironment can influence tumour growth and spread and, conversely, tumour cells can influence the local tumour microenvironment. (otago.ac.nz)
  • The Mackenzie Cancer Research Group has been investigating the contribution of stromal cells and the tumour microenvironment to human tumour biology since the inception of our research group in 1998. (otago.ac.nz)
  • His laboratory has followed two primary interests: 1) the transcription factor networks that regulate fate determination in various cells that make blood, and 2) the cell surface proteins expressed by hematopoietic stem cells that and allow them to communicate with their microenvironment. (ubc.ca)
  • We hypothesize that the ESC ovarian tumor model, with human vascular cells, will provide an ideal microenvironment to support human stem cell growth. (nih.gov)
  • If successful, this will create a murine tumor model that nearly completely reproduces the human tumor microenvironment with human tumor stroma, vessels and tumor stem cells. (nih.gov)
  • in the nuclear fraction of mouse skeletal muscles as possibly an fragmented or intact protein. (ampkpathway.com)
  • Methods Cell lifestyle and transfection The mouse skeletal muscles cell series C2C12 was cultured as defined previously (Zhang et al. (ampkpathway.com)
  • Upon increasing culture times in chicken´s primary skeletal muscle satellite cells, SULF1 and SULF2 expression in 1-week-old chickens was significantly higher than in 2-week-old chickens, suggesting that sulfatases play a key role in satellite cell development. (scielo.br)
  • There is a general agreement that hypertrophy is accompanied by the addition of new nuclei from stem cells to help the muscles meet the enhanced synthetic demands of a larger cell. (frontiersin.org)
  • Skeletal muscle is fairly unique in that the mature cells are syncytial and can contain hundreds of nuclei. (frontiersin.org)
  • Right here for the very first time we present that fast skeletal muscles TnT3 and its own fragments translocate in to the skeletal myofiber nuclei in vivo. (ampkpathway.com)
  • Until recently, scientists thought this meant that nuclei - the cell control centers that build and maintain muscle fibers - are also lost to sloth. (robert-gorter.info)
  • But according to a review published in Frontiers in Physiology, modern lab techniques now allow us to see that nuclei gained during training persist even when muscle cells shrink due to disuse or start to break down. (robert-gorter.info)
  • Muscle growth is accompanied by the addition of new nuclei from stem cells to help meet the enhanced synthetic demands of larger muscle cells," explains Schwartz. (robert-gorter.info)
  • But modern cell-type-specific dyes and genetic markers have shown that the dying nuclei other researchers had detected were in fact inflammatory and other cells recruited to atrophic muscle. (robert-gorter.info)
  • Two independent studies - one in rodents and the other in insects - have demonstrated that nuclei are not lost from atrophying muscle fibers, and even remain after muscle death has been initiated. (robert-gorter.info)
  • Well, what happens is that activated Satellite cells introduce more nuclei to the muscle cells thus adding to the growth of the muscle cells. (positivehealthwellness.com)
  • Also, the small round nuclei of satellite cells can be seen surrounding-as if they were orbiting-the neuron cell bodies. (lumenlearning.com)
  • To determine their possible roles in tissues and satellite cells in vitro, their expression pattern was examined in tissues from 40-day-old chickens and in satellite cells from the breast muscles of 1-week-old and 2-week-old chickens using RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry analyses. (scielo.br)
  • Cultured meat is produced by culturing/proliferating animal muscle cells in vitro. (nature.com)
  • Since only small numbers of cells are obtainable from the patient, it requires expansion of cells in vitro . (sciepub.com)
  • Nevertheless, these primary cells grow slowly in vitro and lose their general characteristics during prolonged culturing period. (sciepub.com)
  • Then, we comprehensively assessed the functional and histological parameters of skeletal muscle injury in mice and the phenotype shifting in macrophages through molecular biological methods and immunofluorescence analysis both in vivo and in vitro . (ijbs.com)
  • We have chosen to work on human precursors, either in vitro or in vivo, in xenograft models that we have developed in successive European networks. (institut-myologie.org)
  • We are culturing human fat cells (adipocytes) and tumour cells together, to find out how adipocytes alter tumour cell phenotype and response to therapy. (otago.ac.nz)
  • Macrophage activation has been described as a dynamic process: the same cell may initially induce proinflammatory and cytotoxic reactions and later may take part in the resolution of inflammation and wound healing [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The IAL aims to synergise the expertise in muscle and neuromuscular diseases of French teams and the expertise in immunology and inflammation of the Brazilian teams . (institut-myologie.org)
  • The prolonged inflammation experienced by skeletal muscle undergoes repair in response to both spiking neural networks. (danathain.com)
  • miR-133 suppresses Prdm16 expression in skeletal muscle stem cells (satellite cells), which controls myogenic vs. brown adipogenic lineage determination in these cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here we show by in vivo fate mapping that brown, but not white, fat cells arise from precursors that express Myf5, a gene previously thought to be expressed only in the myogenic lineage. (bioseek.eu)
  • The proliferation and differentiation of satellite cells are regulated by a number of extracellular signals ( Wang & Rudnicki, 2012 Wang YX, Rudnicki MA. (scielo.br)
  • Khadra M, Lyngstadaas SP, Haanaes HR, Mustafa K. "Effect of laser therapy on attachment, proliferation and differentiation of human osteoblast-like cells cultured on titanium implant material. (sciepub.com)
  • The Wnt signaling pathway is involved in the control of cell proliferation and differentiation during skeletal muscle development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • MicroRNA-1/206(miRNA-1/206) is specifically expressed in skeletal muscle and play a critical role in myogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • After acute injury in muscle of both mouse and the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster (used as alternative in vivo model) this study found that RACK1 accumulated in regenerating fibers while it declined with the progression of repair process. (sdbonline.org)
  • Studies targeted at establishing such effects at cellular level and their correlations with in vivo models, will broaden our understanding of the roles played by androgens on skeletal muscle function in elderly. (frontiersin.org)
  • Here we generate a robust system for in vivo transgene delivery by combining the versatility of AAV-mediated transgene delivery with the specificity of cell-type-specific Cre-mediated recombination. (nature.com)
  • One challenge with characterizing tumor stem cells has been finding appropriate conditions for in vivo growth. (nih.gov)
  • We therefore propose (3) to isolate ovarian tumor stem cells and grow them in vivo using the ESC ovarian cancer model. (nih.gov)
  • The comprehensive functional tests and histological analysis in vivo indirectly and directly proved the effectiveness of LIPUS for muscle recovery. (ijbs.com)
  • Depletion of macrophages in vivo eliminated the therapeutic effects of LIPUS, indicating that improvement in muscle function was the result of M2-shifted macrophage polarization. (ijbs.com)
  • Importantly, HDAC inhibitors block invasion and selectively eradicate LAM cells in vivo in zebrafish xenografts. (bvsalud.org)
  • The challenge for existing stem cell-based techniques is that current therapies lack controlled environments that are crucial for regulating stem cell engraftment and differentiation in vivo , because stem cells are rather sensitive to even minute changes in their environment. (routledge.com)
  • Furthermore, GSOs protected cells against GLU-induced apoptosis by reducing the expression of the mitochondrial apoptosis-associated Bcl-2 family effector proteins and protected cells from GLU-induced oxidative damage by increasing the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and HO-1 expression. (sdbonline.org)
  • In the next reporting period we will re-confirm that the levels of candidate proteins from the 500 antibody array actually are very highly produced by hESCs and that the signals from these proteins are perceived by regenerating muscle cells. (ca.gov)
  • In 2010 beginning of 2011, we have approached the identification and characterization of the proteins that are produced by hESCs and have the rejuvenating and pro-regenerative activity on adult muscle. (ca.gov)
  • There he worked with Dr. Max D. Cooper (Howard Hughes Medical Institute, National Academy of Sciences) and his research focused on cell surface proteins expressed by preB cells that regulate B cell maturation and homing. (ubc.ca)
  • In addition, he identified a number of novel hematopoietic stem cell surface proteins and began analyzing their function. (ubc.ca)
  • In this regard, his lab has identified a novel family of hematopoietic cell surface proteins, called the CD34 family, and shown that these are essential for a number of developmentally important processes. (ubc.ca)
  • Structure of TnT3-DsRed fusion proteins resulted in the additional observation that TnT3 fragments are carefully linked to nucleolus and RNA polymerase activity recommending a job for TnT3 in regulating NSC-41589 transcription. (ampkpathway.com)
  • The cell membrane is really a viscous fluid-like matter which includes several lipids, cholesterol, and inserted proteins. (globaltechbiz.com)
  • Anti-Collagen Type IV has been prepared by immunoaffinity chromatography using immobilized antigens followed by extensive cross-adsorption against other collagens, human serum proteins and non-collagen extracellular matrix proteins to remove any unwanted specificities. (rockland.com)
  • Non-specific cross-reaction of anti-collagen antibodies with other human serum proteins or non-collagen extracellular matrix proteins is negligible. (rockland.com)
  • Biochemical and molecular biological research on skeletal muscle-specific proteins. (nih.gov)
  • PRDM16 controls a brown fat/skeletal muscle switch. (bioseek.eu)
  • Loss of PRDM16 from brown fat precursors causes a loss of brown fat characteristics and promotes muscle differentiation. (bioseek.eu)
  • Finally, Prdm16-deficient brown fat displays an abnormal morphology, reduced thermogenic gene expression and elevated expression of muscle-specific genes. (bioseek.eu)
  • He performed some of the first studies to identify transcription factors that regulate the gene expression and differentiation of eosinophils, which are known to play a major role in allergic and asthmatic responses. (ubc.ca)
  • High throughput single cell sequencing offers essential insights into the samples with high level of heterogeneity and provide you with crucial information on gene expression and function across tens of thousands of cells present in your sample. (rna-seqblog.com)
  • Postnatal growth and repair of skeletal muscle relies upon a population of quiescent muscle precursor cells, called satellite cells that can be activated to proliferate and differentiate into new myofibers, as well as self-renew to replenish the satellite cell population. (biomedcentral.com)
  • WAT is characterised by its capacity to adapt and expand in response to surplus energy through processes of adipocyte hypertrophy and/or recruitment and proliferation of precursor cells in combination with vascular and extracellular matrix remodelling. (springer.com)
  • Yamaguchi DT, Huang JT, Ma D. "Regulation of gap junction intracellular communication by pH in MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells. (sciepub.com)
  • Recent mechanistic insights into the trophic activities of these cells point to ultimate regulation by nitric oxide, nuclear factor-kB, and indoleamine, among other signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Rich Lee seeks to understand heart failure and metabolic diseases that accompany human aging, and translate that understanding into therapies. (harvard.edu)
  • From a research, medical, and business standpoint, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies are fascinating. (biomedcentral.com)
  • cell and gene therapies for skeletal muscle diseases. (nih.gov)
  • There has been a rapid surge in clinical trials involving stem cell therapies over the last two to three years and those trials are establishing the clinical pathways for an emergent new medicine. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, since 2009 Associate Professor Currie's interests have expanded to include the contribution to tumour progression made by tumour infiltrating immune cell populations, breast cancer stem cell-like populations, and obesity-related factors. (otago.ac.nz)
  • It's been suggested that miRNAs regulate up to 50% of all mRNAs in the human genome. (genengnews.com)
  • Moreover, miRNAs play a modulatory role in the development and growth of skeletal muscles [ 22 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Three miRNAs, miRNA-1, −133 and −206, are specifically expressed in muscle and are considered to be myomiRs [ 23 , 24 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • miR-133 enhances myoblast proliferation by repressing serum response factor (SRF) mIR-133 suppresses SP1 expression In rats, miR-133b is expressed in retinal dopaminergicamacrine cell, and this expression is significantly increased during early stage during retinal degeneration. (wikipedia.org)
  • The supernatant, containing the RL34 cell-secreted growth factors, was used as the conditioned medium (CM). This CM, with CVE added as a nutrient source, was applied to primary bovine myoblast cultures. (nature.com)
  • The transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta (C/EBPβ) is expressed in Pax7 + satellite cells of healthy muscle and is downregulated during myoblast differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Immortalized Canine Dystrophic Myoblast Cell Lines for Development of Peptide-Conjugated Splice-Switching Oligonucleotides. (institut-myologie.org)
  • Human skeletal myoblast are differentiated using Skeletal Muscle Differentiation Medium (cat# SKM-D) for at least 6 days. (zen-bio.com)
  • Repeatedly putting stress on the muscles has to be the foundation of natural muscle growth, because it works to upset homeostasis in your body. (positivehealthwellness.com)
  • MTF2 is highly conserved, and as an accessory subunit of PRC2, it has important roles in embryonic stem cell self-renewal and differentiation, development, and cancer progression. (bvsalud.org)
  • He has delineated the function of these molecules in diverse set of biological processes including: 1) gut and kidney formation, 2) vascular permeability, 3) mucosal inflammatory disease, 4) stem cell homing and migration, and 5) epithelial tumor progression. (ubc.ca)
  • Introduction Cell mechanics has proved to be a widely used label-free biomarker to discern phenotypes, detect pathologies and more importantly, monitor existence or progression of a disease [1C3]. (globaltechbiz.com)
  • Secondly, they can improve our understanding of the adjustments that occur during disease progression which, in turn, might uncover reasons for corresponding alterations occurring in cell mechanics [10, 11]. (globaltechbiz.com)
  • Immune cells that infiltrate lesions are important for atherosclerosis progression and immunotherapies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Indeed, several human diseases are characterized by attenuated repair responses and imbalances in the inflammatory response with increased number of infiltrating macrophages [ 3 - 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • They have proinflammatory functions: they produce effector molecules (reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 β , TNF α , and IL-6) and participate as inducer and effector cells in polarized Th1 responses. (hindawi.com)
  • Immune stem cells and inflammatory molecules are released as a response to the muscle damage in order to trigger satellite cell activation. (positivehealthwellness.com)
  • What was surprising is that administering these inhibitors to the whole animal appears to reduce TGF-beta levels in the whole animal, suggesting some kind of feed-back and perhaps effects on other tissues as well as muscle. (ca.gov)
  • The poor performance of stem cells in an aged organ, such as skeletal muscle, is caused by the changes in regulatory pathways such as Notch, MAPK and TGF‐β, where old differentiated tissues and blood circulation inhibit the regenerative performance of organ stem cells. (ca.gov)
  • We hypothesized that AAV transgene expression could be targeted to specific tissues or cell types by selectively overexpressing AAVR. (nature.com)
  • Promotion of increased BAT development in humans, however, offers the possibility of increasing energy expenditure without necessarily causing dysfunction in other tissues. (bioseek.eu)
  • The expression level of the SFRP1 was highly varied across numerous pig tissues and it was down-regulated during porcine skeletal muscle development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • After each workout, your body starts to repair the muscle fiber that got damaged during the training session using a cellular process that involves fusing together muscle fibers in order to form new myofibrils or muscle protein strands. (positivehealthwellness.com)
  • We have a strong expertise on human cellular models (this includes the immortalization facility that we have initiated) - and xenotransplantation (this includes several immunodeficient mouse models and grafting procedures). (institut-myologie.org)
  • Cytoskeleton, U-93631 which is a network of interconnected filaments of different types, connects the cell membrane with underlying sub-cellular components. (globaltechbiz.com)
  • The nucleus is the largest organelle among sub-cellular components, demonstrating solid-elastic behavior [4], and it is typically stiffer than the cell itself [5]. (globaltechbiz.com)
  • The Skeletal Muscle Biology and Exercise Physiology [SMEP] study section reviews applications concerned with molecular, cellular, physiological and integrative studies of normal and altered skeletal muscle function and processes that range from molecular genetics, to structure-function relationships, to integrative and functional studies on human mobility and exercise, and health. (nih.gov)
  • Cell damage was assessed using MTT assays, and the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release rate and flow cytometry were used to detect the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential respectively. (sdbonline.org)
  • The sympathetic nervous system regulates this function through β-adrenergic stimulation of brown mature adipocytes' dissipation of energy in the form of heat mediated by mitochondrial uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) activation. (springer.com)
  • These MSC influences can range from relatively rare activities that require cell contact, such as mitochondrial transfer and cell fusion, to relatively common paracrine MSC actions through extracellular microvesicles or secreted factors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Given the tremendous promise of regenerative medicine to enhance human health and treat disease, Congress included a provision in the 21st Century Cures Act to support a Regenerative Medicine Innovation Project ($30 million distributed over FY17 through FY20) for the funding of clinical research to further the field of regenerative medicine (RM) using adult stem cells, including autologous, non-autologous use as well as eligible induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). (nih.gov)
  • Among the many different therapeutic approaches, including exercise, hormone, nutritional therapy, and/or a combination thereof, no one approach has emerged as superior in animal or human studies, and the great variability in the clinical outcomes of patients treated with these approaches has prevented identification of the most effective therapy ( 7 , 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Therapeutic and preventive interventions as they relate to skeletal muscle function are included, as are studies of the biochemistry and molecular biology of skeletal muscle and injuries, and diseases of muscle. (nih.gov)
  • The public clinical trials database http://clinicaltrials.gov shows 123 clinical trials using MSCs for a very wide range of therapeutic applications (Figure 1 ), the majority of which are in Phase I (safety studies), Phase II (proof of concept for efficacy in human patients), or a mixture of PhaseI/II studies (Figure 2 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Clinical studies of androgen supplementation in age-related diseases and muscle wasting are a focus of emerging interest ( 11 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Improved understanding of the role that each cell component plays U-93631 towards cell mechanics may be beneficial for diagnosis and therapy of diseases [2]. (globaltechbiz.com)
  • He continued his work in the stem cell and neuroscience fields at Columbia University, NYC, US, studying neurodegenerative diseases. (rna-seqblog.com)
  • More research teams are accelerating the use of other types of adult stem cells, in particular neural stem cells for diseases where beneficial outcome could result from either in-lineage cell replacement or extracellular factors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Bober E, Franz T, Arnold HH, Gruss P, Tremblay P. Pax-3 is required for the development of limb muscles:a possible role for the migration of dermomyotomal muscle progenitor cells. (scielo.br)
  • Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 2012;13(2):127-33. (scielo.br)
  • The development of transgenic mouse models that express genes of interest in specific cell types has transformed our understanding of basic biology and disease. (nature.com)
  • Heart, bone and even placenta are built on these networks of cells," says Lawrence Schwartz, Professor of Biology at the University of Massachusetts. (robert-gorter.info)
  • As such, the findings have important implications beyond understanding muscle biology. (robert-gorter.info)
  • The most prominent example is the changes in cell biology and morphology when it evolves from a healthy to a cancerous state [1, 3]. (globaltechbiz.com)
  • Hiroyuki Koike is an Associate Professor in the Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, specializing in stem cell biology and developmental biology. (tmd.ac.jp)
  • Such lack of clarity can be attributed to difficulty in isolating the individual events responsible for alterations in skeletal muscle, most of which occur simultaneously, among the multiple age-associated changes and co-morbidities associated with advanced age. (frontiersin.org)
  • These changes take place on the molecular level impacting properties of specific the different parts of cell inner structure, but resulting in alterations in mechanical properties of the complete cell ultimately. (globaltechbiz.com)
  • While acknowledging progress in the other areas mentioned, this work will focus on the current debates concerning sourcing, MSC alterations of angiogenesis, cell differentiation/stimulation, and strategies to improve MSC differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Through gene knockout studies he has shown that these molecules act as a type of molecular "Teflon" to make cells more mobile and invasive and also facilitate chemotaxis. (ubc.ca)
  • Molecular motors lie at the heart of biological processes from DNA replication to cell migration. (nih.gov)
  • Biomimetic hydrogel culture of LAM cells is found to recapitulate the molecular and phenotypic characteristics of human disease more faithfully than culture on plastic. (bvsalud.org)
  • First of all, it's important to acknowledge the fact that there are various types of muscles in the human body, like the heart's cardiac muscle, for example. (positivehealthwellness.com)
  • Via its transcriptional program with TEAD1, YAP1 directly regulates several major hallmarks of ERMS. (elsevierpure.com)
  • There his work focused on transcriptional control of hematopoietic stem cell maturation and cell fate. (ubc.ca)
  • Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are present on the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix in all metazoans. (scielo.br)
  • We represent the mean absolute difference between what is important to be a common property of immune systems with unclear mechanism of cell death. (danathain.com)
  • A significant proportion of clinical studies that are underway involve bone marrow and cord blood stem cells for blood and immune disorders [ 3 ] and cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This includes bone and cartilage repair, cell types into which MSCs readily differentiate, and immune conditions such as graft versus host disease and autoimmune conditions that utilize the MSC's immune suppressive properties. (biomedcentral.com)
  • RACK1 was expressed transiently in the skeletal muscle of post-natal mice, being abundant in the early phase of muscle growth and almost disappearing in adult mature fibers. (sdbonline.org)
  • In mice, sustained YAP1 hyperactivity in activated, but not quiescent, satellite cells induces ERMS with high penetrance and short latency. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Increased GDF11 levels in aged mice also improved muscle structural and functional features and increased strength and endurance exercise capacity. (harvard.edu)
  • Mice develop tumors resembling those seen in humans, including expression of high levels of miR-21. (genengnews.com)
  • At 8 weeks of age, these mice were injected with tamoxifen to induce deletion of beta cell-specific Atgl (also known as Pnpla2), and the mice were fed an ND or HFD. (omicsdi.org)
  • We reported that LIPUS therapy at intensity of 60mW/cm 2 exhibited the most significant differences in functional recovery of contusion-injured muscle in mice. (ijbs.com)
  • Alternatively activated M2 macrophages comprise cells exposed to low concentrations of M-CSF in the presence of IL-4, IL-13, or IL-10. (hindawi.com)
  • Firstly, loss of dGLYAT suppressed scrib depletion- or Egr overexpression-induced JNK pathway activation and invasive cell migration. (sdbonline.org)
  • Commensurate with the known truth that HuR improved the great quantity of adhesion substances VLA-4 on Th17 cells, knockout of HuR impaired splenic Th17 cell migration towards the central anxious program and abolished the condition. (globaltechbiz.com)
  • Supplementation of systemic GDF11 levels, which normally decline with age, by heterochronic parabiosis or systemic delivery of recombinant protein, reversed functional impairments and restored genomic integrity in aged muscle stem cells (satellite cells). (harvard.edu)
  • In the chronology of life, testosterone's effects produce milestones that easily identify the stages of life: the ultrasound's shadow of a penis during pregnancy, a wispy mustache during adolescence, a deep voice during adulthood, and with its decline late in life, the loss of muscle, and erectile dysfunction. (a1supplements.com)
  • Here we report that YAP1 activity is elevated in human embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS). (elsevierpure.com)
  • Under microscopic inspection, it can be seen to include the cell bodies of the neurons, as well as bundles of fibers that are the posterior nerve root (Figure 1). (lumenlearning.com)
  • Characterization of human bone marrow fibroblast colony-forming cells (CFU-F) and their progeny. (sciepub.com)
  • Attachment of human marrow stromal cells to titanium surfaces. (sciepub.com)
  • ROCK 1 and 2 affect the spatial architecture of 3D spheroids derived from human corneal stromal fibroblasts in different manners. (rockland.com)
  • For example, in the human genome there are three known miR-133 genes: miR-133a-1, miR-133a-2 and miR-133b found on chromosomes 18, 20 and 6 respectively. (wikipedia.org)
  • High throughput single cell sequencing can be used to gain deeper insights into the function of specific genes by adding additional layers of information, such as temporal resolution, to your data. (rna-seqblog.com)
  • Putting stress on the muscles will significantly affect the link between the muscle cells and the motor units. (positivehealthwellness.com)
  • The expression level of the SFRP1 was significantly higher in the embryonic skeletal compared with postnatal skeletal muscle, whereas miR-206 showed the inverse pattern of expression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Panobinostat therapy significantly repressed mRNA for DNMT1 and DNMT3a in the two cell lines while no modifications had been observed in DNMT3b levels. (thrombininhibitors.com)
  • Skeletal muscle as a secretory organ. (danathain.com)
  • He has done post-doctoral work at Stanford University and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and has been conducting organoid research using human iPS cells, including creating continuous multi-organ organoids of liver-bile duct-pancreas. (tmd.ac.jp)
  • These two sets of ganglia, sympathetic and parasympathetic, often project to the same organs-one input from the chain ganglia and one input from a terminal ganglion-to regulate the overall function of an organ. (lumenlearning.com)
  • physiologic interactions between skeletal muscle and other organ systems in normal and disease states when skeletal muscle function is the primary focus. (nih.gov)
  • miR-133 directly and negatively regulates NFATc4. (wikipedia.org)
  • RhoA expression is negatively regulated by miR-133a in bronchial smooth muscles (BSM)and miR-133a downregulation causes an upregulation of RhoA, resulting in an augmentation of contraction and BSM hyperresponsiveness. (wikipedia.org)
  • High levels are associated with muscle hypertrophy, whereas low levels are epidemiologically associated with metabolic syndrome and diabetes, which negatively impact muscle functions. (frontiersin.org)
  • Micro- and nanotechnology hold great potential to fabricate biomimetic spatiotemporally controlled scaffolds as well as control stem cell behavior and fate by micro- and nanoscale cues. (routledge.com)
  • Normalization of YAP1 expression reduces tumor burden in human ERMS xenografts and allows YAP1-driven ERMS to differentiate in situ. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Aberrant GLYAT expression is associated with human cancers, yet its role in cancer remains unknown. (sdbonline.org)
  • By directing AAV transduction through the regulated expression of its receptor, the approach provides precise control over which cells express the AAV-vectored transgene. (nature.com)
  • We hypothesize that ovarian cancer cells will induce human ovarian TVM expression. (nih.gov)
  • We serially evaluate several facets of the recovery process, including α V β 3 -integrin expression (a marker of angiogenesis), blood perfusion, and muscle function. (thno.org)
  • Cell invasion is a crucial step of tumor metastasis , finding new regulators of which offers potential drug targets for cancer therapy. (sdbonline.org)
  • Development of anti-vascular immunotherapeutics, with few exceptions, has been hindered by the absence of a tumor model with human tumor vessels. (nih.gov)
  • A new tumor model, combining human embryonic stem cells (ESC) and tumor cells, develops abundant human vessels. (nih.gov)
  • Finally, our preliminary data suggest that the ESC-ovarian tumor model has human tumor vascular cells. (nih.gov)
  • Tumor vascular cells are critical for the growth of tumor stem cells, which reside within the vascular niche. (nih.gov)