Muscle sarcomeres gastrocnemius muscle skeletal muscle contractions. Medical search. Frequent questions

Muscle architecture is the physical arrangement of muscle fibers at the macroscopic level that determines a muscle's mechanical function. (wikipedia.org)
Architecture type is determined by the direction in which the muscle fibers are oriented relative to the force-generating axis. (wikipedia.org)
The parallel muscle architecture is found in muscles where the fibers are parallel to the force-generating axis. (wikipedia.org)
Strap muscles are shaped like a strap or belt and have fibers that run longitudinally to the contraction direction. (wikipedia.org)
The fibers in convergent, or triangular muscles converge at one end (typically at a tendon) and spread over a broad area at the other end in a fan-shape. (wikipedia.org)
Convergent muscles, such as the pectoralis major in humans, have a weaker pull on the attachment site compared to other parallel fibers due to their broad nature. (wikipedia.org)
These muscles are considered versatile because of their ability to change the direction of pull depending on how the fibers are contracting. (wikipedia.org)
This is largely due to the different lengths and varying insertion points of the muscle fibers. (wikipedia.org)
Unlike in parallel muscles, fibers in pennate muscles are at an angle to the force-generating axis (pennation angle) and usually insert into a central tendon. (wikipedia.org)
Since pennate fibers insert at an angle, the anatomical cross-sectional area cannot be used as in parallel fibered muscles. (wikipedia.org)
Unipennate muscles are those where the muscle fibers are oriented at one fiber angle to the force-generating axis and are all on the same side of a tendon. (wikipedia.org)
Muscles that have fibers on two sides of a tendon are considered bipennate. (wikipedia.org)
These muscles, such as the deltoid muscle in the shoulder of humans, have fibers that are oriented at multiple angles along the force-generating axis. (wikipedia.org)
Retaining a constant volume enables the fibers to stabilize the muscle's structure that would otherwise require skeletal support. (wikipedia.org)
Muscle fibers change the shape of the muscle by contracting along three general lines of action relative to the long axis: parallel, perpendicular and helical. (wikipedia.org)
The FDB is made up of small predominantly type IIa and IIx fibers that collectively produce less peak isometric force than the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) or soleus muscles, but demonstrates a greater fatigue resistance than the EDL. (biomedcentral.com)
What regulatory proteins can be found in the thin filaments of skeletal muscle fibers? (easynotecards.com)
Which of the following types of muscle tissue contract when excited by their own autorhythmic muscle fibers? (easynotecards.com)
Which of following is a common characteristic of fast glycolytic (FG) skeletal muscle fibers? (easynotecards.com)
Predict who would likely have a greater proportion of fast glycolytic fibers in their gastrocnemius (calf) muscle-an elite distance runner or an elite sprinter. (pearson.com)
The primary function of skeletal muscles is to contract and shorten their muscle fibers, resulting in movement. (paintxwiki.com)
Muscles consist of elongated muscle fibers (muscle cells) arranged in muscle fiber bundles called fascicles. (paintxwiki.com)
The length of muscle fibers determines the range of movement, with longer fibers providing greater mobility and shorter fibers generating more power. (paintxwiki.com)
Muscle architecture refers to the arrangement of muscle fibers and can be classified into several types: parallel, pennate, convergent/triangular, circular, spiral, and biventer. (paintxwiki.com)
Compared to skeletal muscle, smooth muscle fibers are much shorter. (mokshayogaamazonica.com)
Within this muscle and protective tissue there may be thousands of muscle fibers (also known as muscle cells) that are bundled together and wrapped in another connective tissue covering called the endomysium . (mokshayogaamazonica.com)
One is, how, and to what extent, does the nervous system control protein expression in skeletal muscle fibers? (ucla.edu)
Whole muscle, single motor units and single muscle fibers are studied physiologically and biochemically. (ucla.edu)
Cardinal morphologic features of myofibrillar myopathies on muscle biopsy are vacuolated muscle fibers and inclusions that were initially given different names in the 1970s. (medscape.com)
However, in the mid 1990s, other proteins were also found to accumulate in the abnormal muscle fibers, and molecular genetic studies revealed several chromosomal loci. (medscape.com)
Muscle fibers can broadly be divided into 3 muscles types: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. (medscape.com)
Likewise, the number of muscle fibers within each of these, as well as the shape of muscles (depending on their function), can also vary greatly. (medscape.com)
What remains constant, however, is that the muscle fibers are aligned in the same direction so that individual muscle fibers can work in concert. (medscape.com)
When the muscles fibers and the associated tendon are arranged along the same axis, the muscle is termed a parallel muscle. (medscape.com)
Bipennate muscles have muscles fibers inserting at an angle on both sides of a central tendon. (medscape.com)
Each muscle fascicle represents a group of muscle fibers bound together by a layer of connective tissue termed the perimysium. (medscape.com)
Only 60% of the axons in the nerve to a given muscle are motor to the muscle fibers that make up the bulk of the muscle. (medscape.com)
The nerve supply branches within the muscle belly, forming a plexus from which groups of axons emerge to supply the muscle fibers. (medscape.com)
The axons supply single motor endplates placed about halfway along the muscle fibers. (medscape.com)
A motor unit comprises a motor neuron in the spinal cord or brainstem together with the squad of muscle fibers it innervates. (medscape.com)
In large muscles (eg, the flexors of the hip or knee), each motor unit contains 1200 or more muscle fibers. (medscape.com)
In small muscles (eg, the intrinsic muscles of the hand), each unit contains 12 or fewer muscle fibers. (medscape.com)
Muscle fibers are long and cylindrical in shape. (medscape.com)
Explain why skeletal muscle fibers appear to have striations. (bccampus.ca)

These myofilaments are organised into repeating functional units called sarcomeres. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
The myofibrils contain units called sarcomeres, positioned end to end within them. (paintxwiki.com)

This is the outermost layer of connective tissue surrounding a skeletal muscle. (easynotecards.com)
Gross inspection of a skeletal muscle reveals collections of muscle fascicles surrounded by a layer connective tissue termed the epimysium. (medscape.com)

Each muscle fibre contains a large number of myofibrils, which are the contractile elements of the muscle and consist of protein myofilaments. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
The Z-disc is a protein-rich structure critically important for the development and integrity of myofibrils, which are the contractile organelles of cross-striated muscle cells. (omicsdi.org)
Within each muscle fiber are rod-like strands called myofibrils, which extend throughout the entire length of the muscle fiber. (paintxwiki.com)

Titin is a giant scaffold protein with multiple functions in striated muscle physiology. (frontiersin.org)
Due to the elastic I-band domains and the filament-like integration in the half-sarcomere titin is an important factor for sarcomere assembly and serves as an adaptable molecular spring that determines myofilament distensibility. (frontiersin.org)
Protein-interactions e.g., with muscle ankyrin repeat proteins or muscle LIM-protein link titin to hypertrophic signaling and via p62 and Muscle Ring Finger proteins to mechanisms that control protein quality control. (frontiersin.org)
The backbone of the sarcomere is composed of three filament systems: the myosin-based thick filament, the actin-based thin filament, supplemented with the regulatory protein tropomyosin and the troponin complex, and the titin filament. (frontiersin.org)
Titin is a giant protein that spans a half-sarcomere from the Z-disc to the M-line. (frontiersin.org)
Differential splicing of the titin gene results in numerous species- and muscle-specific titin isoforms. (frontiersin.org)
In the I-band part skeletal muscle titin is composed of a series of proximal Ig-domains, the N2A-domain (including the N2-A unique sequence), the PEVK domain [high abundance of proline (P), glutamic acid (E), valine (V), and lysine (K)] and the distal Ig-domains. (frontiersin.org)

First, we characterized the FDB phenotype and provide reference comparisons to skeletal muscles commonly used in the field. (biomedcentral.com)
Our research goals are to define the transcriptional networks and downstream mechanisms that link the molecular clock with proper skeletal muscle function and phenotype. (ufl.edu)

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic commonly used to name skeletal muscles? (easynotecards.com)
List, and provide an example for each of, at least seven criteria used to name skeletal muscles. (bccampus.ca)

Muscular hydrostats function independently of a hardened skeletal system. (wikipedia.org)
For organisms in which the neural component is already quite well understood, detailed investigation of muscles will allow a better characterisation of the roles that neural and muscular properties play in movement generation. (biologists.com)
Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy refers to a group of genetic disorders that cause progressive weakness and wasting of the skeletal muscles, predominantly around the shoulders and hips. (medscape.com)
Muscle biopsy and genetic testing are the most important tools used in the diagnostic evaluation of patients in whom limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) is suspected. (medscape.com)
The main functions of the muscular system, which contains more than 600 individual muscles, is to provide movement for the body, provide heat, and maintain body posture. (mokshayogaamazonica.com)
Therefore, the muscular system is closely integrated with the skeletal system and the nervous system. (mokshayogaamazonica.com)
Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) protein defects occur in several pathways involved in the biologic function of muscle and can be divided into groups based on cellular localization. (medscape.com)
This summary discusses the basic anatomy of skeletal muscle, key features of skeletal muscle histology and physiology, and important presentations of muscular disease. (medscape.com)
Most of the skeletal muscular system is arranged into groups of agonists and antagonist muscles that work in concert to provide efficient and controlled motion. (medscape.com)

A new linearly-combined bi-exponential model for kinetic analysis of the isometric relaxation process of Bufo gastrocnemius under electric stimulation in vitro[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B, 2007, 8(12): 867-874. (zju.edu.cn)
The force-velocity relationship was the traditional Hill curve hyperbola, but deviated from the hyperbolic shape in the region of maximum contraction force close to the isometric contraction. (biologists.com)
These muscles each offer unique advantages across a host of methodologies including measuring isometric force production, susceptibility to muscle injury, mitochondrial respiration, protein content, and histology. (biomedcentral.com)

Its central position in the sarcomere and the tight association to myosin are the basis for titin's role in maintaining the structural integrity of the sarcomere during the relaxation-contraction cycle. (frontiersin.org)
These are actin (thin filament, isotropic, I bands) and myosin (dark filament, anisotropic, A bands) and it is these bands that give muscle its striated appearance. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
In a resting muscle the actin filaments overlap the myosin to a certain extent. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
A crossbridge is then formed between actin and myosin, resulting in a contraction cycle powered by ATP. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
Thick muscle filaments are made of myosin protein molecules layered in a cylindrical shape. (mokshayogaamazonica.com)

Each skeletal muscle is enveloped by a protective tissue sheath called the epimysium . (mokshayogaamazonica.com)

These muscles have broad attachments compared to other muscle types and can shorten to about 40%-60% of their resting length. (wikipedia.org)
When a muscle contracts the sarcomeres shorten. (musculoskeletalkey.com)

Excessive force to a muscle fibre results in tearing of the sarcoplasm and the cells respond by forming a contraction band (condensation of cytoskeletal material) creating a protective barrier. (musculoskeletalkey.com)

An individual muscle fibre is a long cylindrical cell with multiple nuclei bound by its sarcolemma (Lutz and Lieber 1999). (musculoskeletalkey.com)
The cells of skeletal muscles contain multiple nuclei because of their length. (mokshayogaamazonica.com)

The line of action in this muscle type runs in a straight line between the attachment points which are often tendons. (wikipedia.org)
Some muscles insert on their respective tendons at an oblique angle. (medscape.com)
Describe how tension in ligaments, tendons, and skeletal muscles can limit the range of motion available when a skeletal muscle contracts. (bccampus.ca)

Well, hypertrophy is when your muscle cells get bigger, and hyperplasia is when the number of muscle cells increases. (legionathletics.com)
Scientists aren't sure whether hyperplasia even happens in humans, but "believers" contend that both hypertrophy and hyperplasia contribute to muscle growth. (legionathletics.com)
Occurs when muscle cells get bigger and hyperplasia occurs when the number of muscle cells gets bigger and countless studies show that hypertrophy occurs in humans normally as a result of resistance training, But hyperplasia is not so cut and dried. (legionathletics.com)
Whether it exists in humans or not, whether it happens now, the believers, the true believers, they contend that hypertrophy and hyperplasia both contribute to muscle growth. (legionathletics.com)

Force production and gearing vary depending on the different muscle parameters such as muscle length, fiber length, pennation angle, and the physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA). (wikipedia.org)
Typically, convergent muscles experience varying degrees of fiber strain. (wikipedia.org)
Because of this structure, fewer sarcomeres can be found in series, resulting in a shorter fiber length. (wikipedia.org)
Skeletal muscle provides distinct experimental challenges due to inherent differences across muscle groups, including fiber type and size that may limit experimental approaches. (biomedcentral.com)
Skeletal muscle contraction will continue to occur as long as the following chemicals are available in the cytosol of the muscle fiber. (easynotecards.com)
This is the least powerful type of skeletal muscle fiber. (easynotecards.com)
The results show also that the neural influence that is associated with muscle fiber types is probably not mediated via the amount or pattern of activity of the motor units. (ucla.edu)
This article mainly focuses on the end organ of this complex interaction, the muscle fiber (myofiber). (medscape.com)

Which of the labeled structures on the diagram holds muscles with similar functions together, allows free movement of muscles, carries nerves, blood vessels and lymphatic vessels, and fills spaces between muscles? (easynotecards.com)
Both types of muscles are controlled by the brain, which sends electric signals to the muscles through nerves telling them to either contract or relax. (mokshayogaamazonica.com)
In gross anatomy, the nerves to skeletal muscles are branches of mixed peripheral nerves. (medscape.com)

Muscles commonly used for functional and mechanistic experiments include the extensor digitorum longus (EDL), soleus, plantaris, gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior (TA), and/or the quadriceps. (biomedcentral.com)

Mechanistically driven research often utilizes DNA manipulation to alter protein expression in skeletal muscle. (biomedcentral.com)
We therefore established, by global phosphoproteomics of EPS-treated contracting myotubes, a comprehensive site-resolved protein phosphorylation map of the Z-disc and found that it is a phosphorylation hotspot in skeletal myocytes, underscoring its functions in signaling and disease-related processes. (omicsdi.org)
Thin muscle filaments are made of actin protein and have a twisting shape. (mokshayogaamazonica.com)

Within the grooves are two proteins, tropomyosin and troponin , that act as molecular switches to initiate muscle contraction. (mokshayogaamazonica.com)

Describe, using specific examples, 16 types of movements characteristic of skeletal muscle contractions. (bccampus.ca)

Most patients present with a history of progressive, symmetric, proximal muscle weakness that starts in childhood to young adulthood. (medscape.com)
They are usually adult-onset diseases with slowly progressive weakness involving proximal (and distal) muscles. (medscape.com)

I. Describe the levels of muscle organization: fascia, fascicles, muscle fibres. (bccampus.ca)

Unlike the other muscles, inherent properties of the FDB muscle make it amenable to multiple in vitro- and in vivo-based microscopy methods. (biomedcentral.com)

Which property of muscle gives it the ability to stretch without damage? (easynotecards.com)
Having an understanding of how muscles are positioned and how they stretch and compress during movement gives artists a valuable advantage by providing insight into what lies beneath the skin and how it influences what is visible on the surface. (paintxwiki.com)
Smooth muscle has the ability to stretch and maintain tension for long periods of time. (mokshayogaamazonica.com)

These analyses consist of enzyme activities of single muscle or neural cells, cell morphology, the kinds of proteins synthesized, the modulations of the mRNA's of specific myonuclei as well as the physiological properties of the nerve and muscle cells. (ucla.edu)

The sarcolemma invaginates around the muscle fibre forming T-tubules. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
For this to occur, the muscle fibre is stimulated by a nerve impulse creating an action potential across the sarcolemma. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
These include proteins associated with the sarcolemma (see image below), proteins associated with the contractile apparatus (see image below), and various enzymes involved in muscle function. (medscape.com)

Supportive care is essential to preserve muscle function, maximize functional ability, and prolong life expectancy. (medscape.com)
The ability to assess skeletal muscle function and delineate regulatory mechanisms is essential to uncovering therapeutic approaches that preserve functional independence in a disease state. (biomedcentral.com)
No specific treatment is available for any of the LGMD syndromes, though aggressive supportive care is essential to preserve muscle function, maximize functional ability, and prolong life expectancy. (medscape.com)
Motor points have been identified for all major muscle groups for the purpose of functional electrical stimulation by physical therapists, in order to increase muscle power. (medscape.com)

Which of the following regions of a sarcomere contain thin filaments? (easynotecards.com)
Cross bridges are formed during muscle contraction when _____ on the thick filaments binds to _____ on the thin filaments. (easynotecards.com)
Skeletal muscles are made up of thick and thin filaments. (mokshayogaamazonica.com)
Both thick and thin muscle filaments are required for muscle contraction. (mokshayogaamazonica.com)
The thin muscle filaments have grooves that enable them to move alongside the thick muscle filaments. (mokshayogaamazonica.com)

Strains most commonly occur in muscles working across two joints e.g. hamstrings, gastrocnemius (Jarvinen et al. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
Using a novel approach, we also demonstrate methods for assessing mitochondrial respiration in the FDB, which are comparable to the commonly used gastrocnemius muscle. (biomedcentral.com)

Muscles may measure as small as 2 mm (eg, stapedius muscles) or up to 2 feet (eg, large muscles of the thigh). (medscape.com)

Which of the following microscopic structures is only found in the cardiac muscle tissue? (easynotecards.com)
In addition to these categories, muscles are classified into three basic types: cardiac muscle (found in the heart), smooth muscles (affiliated with tubular structures in the body, such as arteries, colon, bronchial tubes, and the iris of the eye), and skeletal muscles. (paintxwiki.com)
Cardiac muscle forms the wall of the heart, which is called the myocardium . (mokshayogaamazonica.com)
Unlike smooth muscle, cardiac muscle has limited stretching ability but it can contract with the strength of a skeletal muscle. (mokshayogaamazonica.com)

Describe how the locations of the origin(s) and insertion(s) of a skeletal muscle affect the movement produced when that muscle contracts. (bccampus.ca)

The lab is also pursuing the role of physical activity/exercise as a time cue for skeletal muscle and other tissues. (ufl.edu)

The stapedius in the middle ear of humans, as well as the rectus femoris of the quadriceps are examples of bipennate muscles. (wikipedia.org)
A well-known example of a bipennate muscle is the rectus femoris. (medscape.com)

It has been found that strain becomes uniform over the face of a convergent muscle with the presence of a twisted tendon. (wikipedia.org)
Some muscles are spread out over a large area and converge on a relatively small tendon, appropriately termed convergent muscles (eg, pectoralis muscles of the chest). (medscape.com)

Muscle geometry of the middle leg was compared to that of the front and hind legs and to the flexor tibiae,respectively. (biologists.com)

Investigators currently employ a variety of established methods for answering such questions, but are often experimentally hampered by unique inherent heterogeneity between muscle groups and cells within the same muscle tissue. (biomedcentral.com)
Which of the following types of muscle tissue is capable of undergoing the stress-relaxation response when they are stretched? (easynotecards.com)
Muscles, along with the subcutaneous layer of adipose (fatty) tissue, define the overall shape of the human figure, giving it structure, substance, and character. (paintxwiki.com)
In our experiments we also study cell and tissue properties (nerve and muscle) that are important in generating the behavioral characteristics observed. (ucla.edu)

Draw and fully label a diagram showing two adjacent, relaxed sarcomeres. (bccampus.ca)
Draw and fully label a diagram showing one fully contracted sarcomere. (bccampus.ca)

Another example of this muscle is the longest muscle in the human body, the sartorius. (wikipedia.org)
Certain muscles, like the sartorius muscle of the upper leg, do not fit into any specific category and assist in various movements while remaining independent. (paintxwiki.com)

There are several different muscle architecture types including: parallel, pennate and hydrostats. (wikipedia.org)
Parallel and pennate (also known as pinnate) are two main types of muscle architecture. (wikipedia.org)
The force produced by pennate muscles is greater than the force produced by parallel muscles. (wikipedia.org)
Instead, the physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA) must be used for pennate muscles. (wikipedia.org)
Pennate muscles can be further divided into uni-, bi- or multipennate. (wikipedia.org)

To date, surprisingly few studies have taken advantage of the FDB to investigate mechanisms regulating skeletal muscle function. (biomedcentral.com)
The results highlight the experimental flexibility afforded the investigator by using the FDB muscle to assess mechanisms that regulate skeletal muscle function. (biomedcentral.com)
Defining the mechanisms that regulate the development of skeletal muscle dysfunction is critical for designing therapeutic interventions. (biomedcentral.com)

Pelvic muscle weakness is most often the first symptom. (medscape.com)
Mutations of FLNC result in cardiomyopathy and muscle weakness. (omicsdi.org)
Additionally we are working in mouse and human models to determine the potential for time of day lifestyle interventions as a therapeutic approach to enhance molecular clock function and attenuate conditions of muscle weakness and wasting seen with aging and chronic diseases. (ufl.edu)

We investigated the properties of the extensor tibiae muscle of the stick insect ( Carausius morosus ) middle leg. (biologists.com)
Resting extensor tibiae muscle passive tonic force increased from 2 to 5 mN in the maximum femur-tibia (FT)-joint working range when stretched by ramps. (biologists.com)
Active muscle properties were measured with simultaneous activation (up to 200 pulses s -1 ) of all three motoneurons innervating the extensor tibiae, because this reflects most closely physiological muscle activation during leg swing. (biologists.com)
In the cockroach, for example, one of the two leg extensor muscles acts as a motor and the other as a brake ( Ahn and Full, 2002 ). (biologists.com)

Unipennate muscles insert on only one side of the tendon. (medscape.com)

This is particularly important in complex motor systems that function via the concerted action of multiple muscle groups, e.g. for terrestrial locomotion. (biologists.com)
Skeletal muscle is susceptible to a number of genetic, environmental, and age-related pathologies that impair the tissue's normal mechanical and metabolic function. (biomedcentral.com)
Scientists, trainers, and athletes alike have wondered about the extent to which muscle structure and function contribute to success in athletes such as Radcliffe. (pearson.com)
Structure and Function of Filamin C in the Muscle Z-Disc. (omicsdi.org)
Using genetic mouse models, we found that mutations of two different molecular clock genes, Clock and Bmal1, dramatically disrupt skeletal muscle structure and function. (ufl.edu)

My lab has pioneered research on the role of circadian rhythms and the molecular clock mechanism in skeletal muscle homeostasis and health. (ufl.edu)

Release of calcium from these structures triggers skeletal muscle contraction. (easynotecards.com)

Skeletal muscles are designed to produce voluntary movement by applying forces to bones and joints via a muscle contraction. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
In this article, we will explore the basic traits of skeletal muscles, their positions in the body, their attachments to bones, and how they facilitate joint movement. (paintxwiki.com)
Skeletal muscles, as the name suggests, attach to bones. (paintxwiki.com)

Strain injuries occur when muscle fibres cannot withstand excessive tensile forces placed on them and are therefore generally associated with eccentric muscle action (Mair et al. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
Injuries to the muscle belly only occur with the application of very high forces. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
Signals to voluntary muscles occur when we consciously send the message, like a pilot taking over the controls to land the plane. (mokshayogaamazonica.com)

These muscles are often used for fast or extensive movements and can be measured by the anatomical cross-sectional area (ACSA). (wikipedia.org)
Additionally, we will delve into the ways in which muscles change shape during different movements. (paintxwiki.com)
Describe one specific example of a skeletal muscle that participates in multiple different movements, and then explain how it is possible for a skeletal muscle to participate in multiple different movements. (bccampus.ca)

Examples of skeletal circular muscles include the orbicularis oris and orbicularis oculi. (medscape.com)

Due to its anatomical location, the FDB can be used in cardiotoxin-induced muscle injury protocols and is amenable to electroporation of cDNA with a high degree of efficiency allowing for an effective means of genetic manipulation. (biomedcentral.com)

Finally, some muscles are circular in shape and contract around an opening. (medscape.com)

Which of the following is a muscle whose insertion is found on the clavicle and acromion process of the scapula within the pectoral girdle? (easynotecards.com)
Smooth muscle is found throughout the internal organs of the body, including the digestive tract, blood vessels, airways, and the female uterus. (mokshayogaamazonica.com)
It is at the level of the myofiber where the basic contractile element of muscle, the sarcomere, is found. (medscape.com)

After CPA treatment, however, this new bi-exponential model showed an obvious statistical superiority for kinetic analysis of the muscle relaxation process, and it gave the estimated rest tension consistent to that by experimentation, whereas both the classical bi-exponential model and the single exponential model gave biased rest tension s. (zju.edu.cn)
Moreover, after the treatment of muscles by CPA, both the single exponential model and the classical bi-exponential model yielded lowered relaxation rates, nevertheless, this new bi-exponential model had relaxation rates of negligible changes except much higher rest tension s. (zju.edu.cn)

Understanding of how nervous systems generate motor behaviours requires investigation of muscle properties as well as neural activity. (biologists.com)

FLNC is localized in the Z-disc due to the unique insertion of 82 amino acid residues in repeat 20 and necessary for normal Z-disc formation that connect sarcomeres. (omicsdi.org)
Define "origin" and "insertion" as these terms pertain to skeletal muscles. (bccampus.ca)

Parallel muscles may be flat or cylindrical shaped. (medscape.com)
Cylindrical muscles typically have greater mass at the center of the muscle, leading to a central body or muscle belly (eg, biceps brachii). (medscape.com)

In these systems the mechanical arrangement and activation of muscles can make synergistic muscles perform different roles. (biologists.com)

The force produced by a given muscle is proportional to the cross-sectional area, or the number of parallel sarcomeres present. (wikipedia.org)
Parallel muscles can be further defined into three main categories: strap, fusiform, or fan-shaped. (wikipedia.org)

The electroporation of cDNA or shRNA into muscles often delivers inconsistent results due to both the size of the muscle and anatomical location, which each impede uniform distribution of cDNA. (biomedcentral.com)
Whether aiming for anatomical realism, dynamic visual effects through exaggeration, or expressive interpretations of the human form, learning about muscles opens up a world of artistic possibilities. (paintxwiki.com)

Anatomy63

Organisms19

Diseases18

Chemicals and Drugs63

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment28

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes69

Disciplines and Occupations3

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena5

Information Science3

Health Care3

Fibers44

Units called sarcomeres2

Connective tissue2

Myofibrils3

Titin7

Phenotype2

Name skeletal2

Muscular9

Isometric3

Myosin5

Epimysium1

Shorten2

Sarcoplasm1

Multiple nuclei2

Tendons3

Hypertrophy4

Fiber8

Nerves3

Soleus1

Protein3

Troponin1

Characteristic1

Proximal2

Fascicles1

Vitro1

Stretch3

Consist1

Sarcolemma3

Functional4

Filaments5

Commonly2

Thigh1

Cardiac muscle4

Contracts1

Tissues1

Rectus femoris2

Convergent2

Flexor1

Tissue4

Diagram2

Sartorius2

Pennate5

Mechanisms3

Weakness3

Extensor4

Unipennate1

Function5

Molecular1

Structures1

Bones3

Occur3

Movements3

Examples1

Genetic1

Circular1

Found3

Tension2

Nervous1

Insertion2

Cylindrical2

Mechanical1

Parallel2

Anatomical2