Muscle smooth. Medical search. Frequent questions (2)

Damage to the endothelium results in vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. (aspetjournals.org)
In this work, we investigated the effect of l -citrulline on vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. (aspetjournals.org)
These findings suggest that l -citrulline decreases vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation in the A10 cell line by acting on DNA synthesis by mechanisms that involve the ANP receptor. (aspetjournals.org)
Regulation of geminin by neuropeptide Y in vascular smooth muscle cell" by Shi-Yu Liang, You-Li Zhou et al. (edu.au)
In the current study, the mechanism of vibration-induced vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) injury was examined in a rat-tail vibration model. (cdc.gov)

Moreover, after a 16-week duration of diabetes, Pggt1b Δ / Δ mice exhibited lower α -smooth muscle actin ( α -SMA) and nitrotyrosine level, Rac1 activity, p47phox and NOXO1 expression, and phospho-ERK1/2 and phosphor-JNK content than wild-type mice. (hindawi.com)
For immunohistochemistry, this antibody only detects actin in smooth muscle and not cardiac muscle. (abcam.com)
In the ovary with its cyclically developing and regressing functional bodies and the associated intense neovascularisation and remodelling, alpha-smooth muscle actin (SMA) immunolocalisation has been frequently used as a marker to establish vessel hierarchy, in angiogenesis studies, or in studies c haracterising ovarian neoplasms in various species. (iospress.com)
The non-stretched portion was fixed and immunohistologically stained with orcein (elastin) and immunostained for smooth muscle actin [SMA]. (bmj.com)
In 1973, Gabbiani et al suggested that smooth-muscle antibodies were probably towards actin when they demonstrated elimination of all smooth-muscle antibody activity in the sera of 5 patients with chronic active hepatitis using a preparation of platelet-derived actin called thrombosthenin A. (medscape.com)
actin is a ubiquitous contractile protein that can be found in non-muscle cells. (medscape.com)
[ 11 ] Further studies showed that tubular smooth-muscle antibody (SMA-T) and glomerular smooth-muscle antibody (SMA-G) immunofluorescence staining patterns, which predominantly react with filamentous actin (F-actin), were the main antigenic moiety of smooth-muscle antibodies. (medscape.com)

it can contract regularly without input from a motor neuron (as opposed to multiunit smooth muscle, which is neurogenic - that is, its contraction must be initiated by an autonomic nervous system neuron). (wikipedia.org)
Smooth muscle differs from skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle in terms of structure, function, regulation of contraction, and excitation-contraction coupling. (wikipedia.org)
Also, smooth muscle may contain MHC that is not involved in contraction, and that can arise from multiple genes. (wikipedia.org)
Contraction of airway smooth muscle is mediated by M3 muscarinic receptors on the airway smooth muscle. (nih.gov)
The primary function of smooth muscle is contraction. (onteenstoday.com)
Background: Asthma is characterized by airway remodeling, altered mucus production and airway smooth muscle cell (ASMC) contraction causing extensive airway narrowing. (uni-muenchen.de)
Absence of thick myosin filaments and presence of what appear to be myosin molecules is in accord with conclusions based on X-ray diffraction (3, 12) and birefringence data (4) from living smooth muscles at rest and in contraction. (rupress.org)
Our present observations are in accord with the model for smooth muscle contraction which we have previously proposed (1). (rupress.org)
Most of the drugs that stimulate or inhibit smooth muscle contraction do so by regulating the concentration of intracellular calcium , which is involved in initiating the process of contraction. (britannica.com)
Because this mechanism is relatively insensitive to drug action, the most important group of drugs that affect the neuromuscular junction act on (1) acetylcholine release, (2) acetylcholine receptors, or (3) the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (which normally inactivates acetylcholine to terminate muscle fibre contraction). (britannica.com)
Skeletal muscles vary in their speeds of contraction. (msdmanuals.com)

Within single-unit muscle, the whole bundle or sheet of smooth muscle cells contracts as a syncytium. (wikipedia.org)
In the skin, smooth muscle cells such as those of the arrector pili cause hair to stand erect in response to cold temperature or fear. (wikipedia.org)
An action potential can be propagated through neighbouring muscle cells due to the presence of many gap junctions between the cells. (wikipedia.org)
Smooth muscle in the gastrointestinal tract is activated by a composite of three types of cells - smooth muscle cells (SMCs), interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs), and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRα) that are electrically coupled and work together as an SIP functional syncytium. (wikipedia.org)
Smooth Muscle Microscope Slide is a macerated preparation to show individual cells. (flinnsci.com)
The proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) induced by oxidative injury is one of the main features in diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis. (hindawi.com)
Atherosclerosis occurs earlier and with greater severity in the population with diabetes [ 1 - 3 ] and is characterized pathologically by endothelial cell injury, proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and thickening of intima [ 4 , 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
Inflammation causes proliferation of intestinal smooth muscle cells (ISMC), contributing to the thickened intestinal wall and the dysmotility symptoms observed in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). (queensu.ca)
We and others have identified functional MR in human vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), suggesting that vascular MR might directly regulate blood pressure. (onteenstoday.com)
Single-unit smooth muscle consists of multiple cells connected through connexins that can become stimulated in a synchronous pattern from only one synaptic input. (onteenstoday.com)
In arteries, the tunica media, which contains smooth muscle cells and elastic tissue, is thicker than that of veins so it can modulate vessel caliber and thus control and maintain blood pressure. (onteenstoday.com)
Therefore, it was suggested that the ovarian steroid hormone relaxes smooth muscle predominantly by inhibiting the entry of Ca2+ into smooth muscle cells. (onteenstoday.com)
By monitoring migratory properties of airway smooth muscle cells in the presence of albuterol isomers, the different effect of albuterol on proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells is probed. (scirp.org)
However, the different effects of R- and S-albuterol on smooth muscle cells proliferation and migration have never been tested. (scirp.org)
More important, people found that, during the pathogenesis of asthma, smooth muscle cells could differentiate into the migration phenotype. (scirp.org)
As a kind of well mature pharmaceutical for asthma treatment, it would be very important to distinguish the effect of two different isomers of albuterol on proliferation and migration activities of airway smooth muscle cells. (scirp.org)
third, whole tissue culture was also performed to further demonstrate the different effect of R- and S-albuterol on migration of airway smooth muscle cells. (scirp.org)
Primary culture of rat airway smooth muscle cells was performed by enzyme digestion. (scirp.org)
Methods: Murine tracheal smooth muscle cells (MTSMC) from T- bet KO mice and human bronchial smooth muscle cells (HBSMC) incubated with IL-13 and IL-4 served as asthma models. (uni-muenchen.de)
A number of COX inhibitors in cultured human airway cells were compared which exclusively express either COX 1 (primary degree cultured human airway smooth muscle (HASM) cells) or COX 2 (A549 pulmonary epithelial cell-line) as measured by Western blotting. (ersjournals.com)
Remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM), decreases in smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and infiltration of inflammatory cells are thought to weaken the arterial wall and increase the risk of AAD ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
iv) The effect of hypoxia on the proliferation of cultured human airway smooth muscle cells. (gla.ac.uk)
The proliferative response of cultured human airway smooth muscle cells was examined under different environmental oxygen tensions. (gla.ac.uk)
The mechanism of how the calcification signal from endothelial cells is transmitted to vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) remains unknown. (spandidos-publications.com)
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) intensifies the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) directly by binding with Y1 receptors. (edu.au)
This study was designed to investigate the effects of substances released from non-injured and injured bovine arterial endothelial cells on 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake and degradation by smooth muscle cells in culture. (lu.se)
It was demonstrated that endothelial cell-released non-dialysable (molecular weight cut off 12-14000) substances significantly stimulated 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake and degradation by smooth muscle cells. (lu.se)
The increase in 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake and degradation by smooth muscle cells could be dissociated from cell proliferation. (lu.se)
However, in endothelial cell-smooth muscle cell co-culture 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake and degradation by smooth muscle cells were not stimulated. (lu.se)
article{e328883f-12c1-4d3a-a8e7-8700ca87f7ac, abstract = {{This study was designed to investigate the effects of substances released from non-injured and injured bovine arterial endothelial cells on 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake and degradation by smooth muscle cells in culture. (lu.se)
The medium is formulated (quantitatively and qualitatively) to provide a defined and optimally balanced nutritional environment that selectively promotes proliferation and growth of normal human smooth muscle cells in vitro . (3hbiomedical.com)
Human diabetes is associated with hyperreactivity of vascular smooth muscle cells due to altered subcellular Ca2+ distribution. (diabetesjournals.org)
In contrast, subplasmalemmal Ca2+ response, which favors smooth muscle relaxation caused by activation of Ca2+-activated K+ channels, was reduced by 38% in diabetic patients as compared with control subjects, indicating a significant change in the subcellular Ca2+ distribution in vascular smooth muscle cells in diabetic patients. (diabetesjournals.org)
In contrast to the altered Ca2+ signaling found in freshly isolated cells from diabetic patients, in cultured smooth muscle cells isolated from control subjects and diabetic patients, no difference in the intracellular Ca2+ signaling to stimulation with either K+ or NE was found. (diabetesjournals.org)
Incubation of freshly isolated smooth muscle cells from control subjects with the *O2- -generating system xanthine oxidase/hypoxanthine mimicked the effect of diabetic patients on subcellular Ca2+ distribution in a superoxide dismutase-sensitive manner. (diabetesjournals.org)
Tissue factor (TF) is the initiator of the coagulation cascade, constitutively expressed in subendothelial cells such as vascular smooth muscle cells and initiating rapid coagulation when the vascular vessel is damaged. (go.jp)
In the present study, we investigated the effect of arsenite on the expression of TF in human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) and the underlying molecular mechanisms. (go.jp)
The latter cells had some features of vascular smooth muscle cells and were apparently derived from medial cells which traversed the internal elastic lamina. (duke.edu)
After 14 days, identifiable smooth muscle cells emerged as the predominant cell type in a rapidly growing intimal plaque. (duke.edu)
determine the levels of IP 3 required for calcium release in A7r5 cells (a rat smooth muscle cell from the thoracic aorta). (cellml.org)
Sarcoglycan subcomplex (SG) may support the development and maintenance of muscle cells. (unict.it)
Immunostained sections were assessed for airway smooth muscle (ASM) area, subepithelial basement membrane thickness, nerve fibers, and epithelial neuroendocrine cells. (lu.se)

The majority of uterine smooth muscle tumors occur in the corpus, but the cervix, vaginal canal, broad ligament, and ovaries may also be involved. (medscape.com)
Quantitative MR texture analysis for the differentiation of uterine smooth muscle tumors with high signal intensity on T2-weighted imaging. (bvsalud.org)

In the relaxed state, each cell is 30-200 micrometers in length, some thousands of times shorter than a skeletal muscle cell. (wikipedia.org)
When they degenerate, leiomyomata may assume a red discoloration, called carneous degeneration (the nodule looks like skeletal muscle). (medscape.com)
Cardiac muscle is also an involuntary muscle but is more akin in structure to skeletal muscle, and is found only in the heart. (onteenstoday.com)
Skeletal muscle contracts in response to electrical impulses that are conducted along motor nerve fibres originating in the brain or the spinal cord . (britannica.com)
Skeletal muscle is what most people think of as muscle, the type that can be contracted to move the various parts of the body. (msdmanuals.com)
Like skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle has a regular pattern of fibers that also appear as stripes under a microscope. (msdmanuals.com)

The relaxant mechanisms of nicorandil were examined by comparing its effects with those of sodium nitroprusside and cromakalim in bovine tracheal smooth muscle. (karger.com)
These results suggest that nicorandil relaxes bovine tracheal smooth muscle through 2 mechanisms: opening of K ATP channels and activation of the nitric oxide (NO)-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway. (karger.com)
Nicorandil may also activate Maxi K + channels, possibly through the NO-cGMP pathway, and the interaction of K ATP channels and Maxi K + channels may affect the relaxant effect of nicorandil in bovine tracheal smooth muscle. (karger.com)

It is divided into two subgroups, single-unit and multiunit smooth muscle. (wikipedia.org)
Smooth muscle is grouped into two types: single-unit smooth muscle, also known as visceral smooth muscle, and multiunit smooth muscle. (wikipedia.org)
Multiunit smooth muscle is found in the trachea, the iris of the eye, and lining the large elastic arteries. (wikipedia.org)
This leads to a somewhat coordinated response even in multiunit smooth muscle. (wikipedia.org)
These results suggest that 1) TEA functionally converts multiunit smooth muscle into a single unit one and leads to the development of a MR and 2) the MR results from a depolarization-activated mobilization of Ca and is inhibited by ionic conditions known to increase membrane permeability. (nih.gov)

They are sometimes called anti-smooth muscle antibodies (ASMAs). (medlineplus.gov)

It is not found in the heart which has cardiac muscle. (wikipedia.org)
How is cardiac muscle similar to smooth muscle? (onteenstoday.com)
Cardiac muscle forms the heart and is not part of the musculoskeletal system. (msdmanuals.com)
However, cardiac muscle contracts and relaxes rhythmically without a person's awareness. (msdmanuals.com)

There were 49 cases of smooth muscle tumors: 27 leiomyomas and 22 leiomyosarcomas. (bvsalud.org)
Cases of smooth muscle tumors of the oral cavity were also compiled from 1970 to 2010. (bvsalud.org)
The purpose of this study was to distinguish leiomyosarcomas / smooth muscle tumors of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP) from leiomyomas with high signal intensity (SI) on T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) using quantitative MR texture analysis combined with patient characteristics and visual assessment. (bvsalud.org)

The prime function of the arterial smooth muscle cell (SMC) in adult individuals is to contract and relax, thereby regulating blood flow to target tissues. (onteenstoday.com)

However, smooth muscle tissue tends to demonstrate greater elasticity and function within a larger length-tension curve than striated muscle. (wikipedia.org)
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a small intestine [Automatically generated definition]. (mcw.edu)
In other diseases of smooth muscle hyperplasia, epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation and histone acetylation, affect smooth muscle phenotype and contribute to impaired tissue function. (queensu.ca)
After removal of blood vessels, connective tissues and cartilage, pure airway smooth muscle tissue was rinsed with PBS twice and cut into small pieces. (scirp.org)
Roberts, SJ, Hamilton, S & Summers, RJ 1998, ' Regulation of b3 -adrenoceptors (AR) by thyroid hormone in tissue cultures of rat ileal smooth muscle ', ASCEPT 1998, Hobart Tas, Australia, 1/12/98 - 1/12/98 pp. 129 - 129. (monash.edu)
Structures with the characteristics of molecular myosin were identified by electron microscopy in tissue sections of vertebrate smooth muscle. (rupress.org)
If present in the patient's serum, antibodies attach to smooth-muscle antigens on the rodent tissue specimens. (medscape.com)

The triggers for contracting and relaxing smooth muscles are controlled by the body's needs, so smooth muscles are considered involuntary muscle because they operate without a person's conscious control. (msdmanuals.com)

In single-unit smooth muscle a single cell in a bundle is innervated by an autonomic nerve fiber (myogenic). (wikipedia.org)
A smooth muscle cell is a spindle-shaped myocyte with a wide middle and tapering ends, and a single nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
After rinse with PBS, smooth muscle cell culture media (Cell Application Inc) was mixed and then seeded into 12 well culture plates coating with fibronectin (R & D, Minneapolis). (scirp.org)
In addition, we investigated the effects of ADAMTS-5 in smooth muscle cell (SMC) apoptosis. (frontiersin.org)
l -Citrulline (10 −8 M) significantly decreased rat aortic (A10 cell line) vascular smooth muscle proliferation. (aspetjournals.org)
However, in endothelial cell-smooth muscle cell co-culture 125I-low. (lu.se)
No. SC0010), 5 ml of smooth muscle cell growth supplement (SMCGS, Cat. (3hbiomedical.com)
Therefore, smooth muscle and endothelial cell function were assessed in 20 patients with diabetes and compared with 41 age-matched control subjects. (diabetesjournals.org)
We conclude that in diabetic subjects, smooth muscle reactivity is increased because of changes in subcellular Ca2+ distribution on cell activation. (diabetesjournals.org)
Scholars@Duke publication: Smooth muscle cell proliferation in the occluded rat carotid artery: lack of requirement for luminal platelets. (duke.edu)
The relationship of intimal smooth muscle cell proliferation in the permanently occluded rat carotid artery to the presence or absence of luminal platelets was examined. (duke.edu)

Smooth muscle relaxation occurs either as a result of removal of the contractile stimulus or by the direct action of a substance that stimulates inhibition of the contractile mechanism. (onteenstoday.com)
Although the concentrations of l-T4 used in this study are high, relative to circulating physiological levels, thyroid hormones act directly at the blood vessel wall to cause inhibition of the contractile process in vascular smooth muscle in vitro. (aspetjournals.org)

This test looks for smooth muscle antibodies (SMAs) in a sample of your blood. (medlineplus.gov)
Smooth-muscle antibodies were first discovered in 1965 by Johnson et al when they demonstrated that antibodies in the sera of patients with chronic liver disease were able to bind to the smooth muscle of rat stomachs. (medscape.com)
The earliest experiments for detection of smooth-muscle antibodies involved indirect immunofluorescence (IIF). (medscape.com)

What happens when the smooth muscle relaxes? (onteenstoday.com)
What hormone relaxes smooth muscle? (onteenstoday.com)

Thyroid hormones were found to inhibit Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase, and the Ki value for l-T4 was 2.5 microM. (aspetjournals.org)

Smooth muscle fibers are located in walls of hollow visceral organs, except the heart, appear spindle-shaped, and are also under involuntary control. (onteenstoday.com)

IHC-P: Human uterus, human smooth muscle and mouse smooth muscle tissues. (abcam.com)

Dora, KA & Garland, CJ 2001, ' Properties of smooth muscle hyperpolarization and relaxation to potassium in the rat isolated mesenteric artery ', Journal of Vascular Research , vol. 38, no. (bath.ac.uk)
In rings from uterine arteries, smooth muscle sensitivity to K+, norepinephrine (NE), and phenylephrine (PE) was enhanced by 1.4-, 2.3-, and 9.7-fold, respectively, and endothelium-dependent relaxation was reduced by 64% in diabetic patients, as compared with control subjects. (diabetesjournals.org)

Negative titers for anti-smooth-muscle antibody (ASMA) are expected in healthy individuals. (medscape.com)

Does smooth muscle controls blood flow through arteries and veins and controls blood pressure? (onteenstoday.com)
How does the smooth muscle in the wall of muscular arteries help to maintain blood pressure? (onteenstoday.com)
What is the function of smooth muscle in arteries? (onteenstoday.com)
The study revealed specialised vascular modifications such as multi-directionally arranged vascular smooth muscle layers, vascular sphincters and distinct epitheloid modifications of the media in ovarian arteries. (iospress.com)
Smooth muscle surrounds many arteries and contracts to adjust blood flow. (msdmanuals.com)

studies have shown that the R- and S-enantiomers of racemic albuterol, a β 2 -adrenergic receptor agonist used in asthma treatment, have differential effects on the contractile properties of airway smooth muscle. (scirp.org)
In chronically hypoxic rats, however, the airway smooth muscle appears to be more sensitive to nitric oxide than control rats, which may explain why contractile responses are significantly smaller in the chronically hypoxic rats. (gla.ac.uk)
The contractile mechanism of skeletal muscles entails the binding of acetylcholine to nicotinic receptors on the membranes of muscle fibres. (britannica.com)
Skeletal muscles are bundles of contractile fibers that are organized in a regular pattern, so that under a microscope they appear as stripes (hence, they are also called striped or striated muscles). (msdmanuals.com)

Because of its myogenic nature, single-unit smooth muscle is usually active, even when it is not receiving any neural stimulation. (wikipedia.org)

In the walls of blood vessels, and lymph vessels, (excluding blood and lymph capillaries) it is known as vascular smooth muscle. (wikipedia.org)
Thus the main function of vascular smooth muscle tone is to regulate the caliber of the blood vessels in the body. (onteenstoday.com)
Blood flow through the body is regulated by the size of blood vessels, by the action of smooth muscle, by one-way valves, and by the fluid pressure of the blood itself. (onteenstoday.com)
Which blood vessels have smooth muscle and can be controlled by the nervous system? (onteenstoday.com)
Smooth muscle is present in the blood vessels. (onteenstoday.com)
They get their name because they attack certain proteins that are found in smooth muscle (the muscle that lines the inside of hollow organs, such as your intestines, stomach, and blood vessels). (medlineplus.gov)
However, little is known about changes in smooth muscle contractility and the intracellular mechanisms contributing to altered responsiveness of blood vessels of diabetic patients. (diabetesjournals.org)

Increased airway smooth muscle (ASM) mass due to hyperplasia/hypertrophy contributes significantly to overall airway remodeling and correlates with decline in lung function. (harvard.edu)

Smooth muscle and elastin content were then assessed using Photoshop image analysis. (bmj.com)
Results The proportion of both smooth muscle and elastin content of cervical biopsies showed a wide variation (5-47% and 9-47%, SMA and elastin, respectively). (bmj.com)
Conclusion The biomechanical properties of human cervical biopsies are influenced by the smooth muscle and elastin content of the specimen. (bmj.com)

Myosin is primarily class II in smooth muscle. (wikipedia.org)
In smooth muscle, there is a single gene (MYH11) that codes for the heavy chains myosin II, but there are splice variants of this gene that result in four distinct isoforms. (wikipedia.org)

Simulated vaginal delivery causes transients vaginal smooth muscle hypersensitivity and urethral sphincter dysfunction. (physiciansweekly.com)

Due to this property, single-unit bundles form a syncytium that contracts in a coordinated fashion making the whole muscle contract or relax. (wikipedia.org)

The thyroid hormones have direct effects on vascular smooth muscle and are potent vasorelaxants. (aspetjournals.org)

The motor nerve fibres reach the muscle fibres at sites called motor end plates, which are located roughly in the middle of each muscle fibre and store vesicles of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (this meeting of nerve and muscle fibres is known as the neuromuscular junction ). (britannica.com)

Vascular smooth muscle is primarily innervated by the sympathetic nervous system. (onteenstoday.com)
Smooth muscle , which is found primarily in the internal body organs and undergoes involuntary, often rhythmic contractions that are not dependent on outside nerve impulses, generally shows a broad sensitivity to drugs relative to striated muscle. (britannica.com)

Smooth muscle is found in the walls of hollow organs, including the stomach, intestines, bladder and uterus. (wikipedia.org)

Anatomy71

Organisms18

Diseases20

Chemicals and Drugs70

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment24

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes55

Disciplines and Occupations3

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena3

Information Science3

Health Care2

Vascular smooth musc5

Actin7

Contraction11

Cells42

Uterine smooth muscle tumors2

Skeletal muscle6

Tracheal3

Multiunit smooth muscle5

Anti-smooth muscle antibodies1

Cardiac muscle4

Tumors3

Arterial1

Tissue7

Involuntary muscle1

Cell11

Inhibition2

Antibodies3

Relaxes2

Inhibit1

Visceral1

Tissues1

Relaxation2

Antibody1

Arteries5

Contractile4

Stimulation1

Blood vessels7

Hyperplasia1

Elastin3

Myosin2

Vaginal1

Bundles1

Potent1

Vesicles1

Primarily2

Uterus1