Muscle cells found. Medical search. Frequent questions

In damaged muscle, stem cells must work together with immune cells to complete the repair process, yet how these cells coordinate to ensure the efficient removal of dead tissue before making new muscle fibers has remained unknown. (thebrighterside.news)
Muscle cells (including myocytes and muscle fibers) develop from embryonic precursor cells called myoblasts. (wikipedia.org)
Skeletal muscle cells are the individual contractile cells within a muscle and are more usually known as muscle fibers because of their longer threadlike appearance. (wikipedia.org)
A single muscle such as the biceps brachii in a young adult human male contains around 253,000 muscle fibers. (wikipedia.org)
Skeletal muscle fibers are the only muscle cells that are multinucleated with the nuclei usually referred to as myonuclei. (wikipedia.org)
In skeletal muscle, at the end of each muscle fiber, the outer layer of the sarcolemma combines with tendon fibers at the myotendinous junction. (wikipedia.org)
The cell membrane is anchored to the cell's cytoskeleton by anchor fibers that are approximately 10 nm wide. (wikipedia.org)
In white is mouse laminin, showing a cross section of muscle fibers. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
That's because, as we age, muscle stem cells become less able to repair injury and generate new muscle fibers. (stanford.edu)
Recently, two independent models, one from rodents and the other from insects, have demonstrated that nuclei are not lost from skeletal muscle fibers when they undergo either atrophy or programmed cell death. (frontiersin.org)
The findings shed new light on mechanisms of regeneration of healthy myofibers after severe tissue injury and suggest interplay between these fibers and muscle satellite cells though mechanisms remain to be elucidated. (elifesciences.org)
A new study from researchers at the University of Arizona and Ohio State University took a different approach to the problem: They performed direct tests of both human and chimp muscle fibers, and used computer models to determine how strong chimps really are. (discovermagazine.com)
Direct tests of muscle fibers actually found many similarities between our cells and theirs. (discovermagazine.com)
In terms of static strength and contraction speed, human muscle fibers kept pace with chimp muscles. (discovermagazine.com)
Where we differ, however, is in the type of fibers that together make up our skeletal muscles. (discovermagazine.com)
Chimp muscle fibers are longer than ours too, and the net result is that, pound-for-pound, their muscles are more powerful. (discovermagazine.com)
The Homo genus began developing larger brains that sucked energy away from muscles and selected for more economical muscle fibers. (discovermagazine.com)
As your muscles get stronger, your muscle fibers get bigger in a process called hypertrophy. (livescience.com)
The newly identified stem cells are found within populations of satellite cells located between muscle fibers and the surrounding connective tissue that are responsible for the repair and maintenance of skeletal muscles, said Professor Bradley Olwin of CU-Boulder's molecular, cellular and developmental biology department. (phys.org)
When muscle fibers are stressed or traumatized, satellite cells divide to make more specialized muscle cells and repair the muscle, said Olwin. (phys.org)
Although injected cells will repair the muscle fibers, maintaining the muscle fibers requires additional cell injections. (phys.org)
Biopsies of some of those patients revealed damage to muscle fibers that could continue even after they stopped taking the medications. (aboutlawsuits.com)

When muscles get damaged, it is important for immune cells to quickly enter the tissue and remove the damage before stem cells begin repair. (thebrighterside.news)
When muscles get damaged, it is important for immune cells to quickly enter the tissue and remove the damage before stem cells begin repair," said Dr. Jeffrey Dilworth, senior scientist at The Ottawa Hospital and professor at the University of Ottawa and senior author on the study. (thebrighterside.news)
They were able to genetically tag the cells in human embryonic tissue and in the hearts of mice. (myvmc.com)
They showed the cells spontaneously formed cardiac muscle tissue. (myvmc.com)
Researchers at the UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science and the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA today announced they have collaborated to transform adult stem cells taken from human adipose - or fat tissue - into smooth muscle cells, which help the normal function of a multitude of organs like the intestine, bladder and arteries. (ucla.edu)
The study may help lead to the use of fat stem cells for smooth muscle tissue engineering and repair. (ucla.edu)
Reported in the July 24 online edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the study is one of the first to show that stem cells derived from adipose tissue can be changed to acquire the physical and biochemical characteristics as well as the functionality of smooth muscle cells. (ucla.edu)
Fat tissue may prove a reliable source of smooth muscle cells that we can use to regenerate and repair damaged organs," said Dr. Larissa V. Rodriguez, principal investigator and assistant professor, Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine. (ucla.edu)
The next step required testing functionality to see if the cells would contract like smooth muscle tissue. (ucla.edu)
The new device allowed us to evaluate drug-induced changes in the physical properties of smooth muscle at the cell level - previously we've needed tissue samples to observe this phenomena. (ucla.edu)
To make sure they could reproduce the smooth muscle cells and to confirm the transformation, Rodriguez and her team cloned one of the primitive stem cells from the adipose tissue and repeated the experiments on a cloned population of cells with similar results. (ucla.edu)
Rodriguez notes the many advantages of using a patients' own fat stem cells for organ re-growth and tissue regeneration, including no need for anti-rejection medications. (ucla.edu)
In patients with a diseased or absent organ, who cannot use their own organ tissue for regeneration, adipose stem cells offer an alternative. (ucla.edu)
Smooth muscle cells have also been produced from stem cells found in the brain and bone marrow, but acquiring stem cells from adipose tissue is much easier and most patients have adipose tissue readily available, according to Rodriguez. (ucla.edu)
She is also starting to use smooth muscle cells for tissue engineering in the urinary tract, including the urethra. (ucla.edu)
More proliferation was observed in muscle tissue of LBW-GLN than LBW-ALA piglets at 5 dpn, but there was no clear effect of supplementation on related gene expression. (nature.com)
Overall, Gln supplementation stimulated cell proliferation in muscle tissue and in vitro in myogenic cell culture, whereas muscle growth regulatory genes were barely altered. (nature.com)
Glutamine is regarded as the most abundant amino acid in the body, is mainly synthesized in skeletal muscle 10 , and muscle tissue is the most important site for Gln storage 11 . (nature.com)
Skeletal muscle cells and cardiac muscle cells both contain myofibrils and sarcomeres and form a striated muscle tissue. (wikipedia.org)
In proof-of-concept experiments, Johns Hopkins Medicine scientists say they have successfully cultivated human muscle stem cells capable of renewing themselves and repairing muscle tissue damage in mice, potentially advancing efforts to treat muscle injuries and muscle-wasting disorders in people. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
In proof-of-concept experiments with mice, the research team sought to determine where the newly developed cells would migrate in living animals, and if they could repair damaged tissue. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
The research team then used two different methods to determine if the muscle stem cells would repair damaged tissue. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
At the site of the toxin and radiation damage in the muscle tissue, the researchers found that the transplanted human muscle stem cells developed into myoblasts, a kind of muscle construction cell that repairs damage by fusing together and developing the microfibers that characterize normal muscle. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
In general, heart-muscle cells may help repair an injured heart by replacing lost tissue, making them intriguing to scientists who study how lost or damaged tissue or organs could be regenerated . (livescience.com)
However, since there are many different non-muscle cell populations that reside within the tissue, these experiments cannot easily distinguish true myonuclei from those of neighboring mononuclear cells. (frontiersin.org)
Skeletal muscle is the largest tissue in the body. (frontiersin.org)
third, whole tissue culture was also performed to further demonstrate the different effect of R- and S-albuterol on migration of airway smooth muscle cells. (scirp.org)
After removal of blood vessels, connective tissues and cartilage, pure airway smooth muscle tissue was rinsed with PBS twice and cut into small pieces. (scirp.org)
The use of a muscle creatine kinase germline knockout of the gene encoding Ire1/Ern1 shifts the focus from traditional studies of tissue repair toward the regenerating myofibers. (elifesciences.org)
Skeletal muscle, the most abundant tissue of the body, has remarkable regenerative capacity mainly due to its resident muscle stem cells, also known as satellite cells. (elifesciences.org)
In addition, structural soft-tissue contractures and spinal deformities may develop from poor posturing caused by the progressive muscle weakness and imbalance, all of which can further compromise function and longevity. (medscape.com)
muscle , contractile tissue found in animals , the function of which is to produce motion . (britannica.com)
Muscle is contractile tissue grouped into coordinated systems for greater efficiency . (britannica.com)
Striated muscle is almost exclusively attached to the skeleton and constitutes the bulk of the body's muscle tissue. (britannica.com)
The research, to be published in the June 5 issue of Cell Stem Cell , shows for the first time that a protein called Wnt7a increases the number of stem cells in muscle tissue , leading to accelerated growth and repair of skeletal muscle. (medicalxpress.com)
This discovery shows us that by targeting stem cells to boost their numbers, we can improve the body's ability to repair muscle tissue," said senior author Dr. Michael Rudnicki. (medicalxpress.com)
Stem cells give rise to every tissue and organ in the body. (medicalxpress.com)
Satellite stem cells are specialized muscle stem cells that live in adult skeletal muscle tissue and have the ability to both replicate and differentiate into various types of muscle cells. (medicalxpress.com)
Dr. Rudnicki's team found that the Wnt7a protein, when introduced into mouse muscle tissue, significantly increased the population of these satellite stem cells and fueled the regeneration process, creating bigger and stronger muscles. (medicalxpress.com)
Muscle tissue mass was increased by nearly 20 per cent in the study. (medicalxpress.com)
Scientists had already identified several different types of muscle cell that can contribute to the formation of new muscle tissue. (eurostemcell.org)
Their muscles can't fully repair this damage leading to a loss of muscle tissue. (eurostemcell.org)
Scientists also found that after diphtheria toxin injection the amount of muscle tissue decreased somewhat over time, but the that the effects on differentiated muscle cells was not significant in the short term. (eurostemcell.org)
They did this by either injecting a chemical known to destroy muscle tissue or by making the mice exercise. (eurostemcell.org)
You may build up extra immune cells and inflammation in these areas of skin and tissue that shouldn't be there. (scleroderma.org)
In response to tissue injury or stress, the resident cardiac fibroblasts undergo a transition to activated myofibroblasts, a highly synthetic cell type that induces the genes encoding smooth muscle α actin (ACTA2) and collagen. (kcl.ac.uk)
We hypothesize that either small changes in cell composition during ageing may affect the epigenetic age of a tissue, or that our epigenetic clocks for mice need further refinement" says Shahragim Tajbakhsh. (pasteur.fr)
Fat and muscle are two different types of tissue, and one cannot be converted directly into the other, said Brad Schoenfeld, an assistant professor of exercise science at the City University of New York's Lehman College. (livescience.com)
A University of Colorado at Boulder research team has identified a type of skeletal muscle stem cell that contributes to the repair of damaged muscles in mice, which could have important implications in the treatment of injured, diseased or aging muscle tissue in humans, including the ravages of muscular dystrophy. (phys.org)
The stem cell population identified by the CU team within the satellite cells -- dubbed "satellite-SP" cells -- were shown to renew the satellite cell population after injection into injured muscle cells, contributing to recovery of muscle tissue in the laboratory mice. (phys.org)
The hope is this new method will allow us to repair damaged or diseased skeletal muscle tissue. (phys.org)
In healthy skeletal muscle tissue, the population of satellite cells is constantly maintained, leading the CU-Boulder team to believe that at least some of the satellite cell population in the mouse study included stem cells. (phys.org)
For the study, the researchers injected 2,500 satellite-SP cells into a population of satellite cells within injured mouse muscle tissue. (phys.org)
They found that 75 percent of the satellite cells that reproduced were derived from the previous satellite-SP cells injected into the tissue. (phys.org)
ATSDR coordinated a study called the National ALS Biorepository Pilot Study (study) to find out how practical it would be to collect and store samples such as blood or tissue from persons living with ALS (PALS) enrolled in the National ALS Registry. (cdc.gov)
If present in the patient's serum, antibodies attach to smooth-muscle antigens on the rodent tissue specimens. (medscape.com)
No storage tissue and cells similar to adipogranular cells or vesicular connective tissue of other mollusks were found in the gonadal area of C. pacifica. (bvsalud.org)
Since fibrosis is associated with aberrant tissue repair and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation, identifying the cells that are responsible for the repair and ECM production is fundamental to the understanding of fibrosis mechanism. (cdc.gov)

The researchers found that transplanted muscle stem cells traveled to the muscle niche area. (hopkinsmedicine.org)

People with the muscle wasting disease limb girdle muscular dystrophy have a genetic defect that interferes with that chemical messenger, making their muscles unable to respond to exercise. (uclahealth.org)
The genetic defect responsible for limb girdle muscular dystrophy causes shortages of an enzyme in muscle cells called CaMK. (uclahealth.org)
If one of those compounds is effective in human muscles, it would be a significant step for treating people with limb girdle muscular dystrophy, as well as people whose muscles have atrophied for other reasons - because they have been bedridden for long stretches due to an illness or injury, for example. (uclahealth.org)
Lee is co-founder of Vita Therapeutics Inc., a Baltimore, Maryland-based cell engineering company, that hopes to bring muscle stem cell treatments to market for muscle wasting disorders, including muscular dystrophy. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
In a second set of experiments, the researchers transplanted the muscle stem cells into mice genetically engineered with a mutation in the dystrophin gene, which results in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, a muscle wasting disorder in mice and humans. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Finally, targeted ablation of IRE1α also reduces Notch signaling, abundance of satellite cells, and skeletal muscle regeneration in the mdx mice, a model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. (elifesciences.org)
Muscular dystrophy (MD) is a collective group of inherited noninflammatory but progressive muscle disorders without a central or peripheral nerve abnormality. (medscape.com)
Scientists at the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI) and the University of Ottawa have discovered a powerful new way to stimulate muscle regeneration, paving the way for new treatments for debilitating conditions such as muscular dystrophy. (medicalxpress.com)
Our findings point the way to the development of new therapeutic treatment for muscular diseases such as muscular dystrophy , sarcopenia and muscle wasting conditions resulting from extended hospital stays and surgeries," said Dr. Rudnicki. (medicalxpress.com)
It is hoped this knowledge can be used in the future to develop treatments for muscle wasting diseases including muscular dystrophy. (eurostemcell.org)
Muscles of people with Duchenne muscular dystrophy can't produce the muscle protein dystrophin, making them fragile and easily damaged. (eurostemcell.org)
For example, this model could be used to study the possibility of transplanting different types of muscle stem cells to treat Duchenne muscular dystrophy. (eurostemcell.org)
Scientists hope that understanding how healthy muscle repairs itself will help them to understand why this repair process fails in the muscles of Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients. (eurostemcell.org)
In muscular dystrophy, the loss of a protein called dystrophin causes the muscle to literally tear itself apart, a process that cannot be repaired without cell-based intervention. (phys.org)

Myoblasts fuse from multinucleated skeletal muscle cells known as syncytia in a process known as myogenesis. (wikipedia.org)

In a study evaluating mice and human heart cells, the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein inflamed the heart muscle cells, which can lead to heart injury. (sciencedaily.com)
Now, researchers have found that the spike protein from the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus can lead to heart muscle injury through the inflammatory process, according to preliminary research to be presented at the American Heart Association's Basic Cardiovascular Sciences Scientific Sessions 2022. (sciencedaily.com)
The spike protein is found on the surface of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. (sciencedaily.com)
The spike protein facilitates virus entry into healthy cells, which is the first step in infection. (sciencedaily.com)
Our data show that the spike protein from SARS-CoV-2 causes heart muscle damage. (sciencedaily.com)
The researchers studied whether the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein activates the natural immune response in heart muscle cells. (sciencedaily.com)
Their results showed that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein activated the natural immune response in heart muscle cells and damaged the heart, but the NL63 spike protein did not. (sciencedaily.com)
The AAV9 viral vector was delivered into lab mice to activate the spike protein in the heart muscle cells. (sciencedaily.com)
They found that the AAV9-mediated the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, and not the NL63 spike protein, caused heart dysfunction, hypertrophic remodeling (enlargement) and cardiac inflammation. (sciencedaily.com)
In lab testing of heart cells cultured in dishes, researchers also observed that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein made heart muscle cells much larger compared to cells without either spike protein. (sciencedaily.com)
We found direct evidence that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is toxic to heart muscle cells," Lin said. (sciencedaily.com)
They detected the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and TLR4 protein in both heart muscle cells and other cell types. (sciencedaily.com)
Besides directly damaging the heart muscle cells, the spike protein itself is very inflammatory and may cause systemic inflammation that indirectly causes heart problems. (sciencedaily.com)
Feeding with amino acids can stimulate protein synthesis in all tissues, especially in skeletal muscle as reviewed by Davis et al. (nature.com)
A striated muscle fiber contains myofibrils consisting of long protein chains of myofilaments. (wikipedia.org)
The green color marks a muscle stem cell protein called PAX7. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
It has the protein distribution (shown in green and red) indicative of a young heart-muscle cell. (livescience.com)
Advances in molecular biology techniques illuminate the genetic basis underlying all types of MD: defects in the genetic code for dystrophin, a 427-kd skeletal muscle protein (Dp427). (medscape.com)
Skin cells make collagen, a normal repair protein. (scleroderma.org)
protein found in the muscle cell membrane called acetylcholine receptor (AChR). (nih.gov)
A very important finding reported in this paper is that ALS-mutant FUS protein is toxic to both skeletal muscle cells and motor neurons. (europa.eu)
Translation of these hexanucleotide repeat sequences gives rise to dipeptide-repeat proteins, which form intracellular protein aggregates in neuronal and non-neuronal cells of affected patients. (europa.eu)
This paper reports that certain of these dipeptide repeat proteins interfere with protein synthesis in affected cells, and this molecular derailment may contribute to motor neuron degenetion in C9orf72-ALS patients. (europa.eu)
Muscle stem cell from young mouse stained with the transcription factor Pax7 and in contact with the muscle fibre through the extracellular matrix protein M-Cadherin. (pasteur.fr)
This matrix protein is decreased in muscle stem cells in old mice thereby destabilising contact with the fibre. (pasteur.fr)
But to lose fat without also losing muscle, you have to eat the right foods: If you cut your calorie intake and don't eat enough protein, weight loss can result in a decrease in not only fat but also muscle. (livescience.com)
It's been shown over and over that low protein intake [while cutting calories] leads to an accelerated loss of muscle," Schoenfeld said. (livescience.com)
To make up for the lack of protein in the diet, the body burns not just stored fat but also muscle, which is made of protein. (livescience.com)
To prevent this from happening, Schoenfeld said he recommends that people who are trying to lose fat but not muscle consume about 0.8 grams of protein per pound of body weight per day. (livescience.com)
For example, a person who weighs 150 lbs. should eat about 120 grams of protein per day, equivalent to the amount of protein found in about three cups of chopped chicken, or 3.5 four-ounce chicken breasts. (livescience.com)
This is the amount of protein required for anyone lifting weights, Schoenfeld said, an activity that is essential for losing weight without also losing muscle. (livescience.com)
eat a sufficient amount of protein , and engage in resistance training (in which your muscles oppose a force), such as lifting weights , to tax the muscles and thus stimulate growth. (livescience.com)
Finally, PCDs are hypothesized to upregulate gene expression for protein synthesis and to enhance other muscle repair processes, though the exact mechanisms by which this occurs are not known. (trainingpeaks.com)
actin is a ubiquitous contractile protein that can be found in non-muscle cells. (medscape.com)
Outside the cell myosin can be used to move protein filaments, composed of actin, along artificial paths, which direct the filaments' movements. (lu.se)
These data, combined with the analogous function of LDIP to a mammalian protein called LD Assembly Factor 1, are discussed in the context of a new model for LD biogenesis in plant cells with evolutionary connections to LD biogenesis in other eukaryotes. (bvsalud.org)

The cells, known as isl1+, were found by a team of researchers at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) in the hearts of newborn rats, mice and humans. (myvmc.com)
UCLA researchers have identified a compound that can reproduce the effect of exercise in muscle cells in mice. (uclahealth.org)
When we put the drug into mice, we found that it activated CaMK and restored all the properties we had observed as defective in our disease model," Spencer said. (uclahealth.org)
In one method, the researchers transplanted the muscle stem cells into mice genetically engineered and bred without an immune system to avoid rejection of the transplanted cells. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Over several months, tests showed the transplanted mice were able to run twice as far on mini treadmills than untreated mice, a measure of muscle strength. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Moreover, after a 16-week duration of diabetes, Pggt1b Δ / Δ mice exhibited lower α -smooth muscle actin ( α -SMA) and nitrotyrosine level, Rac1 activity, p47phox and NOXO1 expression, and phospho-ERK1/2 and phosphor-JNK content than wild-type mice. (hindawi.com)
Blau, who directs Stanford's Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology , and postdoctoral scholar Ben Cosgrove , PhD, found that growing muscle stem cells from elderly laboratory mice (a 24-month-old mouse is roughly equivalent to an 80-year-old human, based on average lifespans) in a specialized matrix called hydrogel, coupled with a drug treatment to block an inhibitory pathway, caused the cells to divide rapidly. (stanford.edu)
When implanted into elderly mice with a muscle injury, the cultured cells sprang to work. (stanford.edu)
We were able to show that transplantation of the old treated muscle stem cell population repaired the damage and restored strength to injured muscles of old mice," Cosgrove said. (stanford.edu)
In the present study, we demonstrate that IRE1α (also known as ERN1) and its downstream target, XBP1, are activated in skeletal muscle of mice upon injury. (elifesciences.org)
Myofiber-specific ablation of IRE1α or XBP1 in mice diminishes skeletal muscle regeneration that is accompanied with reduced number of satellite cells. (elifesciences.org)
Myofiber-specific ablation of IRE1α dampens Notch signaling and canonical NF-κB pathway in skeletal muscle of adult mice. (elifesciences.org)
In this study, Ramkumar Sambasivan and colleagues at the Pasteur Institute in Paris discovered that when satellite cells were destroyed in mice, other types of cells were unable to repair muscle damage. (eurostemcell.org)
For the first time in this study scientists found a way to look at the contribution of different types of cells by destroying only satellite cells in the leg muscle of mice. (eurostemcell.org)
Working with mice, scientists genetically altered a gene, called Pax7, which is unique to satellite cells. (eurostemcell.org)
Next they looked at the effect of damaging the muscles in the mice which no longer had any satellite cells. (eurostemcell.org)
Finally, to show that the effect observed was specific to satellite cells, the researchers transplanted only the satellite cells from normal mice into mice with no satellite cells. (eurostemcell.org)
The mice regained the ability to repair their muscles after injury and their muscle mass increased, proving that satellite cells are needed for muscle regeneration to take place. (eurostemcell.org)
Furthermore, we could show that expression of the acetylcholine receptor in skeletal muscles of these mice is affected. (europa.eu)
By examining the transcriptome and epigenome of individual muscle stem cells simultaneously, we found that DNA transcribes* more chaotically in older muscle stem cells compared to those in younger mice. (pasteur.fr)

When muscles aren't worked regularly, they gradually atrophy. (uclahealth.org)
If we could isolate the stem cells from an elderly person, expose them in culture to the proper conditions to rejuvenate them and transfer them back into a site of muscle injury, we may be able to use the person's own cells to aid recovery from trauma or to prevent localized muscle atrophy and weakness due to broken bones," Blau said. (stanford.edu)
There is a longstanding belief that a given nucleus controls a defined volume of cytoplasm, so when a muscle grows (hypertrophy) or shrinks (atrophy), the number of myonuclei change accordingly. (frontiersin.org)
Defined as sarcopenia, this age-related muscle atrophy appears to be multifactorial but its definite cause is still unknown. (nih.gov)
Given that mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with muscle atrophy and other processes such as insulin resistance, any therapy that can improve mitochondrial function may be beneficial," he said. (sciencedaily.com)

As well, many older individuals suffer from sarcopenia, a protracted muscle wasting disorder that typically begins after the age of 50 and involves a loss of about 1% of muscle mass per year ( Woo, 2017 ). (frontiersin.org)
Significant loss of muscle mass may occur in cachexia and sarcopenia, which are major causes of mortality and disability. (mdpi.com)
Rather, if you're not lifting weights or doing some kind of resistance training, then you're not combatting age-related muscle loss, called sarcopenia. (livescience.com)

The thin myofilaments are filaments of mostly actin and the thick filaments are of mostly myosin and they slide over each other to shorten the fiber length in a muscle contraction. (wikipedia.org)
Dystrophin aggregates as a homotetramer at the costomeres in skeletal muscles, as well as associates with actin at its N-terminus and the DAG complex at the C-terminus, forming a stable complex that interacts with laminin in the extracellular matrix. (medscape.com)
Chimp and human muscles fundamentally work the same, they say, with filaments of actin sliding past thick myosin bands to produce contractions. (discovermagazine.com)
In 1973, Gabbiani et al suggested that smooth-muscle antibodies were probably towards actin when they demonstrated elimination of all smooth-muscle antibody activity in the sera of 5 patients with chronic active hepatitis using a preparation of platelet-derived actin called thrombosthenin A. (medscape.com)
[ 11 ] Further studies showed that tubular smooth-muscle antibody (SMA-T) and glomerular smooth-muscle antibody (SMA-G) immunofluorescence staining patterns, which predominantly react with filamentous actin (F-actin), were the main antigenic moiety of smooth-muscle antibodies. (medscape.com)
These cells, isolated from SP-positive FSCs, showed a high expression of type I collagen and alpha-smooth muscle actin, which are key biomarkers of fibrosis, as compared to non-SP cells. (cdc.gov)

Scientists have discovered very rare cells in newborn hearts which divide and develop into mature heart muscle and could provide a new approach to treating young cardiac patients. (myvmc.com)
The scientists initially found the progenitor cells in an area of the heart called the atrium in newborn rats. (myvmc.com)
To make the self-renewing stem cells, the scientists began with laboratory-grown human skin cells that were genetically reprogrammed to a more primitive state in which the cells have the potential to become almost any type of cell in the body. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
In the laboratory, scientists have long been able to transform IPS cells into various types of cells, including skin and brain cells. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Scientists are reporting the first clear evidence that muscle cells distribute energy primarily by the rapid conduction of electrical charges through a vast, interconnected network of mitochondria - the cell's "powerhouse" - in a way that resembles the wire grid that distributes power throughout a city . (evolutionnews.org)
For the current experiments, the NIH scientists collaborated in a detailed study of the mitochondria structure, biochemical composition, and function in mouse skeletal muscle cells. (evolutionnews.org)
Scientists have created heart cells through other techniques before, including using embryonic stem cells and adult cells reprogrammed to an embryonic stem cell-like state. (livescience.com)
Scientists believe satellite cells are a type of muscle stem cell. (eurostemcell.org)
By removing satellite cells and looking at the impact this has on muscle repair scientists can build a picture of how exactly these different cells contribute to the process of muscle regeneration. (eurostemcell.org)
First the scientists treated muscles only with diphtheria toxin and looked at them under the microscope. (eurostemcell.org)
This study has significantly added to the picture scientists have of how muscle regeneration works and the importance of satellite cells to that process. (eurostemcell.org)
An important outcome of this study is that for the first time scientists have been able to selectively destroy only a particular type of muscle cell. (eurostemcell.org)
Scientists may find that many factors together cause it. (cdc.gov)

Spike proteins latch onto receptors known as angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) on target cells. (sciencedaily.com)
Researchers observed the genetic expression and development of proteins, which are specific to this type of cell. (ucla.edu)
Fusion depends on muscle-specific proteins known as fusogens called myomaker and myomerger. (wikipedia.org)
Within this reticulum , we find proteins associated with mitochondrial proton-motive force production preferentially in the cell periphery and proteins that use the proton-motive force for ATP production in the cell interior near contractile and transport ATPases . (evolutionnews.org)
Brain and skin cells have now been reprogrammed into heart cells using RNA, a molecule related to DNA that is crucial to the creation of proteins within a cell. (livescience.com)
This mRNA contains the instructions, derived from DNA, to create proteins, the building blocks of cells. (livescience.com)
These cells then contained much more heart mRNA than skin or brain mRNA, causing the cell to build heart-cell proteins. (livescience.com)
The presence of the heart-cell proteins influenced the expression of genes and encouraged the production of more heart-cell proteins. (livescience.com)
Multiple proteins are involved in the complex interactions of the muscle membrane and extracellular environment. (medscape.com)
Dystrophin accounts for only approximately 0.002% of the proteins in striated muscle, but it has obvious importance in the maintenance of the muscle's membrane integrity. (medscape.com)
How proteins build muscle. (britannica.com)
Using chimeric proteins in which CD4 is fused to the large intracellular loop of each of the AChR subunits we found that agrin induced clustering of only chimeras containing the β subunit loop. (jneurosci.org)
Heterologous expression in insect cells demonstrated that LDAP is required for the targeting of LDIP to the LD surface, and both proteins are required for the production of normal numbers and sizes of LDs in plant cells. (bvsalud.org)
Further, the co-expression of both proteins is required to restore normal LD production in SEIPIN-deficient yeast cells. (bvsalud.org)

Researchers added different pharmacologic agents known to cause contraction or relaxation in smooth muscle. (ucla.edu)
There are three types of myofilaments: thin, thick, and elastic that work together to produce a muscle contraction. (wikipedia.org)
The sarcoplasmic reticulum serves as a reservoir for calcium ions, so when an action potential spreads over the T-tubule, it signals the sarcoplasmic reticulum to release calcium ions from the gated membrane channels to stimulate muscle contraction. (wikipedia.org)
The study offers an unprecedented, detailed look at the distribution system that rapidly provides energy throughout the cell where it is needed for muscle contraction. (evolutionnews.org)
Most of the drugs that stimulate or inhibit smooth muscle contraction do so by regulating the concentration of intracellular calcium , which is involved in initiating the process of contraction. (britannica.com)
Because this mechanism is relatively insensitive to drug action, the most important group of drugs that affect the neuromuscular junction act on (1) acetylcholine release, (2) acetylcholine receptors, or (3) the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (which normally inactivates acetylcholine to terminate muscle fibre contraction). (britannica.com)
The rhythmic contraction of cardiac muscle is regulated by the sinoatrial node, the heart's pacemaker. (britannica.com)

and the cell membrane in a muscle cell is termed the sarcolemma. (wikipedia.org)
The cell membrane of a cardiac muscle cell has several specialized regions, which may include the intercalated disc, and transverse tubules. (wikipedia.org)
The cell membrane is covered by a lamina coat which is approximately 50 nm wide. (wikipedia.org)
Mutations in ion channel genes lead to the production of altered channels, which may either increase or decrease the flow of ions across the outer cell membrane and alter the way the heart beats. (medlineplus.gov)
Furthermore, we show a rapid, coordinated depolarization of the membrane potential component of the proton-motive force throughout the cell in response to spatially controlled uncoupling of the cell interior. (evolutionnews.org)
We propose that membrane potential conduction via the mitochondrial reticulum is the dominant pathway for skeletal muscle energy distribution. (evolutionnews.org)
complement-activated membrane attack complexes have been identified in dystrophic muscles as well. (medscape.com)

CaMK activates genes that promote muscle growth and fat metabolism," said Spencer, who is also a professor of neurology and the director of the neuromuscular program at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA . (uclahealth.org)
Expression of muscle growth related genes was quantified with qPCR. (nature.com)
Cell culture experiments indicated that Gln could promote cell proliferation in a dose dependent manner, but expression of myogenesis regulatory genes was not altered. (nature.com)
Since that discovery, rare genetic variants in other ion channel genes have been found to cause familial atrial fibrillation. (medlineplus.gov)
Mutations in other types of genes have also been found to cause familial atrial fibrillation. (medlineplus.gov)
Other genes provide instructions for making parts of structural elements of cardiac muscle, such as sarcomeres. (medlineplus.gov)
Mutations in these non-ion channel genes have a variety of effects on the structure and function of cardiac muscle, all of which can lead to an abnormal heartbeat. (medlineplus.gov)
They then examined the mRNA expression pattern at a single cell level using so-called single-cell RNA sequencing analysis and found a subset of cardiac fibroblasts highly expressed genes activated by the transcription factor NF-kB and CCL2 mRNA. (kcl.ac.uk)
Notably, we found that Notch/RBPJ-bound regulatory elements are located adjacent to specific collagen genes in adult muscle stem cells, and investigated how extrinsic cues assure stem cell quiescence. (kcl.ac.uk)

Interestingly, aging is associated with chronic inflammation, muscle weakness and a reduced ability of muscle stem cells to wake up and repair damage," said lead author Dr. Kiran Nakka, a research associate with Dr. Dilworth who conducted this research as part of his postdoctoral studies. (thebrighterside.news)
Minor variations notwithstanding, all types of MD have in common progressive muscle weakness that tends to occur in a proximal-to-distal direction, though there are some rare distal myopathies that cause predominantly distal weakness. (medscape.com)
The lack of functioning muscle units causes weakness and, eventually, contractures. (medscape.com)
The study, published in the July 7 issue of the Canadian Medical Association Journal , found that 10% to 15% of people taking statin-based medications began experiencing at least minor muscle aches and weakness. (aboutlawsuits.com)
In most cases, patients complaining of muscle pain and weakness can be given a simple blood test to check for statin muscle damage. (aboutlawsuits.com)
This leads to muscle weakness, paralysis, and eventually death. (cdc.gov)

Skeletal muscle regeneration is regulated by coordinated activation of multiple signaling pathways. (elifesciences.org)
However, the role of individual arms of the UPR in skeletal muscle regeneration remain less understood. (elifesciences.org)
Collectively, our experiments suggest that the IRE1α-mediated signaling promotes muscle regeneration through augmenting the proliferation of satellite cells in a cell non-autonomous manner. (elifesciences.org)
However, the mechanisms of muscle regeneration are not yet fully understood. (elifesciences.org)
This suggests that satellite cells play a vital role in muscle regeneration. (eurostemcell.org)
Now that they know how to do this it provides a useful experimental model which can be used to study the role of other cell types in muscle regeneration. (eurostemcell.org)
Regulation of skeletal muscle stem cells during homeostasis and regeneration involves the interplay of extrinsic and intrinsic cues. (kcl.ac.uk)

Previous studies on GGTase-I mainly focused on the regulation of cell growth and differentiation via the Rac1 pathway and have been proved to be closely related to the occurrence, invasion, and metastasis of various malignant tumors [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
by forming a conductive pathway throughout the cell in the form of a proton-motive force . (evolutionnews.org)
Researchers have suspected that a faster, more efficient energy pathway might exist but have found little proof of its existence - until now," we read. (evolutionnews.org)
Therefore, the aim of the present study was to identify a regulatory signaling pathway in cardiac inflammation based on the hypothesis that a distinct subset of inflammation-related activated fibroblasts plays crucial roles in the recruitment of inflammatory cells, especially monocytes/macrophages, and in the pathology of heart failure. (kcl.ac.uk)
We show that dysregulation of appropriate expression of components of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) pathway contributes to muscle developmental defects in cabeza mutant Drosophila. (europa.eu)
In addition, we identified a microRNA pathway that is modulated by Notch, and that is required for stabilizing muscle stem cells in their niche by regulating the migration capacity of the muscle stem cell. (kcl.ac.uk)

This occurs during myogenesis with the fusion of myoblasts each contributing a nucleus to the newly formed muscle cell or myotube. (wikipedia.org)
embryologically, this multinucleate condition results from multiple myoblasts fusing to produce each muscle fiber, where each myoblast contributes one nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
Satellite cells produce myoblasts which in turn fuse to produce new muscle fibres that comprise the contractile unit for skeletal muscle function. (eurostemcell.org)

This paper reports that loss of function of the Drosophila gene cabeza (the Drosophila equivalent of the human FUS gene, mutations in which can cause a familial form of the motor neurodegenerative disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or ALS) induces muscle developmental defects. (europa.eu)

In both Duchenne and Becker MD, the muscle-cell unit gradually dies, and macrophages invade. (medscape.com)

Because the cells were found in a region of the atrium that is usually discarded during cardiac surgery, the researchers believe there may be some similar cells in the adult heart. (myvmc.com)
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, confirmatory study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of Cook MyoSite Incorporated Autologous Muscle Derived Cells for Urinary Sphincter Repair (AMDC-USR) compared to a placebo (vehicle) control dose in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in adult female patients. (mayo.edu)
The muscle AChR is a pentamer of homologous subunits, with the stoichiometry α(2), β, δ and γ (fetal) or ε (adult) subunits. (jneurosci.org)

Dystrophin can also be found in cardiac smooth muscles and in the brain (accounting for the slight mental retardation associated with this disease). (medscape.com)

At this point, the cells are known as induced pluripotent stem (IPS) cells, and they are mixed with a solution of standard cell growth factors and nutrients that nudge them to differentiate into specific cell types. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
More important, people found that, during the pathogenesis of asthma, smooth muscle cells could differentiate into the migration phenotype. (scirp.org)
Stem cells are distinguished by their ability to renew themselves through cell division and differentiate into specialized cell types. (phys.org)

The contractile mechanism of skeletal muscles entails the binding of acetylcholine to nicotinic receptors on the membranes of muscle fibres. (britannica.com)
studies have shown that the R- and S-enantiomers of racemic albuterol, a β 2 -adrenergic receptor agonist used in asthma treatment, have differential effects on the contractile properties of airway smooth muscle. (scirp.org)

However, little is known about changes in smooth muscle contractility and the intracellular mechanisms contributing to altered responsiveness of blood vessels of diabetic patients. (diabetesjournals.org)
In contrast to the altered Ca2+ signaling found in freshly isolated cells from diabetic patients, in cultured smooth muscle cells isolated from control subjects and diabetic patients, no difference in the intracellular Ca2+ signaling to stimulation with either K+ or NE was found. (diabetesjournals.org)
The enhanced removal of intracellular fluid and muscle cell metabolites is further theorized to reduce the symptoms of delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). (trainingpeaks.com)

Atherosclerosis occurs earlier and with greater severity in the population with diabetes [ 1 - 3 ] and is characterized pathologically by endothelial cell injury, proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and thickening of intima [ 4 , 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
Therefore, smooth muscle and endothelial cell function were assessed in 20 patients with diabetes and compared with 41 age-matched control subjects. (diabetesjournals.org)

The proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) induced by oxidative injury is one of the main features in diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis. (hindawi.com)
Human diabetes is associated with hyperreactivity of vascular smooth muscle cells due to altered subcellular Ca2+ distribution. (diabetesjournals.org)
Alterations of vascular smooth muscle function have been implicated in the development of vascular complications and circulatory dysfunction in diabetes. (diabetesjournals.org)
In contrast, subplasmalemmal Ca2+ response, which favors smooth muscle relaxation caused by activation of Ca2+-activated K+ channels, was reduced by 38% in diabetic patients as compared with control subjects, indicating a significant change in the subcellular Ca2+ distribution in vascular smooth muscle cells in diabetic patients. (diabetesjournals.org)
The mechanism of how the calcification signal from endothelial cells is transmitted to vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) remains unknown. (spandidos-publications.com)

When a muscle fiber is damaged, stem cells (in pink) start producing and coating themselves with hyaluronic acid (pale green outline). (thebrighterside.news)
Our previous studies showed that Gln had the potential to increase muscle fiber size in piglets 16 , but the mechanism was not clear. (nature.com)
A skeletal muscle cell is long and threadlike with many nuclei and is called a muscle fiber. (wikipedia.org)
Cardiac muscle cells are joined to neighboring cells by intercalated discs, and when joined in a visible unit they are described as a cardiac muscle fiber. (wikipedia.org)
The sarcoplasmic reticulum, a specialized type of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, forms a network around each myofibril of the muscle fiber. (wikipedia.org)
These and other data argue against the current interpretation of the myonuclear domain hypothesis and suggest that once a nucleus has been acquired by a muscle fiber it persists. (frontiersin.org)
The disease affects the muscles with definite fiber degeneration but without evidence of morphologic aberrations. (medscape.com)
Humans tend to favor a type of muscle fiber called MHC I that allows for greater endurance and reduced energy consumption, but at the cost of raw strength. (discovermagazine.com)

Using mouse and human tissues, Dr. Dilworth and his team also discovered how muscle stem cells control the production of hyaluronic acid using epigenetic marks on the Has2 gene. (thebrighterside.news)
The cardiac muscle cells formed were totally mature and had the complete array of function that one would expect in completely differentiated heart tissues," said Jason Lam, one of the first authors of the study, in a statement. (myvmc.com)
Seeking understand the decline in function of tissues in organisms, researchers from the Stem Cells and Development unit at Institut Pasteur made a discovery on the still unknown mechanisms of the epigenetic clock in stem cells. (pasteur.fr)
It should be noted that epigenetic clocks based on DNA methylation are constructed from data from multiple tissues from a mixture of different cell types. (pasteur.fr)
This research shows how satellite cells can maintain their populations within injured tissues," said Olwin. (phys.org)

Muscle & Nerve , 51 (3), pp. 346-352. (ntu.ac.uk)
Smooth muscle , which is found primarily in the internal body organs and undergoes involuntary, often rhythmic contractions that are not dependent on outside nerve impulses, generally shows a broad sensitivity to drugs relative to striated muscle. (britannica.com)
Skeletal muscle contracts in response to electrical impulses that are conducted along motor nerve fibres originating in the brain or the spinal cord . (britannica.com)
The motor nerve fibres reach the muscle fibres at sites called motor end plates, which are located roughly in the middle of each muscle fibre and store vesicles of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (this meeting of nerve and muscle fibres is known as the neuromuscular junction ). (britannica.com)
It affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, causing nerves in the muscle to die. (cdc.gov)
Movement, the intricate cooperation of muscle and nerve fibres, is the means by which an organism interacts with its environment . (britannica.com)
The acetylcholine receptor is the receptor that is required for muscle cells to receive signals from the motor nerve. (europa.eu)
ALS is a disease that causes nerve cells to stop working and die. (cdc.gov)

Cardiac muscle cells form the cardiac muscle in the walls of the heart chambers, and have a single central nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
of heart (cardiac) muscle cells. (medlineplus.gov)

Blau and her colleagues also identified for the first time a process by which the older muscle stem cell populations can be rejuvenated to function like younger cells. (stanford.edu)
Stem cell numbers usually decline during aging thereby confounding results when total cell populations are surveyed. (pasteur.fr)

Next steps for this research is to identify the marker for the inflammatory fibroblasts to isolate the cell population and examine the characteristics of the cells to regulate their activity. (kcl.ac.uk)
The mechanisms by which niche molecules and intrinsic factors regulate muscle stem cell quiescence and properties remain largely unknown. (kcl.ac.uk)
When stressed by the extreme exercise, certain chemical channels in the muscle cells that regulate calcium changes in the cells broke down. (time.com)
This discovery on ageing underscores the importance of basic research in understanding the mechanisms that regulate stem cell properties and function to pave the way for future development of innovative diagnostic or therapeutic strategies. (pasteur.fr)

After long efforts at high intensity, there's some degree of exercise-induced muscle damage at the cellular level. (trainingpeaks.com)

Since (R)-, but not (S)-albuterol enhances bronchodilation, we expect the two racemic isomers would also affect proliferation and migration of tracheal cells differentially. (scirp.org)
By monitoring migratory properties of airway smooth muscle cells in the presence of albuterol isomers, the different effect of albuterol on proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells is probed. (scirp.org)
However, the different effects of R- and S-albuterol on smooth muscle cells proliferation and migration have never been tested. (scirp.org)
As a kind of well mature pharmaceutical for asthma treatment, it would be very important to distinguish the effect of two different isomers of albuterol on proliferation and migration activities of airway smooth muscle cells. (scirp.org)

Wu's team developed a special device to evaluate the cells' ability to contract by tracking movement of microbeads dispersed in a collagen gel embedded with the cells. (ucla.edu)

Host natural immunity is the first line of defense against pathogen invasion, and heart muscle cells have their own natural immune machinery. (sciencedaily.com)
Our study shows that muscle stem cells are primed to start repair right away, but the immune cells maintain the stem cells in a resting state while they finish the cleanup job. (thebrighterside.news)
Once the coating gets thick enough, it blocks the sleep signal from the immune cells and causes the muscle stem cells to wake up. (thebrighterside.news)
To understand the multifaced aspects of Parkinson's disease, it may be desirable to expand the complexity of these models, to include different brain regions, vasculature, immune cells as well as additional diverse organ-specific organoids such as gut and intestine. (nature.com)
Stereological quantification methods were tested in order to assess changes in structure and volume of the aortic wall including the involvement of immune cells in changes of the atherosclerotic lesions. (degruyter.com)
We also found that individuals over the age of 50, those with weakened immune systems, such as cancer patients, and those without spleens were at highest risk for more severe illness. (cdc.gov)

Journal of Cell Biology 2018, 217(11):3947-3964. (europa.eu)

They also found that some of the transplanted human muscle stem cells migrate to the niche and behave like muscle stem cells naturally found within the mouse. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
These cells acquire the capability to contract, migrate, proliferate, elaborate extracellular matrix and mediate the development of cardiac fibrosis. (kcl.ac.uk)

Other markers of muscle cell damage, such as creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase have shown similar results. (trainingpeaks.com)

Researchers have discovered a brief 10-minute massage helps reduce inflammation in muscle. (sciencedaily.com)
While massage is well accepted as a therapy for relieving muscle tension and pain, the researchers delved deeper to find it also triggers biochemical sensors that can send inflammation-reducing signals to muscle cells. (sciencedaily.com)
Researchers at McMaster University have discovered a brief 10-minute massage helps reduce inflammation in muscle. (sciencedaily.com)
Crane said the McMaster researchers are the first to take a manual therapy, like massage, and test the effect using a muscle biopsy to show massage reduces inflammation, an underlying factor in many chronic diseases. (sciencedaily.com)
Researchers found reduced inflammation in the massaged leg. (sciencedaily.com)
White blood cells multiply when your child has inflammation or an infection. (uhhospitals.org)
To conclude, we found that a subset of cardiac fibroblasts involved in cardiac inflammation under stress. (kcl.ac.uk)
Processes involved in atherosclerosis include coagulation, inflammation, lipid metabolism, intimal injury, and smooth muscle cell proliferation (see the image below). (medscape.com)

But the identification of cells that can divide and mature into heart muscle suggests that the heart has repair mechanisms after all," she said. (myvmc.com)
The results hint that massage therapy blunts muscle pain by the same biological mechanisms as most pain medications and could be an effective alternative. (sciencedaily.com)
This novel finding provides a new insight into the mechanisms of fibrosis and may aid in the development of early detection biomarkers and treatment strategies for the disease. (cdc.gov)

The innervation of muscle cells, or fibres, permits an animal to carry out the normal activities of life. (britannica.com)

Normally, muscles get stronger as they are used, thanks to a series of chemical signals inside muscle cells. (uclahealth.org)
Their computer model found that chimps are only 1.35 times stronger than a human on average, a number that agrees with more recent lab tests pegging them at 1.5 times as powerful. (discovermagazine.com)

Female accessory cells had well-developed endoplasmic reticulum, but they did not form any follicles around oocytes, being in their basal part, closer to basal lamina. (bvsalud.org)

For this reason, the team of Shahragim Tajbakhsh from Institut Pasteur, in collaboration with the team of Wolf Reik at the Babraham (UK) tried to decipher the relationships between epigenetic regulation of DNA and ageing muscle stem cells. (pasteur.fr)
says Shahragim Tajbakhsh, head of the Stem Cells and Development Unit at Institut Pasteur. (pasteur.fr)

In humans the muscle systems are classified by gross appearance and location of cells. (britannica.com)

Skeletal muscle cells were known to have many mitochondria, but it was not clear how the products of ATP production, called metabolites, became distributed throughout the cell. (evolutionnews.org)
In addition, massage signals muscle to build more mitochondria, the power centres of cells which play an important role in healing. (sciencedaily.com)

The findings are published in the journal Cell Reports Medicine. (uclahealth.org)
Now a report in Nature Medicine outlines some interesting findings from the laboratory of Stanford microbiologist and immunologist Helen Blau , PhD, suggesting it may be possible to perk up a population of elderly stem cells through a combination of biophysical and biochemical cues. (stanford.edu)
Our findings identify a defect inherent to old muscle stem cells," she said. (stanford.edu)
Laboratory findings include low white blood cell and platelet counts and elevated liver enzymes. (who.int)

Proliferating, BrdU-positive cells in muscle sections were detected with immunohistochemistry indicating different cell types and decreasing proliferation with age. (nature.com)
These muscle stem cells could potentially be developed as treatments for many types of muscle disorders," says Lee. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
The three types of muscles are striated (or skeletal), cardiac, and smooth (or nonstriated). (britannica.com)
They are now investigating what exactly each of these cell types do and how they work. (eurostemcell.org)
This study tells us more about how different cell types work together to grow new muscle. (eurostemcell.org)
They can form the many other muscle cell types that make up a working muscle, but can also copy themselves to ensure a reserve supply of satellite cells. (eurostemcell.org)
In both cases the muscle did not repair itself despite the fact that other types of repair cells were still present. (eurostemcell.org)

Primary culture of rat airway smooth muscle cells was performed by enzyme digestion. (scirp.org)
The test looks for an enzyme known as creatin phosphokinase (CPK), which leaks from damaged muscles. (aboutlawsuits.com)

The sarcoplasm also contains glycogen which provides energy to the cell during heightened exercise, and myoglobin, the red pigment that stores oxygen until needed for muscular activity. (wikipedia.org)
Myoglobin helps your muscle cells store oxygen. (drugs.com)
The rare condition causes skeletal muscle damage and releases myoglobin into the bloodstream. (aboutlawsuits.com)

In striations of muscle bands, myosin forms the dark filaments that make up the A band. (wikipedia.org)
One example, myosin, is found in our muscle cells. (lu.se)

We have shown the muscle senses that it is being stretched and this appears to reduce the cells' inflammatory response," he said. (sciencedaily.com)
In response to pressure overload such as hypertension, monocytes (a type of white blood cell) enter the heart and become inflammatory macrophages. (kcl.ac.uk)
They found that cardiac fibroblasts can produce CCL2 and name the cells inflammatory fibroblasts. (kcl.ac.uk)

Autosomal dominant inheritance means that one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. (medlineplus.gov)
Using a transgenic mouse model in which an ALS-like mutation was introduced in the mouse Fus gene, we could show that ALS pathology starts at the neuromuscular juction (the transition between motor nerves and skeletal muscle cells), long before motor neuron cell bodies in the spinal cord degenerate. (europa.eu)

This phenotype was associated with impairment in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and assembly at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), also associated with muscle aging. (nih.gov)

The testing identified a chemical compound called AMBMP that allowed mouse muscles to work and grow the way healthy muscle cells do. (uclahealth.org)
The team reported that when they injected the muscle stem cells into the mouse muscles, the cells moved to an area of the muscles known as the niche, where other natural muscle stem cells are typically found, and stayed there for more than four months. (hopkinsmedicine.org)

Anatomy65

Organisms17

Diseases17

Chemicals and Drugs76

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment25

Phenomena and Processes53

Disciplines and Occupations3

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena3

Information Science3

Health Care2

Fibers22

Tissue58

Transplanted muscle stem cells1

Muscular dystrophy14

Multinucleated skeletal muscle cells1

Protein36

Mice20

Atrophy5

Sarcopenia3

Actin6

Scientists13

Proteins14

Contraction7

Membrane7

Genes9

Weakness6

Regeneration7

Pathway6

Myoblasts3

Induces1

Duchenne1

Adult3

Dystrophin1

Differentiate3

Contractile2

Intracellular3

Endothelial cell2

Vascular5

Fiber8

Tissues5

Nerve8

Cardiac muscle cells2

Populations2

Regulate4

Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage1

Proliferation and migration4

Collagen1

Immune6

Biology1

Migrate2

Creatine kinase1

Inflammation8

Mechanisms3

Fibres1

Stronger2

Endoplasmic reticulum1

Institut Pasteur2

Humans1

Mitochondria2

Findings4

Types7

Enzyme2

Myoglobin3

Myosin2

Inflammatory3

Gene2

Neuromuscular junction1

Mouse muscles2